RU2332765C1 - Gust-and-glaze loading telemetry system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics; electricity.

SUBSTANCE: system consists of transmitting unit mounted on transmission tower and is connected to line phase through external resistor to provide data signaling to electric power substation. Line wiring weight load data for icing is received by magnetoelastic ice pickup. Power is supplied to circuit from single-phase transformer. Receiving unit mounted on substation is also connected to line phase through similar resistor. Transmitting unit transfers to substation a series of pulses at frequency of less than 1 Hz, pulse number within this series being determined by thickness of ice on wire, received by receiving unit and displayed on digital indicator.

EFFECT: increased reliability of work and accuracy of measurements.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering and can be used for telemetry of ice-wind load in distribution networks with a voltage of 6-3 5 kV (the need for such systems is due to the presence of icing in the networks of the indicated voltages and there are cases of huge damage when the lines of the specified voltage class are destroyed, which confirmed for example by publications: “The work of power engineers is aimed at the benefit of everyone.” P.V. Kolesnikov, chief engineer of the electric power station, newspaper “Stavropolskaya Pravda”, Wednesday, 30 January 21, 2002, No. 21 (22591). www.stapravda.ru and the Energy Chronograph Magazine, January 2006. mrsk-1.ru.

The existing ice load control system [1] for lines of 110 kV and higher, based on the transmission of a high-frequency signal along the phase of the line, is relatively complex, has less reliability and has a high cost (300-500) thousand rubles. based on one transmitting and one receiving device. The basis of such devices is the use of a high-frequency signal of several hundred kHz and the connection of the receiving and transmitting devices with the phase of the line through a capacitive element [2].

The prototype of the proposed device can be attributed to "Clamp of ice-wind loads", essentially representing a "Clamp direction of the short circuit" (application for invention No. 2005128914/20 (032444) from 09/15/2005. "Clamp direction of the short circuit" / G.R .Gadzhibabaev, R.M. Gaidarov - is under consideration; Innovation in the energy sector. Company Dagenergo, 11/16/05. Www.dagenergo.ru). In this case, in the latter, the PT9 current transducer is replaced with a DGVN24 glaze-wind load sensor, an EZ10 delay element with an I25 logic element, and a linear voltage U _L is supplied to the power supply, and the HE26 logic element is added. In the prototype, as in the proposed device, information is transmitted (about a short circuit or icing) from a portion of the 6-35 kV line.

According to figure 1, the prototype consists of a transmitting device 14, consisting of a sensor of ice-wind loads DGVN24, logic elements I25 and HE26, delay element EZ18, logic element I6, power supply IP13 and resistor R19, and the output of DHVN24 is connected to input I25, to to the other input of which the output HE26 is connected; the I25 output is connected to the input EZ18, the output of which is connected to the I6 input, to the other input of which the information output of the IP13 power source is connected; inputs HE26 and R19 are connected to output I6, and a linear voltage And _{l is} supplied to input IP13; the output R19 is connected to transmission line 2, to which a receiving device 15 is also connected, consisting of a resistor R20, a limiter 16, a low-pass filter LPF21, a notch filter RF22, a logical element I7 and a logical element HE8, a delay element EZ11, a waiting multivibrator EZ23 and an executive element IE17. The transmission line 2 is connected to the input R20 and then a limiter 16, LPF21 and P22 are connected in series; RF22 output is connected to inputs I7 and HE8; elements HE8, EZ23, EZ11 and another input I7 are connected in series; output I7 is connected to input IE17.

