RU2340003C1 - System of controlling safety and communications of passenger train - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics; transportation.

SUBSTANCE: system consists of a central control system and DECT base stations. Each base station is linked to the central control system. Each base station is connected to two antennae, device for transmitting alarm signals from emergency warning systems of railway vehicle, mobile terminal, repeater, telephone receiver in the guides' service compartment and emergency warning button, as well as high frequency signal divider/adder.

EFFECT: safer operation of a passenger train under conditions for flexible composition formation of the passenger train.

6 cl

Description

The invention relates to the field of wireless communications, namely, radio communications between subscribers, at least one of which is located in the vehicle, and can be used to provide the passenger train with wireless address emergency alarm and intercom.

This development is intended for use in communication systems on passenger trains of commuter and long-distance for the purpose of organizing communication channels and transmitting alarm signals. The device was developed on the basis of DECT technologies and allows equipping passenger trains with data and telephony devices, preferably taking into account the existing system of flexible formation of the composition of the passenger train, consisting of headquarters and passenger cars.

In the future, when characterizing the claimed technical solution, the following terms and concepts will be used:

- “address” alarm - an alarm transmitted to a predetermined subscriber (or group of subscribers) in automatic mode and in a predetermined sequence.

- central control system - a device that controls the operation of base stations included in a system based on a PC.

- proprietary telephone - a device that visually displays the status of connections in the network and allows direct connection with subscribers and performing configuration operations.

Known (RU, patent 2058670 Н04В 7/26, 1996) is a train dispatch system, characterized by the presence of a dispatch control panel connected to stationary radio stations of a dispatch communication circle via a primary or backup wire line, each radio station consisting of a block of switches connected in series a selective connection block, a linear block and a transceiver connected to the antenna, the signal inputs of the switch block being the outputs of the main and backup links wired communication, one of the control inputs of the switch block is connected through the linear block to the output of the transceiver, the second output of the first selective amplifier is connected to the second input of the selective connection block, and a second selective amplifier is introduced into each stationary radio station, the input of which is connected to the output of the transceiver, the first and the second control signal shapers, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the first and second selective amplifiers, respectively, and the outputs to the second and third the control inputs of the switch block, while the input of the block of selective connection through one of the contacts of the switch block is connected to the output of the main or backup wired communication lines. The block of switches can be made in the form of series-connected keys with separate control circuits of a selective connection.

A disadvantage of the known technical solution is the lack of automatic remote control of the state of the vehicle.

Also known (RU, patent 2206177 Н04В 7/26, 2003) is an on-board communication network of rolling stock, characterized by the presence of a control and diagnostic panel (wearable console of the train head), in each carriage of rolling stock terminal devices (in the form of mobile radiotelephones for staff and passengers , radio sensors and executive devices of the car automation system, miniature video surveillance terminals and other necessary devices) and a unified switching unit (in the form of a base station), a digital radio link connecting the on-board to there are communications between the rolling stock and external communication systems, moreover, the connection between the terminal communication devices and the unified communication node, as well as between adjacent unified switching nodes, is carried out via the radio channel, while the frequency range and level of the radio signal in the radio channel are selected so that the communication terminal devices only communicate with a unified switching unit of the car in which the communication terminal devices are currently located, and the control and diagnostics panel is mobile m and communicates on the radio channel with the unified switching unit of the car in which the remote control and diagnostics is currently located.

Known on-board communication network operates as follows. The control and diagnostic panel (wearable terminal of the train head) transmits and receives the radio signal at any point of the train through a network of unified switching nodes, both when the train head receives the radio signal from the terminal device, and when transmitting the radio signal to the terminal device, including during a passenger conversation by personal mobile phone with a subscriber remote from the train.

A disadvantage of the known on-board system should be recognized as the presence of only one control and diagnostic console, made in the form of a wearable version of the train head, a large number of switching nodes and the lack of automatic control of the wagon condition.

