RU2330756C1 - Automatic machine for manufacture of consumable patterns by injection molding - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to device of substances extrusion in granulated condition with application of heating and cooling, and is used mainly in casting works for manufacture of consumable patterns from foaming polystyrene and may be used for production of thermal insulators, package, different fillers and various items with low volume density in different industries. Automatic machine for manufacture of consumable patterns by injection molding contains base, on which two fixed power brackets are mounted, on one of which one of semi-press molds is installed with inbuilt temperature detectors and injection devices. Injection devices communicate with bunker for raw materials, from which patterns are manufactured, and with air injection manifold. On the second fixed bracket pneumatic cylinder is mounted with air manifold and pneumatic distributor of automatic machine control system control, the stem of which is connected to movable plate that is moved along guides, which lock the fixed brackets between each other. The second semi-press mold is mounted on the movable plate. Semi-press molds communicate to manifolds of air, steam and water and pneumatic locks with pneumatic distributors of control from automatic machine control system. Novelty in automatic machine design is installation of mechanisms of forced dropping of molded patterns from mold-producing cavities of semi-press molds with detectors of position of the latter in respect to molding plates of semi-press molds, which are connected to control system. Mechanism of molded patterns dropping is made in the form of movable diaphragm, which is mounted in internal cavity of every semi-press mold, which necessary number of pushers installed on them for every mold-producing cavity of semi-press mold and guides, for which through openings are made in mold-producing plates of semi-press molds. Guides of every semi-press molds diaphragms are joined with each other by means of ball lock, which is made in the form of cylindrical opening with annular bore in one of the guides and hollow stem that interacts with it with radial stepwise openings, in which balls are installed of the second guide. Balls contact with spring-loaded hollow bushing, in which rod with clamp and threaded end is axially mounted, on which conical tip is installed by thread with bore for alignment along internal cavity of stem for adjustment of ball lock actuation force during full opening of semi-press molds.

EFFECT: provides automatic forced dropping of molded parts from mold-producing cavities of semi-press molds and automation of patterns manufacture work.

9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for molding substances in a granular state using heating and cooling, and is mainly used in the metallurgical and engineering industries for the manufacture of gasified models, in particular, from expandable polystyrene in foundry, as well as various fillers, thermal insulators, packaging containers and other various products of low bulk density for various sectors of the economy.

A device is known - a mold for injection molding according to the application of Japan No. 63-304212, MKI 5 V2945 / 34, containing two molds and a device for removing air from the molding cavities.

A device for injection molding according to the application of Japan No. 2-328266, "Inventions of the world", issue 24 No. 12/98, p. 32.

A known semiautomatic device for the manufacture by injection molding of gasified models according to the application for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2000111337 (MKI 7 V29C 44 \ 02), which, according to the authors, can be taken as a prototype.

Known semiautomatic device for the manufacture of injection molding gasified models has a base on which is mounted motionlessly one of the semi-molds with injection devices.

Injection devices communicate with the hopper for the raw materials from which the models are made, and with an air injection line with a pressure regulator.

An arm with a power pneumatic cylinder is mounted on the frame, connected to the fixed semi-press-form guides.

The rod of the pneumatic cylinder is connected to a second half-press form mounted movably on rails connecting the fixed half-press form to the power bracket.

Semi-press molds have separate lines: air with non-return valves, water and steam with valves and pneumatic locks, pressure alarms.

The semiautomatic device also contains an air line with pneumatic control valves for the pneumatic cylinder, injection devices and a control system.

Semi-press molds have devices for removing air from the forming cavities in the form of vents.

A well-known semiautomatic device for the application for invention No.2000111337 works as follows.

Foamed polystyrene granules after closing the semi-molds by injection devices are fed from the hopper and, together with the air flow, enter the mold-forming cavities of the semi-molds.

After filling the granules of the forming cavities, the semi-molds are heated with dry steam. Semi-press molds are heated with alternating opening and closing of the condensate discharge line.

After sintering the polystyrene foam granules to stabilize the geometric dimensions of the molded product, the half-press molds are cooled with water by supplying cold water to the half-press molds, while the condensate discharge line is open.

After cooling the semi-molds, the control system of the semiautomatic device gives a command to the pneumatic valves of the power cylinder, the rod of the power cylinder retracts and opens the half-mold.

After drying the semi-molds, the control system sends a signal to the pneumatic distributor of the pneumatic cylinder, the rod of which drives the movable semi-mold.

The half-press form moves along the guides until it closes with the fixed half-press form. Next, the cycle repeats.

In known devices, the molded gasified models remaining in the forming cavities are removed after opening the semi-molds manually or by applying a portion of compressed air to the forming cavity of the semi-mold.

