RU2340161C1 - Device for loading and purification of grains - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device contains cylindrical hopper with slope regulator and cylindrical revolving screens of primary and secondary purification of grains with outlet elbows. Both cylindrical screens are rigidly connected with each other by means of coupling links, are set in the hopper and have brushes for cleaning. Brushes are fixed to the walls of the hopper.

EFFECT: increasing quality of purification of grains.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to grain cleaning equipment, and may find application in the field of national economy for cleaning, and bulk materials.

Known bunker for bulk materials (patent No. 2027341, IPC6 A01F 12/60, 25/08, publ. 01.27.1995). However, the known device is intended for storage and drying of grain, the proposed device is used for loading and cleaning grain.

A device for controlling the flow of bulk materials (patent No. 2023640, IPC5 B65D 90/54, A01F 12/60, publ. 30.11.1994). The disadvantage of this device is an inclined fixed sieve, which cannot by gravity provide grain separation. It is known that grain under the influence of its weight, i.e. the gravity of the particles, if it moves along the sieve, then with such a slope of the sieves, grain particles do not fall through the holes, slip over them and do not sift. The disadvantages of the device are that the sieve is clogged, and the angle of inclination of the sieve is not adjustable.

The proposed device for loading and cleaning grain can be used in farms as an independent grain cleaning device. It is able to produce fully refined grain. It can also be used as an active bunker and immediately part of the grain from it will be secondarily refined, and the uncleaned part will go to sieve mills. In farms, the unrefined part of the grain in rare cases (when the grain is heavily contaminated with impurities) should be cleaned with a second pass.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of cleaning, increase productivity and reduce grain loss during separation.

This goal is achieved in that the device for loading and cleaning grain includes an electric motor, a cylindrical hopper with a slope regulator, a cylindrical rotating sieve with brushes for primary grain cleaning, two outlets for cleaned and uncleaned grain, while a second rotating cylindrical sieve is installed in the hopper secondary cleaning, rigidly connected to the first sieve by connecting links and cleaned by brushes attached to the walls of the hopper, and for the secondly cleaned grain there is an output pipe.

Prior to the receipt of grain in the proposed device, it is blown by a stream of air to separate light impurities from the grain.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that previously in the bunker of the grain cleaning machine a secondary cleaning of grain is carried out by installing a second rotating cylindrical sieve installed after the first cylindrical sieve and rigidly connected to it by connecting links (rods of circular cross section). The second cylindrical sieve, like the first, is cleaned with brushes rigidly attached to the body of the hopper. The bunker has three exits:

one for unrefined grain and two for peeled (one of them is after the first sieve for pre-cleaned and one after the second cylindrical sieve for second-cleaned grain). The inclination of the hopper body and the frequency of rotation of the cylindrical sieves are regulated depending on the type and condition of the processed material.

The drawing shows a device for loading and cleaning grain, where the following structural elements are indicated under their positions: stand - 0, hopper body - 1, cylindrical sieve - 2, electric motor - 3, pulleys - 4, flexible link - 5, bearings - 6, brushes - 7, tilt regulator of the hopper body - 8, a nozzle for leaving the uncleaned part of the grain with impurities - 9, a nozzle for the exit of primary cleaned grain - 10, a cylindrical sieve for secondary grain cleaning - 11, connecting links - 12, brushes - 13, a nozzle for the output of the second refined grain - 14.

The inclination of the fixed housing of the hopper 1 is regulated by the regulator of its inclination 8 relative to the horizon, depending on the type of material being cleaned, its quality, condition and other factors. The cylindrical sieve 2 in the housing 1 is supported by bearings 6 and rotationally driven from the electric motor 3 using pulleys 4 and a flexible link 5. The rotational speed of the cylindrical sieves 2 and 11 can be controlled by changing the pulleys and changing the frequency of rotation of the electric motor. To clean the rotating cylindrical sieve 2 to the hopper body, and to clean the cylindrical sieve 11 to the hopper body, brushes 13 are attached to the upper and lower parts of it. not shown), this is when the device is used as an active hopper.

The cylindrical sieves 2 and 11 rotate and the mass of grain under the action of an inertial load is pressed against their walls, sieved and the cleaned grain exits through the nozzles 10 and 14.

When a grain of good quality, not heavily clogged with impurities, always from both pipes, as experiments have shown, we get a fairly well-refined grain that meets the requirements of OST. When it is very clogged, the outlet from the nozzles 9 and 10 requires additional cleaning, i.e. repeated passage through this device, when using it as an independent grain cleaning machine. If it is used as the active hopper of a grain cleaning machine, then it is possible to direct the flow of such crude grain from the pipe 9 to the upper tier of the sieves, and from the pipe 10 to the lower tier of the sieves.

The proposed device makes it possible for farms to have their own machine for cleaning grain, and for grain cleaning machines - an active hopper for loading and cleaning grain. Thus, we obtained pre-refined grain of high quality, significantly unloaded the grain cleaning machine, which made it possible to improve the quality of grain cleaning and increase cleaning performance and reduce grain loss in grain cleaning machines.

Claims (1)

A device for loading and cleaning grain, including an electric motor, a cylindrical hopper with a slope regulator, a cylindrical rotating sieve with brushes for its primary cleaning, two exits for cleaned and uncleaned grain, characterized in that a second cylindrical rotating secondary sieve is installed in the hopper, rigidly connected to the first sieve by connecting links and cleaned by brushes attached to the walls of the hopper, for the secondly cleaned grain there is an outlet pipe.