RU2337196C1 - Size for threads of natural and artificial cellulose fibres - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: size contains, g/litre: natural starch - 35-50; lignocellulose powder, having lignin to cellulose proportion 1:(1.4-1.6) - 0.15-0.20; and water to 1 l.

EFFECT: decrease in starch consumption; reduction of sticking and improvement of thread strength characteristics.

1 tbl, 5 ex

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY.

The invention relates to the textile industry and can be used in weaving for sizing threads from natural and artificial cellulose fibers.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Known dressing [Gordeev V.A., Volkov P.V., Nekrasov K.P. Cotton weaving. - M .: Light industry. 1969 S. 131] based on natural starch (potato, corn), containing chloramine as a splitter in an amount of 0.3-0.4% by weight of starch and water. However, the use of a chlorine-containing substance in the size of the dressing causes the following disadvantages:

- worsens working conditions;

- requires tight control of wastewater;

- in the presence of chloramine in the finished dressing, corrosion of the drying drums and damage to the yarn occurs, since it interacts with the cellulosic material with the formation of oxycellulose;

- the presence of chlorine in the dressing does not ensure the stability of its viscous and cohesive properties;

- films from a dressing prepared with chloramine are sensitive to high humidity, at which they again acquire the properties of stickiness, stickiness. In this regard, strict control of air humidity in the weaving hall in the range of 68-72% is required;

- with the chemical decomposition of starch, not only a decrease in the degree of polymerization of starch is possible, but also an extremely undesirable chemical change in its structure to form dextrins. This process easily undergoes a low molecular weight starch fraction - amylose, the content of which is quite high - 21-28%. The products of oxidative degradation of starch do not possess film-forming properties and their content in the dressing makes its film brittle, brittle. Such a film is scattered from the surface of the thread, which negatively affects its breakage in weaving.

Dressing is also known without a chemical starch breaker (Drusova S.M., Prusov A.N. // Izv. Universities. Chemistry and Chemical Technology. - 2006, v. 49, issue 10. P.64], which is closest to according to the set of essential features and the achieved result, it contains starch, additional ingredients - softener - 0.3-0.4 g / l, wetting agent - 0.1-0.2 g / l and flax-containing special additive as a rheological modifier, the quality of which is used as a fine flaxseed microcrystalline cellulose in the form of a powder. mechanochemical disintegration of flax, and chemical treatment is aimed at reducing the molecular weight of flax cellulose to 180-300 and increasing the crystallinity from 60 to 70. At the same time, lignin and other related substances (pectin, waxy, tannic, nitrogen-containing and mineral substances) are removed.

However, this dressing has the following disadvantages:

- insufficient costing of dressing due to:

- increased consumption of starch at the stage of preparation of the dressing;

- increased consumption of dressing due to high adhesion;

- the complexity of the process of preparing the dressing due to the need for an additional operation of diluting the finished dressing to a regulated viscosity. This need is due to the fact that the viscosity of the dressing is unregulated during the preparation of starch suspension. The starch consumption for preparing the dressing should be at least 8.0% in order for the fine microcrystalline flaxseed pulp introduced to provide an effective result. Reducing the starch content below the specified limit is impractical, since it loses efficiency from the introduction of fine microcrystalline cellulose into the composition of the dressing and the quality of the dressing decreases;

- high adhesion of the dressing and bonding of threads in the sizing. This leads to the need for additional introduction to the dressing of vegetable oil (cottonseed, castor, sunflower). However, this increases the cost of dressing. In addition, the formation of grease stains on the yarn reduces the quality of its subsequent treatments;

- a sufficiently large decrease in the tensile elongation of the lined main thread, characterizing the elasticity and elasticity of the yarn;

- great breakage in the processing of lined low-grade yarn.

Thus, a dressing based on natural starch is also not known, which also contains flax-containing special additive and water, which would be economical, easy to prepare, and would provide high strength characteristics of the lined yarn.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The inventive task was to find the composition of the dressing for threads from natural and artificial cellulose fibers, including natural starch, flax-containing special additive and water, which would allow:

- reduce the consumption of starch at the stage of preparation of the dressing;

- reduce the consumption of dressing;

- reduce the loss of elongation of the processed yarn;

- reduce breakage in the weaving of low-grade yarn;

- simplify the process of preparing the dressing;

- eliminate sticking of the dressing and bonding of threads.

The problem is solved by dressing for threads from natural and artificial cellulose fibers, including natural starch, flax-containing special additive and water, which contains lignocellulosic powder, including lignin and cellulose in the ratio 1: (1.4-1.6) as flax-containing special additive , with the following content of components, g / l:

- natural starch - 35-50 ligno-cellulose powder, including lignin and cellulose in the ratio 1: (1.4-1.6) - 0.15-0.2 - water - up to 1 liter.

