RU2336222C1 - Method of fluids dispensing in tanks - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: after tank charging by gassy fluid and before pressure equalising in the middle and out of tank, fluid in tank is exposed to short-term pneumatic action ("pneumonic impact"). Action is implemented by means of feeding saturation gas under pressure in tank, value of pressure is 1.2...2.9 times more value of fluid pressure at feeding it into tank, and duration is - 1...7 seconds. At usage of mentioned pneumatic impact intensity of gas discharge from fluid right after tank filling considerably decreases.

EFFECT: at the expense of reduction of tank filling duration by gassy fluid it is achieved saturation gas loss saving and dispensing process productivity improvement.

2 cl, 1 dwg, 4 tbl

Description

The method relates to a technology for dispensing liquid products in different containers, including sparkling water and other carbonated drinks in PET bottles.

Closest to the proposed is a method of pouring carbonated liquids into bottles, which involves filling the bottle with a liquid pre-saturated with carbon dioxide. Simultaneously with the filling of the tank in its middle to prevent the loss of saturation gas, counterpressure is created by supplying gas under pressure, the value of which is slightly less than the pressure of the gas dissolved in the bottle. After filling the container, it is left open for some time to equalize the gas pressure in its middle and outside, after which the container is sealed and removed from the machine (SU 967272, class B67C 3/06, publ. 15.10.82). The described method of spill taken as a prototype of the proposed.

When a carbonated liquid is spilled into a container, the filling rate is limited by the time necessary to maintain the necessary degree of liquid saturation with gas. It is known that the amount of gas that escapes from the liquid during filling is proportionally dependent on the rate of filling: the higher the rate of filling, the more gas leaves the liquid during filling the tank and equalizing the gas pressure in its middle and outside (the so-called “boiling” of the liquid saturated with gas). To a certain extent, the gas outlet from the liquid is reduced by creating the aforementioned backpressure. But with an increase in the filling rate, even with backpressure, the gas exit from the liquid is quite intense. For example, it was found that with a decrease in the duration of filling a bottle with a capacity of 1.5 l from 30 sec to 15 sec under the conditions of a counterpressure of 0.03 MPa lower than the filling pressure, the mass fraction (MD) of carbon dioxide in carbonated water decreased from 0.56 to 0.45 g / l, i.e. 20%. High losses of saturation gas not only lead to a deterioration in the quality of carbonated water or drink, but in addition, significantly increase the cost of production. But the support of the required value of the saturation gas MD due to maintaining a significant duration of filling the tank with carbonated liquid limits the productivity of the spill process. The possibility of increasing the productivity of the process by increasing the casting heads is also limited by the permissible dimensions of the machine.

The basis of the invention is the task of creating such conditions of a process for pouring carbonated liquids, in which, at a sufficiently high filling rate, the degree of saturation of the liquid with gas in the tank after filling and clogging would remain quite high. By reducing the filling time, it is possible to significantly increase the productivity of the process without increasing the number of casting heads, and by reducing the gas output from the liquid, it can be reduced.

To solve the problem in a method for filling carbonated liquids in a tank, which includes the operation of filling under pressure with a pre-saturated liquid at the same time as forming backpressure in the tank by supplying saturation gas in its middle under a pressure lower than the filling pressure and balancing the pressures in the middle and outside of the tank by of releasing from it a part of the gas, in accordance with the invention, after filling and before pressure equalization in the middle of the tank and outside, the liquid in the tank is subjected to a short TERM pneumatic impact by supplying in its middle pressurized gas saturation, the magnitude of which in 1,2 ... 2,9 times greater than the filling pressure, and exposure time is 1 ... 7 seconds.

So, at a filling pressure of 0.2 ... 0.3 MPa, it is advisable to take a backpressure value of 0.01 ... 0.03 MPa to take a lower value of the filling pressure, to take the value of the saturation gas pressure during short-term pneumatic action ("air impact") in within 0.35 ... 0.65 MPa, and the exposure duration is 1.5 ... 6.5 sec.

It was revealed that when using the indicated “pneumatic impact”, the intensity of gas exit from the liquid immediately after filling the tank is substantially muffled. In the proposed method, the total filling time (Tsum) of one tank consists of the duration of the liquid filling (Tnap), the duration of pressure equalization (Tvir) of gas in the middle of the tank and outside and the duration of the pneumatic shock (Tpu):

Tsum = Tnap + Twer + Tpu.