The closest analogue of the developed system can be recognized (RU, patent 0046895, 2005) as a passenger train safety and communication control system characterized by the presence of a central control system and DECT base stations, with each base station connected to a central control system, to each DECT base station via RF the connectors are connected by two antennas mounted on the roof of the car, at least one device for transmitting alarms from the alarm systems of the railway car by forming I have voice messages for transmission to the wagon conductor and the head of the train, including the DECT radio socket, a voice auto-informant, a wearable terminal with a push-button dialer, while the alarm transmission device is connected to the outputs of the car’s emergency and fire alarm systems, at least one wearable conductor terminal for receiving signals about accidents and two-way automatic telephone communications, at least one repeater for amplifying radio signals, at least one handset in the service compartment There are at least one hazard warning button.

A disadvantage of the known security and communication control system of a passenger train should be recognized as the difficulty of its use subject to the flexible formation of the train, i.e. replacement of cars included in the passenger train. In the event of a change in the composition of the wagons that make up the passenger train, the use of the known system does not automatically determine which of the wagons the emergency occurred, since the known system does not automatically link each wagon of the passenger train to the head-car, in which all emergency situations are recorded occurring in this train.

The technical problem solved by the proposed invention is to develop an improved alarm system and communication of a passenger train.

The technical result obtained by the implementation of the proposed system is to increase the safety of operation of a passenger train in a flexible formation of the composition of the passenger train.

To achieve the technical result, it is proposed to use a passenger train safety and communication control system containing a central control system (central controller) located in the head coach and at least one DECT base station, each base station being connected to a central control system, while To each DECT base station, two antennas mounted on the roof of the car are connected via RF connectors. In addition, in each passenger carriage (and, possibly, on the locomotive), at least one device for transmitting alarms from railway car alarm systems is placed by generating messages for transmission to the car conductor and to the train head — a peripheral radio controller. The peripheral radio controller of each car is connected at least to the outputs of the emergency and fire alarm systems of this car. The specified peripheral radio controller is a microassembly made on a printed circuit board on which a central processor module (CPU), a power circuit, a microphone interface, a speaker interface, internal synchronization circuits, read-only memory (ROM), a radio module (RF) and auxiliary elements are installed while all the indicated circuits are connected to the central processor. Also, in each of the wagons, at least one wearable terminal is preferably located for receiving signals about accidents and two-way automatic telephone communication (mainly for each wagon conductor or at least one per wagon), at least one repeater per wagon for amplifying radio signals, less than one handset in the service compartment of the conductors, at least one hazard warning button. In addition, the system may further comprise a satellite communications station, a laptop for the train commander, and at least one payphone. The repeater along with the peripheral radio controller is mainly connected to the antenna via a splitter, which is an RF signal divider / adder containing an MDD1 assembly mounted on a printed circuit board, which includes four connectors, three RF connectors and two resistors, with the first and second connectors of the assembly RF connectors are connected that are capable of connecting devices operating in the DECT standard, both resistors forming an input impedance of 50 Ohms are connected to the third connector, and to the fourth azemu connected RF connector necessary for connecting an external antenna DECT standard.

Unlike similar systems known to the applicant, the proposed system provides the following.

1. Automatic transmission of voice signals about emergency situations in wagons to officials of the train crew located at any point of the moving train or on the platform at a distance of up to 500 meters from the wagon in the line of sight.

2. Two-way automatic telephone communication between subscribers in the passenger train, both in the parking lot and on the move.

3. Transmission of emergency messages by the train manager from a portable terminal or system telephone.

4. Telephone communication of the train head with subscribers of the public telephone network.

5. Data transmission via satellite communication channel when using the laptop of the train chief;

6. Providing telephone services to passengers.

The structure of the proposed system includes the following nodes and elements:

a) the central control system combines the functions of switching equipment and connection control devices in the system. The central control system controls DECT base stations in an amount of 1 to 16, to which external antennas are connected in this way, and one system telephone. Each base station is connected to the central control system by a shielded cable with multi-wire twisted-pair conductors of the fifth category. The cable length should not exceed 10 meters. The DECT base stations are powered from the central control system via the same cables with a constant voltage of 48 V. Power consumption is not more than 50 W. Two antennas connected to the car roof are connected to each DECT base station via TNC-type RF connectors with a high-frequency cable with a wave impedance of 50 Ohms. A total of six antennas were used. Two of them - non-directional (with a circular radiation pattern) and four antennas - directional and provide maximum radiation in directions along the composition. The length of antenna cables should not exceed 30 meters. The dimensions of the DECT base station are not more than 200 × 120 × 140 mm. Weight is not more than 400 grams. A system telephone is connected to the central control system with a two-wire cable;

