RU2340145C1 - Method for preplanting treatment of seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises preplanting treatment of seeds by coating them with a composition containing Heteroauxin and chitosan containing agent, derived from Mortierella bainieri mycromicet biomass according to the set technology in the weight ratio of 3:400 with their total consumption of 161.2 g/t.

EFFECT: better efficacy against root rots with lower chemical pesticides consumption.

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Description

The invention relates to seed treatment technology before sowing.

A known method of presowing treatment of seeds, comprising applying to them a composition comprising heteroauxin and a chitosan-containing preparation Chitozar with a weight ratio of 1: 100 and a flow rate of 202 g / t (Tyuterev S.L. Scientific basis for the use of chemical activators of disease resistance in protecting plants from pathogens. Ph.D. - St. Petersburg - Pushkin: VIZR, 1999, p. 36-39).

The disadvantages of this method are the high consumption of pesticides and low processing efficiency, which is up to 32% against root rot.

The technical result of the invention is to reduce the consumption of pesticides while increasing the efficiency of processing against root rot.

This result is achieved by the fact that in the method of presowing treatment of seeds, which involves applying a composition comprising heteroauxin and a chitosan-containing preparation according to the invention, a chitosan-containing preparation is obtained by sequential extraction of biomass of Mortierella bainieri micromycete with a non-polar extractant in a supercritical state, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water, followed by combining the first extract with a solid residue, use a composition comprising heteroauxin and chitose containing drug in a weight ratio of 3: 400 at a flow rate of 161.2 g / m.

The method is implemented as follows.

The dry biomass of the micromycete Mortierella bainieri is extracted with a non-polar extractant, for example carbon dioxide or hexane, in a supercritical state. At this stage, the first extract is separated, which is further used in the preparation of a chitosan-containing preparation. Next, the biomass is sequentially extracted with water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water. The solid residue obtained after completion of all the extraction steps listed above is combined with the first extract. The composition is prepared by dissolving heteroauxin in water (List of pesticides and agrochemicals approved for use on the territory of the Russian Federation for 2001. Appendix to the journal Protection and Plant Quarantine, No. 3, 2001, pp. 233-234) and a chitosan-containing preparation from biomass micromycete Mortierella bainierii obtained by the above technology in the above ratio by weight. The resulting solution is applied to the surface of the seeds by any known method at the above flow rate.

The results of the pilot verification, confirming the claimed technical result, are summarized in tables 1-3 for crops of winter wheat, rice and sunflower, respectively.

Table 1 The effectiveness of presowing treatment against root rot of winter wheat Processing option Consumption rate, g / t Tillering coefficient Biological effectiveness Productivity, t / ha Mass of 1000 grains, g micromycete biomass preparation Mortierella bainieri + heteroauxin 160 + 1.2 2.1 64 40.9 49.1 Vincite (reference) 2000 1.3 71.1 38.5 47.9 Control (without treatment): degree of development,%; yield c / ha - 1,2 23% 23.5 46.6

table 2 The effectiveness of presowing treatment against Fusarium rot of rice Processing option Consumption rate, g / t Tillering coefficient Biological effectiveness Productivity, t / ha Mass of 1000 grains, g micromycete biomass preparation Mortierella bainieri + heteroauxin 160 + 1.2 3,7 66 79.8 29.6 Fundazole (reference) 2000 2.7 33 77.3 26.1 Control (without treatment): degree of development,%; yield c / ha - 2.1 23% 66 25.7

Table 3 The effectiveness of presowing treatment against gray rot of sunflower Processing option Consumption rate, g / t Biological effectiveness Productivity, t / ha micromycete biomass preparation Mortierella bainieri + heteroauxin 160 + 1.2 65,2 16.3 Fundazole (reference) 3000 22.8 13.1 Control (without treatment): degree of development,%; yield c / ha - 19% 12.3

As can be seen from the tables, the biological effectiveness of pre-treatment in all cases is higher than in the closest analogue with a reduced consumption of each of the pesticides.

Claims (1)

A method for pre-sowing seed treatment, comprising applying to them a composition comprising heteroauxin and a chitosan-containing preparation, characterized in that the chitosan-containing preparation is obtained by sequential extraction of biomass of micromycete Mortierella bainieri with a non-polar extractant in a supercritical state, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali followed by combining the first extract with a solid residue, and the ratio by weight of heteroauxin and chitosan-containing drug in the composition was 3: 400 at a flow rate of 161.2 g / t.