Due to the indicated muting of the gas outlet from the liquid during the “pneumatic shock”, despite the fact that in the known method the “pneumatic shock” is absent and Tpu = 0, it is proved that the total filling time in the proposed method is significantly less. For example, it was found that when water saturated with carbon dioxide was spilled into 1.5 L Tsum bottles, for a given MD of saturation gas (0.56 g of CO ₂ per 1 liter of water), it was 1.4 ... 1.6 times less at the implementation of the proposed than the known method without the implementation of "pneumatic shock".

Reducing the total time of filling containers allows you to increase the productivity of the process, and also despite a certain gas flow rate for the implementation of "pneumatic impact" to reduce its total flow rate.

The accompanying drawing shows a block diagram of an implementation of the proposed method.

The method is carried out in this way. A liquid saturated with carbon dioxide or other gas, water for rinsing the containers, and saturation gas enter the tank 1 through a liquid supply line 2 connected to the gas supply line 3 and into the filling head 4. Highways 2 and 3 are connected to the gas distributor 5.

Last connected:

with a tank 6 for water for rinsing containers - highways 7 and 8;

with a tank 9 with compressed air for processing containers 1 after rinsing - line 10. Tube 11 is used to remove air from containers;

with saturator 12 - line 13

and with a tank 14 with compressed carbon dioxide or other saturation gas - gas supply lines 15 for generating pressure when filling with liquid and 16 for pneumatic shock.

The tube 17 is used to release excess gas when equalizing the gas pressure in the filled tank and the external environment. On highways 7, 10, 15 and 16, pressure gauges 18 and check valves 19 are installed.

After supplying the container to the spill position and carrying out preparatory operations — supplying and discharging rinsing water and compressed air from it, the spill process begins. At the first stage, through the lines 13 and 2, liquid pre-saturated in the saturator 12 is supplied under pressure Рнап = 0.2 ... 0.3 MPa to the vessel 12. At the same time, through lines 6 and 3 into the vessel under pressure Рп, the value of which is 0, 01 ... 0.05 MPa lower than Rnap, saturation gas enters to form backpressure. Tank filling begins. The value (Rnap-Rpr) determines the filling rate.

After filling the tank with a gas distributor 5, line 3 switches to a tank with carbon dioxide (or other saturation gas), from which the gas enters under pressure RPu, 1.2 ... 2.9 times greater than in the previous stage, over 1 ... 3 seconds. This is the aforementioned short-term pneumatic effect on the liquid in the tank, or "pneumatic shock".

Then, through gas line 3 and tube 17, excess gas is released for several 1 ... 3 sec, thereby equalizing the pressure in the middle of the tank with the pressure of the outer space. After that, the container is clogged and removed from the machine.

In comparative tests of the proposed and known (adopted as a prototype) methods, bottles with a capacity of 1.5 l were filled with water previously saturated with carbon dioxide in a saturator. The test parameters were as follows:

the value of the filling pressure (Rnap) - 0.2 ... 0.5 MPa;

back pressure value (Rpd) - 0.1 ... 0.4 MPa;

the value of the pressure of "pneumatic shock" (RPU) - 0.23 ... 0.85 MPa;

the duration of the "pneumatic shock" (TPU) - 1 ... 8 sec;

duration of pressure equalization in the middle and outside of the tank (Tvir) - 1 ... 4 sec;

water temperature - 6 ... 12 degrees C.

The norm was the saturation of the liquid with a mass fraction of MD = 0.56 g / l. The total filling time for the compared methods:

Tsum = Tnap + Twer + Tpu.

Moreover, for the known method, RPu = 0, TPU = 0.

For the proposed method, the normative MD CO _{2 was} achieved at Tsum = 20 ... 25 sec with different combinations of parameter values, which were regulated within the above limits. For the known method, the indicated MDCO _{2 was} achieved in 32 ... 35 sec, see table 1-4.

Tab. one Determination of the total duration of filling without pneumatic shock at a water temperature of 6 degrees C Filling pressure, MPa Duration of filling, (TNAP), sec Back pressure MPa Pneumatic pressure impact MPa Duration pneumatic. impact, (TPU), sec Duration of pressure equalization, (Thyr) sec Total filling time (Tsum), sec one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 Measurement 1 0.17 12 0.15 0 0 26 38 Measurement 2 0.2 12 0.18 0 0 22 34 Measurement 3 0.2 12 0.18 0 0 21 33 Measurement 4 0.24 12 0.22 0 0 22 34 Measurement 5 0.26 12 0.24 0 0 22 34 Measurement 6 0.28 12 0.26 0 0 23 35 Measurement 7 0.29 12 0.27 0 0 23 35 Measurement 8 0.4 12 0.38 0 0 24 36 Measurement 9 0.5 12 0.48 0 0 27 39 Measurements were carried out with the initial data: 1. PET bottle capacity - 1.5 L 2. Saturation gas pressure - 0.56 g of CO ₂ per 1 liter of water