b) the alarm transmission device is designed to transmit over the air the central control system of alarm signals from existing car alarm and fire alarm systems to the wearable terminal to train officials who are at any point in the moving train and to the headquarters car to the train chief's workplace. The alarm transmission device contains a DECT radio socket, a voice autoinformer, a telephone with a keypad, and a cordless handset. The alarm transmission device is connected via a TNC type connector with an RF cable with a wave impedance of 50 Ohms to an RF signal splitter. The length of the RF cable is not more than 30 meters. The alarm transmission device is also connected to the existing car alarm and fire alarm systems (via two PC4 connectors) with a two-wire cable, the length of which is unlimited. The power supply of the alarm transmission device is carried out with a voltage of 12 V. Power consumption is not more than 10 W;

c) the RF signal splitter is designed to provide simultaneous operation of two devices (alarm transmission device and repeater) to one antenna;

d) the repeater is designed to amplify (relay) the signals transmitted from the central control system to the terminals and vice versa. The repeater is connected with an RF cable with a wave impedance of 50 Ohms to an RF signal splitter. Each repeater has a high-frequency connector for connecting to an external antenna and a connector for connecting to a 12 V power supply;

e) the wearable terminal is made according to the DECT technology and is designed to connect the subscriber via a radio channel to the central control system. The wearable terminal charger has openings for wall mounting. The charger has a latch to hold the wearable terminal while driving. The charger is powered by a voltage of 12 V from the power supply device;

f) the power supply device is designed to convert the input voltage in the range from 55 V to 110 V DC voltage = 12 V, = 48 V and ~ 220 V for power supply of the system devices and laptop computer;

g) the satellite communication station of the Inmarsat M4 system provides communication with the public telephone network through the global network of the Inmarsat International Organization. The network includes 4 satellites located above the equator. These satellites are in geostationary orbit over the western region of the Atlantic Ocean, the eastern region of the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean region, thereby providing an optimal worldwide coverage area. A satellite communications station consists of an antenna, an RF amplifier / power supply and a terminal.

The terminal combines a display, a keyboard and an integrated handset for making voice calls. The terminal can be connected to the central control system for organizing voice calls from a wearable terminal or system telephone;

h) the payphone is connected to the terminal of the satellite communications station with a two-wire telephone cable with a length of not more than 50 meters. The power of the payphone is provided from the line.

When implementing the proposed system, the following equipment is placed in the office compartment of the train chief: central control system, DECT base stations, system telephone, antenna outputs, power supply device, charger and wearable terminal, satellite communications station and laptop for the train chief. In this case, the central control system has a wall mount and can be mounted on the side wall of the compartment. The proprietary telephone is mounted on the table. The portable terminal charger has mounting holes for wall mounting. A laptop computer is installed on the table. Base stations are placed in the space between the ceiling and the roof of the car to reduce the length of the RF cable and, as a result, reduce signal loss.

The following equipment is placed in the service compartment of the carriage conductor: repeater, antenna output, alarm transmission device, charger and wearable terminal, hazard alarm button.

All antennas are installed on the roof of the car, and repeaters - inside the car. The portable terminal charger has mounting holes for wall mounting. The power supply device may be mounted on a horizontal or vertical surface.

Chargers for wearable terminals of the train mechanic and transport police are placed in the appropriate compartment. The power of these chargers is carried out with a voltage of 12 V from the power supply device installed in the radio box, through a two-wire cable of the required length with a cross section of 2 × 0.75 mm ² . The satellite communications station is placed as follows — an antenna on the roof of the head carriage in the zone of the idle vestibule, the terminal is in the compartment of the train head, the RF amplifier / power supply is in the compartment of the train head.

To organize duplex radio communication between subscribers in the DECT system, a radio frequency band of 1880-1900 MHz is used, in which 10 physical radio channels (carriers) with a bandwidth of 1.728 MHz are located. To organize talk channels on each carrier frequency in the time domain, a breakdown was made into frames of 10 ms duration containing 12 pairs of time slots (using the time division multiple access method - TDMA). Duplex transmission mode is ensured through the use of the method of time division (TDD), in which during the first half of the TDMA frame information is transmitted alternately on 12 talk channels from the base station to wearable terminals, and during the next half in the opposite direction.