If there is a logical 1 icing signal at the output of the DGVN24 and when the line is disconnected, when a logical zero signal occurs at the input HE26, logical 1 signals are sent to both I25 inputs and the EZ18 (standby multivibrator) is triggered. At the output of EZ18, a logical 1 signal appears for a given time interval and a key is opened (logical element I6), thereby the information signal (360 V) is fed to input R19 from the output of IP13. Through the high-voltage resistor R19, this signal enters the transmission line 2 and then to the input R20 of the receiving device 15. From the output R20, the signal is fed to the input of the limiter 16, from the output of which the constant voltage and alternating components induced in the disconnected high-voltage line are fed to the input of the low-pass filter 21. at the output of which the variable components are significantly suppressed. Since a voltage of 50 Hz is induced in 6-35 kV high-voltage lines from nearby high-voltage lines and higher and can reach 50 V in a disconnected line, a notch filter on an operational amplifier is connected to the output of the low-pass filter 21 to prevent false operation of the device, which allows almost completely suppress the component of industrial frequency. From the output of RF22, a constant voltage is supplied to inputs I7 (logical 1) and HE8 (logical 0). Logic 1 appears at the output of HE8 and, after a specified time from the moment the high-voltage voltage is turned off, a logic 1 signal appears at the output of EZ23 and the standby multivibrator EZ11 starts up. Logical signal 1 is held at the output of EZ11 for a given time interval received at I7 input and if there is a logical 1 signal (constant voltage) at another I7 input for this interval from I7 output, logical 1 signal is fed to IE17 (trigger), leading to him. When the high-voltage line is turned on, the input of logic 8 is present at the input HE8 and its logic 0 signal is output through the EZ23 and EZ11 to the I7 input and the state of the IE17 trigger does not change.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the need to disconnect the line for signal transmission to the substation and it also does not allow to track the slew rate of the sleet on the wires of the line, and allows you to record only one value of the gravity of the wire with sleet at the input of DHVN24.

The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device and the accuracy of measurements.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the telemetry system of ice-wind load containing a transmitting device, a sensor of ice-wind load, the first delay element, the first and second logical elements And, a power source, a first resistor, a transmission line, a receiving device, a second resistor, low-pass filter, notch filter, actuator, according to the invention, a rectifier, first and second pulse generators, first and second threshold devices, a second delay element, l a logical OR element, a pulse shaper and a pulse counter, wherein the output of the ice-wind load sensor is connected to the input of the rectifier, the output of which is connected to the input of the first logical element AND, the output of the first pulse generator is connected to its other input; the output of the first AND gate is connected to the inputs of the first and second threshold devices, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the first and second delay elements and their outputs are connected to the two inputs of the OR gate, respectively; the output of the OR gate is connected to the input of the second pulse generator, the output of which is connected to the input of the second AND gate; the output of the second logical element And is connected only to the input of the first resistor, and the output of the second resistor is connected to the input of the low-pass filter; the output of the low-pass filter is additionally connected to the input of the pulse shaper, the output of which is connected to one input of the counter, the output of the notch filter is connected to the other input, and the output of the counter is connected to the input of the actuator.

According to figure 2, the proposed device consists of a transmitting device 14, which includes a sensor of ice-wind load DGVN24, rectifier B27, pulse generator GI28, logic element I25, threshold devices PU29 and PU30, delay elements EZ18 and EZ31, logic element OR32, generator GI33 pulses, IP13 power supply, I6 logic element and R19 resistor, and the DGVN24 output is connected to the V27 input, and the V27 and GI28 outputs are connected to the I25 inputs, respectively; output I25 is connected to inputs PU29 and PU30 and their outputs are connected to inputs EZ18 and EZ31, respectively; the outputs EZ18 and EZ31 are connected to the inputs of OR32, and its output is connected to the input of GI33; GI33 and IP13 outputs are connected to I6 inputs, the output of which is connected to R19. The output of the transmitting device 14 (R19) is connected to the input of the transmission line 2, the output of which is connected to the input of the receiving device 15, which includes the resistor R20, a low-pass filter low-pass filter 21, a notch filter RF22, a pulse shaper FI34, counter Sch35 and an actuator IE17, and the output R20 is connected to the input of the low-pass filter 21, the output of which is connected to the inputs of the RF22 and FI34; the outputs of the RF22 and FI34 are connected to the information input and the reset input of SCH35, respectively, and the output of SCh35 is connected to the input of IE17.

The operation of the telemetry system of ice-wind load according to figure 2 and figure 3 is as follows.