The well-known machine according to the application for invention No.2000111337 (MKI 7 V29C 44/02) cannot work in an automatic cycle, because the removal of the formed models with compressed air from the forming cavities of the half-press mold does not have adequate reliability, very often the formed model remains in the forming cavity without extraction. An increase in the duration and pressure of the compressed air supply for removing the molded part from the forming cavity leads to damage to some molded models due to the high kinetic energy acquired by them upon separation, when they collide against each other and on the semiautomatic metal structure and at the same time does not guarantee the removal of molded models from all forming cavities of semi-molds.

After each cycle of the semi-automatic operation, the operator is forced to visually control the release of the forming cavities of the semi-mold from the formed models and, as necessary, manually remove the models from the semi-mold remaining in the forming cavities.

The known injection mold for polymer products according to USSR author's certificate No. 1500001 (MKI 4 V29C 39/36) is free from this drawback, in which the ejectors and the mechanism for dropping the molded products are made in the form of a spring-loaded axial displacement ejector-ejector, to the end of which is axially attached stock.

The opposite end of the stem is pointed, notched along the axis to form the petals, and is configured to enter the petals into the openings of the base of the mold and exit from it with increased force.

The use of this technical solution is possible only when molding products in which there are through holes through which force can be exerted on the end of the ejector by an emphasis-holder when closing the semi-press molds.

The present invention solves the problem of automatically forcibly dropping (removing) molded models from the forming cavities of the semi-molds and, therefore, automating the work of manufacturing models.

To obtain such a technical result, in the inventive design of the machine in the semi-press molds, mechanisms of forced dropping of the formed models are built-in.

Forced reset mechanisms interact with the position sensors of the control system.

Distinctive features of the proposed machine for the manufacture of gasified models by injection molding, hereinafter referred to as the machine, from the above known closest to it, is the discharge mechanism in the form of movable diaphragms with the necessary number of ejectors mounted on them for each forming cavity and guides.

The machine for the manufacture of gasified models by injection molding contains a base on which two fixed power brackets are mounted, one of which has one of the half-molds with built-in temperature sensors and injection devices that communicate with the raw material hopper and with the air injection line. Of the latter, models are made. A pneumatic cylinder is installed on the second fixed bracket, the rod of which is connected to a movable plate on which another half-press form is mounted. The latter moves along the guides that close the fixed brackets to each other. Air lines connected to the semi-press forms of the air, steam and water lines, and pneumatic shutters with pneumatic control valves for pneumatic cylinders, pneumatic shutters and a control system. Semi-press molds are equipped with mechanisms for dropping molded models from forming cavities of semi-press molds, made in the form of movable diaphragms with the necessary number of ejectors mounted on them for each forming cavity and with guides. For the guides in the forming plates, through holes are made, interacting with each other by means of a ball lock made in the form of a cylindrical hole with an annular groove in the guide of one of the forming plates and the hollow rod interacting with it. The mating guide of the second forming plate is made with radial stepped holes in which the balls are placed in contact with the spring-loaded hollow sleeve. An axially mounted rod with a collar and a threaded end is mounted in the sleeve. A tapered tip with a groove for centering along the inner cavity of the rod is mounted at the end of the thread. There are also position sensors for the control system of the automatic machine for touching the diaphragms of the dropping mechanisms with the forming plates of the semi-press molds.

In the forming plates, through holes for ejectors and guides are made.

The guides of the moving diaphragms of each half-press mold interact with each other by means of a ball lock with an adjustable gripping force.

The ball lock is made in the form of a cylindrical hole with an annular groove in the guide of the movable diaphragm of one of the semi-molds and the hollow rod of the mating guide of the movable diaphragm of the second semi-mold that interacts with it.

Radial stepped openings are made in the hollow stem, in which balls are placed in contact with the spring-loaded hollow bushing. An axial shaft is mounted in the hollow sleeve with a collar, covering the spring end face, and with a threaded end, on which a tapered tip with a groove is mounted along the thread for centering along the inner cavity of the rod.

The distinguishing features of the proposed machine also include the presence of sensors for the touch control system of the movable diaphragms of the mechanisms for forcibly dropping the formed models with the corresponding forming plate.

Due to the presence of these signs, when the machine operates, forced automatic removal of all formed models without mechanical damage is ensured, damage to the forming cavities of the semi-press molds during repeated work cycles without the participation of an operator - worker, i.e. reliable automatic operation during operation is provided.

The proposed machine is illustrated by the drawings shown in figures 1-9.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the machine with schematic diagrams of air lines. The semi-press molds are open. The mechanism of forced dropping of the formed models in the initial state.

Figure 2 shows a General view of the machine with schematic diagrams of air lines. Semi-press forms are closed. The mechanism of forced dropping of the formed models in the final position.

The machine contains a base 1, a fixed bracket 2, on which one of the semi-molds 3 is fixed, a fixed bracket 4 with a pneumatic cylinder 5 (Figs. 1 and 2), the rod of which is connected to the movable plate 6.