The system operates in a continuous dynamic channel redistribution mode, i.e. the base station can automatically select the carrier frequencies, finding the available free carrier frequency and choosing the best (in terms of quality) free communication channel. If there is no free carrier frequency, the system automatically provides repeated connection setup requests. Thus, the frequencies are reused automatically, and the reuse pattern changes from connection to connection.

The operation of the station can be illustrated by the following examples:

1. Bo while the train is in the service compartment of the car, the “overheat axle” alarm is triggered. The conductor at this time is at the other end of the car, serving passengers. The automatic device of the carriage dials the telephone number of the conductor and transmits with voice the “five-digit number of the carriage and then“ overheat of the axle boxes ”, the same voice message is transmitted to the train head for decision.

2. At the station, when boarding passengers, a fire alarm is triggered in the service compartment of the conductors. The conductor at this time is on the platform. The automatic device dials the number of the wearable terminal of the conductor and the head of the train and transmits the voice message "Fire and the five-digit number of the car." Having received this message, the conductor checks the car and detects passengers smoking in the wrong place. The wearable terminal immediately reports to the train chief about eliminating the cause of the fire alarm.

3. At night, a bully fight ensued in the car. The conductor calls a police outfit on the wearable terminal, which restores proper order.

4. Attackers block the wagon conductor, not allowing him to call and call for help. The conductor presses the hidden hazard alarm button, and the automation dials the number of wearable terminals of the transport police patrol and the train chief and transmits a voice message "Danger and five-digit car number."

In this embodiment, the system provides the following:

1. Receiving alarms from car fire alarm systems, axle box overheating alarms, wheel lock alarms, and also from a hazard alarm button.

2. The formation of voice information corresponding to the received alarms, and its transfer to wearable terminals to officials of the train crew.

3. Automatic telephone communications to officials of the train crew.

The specified voice message transmitted in emergency situations consists of:

- assigned car number (five digits);

- the words “Fire”, “Overheating of the axle boxes” or “Wheel lock”.

The voice message transmitted when the hazard alarm button is pressed is transmitted to the head of the train and the transport police and consists of:

- assigned car number (five digits);

- the words "Danger".

In the case of using the Inmarsat M4 satellite communication station in the headquarters car, the following possibilities are provided for organizing communication and information transfer:

- transmission of emergency messages on the train by the train head to the depot or to the nearest station;

- telephone communication of the train head with subscribers of the public telephone network;

- data transmission via satellite communication channel when using the laptop of the train chief;

- telephone connection of the transport police patrol with the leadership and the ability to receive and transmit passport data and photographs of wanted persons.

- when installing a payphone - the provision of communication services to passengers.

Claims (6)

1. The security and communication control system of a passenger train, comprising a central control system and DECT base stations, with each base station connected to a central control system, and two antennas installed on the roof of the car via high-frequency connectors are connected to each DECT base station at least one device for transmitting alarms from railway car alarm systems by generating voice messages for transmission to a car conductor and a train connected to the outputs of the car’s emergency and fire alarm systems, at least one wearable terminal for receiving alarms and two-way automatic telephone communications, at least one repeater for amplifying at least one handset in the service compartment of the conductors and not less than one hazard alarm button, characterized in that it further comprises a high-frequency signal divider / adder containing an assembly mounted on a printed circuit board, which includes four connectors , three high-frequency connectors and two resistors, while high-frequency connectors are connected to the first and second connectors of the assembly, configured to connect an alarm transmission device from the railway car alarm systems and the repeater, both resistors forming an input impedance of 50 Ohms are connected to the third connector , and the fourth connector is connected to the high-frequency connector required to connect an external antenna of the DECT standard, and a wearable terminal for receiving alarm signals and vuhstoronney automatic telephone microassembly is formed on the printed circuit board on which a CPU module is installed, the power circuits, a microphone interface, the interface dynamics, internal synchronization circuits, a read only memory and a radio module, wherein said circuit connected to the CPU. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a satellite communications station. 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a laptop computer train chief. 4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises at least one payphone. 5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two antennas are made with a circular radiation pattern, and at least two antennas are made directed to ensure maximum radiation along the composition. 6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that from 2 to 16 DECT base stations are used.