RU2329751C2 - Armoured helmet out of polymer composites - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: personal items, clothing.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to army requisites and outfits, to development of security facilities and can be used for fabricating of armoured helmets out of laminar polymer composite materials such as organoplastics. An armoured helmet made out of polymer composites contains layers of an exterior shell out of, for example, aramid fabric soaked with a polymer binder, hard alloy curvilinear and flat alternate insertions and layers of an interior shell layers similar to exterior layers. The insertions are made out of elementary cells secured to each other and to shells with glue chemically compatible with the shell binder. The insertions are made out of isotropic material, for example, out of ceramic. The thickness of cells corresponds to a caliber of the basic damaging element. Linear dimension of the cell exceeds its double thickness by 1.5-1.7 times.

EFFECT: creation of a helmet of upgraded reliability.

2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of weapons and equipment, to the development of protective equipment and can be used for the manufacture of armored helmets from layered polymer composite materials, for example organoplastics.

Known as a bulletproof helmet according to DE 2938355 dated 04/09/81, IPC ⁷ A42B 3/06.

Known multi-layer armored helmet according to WO 9737553 from 10.16.97, IPC ⁷ A42B 3/08.

Known multi-layer armor with curved inserts according to US 2006064798 from 03.30.2006, IPC ⁷ A42B 3/00.

Known multi-layer armor with curved inserts according to RU 2235963 from 05/05/2003, IPC ⁷ A42B 3/00.

Known multi-layer armor with curved inserts according to US 3055012 from 09.25.62, IPC ⁷ A42B 3/00.

Known multi-layer armored helmet with carbide curved inserts according to GB 579422 from 02.08.46, IPC ⁷ A42B 3/00.

Known bulletproof helmet made of polymer composites with carbide curved inserts according to RU 2003113089 A dated 05.05.2003, IPC ⁷ A42B 3/00.

Also known broneshlem of polymer composites with carbide inserts curved or ploskoperemennymi of DE 2020050024444 U of 21.04.2005, MPK ⁷ A42V 1/08.

A disadvantage of the known device is the low reliability of its operation with low survivability (a given number of hits per unit area without loss of protective properties) due to the loss or significant decrease in protective properties from the impact of the striking element on the monolithic carbide insert immediately over the entire protective surface. In addition, reliability is reduced due to adverse wave processes when a damaging element acts on a carbide insert. Studies have established that the damage zone under such an impact is a circle with a radius corresponding to the thickness of the material. With such an impact, a wave of critical deformations (stresses) passes through an array of isotropic material in an array of spall cone with a diameter on the back surface approximately equal to the double thickness of the insert, and a reflected wave propagates back from the back surface to the front surface, thus at acting stresses exceeding permissible for the insert material, the material suffers damage up to destruction both in the array of action of the forward and backward waves, the degree of attenuation of which depends on quality of contact and material in contact with the back surface of the insert. Also, the reliability of the helmet is reduced with poor-quality pasting of the insert due to the mismatch of its curvature with the curvature of the contacting surfaces of the helmet on a large contact area of the monolithic insert. In addition, the disadvantages include low adaptability due to the complex configuration of the inserts.

Known as a bulletproof helmet as the closest in technical essence and the achieved result is selected as a prototype.

The technical problem to be solved by the claimed invention is directed is the development of an armored helmet of increased reliability. The technical result that can be obtained by solving the technical problem is to increase the reliability of the helmet wearing by increasing survivability, reducing the degree of damage to the carbide insert from the influence of the backward wave while optimizing the contact of the back surface of the insert with backwater, and also by improving the quality of the adhesive joint of the insert with the contacting surfaces of the helmet and, in addition, to increase the manufacturability of the design.

The problem with the achievement of the technical result is solved due to the fact that the bulletproof helmet made of polymer composites contains layers of the outer shell of, for example, aramid fabric impregnated with a polymeric binder, hard-alloy curved or plane alternating inserts and, similar to the outer ones, layers of the inner shell. In accordance with the invention, the inserts are made of unit cells bonded to each other and to the shells with glue chemically compatible with the binder of the shells, each cell being made with a minimum linear size exceeding its double thickness. An epoxy-containing binder was used for the shells, while elastic glue based on a synthetic elastomer, for example, polyurethane SKU PFL, was used to attach the cells. The cells are square and staggered or in the shape of a regular hexagon.

Distinctive features are the following:

- the inserts are made of unit cells bonded to each other and to the shells with glue chemically compatible with the binder of the shells - the sign is significant, provides for the presence of a new element and a new mutual arrangement of elements, aimed at solving the problem with achieving a technical result, which consists in increasing the reliability of work for due to increased survivability when exposed to a damaging element and a decrease or loss of protective properties by only one or several cells, and not the entire insert, and also due to t improve the quality of gluing cells while minimizing mismatch of their curvature with the curvature of the contact surfaces on the Armed helms at the contact area;