The invention allows to obtain the following advantages:

- reduce starch consumption at the stage of preparation of the dressing by 20-45%;

- reduce glue to 3.1-3.5%. This, in turn, allows to reduce the steam consumption for drying sagonated yarn;

- reduce the loss of tensile elongation of the yarn trimmed, and, therefore, increase its elasticity and elasticity;

- reduce the breakage of low-grade yarn to 0.07 rpm / m, which allows it to be processed in weaving as yarn of the first grade;

- to simplify the process of preparing the dressing, since there is no need for the operation of dilution of the welded adhesive material in order to reduce its viscosity to the required by the technological regulations;

- eliminate sticking of the dressing and bonding of threads.

In addition, the invention allows to obtain the following advantages:

- reduce the cost of dressing by eliminating the softener, wetting agent, and the use of cheaper special flaxseed additives, since flax lignocellulosic powder is obtained without the use of chemical treatment;

- the dressing does not foam, has high stability, does not delaminate with lowering temperature, and has a longer shelf life.

INFORMATION CONFIRMING THE POSSIBILITY OF PLAYING THE INVENTION.

The following components are used for dressing:

- potato starch GOST 7699-82 or corn GOST 7697-82;

- lignocellulosic powder (LCP). It can be obtained as follows. Flax fiber is crushed in any grinder, providing grinding to a finely dispersed state, for example, in a disintegrator or ball mill, and a fraction with a ratio of lignin and cellulose 1 is selected: (1.4-1.6);

- technological water.

The dressing is prepared in a known manner on traditionally used equipment. Cold water is poured into the container, starch and lignocellulosic powder are poured. The suspension is stirred for 10 minutes. Then the whole mass with constant stirring is heated to a temperature of 120 ° C and incubated for 20 minutes. Receive a dressing ready for use. The yarn is processed with the inventive dressing according to traditional technology. The quality indicators of the yarn, lined with the claimed dressing and dressing according to the prototype, were determined identically:

- glue - [Collection of instructions for technical control in cotton weaving. Gizlegprom, 1951, p. 92];

- viscosity - [Borodin A.I. and other Handbook of cotton weaving technology. - M. Light Industry, 1968, S. 468-471.];

- physical and mechanical properties of yarn - GOST 6611.73-6611.2.73;

- breakage - [Collection of instructions for technical control in cotton weaving. Gizlegprom, 1951, p.108-111].

The table shows the quality indicators of the compositions of the claimed dressing with different quantitative content of components and the ratio of lignin and cellulose in lignocellulosic powder, as well as the prototype composition after dilution. These tables clearly prove the high quality of lined yarn.

Qualitative indicators of the claimed dressing N The composition of the dressing, g / l Indicators of dressing and processed cotton yarn N34 (*) The degree of degradation of starch,% Relative viscosity Glue,% The increase in tensile strength relatively soft yarn,% The decrease in tensile elongation relatively soft yarn,% Breakage in weaving, arr / m one. Starch Card. -50 90.5 2,4 3,1 24.3 11.5 Absent LCP 1: 1.4 - 0.2 Water up to 1 L 2. Card Starch - 35 90.5 2.1 3,5 29.5 12.1 Absent LCP 1-1,4 - 0,15 Water up to 1 L 3. Corn starch-50 90.1 2,4 3.3 24.9 11,2 0,07 LCP 1: 1.6 - 0.2 Water - up to 1 l four. Prototype: Card Starch - 80 90.5 1.7 5.7 24.1 28.1 Absent Surfactant - 0.2 Soft. (oil rust.) - 0.45 AOC - 0.6 Water - up to 1 l Prototype: 5. Card Starch - 80 Surfactant - 0.2 90.1 1.7 5.5 24.5 21.9 0.25 Soft. (oil rust.) - 0.45 AOC - 0.6 Water - 1 l * - in examples 1, 2, 4, soft yarn of the first grade was used, in examples 3, 5 soft yarn, the indicators of which are lower than those shown for the third grade.

Claims (1)

A dressing for threads made from natural and artificial cellulose fibers, including natural starch, flax-containing special additive and water, characterized in that it contains ligno-cellulose powder, including lignin and cellulose, in the ratio 1: (1.4-1 , 6), with the following content of components, g / l: natural starch 35-50 ligno-cellulose powder, including lignin and cellulose in the ratio 1: (1.4-1.6) 0.15-0.2 water up to 1 l