RU2340147C1 - Seed-feeding system 2 constructed by burkov ln - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: seed-feeding system consists of a hopper with two departments for seeds and fertilisers, seed dispensers and fertiliser, and mechanism of seed-rate adjustment. Seed dispensers are rigidly fixed on the underside of the hopper and made as rollers with groves. Department for fertilisers in the hopper is formed by placing a removable wall at an acute angle to the vertical, starting from the middle of the tanker's bottom. Department for fertilisers presents stand alone rectangular sections with L-shaped upper edge. Sections are arranged on coupled U-shaped stands, supported by inclined stands. Inclined stands are evenly spaced at a right angle to coupled U-shaped stands. Fertiliser dispensers are made as rollers, grooves whereat are placed along helical curves to the axis of the roller, and rigidly fixed on the underside of the hopper in the common hull with seed-feeding apparatuses under corresponding department of the hopper. Fertiliser dispensers are equipped with fertiliser rate adjuster. Mechanisms of seed-rate adjustment and fertiliser-rate adjustment are made similar and placed on the opposite ends of the driving shafts of the both apparatuses. Mechanisms of seed-rate and fertiliser-rate adjustment consist of hydro-pneumatic 2-directional operation cylinder with a rod, coming outside from the both end of the cylinder. One end of the cylinder is rigidly connected by a plate with a spring-loaded rectangular indicator. Ball-bearing sliding along the scale is fixed on the underside of one of the ends of rectangular indicator. The scale is rigidly fixed to the flat end of the common hull and is applied parallel to the flat end of the indicator. Indicator enters into the vertical slot of the hull, placed on the cylinder. Other ends of guide bars of hydro-pneumo cylinders of seed and fertiliser-rate adjusters are rigidly connected with the corresponding rollers.

EFFECT: provision of complete cleaning of the fertiliser department of the hopper and increase accuracy of adjustment of fertilisers dispensing-rate.

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Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used to create new sowing or metering devices for bulk materials in seed or fertilizer seeders.

The sowing system is known from the book by A. N. Karpenko and V. M. Khadansky "Agricultural Machines". - M .: IN "Agropromizdat", 1989, p. 129. It consists of a hopper with two compartments: for seeds and fertilizers, reel-grooved seed metering devices, rigidly installed at the bottom of the hopper and reel-type fertilizer metering devices, rigidly mounted on the side of the hopper, a mechanism for regulating the seed rate, made in the form of a lever pivotally connected to the shaft sowing apparatus and intermediate support. This embodiment of the sowing system has the significant drawback that when combining both compartments of the hopper it is impossible to completely clear the fertilizer compartment of the hopper from the remnants of fertilizers and, moreover, manual labor is used to adjust the rate. This leads to an inaccurate setting of the seeding rate.

The technical task of the present invention is to remedy these disadvantages of the known system.

The problem is achieved in that in the sowing system, consisting of a hopper with two compartments for seeds and for fertilizers, seed drills, rigidly mounted at the bottom of the hopper and made in the form of coils with grooves, fertilizer devices and a mechanism for regulating the seed rate, according to the present invention, the compartment for fat in the hopper is formed by installing a removable wall at an acute angle to the vertical, starting from the middle of the bottom of the hopper in the form of separate autonomous rectangular sections with an L-shaped upper edge mounted on dual U-shaped racks supported by inclined racks installed with equal pitch at right angles to the double U-shaped racks, while fertilizer devices are made in the form of coils, the grooves of which are located along helical lines to the axis of the coil, are rigidly attached from the bottom hoppers in a common housing with seed machines under the corresponding section of the hopper and are equipped with a regulator of the rate of seeding of fertilizers, and the mechanisms for regulating the norm of fertilizer and seeds are made the same, installed against the positive ends of the drive shafts of both apparatuses and consist of a double-acting hydropneumatic cylinder with a rod extending outward from both ends of the cylinder, one end of which is rigidly connected by a bar with a spring rectangular pointer, on one end of which a ball bearing is fixed from below, sliding on a scale that is rigidly attached to the end of the common housing and is applied parallel to the end of the pointer, which enters the vertical groove of the housing mounted on the cylinder, in addition, the other ends of the rods of the hydropneumatic cylinders are The sowing rates of seeds and tuks are rigidly connected to the corresponding shafts.

New essential features of the sowing system:

- the compartment for fat in the hopper is formed by installing a removable wall at an acute angle to the vertical, starting from the middle of the bottom of the hopper in the form of separate autonomous rectangular sections with a L-shaped upper edge mounted on twin U-shaped racks supported by inclined racks installed with equal step at right angles to dual U-shaped racks;

- fertilizer sowing apparatus consists of grooved coils, the grooves of which are made along helical lines relative to the axis of the coil;

- the devices themselves are rigidly attached to the bottom of the hopper in a common housing with reels under the corresponding section of the hopper;

- mechanisms for regulating the rate of fertilizers and seeds are made the same, installed on opposite ends of the drive shafts of both devices and consist of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder with a rod extending outward from both ends of the cylinder;

one end of the cylinder rod is rigidly connected by a bar with a spring-loaded rectangular pointer, and the other ends of the rods of the hydropneumatic cylinders of the regulators of the norms for seeding seeds and fertilizers are rigidly connected to the corresponding shafts;

- a rectangular pointer enters the vertical groove of the housing mounted on the cylinder;

- at the other end of the pointer a ball bearing is fixed below, sliding on a scale attached rigidly from the end of the common housing;

- the scale is applied parallel to the end of the pointer,

- mechanisms for regulating the seeding rate are installed from opposite ends of the drive shafts of both devices.