Fixed brackets 2 and 4 are closed between each other by guides 7 (Fig.1, 2).

A movable plate 6 is mounted on the guides 7, on which a second half-mold 8 is mounted (Figs. 1, 2, 3).

In the internal cavities of the semi-molds 3 and 8 (FIG. 3), diaphragms 9 are mounted on which the required number of ejectors 10 for each moldable model 11 (FIGS. 5, 6) are installed in the forming cavity 58.

In the drawings, as a forming cavity 58, a half-mold with a variable depth is shown (FIGS. 5 and 6).

Guides 12 are mounted on one of the diaphragms 9, and guides 13 on the other (Figs. 3, 5 and 6).

In the forming plates 14 and 15 of the semi-molds 3 and 8, respectively, through holes for the ejectors 10 and the guides 12 and 13 are made (FIGS. 5 and 6).

In the guide 12 of the diaphragm 9 (6 and 7), a cylindrical hole M is made with an annular groove A and a width K.

The guide 13 of the diaphragm 9 of the semi-mold 3 (Fig.6 and 7) is made in the form of a hollow rod, in which there are radial stepped holes in which the balls 16 are placed, which are in contact with the hollow spring sleeve 17 (Fig.7).

The sleeve 17 with a spring 18 is placed in the inner cavity of the hollow rod.

Through the spring 18 and the sleeve 17 axially passed the rod 19 with a shoulder, interacting with the spring 18, and the threaded end (Fig.7).

A tapered tip 20 with a cylindrical groove for centering along the inner cavity of the rod of the guide 13 (Fig. 7) is mounted on the rod 19 by thread.

On the forming plates 14 and 15, sensors 21 are installed with communication lines 22 of the control system 23 of the machine (FIGS. 5, 6, 1), interacting with the diaphragms 9 with mutual touch (FIG. 6).

The machine contains a hopper 24, blowing devices 25 with injection lines 26 and air lock 27, control lines 28, blowing devices 25 with a distributor 29, line 30 with a distributor 31 (Fig.1 and 2).

Semi-press molds 3 and 8 when closed to each other are sealed by means of a sealing element 32 (figure 4).

The fixed half-press mold 3 contains a steam line 34 (Fig. 8) with a pneumatic lock 35 and a distributor 36 for controlling the air lock 35, a water pipe 37 with a pneumatic lock 38 and a distributor 39, an air pipe 40 with a pneumatic lock 41 and a distributor 42, a condensate discharge pipe 43 s pneumatic lock 44 and dispenser 45 (Fig.8).

The directional valves 36, 39, 42 and 45 are electrically connected to the control system 23.

The movable half-press mold 8 (Figs. 1, 2, 9) contains a steam line 46 with an air lock 47 and a distributor 48, a water line 49 with an air lock 50 and a distributor 51, an air line 52 with an air lock 53 and a distributor 54, a condensate discharge line 55 s air lock 56 and distributor 57.

The directional valves 48, 51, 54 and 57 are electrically connected to the control system 23 (Fig.9).

On the surface of the semi-mold 3, forming cavities 58 are made, repeating the configuration of the molded products, and air channels (“vents”) 59 are made in them (Fig. 9). Temperature sensors 60 (Fig. 8) are mounted in the internal cavities of the semi-molds 3 and 8 on the forming plates 14 and 15.

The machine works as follows.

The control system 23 according to a predetermined program supplies an electrical signal at the beginning of the cycle to the distributor 31, through which compressed air is supplied to the pneumatic cylinder 5 (Figs. 1 and 2).

The rod of the pneumatic cylinder 5 drives the plate 6 with the semi-mold 8 to the semi-mold 3.

In the closing zone of the semi-molds 8 and 3, the conical tip 20 begins to enter the cylindrical hole M of the guide 12 (Fig.6 and 7).

With further movement of the plate 6 with the half-press form 8 (Fig. 1), the balls 16 (Fig. 7) abut against the end of the mating guide 12 and the diaphragm 9 of the half-press forms 3 and 8 begin to move relative to the half-press forms 3 and 8 in opposite directions from appropriate forming surfaces.

With the full closing of the semi-molds 3 and 8 (Fig. 3), the balls 16 enter the groove K (Fig. 7) of the guide 12, overcoming the pressing force of the sleeve 17 (Fig. 7), and the diaphragm 9 of the semi-molds occupy the positions shown in figure 3 and 5.

Pushers 10 mounted on the diaphragms 9 occupy the positions depicted in Fig.5.

With full force closure, the half-press molds 3 and 8 are sealed together (Fig. 4) by means of a seal 32.

When semi-molds 3 and 8 are closed, the control system 23 supplies an electric signal to the distributor 29, and compressed air is supplied through the line 28 to the rod cavities of the blower devices 25. At the same time, the control system 23 supplies a signal to the distributor 27, and the compressed air is supplied through the line 26 blowing device 25 (figure 2).