Table 2 Determination of the total duration of filling with a pneumatic shock at a water temperature of 6 degrees C Filling pressure, MPa Duration of filling, (TNAP), sec Back pressure, MPa Pneumatic pressure impact MPa Duration pneumatic. impact, (TPU), sec Duration of pressure equalization, (Thyr), sec Total filling time (Tsum), sec one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 Measurement 1 0.17 12 0.15 0.45 one 21 34 Measurement 2 0.2 12 0.18 0.45 2 eighteen 22 Measurement 3 0.2 12 0.18 0.5 3 eighteen 23 Measurement 4 0.24 12 0.21 0.5 5 fifteen 22 Measurement 5 0.26 12 0.23 0.5 6 10 24 Measurement 6 0.28 12 0.25 0.6 7 6 25 Measurement 7 0.29 12 0.26 0.6 8 7 27 Measurement 8 0.4 12 0.37 0.8 8 7 27 Measurement 9 0.5 12 0.47 0.8 5 eleven 28 Measurements were carried out with the initial data: 1. PET bottle capacity - 1.5 L 2. Saturation gas pressure - 0.56 g CO ₂ per 1 liter of water

Table 3 Determination of the total duration of filling with a pneumatic shock, at a water temperature of 12 degrees C Filling pressure, MPa Duration of filling, (TNAP) sec Back pressure, MPa Pneumatic pressure impact MPa Duration pneumatic. impact, (tpu) sec Duration of pressure equalization, (Thyr), sec Total filling time (Tsum), sec one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 Measurement 1 0.17 12 0.15 0.45 2 22 36 Measurement 2 0.2 12 0.18 0.45 2 9 23 Measurement 3 0.2 12 0.18 0.5 3 9 24 Measurement 4 0.24 12 0.21 0.5 5 7 24 Measurement 5 0.26 12 0.23 0.5 6 7 25 Measurement 6 0.28 12 0.25 0.6 7 6 25 Measurement 7 0.29 13 0.26 0.6 8 5 26 Measurement 8 0.4 13 0.37 0.8 8 5 26 Measurement 9 0.5 13 0.47 0.8 6 eleven thirty Measurements were carried out with the initial data: 1. PET bottle capacity - 1.5 L 2. Saturation gas pressure - 0.56 g CO ₂ per 1 liter of water

Table 4 Determination of the total duration of filling with a pneumatic shock, at a water temperature of 13.5 degrees C Filling pressure, MPa Duration of filling, (TNAP), sec Back pressure, MPa Pneumatic pressure MPa Duration pneumatic. impact, (tpu) sec Duration of pressure equalization, (Thyr) sec Total filling time (Tsum), sec one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 Measurement 1 0.17 fourteen 0.15 0.45 2 36 52 Measurement 2 0.2 fourteen 0.18 0.45 2 23 39 Measurement 3 0.2 fourteen 0.18 0.5 3 twenty 37 Measurement 4 0.24 fourteen 0.21 0.5 5 17 36 Measurement 5 0.26 fourteen 0.23 0.5 6 fourteen 34 Measurement 6 0.28 fourteen 0.25 0.6 7 eleven 32 Measurement 7 0.29 fourteen 0.26 0.6 8 7 29th Measurement 8 0.4 fifteen 0.37 0.8 8 7 thirty Measurement 9 0.5 fifteen 0.47 0.8 6 17 36 Measurements were carried out with the initial data: 1. PET bottle capacity - 1.5 L 2. Saturation gas pressure - 0.56 g CO ₂ per 1 liter of water

Claims (2)

1. A method of pouring liquids in a container, including the operation of filling under pressure with a pre-saturated liquid gas simultaneously with the formation of a backpressure in the container by supplying saturation gas in the middle of it with a pressure lower than the filling pressure, and balancing the pressures in the middle and outside of the container by releasing part of it gas, characterized in that after filling and before equalizing the pressure in the middle of the tank and externally, the liquid in the tank is subjected to short-term pneumatic action by feeding chi in the middle of the capacity of the saturation gas under pressure, the magnitude of which is 1.2 ... 2.9 times the magnitude of the filling pressure, and the exposure duration is 1 ... 7 s. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at a filling pressure of 0.2 ... 0.3 MPa, the backpressure is taken at 0.01 ... 0.03 MPa less, the pressure of the saturation gas during short-term pneumatic action is taken within 0.35 ... 0.65 MPa, and the exposure duration is 1.5 ... 6.5 s.