The listed new essential features, together with the known ones, are necessary and sufficient to achieve a technical result in all cases to which the requested amount of legal protection applies.

Technical results are achieved due to the fact that:

- installation of a removable wall, starting from the middle of the bottom of the hopper, allows you to completely clean the cavity of the hopper from the remnants of fat when combining both sections of the hopper 4;

- the implementation of fertilizer metering coils with helical grooves allows you to more accurately set the seeding rate;

- the installation of both devices in one common housing reduces the cost of their installation;

- the implementation of the mechanisms for regulating the seeding standards the same unifies the details and simplifies the adjustment process;

- installation on the index of the rolling support reduces the friction forces when the pointer moves on a scale;

- the installation of control mechanisms on different sides of the drive shafts allows you to install them so that they do not interfere with each other.

Figure 1 shows a cross section through the bunker of the proposed metering system;

Figure 2 is a section aa from Figure 1, showing the installation of a hydraulic cylinder;

Figure 3 is a section bB from figure 1, showing the configuration of a double U-shaped rack;

Figure 4 is a section bb of figure 2, showing the relationship of the pointer and the housing;

Figure 5 is a view G from figure 4, showing the relationship of the ball bearing of the pointer and its scale;

Figure 6 is a view D from figure 4, showing the shape of the pointer on the side;

Fig.7 is a section EE of Fig.2, showing the presence of two shafts of the apparatus. The sowing system consists of a hopper 1 with two compartments: a compartment for seeds 2 and a compartment for fertilizers 3, and the compartment for fertilizers is formed by installing a removable wall 4 at an acute angle to the vertical, starting from the middle of the bottom of the hopper 1 in the form of separate autonomous sections 5 with -shaped top edge and installed on the double U-shaped racks 6 with supporting inclined racks 7. The racks 7 are installed with equal pitch at right angles to the double U-shaped racks 6. The fertilizer devices consist of grooved coils, grooves to oryh formed along helical lines to the axis of the coil, and the devices themselves are rigidly attached below the hopper 8 in a common housing together with the coil apparatus for sowing seed hopper and under appropriate department. The regulation mechanisms for the rate of fertilizer and seed sowing devices are the same and consist of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder 9, which has a separate supply pipe 10 on the one hand and a similar 11 on the other, and they can change roles: the working agent can be supplied alternately on the one hand, then on the other. In this regard, the cylinder rod extends from both ends of the cylinder and is connected on one side with the shaft 12 of the seed metering shaft or shaft 13 of the fertilizer apparatus, and on the other hand, with a strap 14 with a spring rectangular pointer 15 that enters the vertical groove 16 of the housing 17 mounted on the cylinder 9 . At the other end of the pointer 15 below, a ball bearing 18 is mounted, sliding on a scale 19, rigidly attached to the end of the common housing 8. In this case, the scale divisions are applied parallel to the end of the pointer 15, and the seeding rate adjustment mechanisms themselves are installed opposite the ends of the drive shafts 12 and 13.

The sowing system operates as follows.

When the drill moves, rotation is transmitted to both shafts 12 and 13 separately, seeds and fertilizers are fed from their sections of the hopper in accordance with the established seeding rate.

The regulation of the seeding rate of both seed and fertilizer machines is carried out on a fixed seeder. The working agent or air or oil is fed into the corresponding space of the cylinder 9 and the indication of the pointer 15 is observed. As soon as it shows the required value, the cylinder is locked tightly at the set pressure, i.e. no "floating" position should be, which is achieved by known devices. After this, the seeder is ready for operation.

Thus, the tasks have been solved: the removable walls inside the hopper can completely clear the second half of the residues of the fertilizer, and the use of coils with helical grooves for the fertilizer can improve the accuracy of setting the seeding rate of the fertilizer, because overdose of fertilizers adversely affects the development of plants.

Claims (1)

The sowing system, consisting of a hopper with two compartments for seeds and fertilizers, seed drills, rigidly mounted at the bottom of the hopper and made in the form of coils with grooves, fertilizer devices and a mechanism for regulating the seed rate, characterized in that the fertilizer compartment in the hopper is formed by installation of a removable wall at an acute angle to the vertical, starting from the middle of the bottom of the hopper in the form of separate autonomous rectangular sections with a L-shaped upper edge mounted on double U-shaped racks, under held by inclined racks installed with equal pitch at right angles to the double U-shaped racks, the fertilizer devices are made in the form of coils, the grooves of which are located along helical lines to the axis of the coil, attached rigidly to the bottom of the hopper in a common casing with seed devices under the corresponding department bunkers and equipped with a regulator of the norm of seeding of fertilizers, and the mechanisms for regulating the norm of fertilizer and seeds are made the same, installed from opposite ends of the drive shafts of both apparatuses and They are made up of a double-acting hydropneumatic cylinder with a rod extending outward from both ends of the cylinder, one end of which is rigidly connected by a bar with a spring-loaded rectangular pointer, on one end of which a ball bearing is fixed from below, sliding on a scale that is fixed rigidly to the end of the common body and is applied in parallel the end of the pointer included in the vertical groove of the housing mounted on the cylinder, in addition, the other ends of the rods of the hydro-pneumatic cylinders of the regulators of the norms of seeding of seeds and fertilizers are rigidly connected to the corresponding stvuyuschimi shafts.

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