The gravity force P of the phase wire with ice and wind load acts on the DGVN24 input, and an alternating electric signal proportional to the indicated force is released at the sensor output, and then at the output of the rectifier B27 the alternating voltage is converted to a constant U _P. Figure 3 shows the different values of P for three time intervals. GI28 generator continuously outputs the pulses (to be borne in mind that over the interval 0-t _1, t ₂ -t _3, t ₄ -t ₅ GI28 stacked several periods of the signal) and when a positive value opens gate I25 (key) and the inputs PU29 and PU30 receives a signal U _P. At the output of PU29, a logical 1 signal is allocated if an analog signal U _P located in the interval between the values of U _P1 and U _P2 according to Fig. 3 acts at its input, and therefore, at the time t ₇ , a logical 1 signal appears at the output of PU29 and is triggered EZ18 (standby multivibrator) with an interval of operation t ₇ -t ₁₁ , proportional to the level Up at this interval, which, through the OR32 element, triggers the GI33 with a logical 1 U _{ЖМ1 signal} . At the GIZZ output, a series of Ur pulses appears, determined by the interval t ₇ -t _{11 of} the EZ18 operation. Constant voltage (360 V) IP13, supplied to input I6 (key), passes to its output per cycle with pulses at its other input, and then this pulse voltage with a level of 360 V is supplied to R19 and then through transmission line 2 to the input of the receiving devices i.e. to the input of the resistor R20. The pulse voltage coming from the output of R20 is filtered by low-pass filter 21, suppressing the industrial frequency voltage, and then a reset pulse is generated at the output of FI34 to update the counter. In RF22, an additional suppression of the industrial frequency component occurs and pulses are counted by a counter with a U _MF value, and the number of pulses proportional to the weight load at the DGVN24 input is displayed on the IE17 digital indicator. When the weight load changes in the interval t ₄ -t _5, similarly to PU29, PU30 is triggered and ultimately the number of pulses calculated by Sch35 in the interval t ₉ -t ₁₂ will be proportional to the value of U _P in the interval t ₄ -t ₅ . Obviously, with an increase in the number of parallel-connected chains similar to PU30 - EZ31, it is possible to increase the number of measured levels of weight load P at the inlet of DGVN24 and we can draw a conclusion about the rate of increase in the thickness of ice on the line wires for timely preparation of the ice melting scheme.

A feature of the circuit is a sufficiently large inertia of the information signal transmission path. In the circuit, with the values of resistors R2 and R20 equal to 6 mOhm taking into account the inertia of the low-pass filter 21, for sufficiently suppressing interference in the form of an industrial frequency voltage and for efficient transmission of the information signal, it is necessary to select a GI33 frequency of less than 1 Hz. A single-phase transformer with a power of 30-50 W can be used to power the transmission device circuit, and a 220 V - 10 kV transformer with approximate dimensions of 200 × 150 × 100 mm was assembled for laboratory research. The estimated cost of a device with one transmitting and one receiving device is 30 thousand rubles.

Literature

1. Information systems for monitoring ice loads on overhead lines / A. Dyakov, I. Levchenko, A. Zasypkin and others: // Energetik. - 2005. - No. 11. - S.20-25.

2. Fedoseev A.M. Relay protection of electric power systems. Relay protection of networks: Textbook. Manual for universities. - M .: Energoatomizdat, 1984, p. 38-40.

Claims (1)

A system for measuring ice-wind load containing a transmitting device, a sensor of ice-wind load, a first delay element, a first and second logic elements AND, a power source, a first resistor, a transmission line, a receiving device, a second resistor, a low-pass filter, a notch filter, an actuator, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of operation and accuracy of measurements, a rectifier, first and second pulse generators, first and second threshold devices are additionally introduced into it roystva second delay element, an OR gate, the pulse generator and a pulse counter, the icing and wind load sensor output is connected to the rectifier input, the output of which is connected to the input of the first AND gate, the other input of which is connected an output of first pulse generator; the output of the first AND gate is connected to the inputs of the first and second threshold devices, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the first and second delay elements and their outputs are connected to the two inputs of the OR gate, respectively; the output of the OR gate is connected to the input of the second pulse generator, the output of which is connected to the input of the second AND gate; the output of the second logical element And is connected only to the input of the first resistor, and the output of the second resistor is connected to the input of the low-pass filter; the output of the low-pass filter is additionally connected to the input of the pulse shaper, the output of which is connected to one input of the counter, the output of the notch filter is connected to the other input, and the output of the counter is connected to the input of the actuator.

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