Compressed air passing through the blowing device 25 carries the molding material (granules) from the hopper 24 (FIG. 2) into the forming cavities 58 of the closed semi-molds 3 and 8 (FIG. 9).

Upon receipt of the granules in the forming cavity 58 (FIGS. 5 and 9), air is removed through the channels and slots 59 made for this purpose in the semi-molds 3 and 8 (FIGS. 8 and 9).

After filling the forming cavities 58 with granules from which the models are made, the control system 23 sends a signal to the distributors 27 and 29 (Figs. 1 and 2).

Compressed air is supplied through the line 26 to the piston cavities of the blowing devices 25, while the supply of compressed air through the line 28 to the blowing devices 25 is stopped.

The supply of granules into the forming cavity 58 (Fig.9) is stopped, the blowing device 25 is locked.

At the same time, the control system 23 sends a signal to the distributors 36 and 48 to control the air locks 35 and 47, respectively (Figs. 8 and 9), which open the lines 34 and 46, respectively, for supplying steam to the semi-molds 3 and 8 (Figs. 8 and 9) to warm them up.

The heating temperature of the semi-molds is controlled by the temperature sensor 60 of the control system 23.

There is a "sintering" (molding) of models. After “sintering” the models, it is necessary to perform thermal stabilization to preserve their geometric dimensions and shape.

Thermostabilization is carried out by rapid cooling. For this, the semi-molds 3 and 8 are water cooled.

For cooling, the control system 23 provides a signal to the distributors 45 and 57 (Fig. 8 and 9) of the air locks 44 and 56.

Water enters the cavities of the semi-molds 3 and 8 (Figs. 8 and 9) and cools them and then goes through the lines 43 and 55 of the condensate drain and the air locks 44 and 56 to drain.

The cooling of the semi-molds 3 and 8 is also controlled by the temperature sensor 60 of the control system 23.

After the end of the cooling mode, the control system 23 supplies an electric signal to the distributor 31, the compressed air enters the rod cavity of the pneumatic cylinder 5 (Figs. 1 and 2), the rod of which begins to move the plate 6 to open the semi-molds 3 and 8.

When you open the semi-molds 3 and 8 of the diaphragm 9 with the pushers 10 and the guides 12 and 13 also come into motion (figure 3 and 5).

With further opening of the semi-molds 3 and 8 of the diaphragm 9 occupy the position shown in Fig.6. Further, when moving the plate 6, the balls 16 exit the annular groove A of the guide 12, overcoming the preload force of the sleeve 17 (Fig.7).

The guides 12 and 13 (FIGS. 5 and 6) open.

Before opening the guides 12 and 13 with the ejectors 10, the formed models 11 (Fig. 6) are removed from the forming cavities 58 and discharged (Figs. 6 and 1).

The diaphragms 9, when the guides are completely open, interact with the sensors 21. At this point, the machine’s operation cycle ends and a command is issued to restart the new (next) operation cycle.

The inventive design of the machine for the manufacture of injection molding of gasified models allows reliably forcibly automating the removal of molded models from the forming cavities of the semi-press molds without the participation of a working operator, which significantly reduces the auxiliary time for removing the molded products and starting a second cycle of equipment operation.

On the machine of the claimed design, design documentation was developed and a decision was made to manufacture a prototype.

Claims (1)

An automatic machine for the production of gasified models by injection molding, containing a base on which two fixed power brackets are mounted, one of which has one of the half-press molds with built-in temperature sensors and injection devices that communicate with the hopper for the raw materials from which the models are made, and air injection line, and on the second fixed bracket a pneumatic cylinder is installed, the rod of which is connected to a movable plate on which another half-press is mounted a frame moving along the guides closing the fixed brackets to each other, connected to the semi-press molds of the air, steam and water lines, and air locks, air lines with pneumatic control valves of the pneumatic cylinders, pneumatic locks and a control system, characterized in that the half-press molds are equipped with mechanisms for dropping molded models from mold-forming cavities of semi-molds made in the form of movable diaphragms with the necessary number of ejectors mounted on them for each mold-forming cavities and guides for it, for which through holes are made in the forming plates, interacting with each other by means of a ball lock made in the form of a cylindrical hole with an annular groove in the guide of one of the forming plates and a hollow rod interacting with it, mating the guide of the second forming plate, with radial stepped holes in which balls are placed in contact with a spring-loaded hollow sleeve in which an axially mounted rod with a shoulder and a threaded end is mounted ohm, on which a conical tip with a groove for centering along the inner cavity of the rod is mounted on the thread, and position sensors of the control system of the automatic machine for touching the diaphragms of the resetting mechanisms with forming plates of semi-molds.

Images