- each cell is made with a minimum linear size exceeding its double thickness - an essential sign, provides a new ratio of sizes, is aimed at solving the problem with the achievement of a technical result, which consists in improving the reliability by increasing the survivability when exposed to a damaging element and reducing or losing protective properties of only one or more cells, and not the entire insert, since the affected area of the insert is made of carbide isotropic material, such as ceramic, predelyayuschayasya wave processes, has approximately the shape of a cone (spall) with a maximum diameter of approximately twice the thickness of the insert, the data obtained by the enterprise of the applicant studies and see. article V.A.Borisova "Areas of lesions in the composite armor panels." Questions of defense technology. Series 15. - 2002. - Issue 3 (129), abstracts of the YIII international conference "The latest trends in the design and use of ballistic materials and protective equipment" September 15-16, 2005, Khotkovo, Moscow Region;

- an epoxy-containing binder was used for the shells, and elastic glue based on a synthetic elastomer, for example, SKU PFL polyurethane, was used for fastening the cells - a significant feature, provides a new relationship between objects, aimed at solving the problem with achieving a technical result, which consists in improving the reliability of work by reducing the degree of damage to the carbide insert from the action of a backward wave when optimizing the contact of the back surface of the insert with a backwater and reducing fuss repenting deformations (acting stresses) to values less than destructive, as well as reducing the degree of damage to neighboring cells and increasing, thereby, the survivability of the helmet;

- cells are made square and arranged in a checkerboard pattern or in the shape of a regular hexagon - an essential sign, provides for a new shape of the elements and a new size ratio, is aimed at solving the problem with the achievement of a technical result, which consists in improving the reliability of the work by improving the quality of gluing cells and reducing the degree of damage to neighboring cells, as well as to increase the manufacturability of the design.

These distinctive features are significant, since each individually and all together are aimed at solving the problem with the achievement of a technical result. The use of a single set of essential distinguishing features in the known solutions was not found, which characterizes the conformity of the technical solution to the criterion of "novelty."

A single set of new essential features with common known provides a solution to the problem with the achievement of the technical result and characterizes the proposed technical solution with significant differences compared with the prior art and analogues. This technical solution is the result of research and experimental work to increase the reliability of the helmet and the manufacturability of their manufacture without the use of well-known design solutions, recommendations, materials and is non-obvious, which indicates its compliance with the criterion of "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a General view of the helmet, figure 2 is a longitudinal section of the helmet, figure 3 is a longitudinal section of the helmet on the cells, figure 4 is the location of the cells, figure 5 is a variant of the location cells, Fig.6 is a longitudinal section of a cell during its interaction with the damaging element.

An armored helmet 1 made of polymer composites contains layers of the outer shell 2 of, for example, aramid fabric impregnated with a polymer binder, hard-alloy curvilinear or plane-variable inserts 3 and, similar to the outer ones, layers of the inner shell 4. The inserts 3 are made of unit cells 5, bonded to each other and with shells 2 and 4 with adhesive 6, chemically compatible with the binder of the shells 2 and 4, and each cell 5 is made with a minimum linear size of 7, exceeding its double thickness 8. For shells 2 and 4 an epoxy-containing binder is used more, and for fixing the cells, elastic glue 6 based on a synthetic elastomer, for example, polyurethane SKU PFL, was used. Cells 5 are square and staggered or in the shape of a regular hexagon.

An embodiment of the armored helmet is that the outer shell 2 is a carrier on which all armored elements are mounted, the inner shell 4 is a support for armored inserts 3 made of ceramic constant curvature and square configuration of cells 5, and also performs bearing functions. The thickness of 8 cells 5 corresponds to the caliber of the main striking element 9, and the linear size 7 exceeds the double thickness of 8 by 1.5-1.7 times. To facilitate the helmet, cells 5 are located in the areas of its most likely damage - frontal and parietal.

It works with a helmet 1 as follows. When the damaging element 9 interacts with the protection elements, the outer shell 2 is overcome, the armored insert 3 gets damaged in the zone of action of a direct wave of critical deformations (a cone with a base diameter of 10 equal to double thickness 9). In this case, the effect of the reflected wave is significantly attenuated due to the optimization of the backwater material (inner shell 4) and the adhesive joint 6. The damaging element 9 breaks into fragments 11 when passing through the array of cells 5 of insert 3, loses a significant part of its energy and stops in the backing layers 4. Together at the same time, due to wave damping by the material of adhesive joints 6, only one cell 5 and, possibly, several neighboring ones are damaged, and the main array of the insert remains without damage, which confirms a high survivability be Armed helms.

Thus, the use of the invention will allow you to create a high-tech design of the helmet with increased reliability, which confirms this use for its intended purpose. The feasibility of the invention is confirmed by the positive test results of the helmet, the development and manufacture of which are completely based on the description. In this regard, the new technical solution also meets the criterion of "industrial applicability", i.e. level of invention.

Claims (2)

1. An armor helmet made of polymer composites containing layers of the outer shell of, for example, aramid fabric impregnated with a polymer binder, hard-alloy curved or plane-variable inserts and similar to the outer layers of the inner shell, the inserts are made of unit cells bonded to each other and to the shells by glue, chemically compatible with the binder of the shells, characterized in that the inserts are made of isotropic material, such as ceramics, with a minimum linear cell size exceeding their double thickness, which the first corresponds to the caliber of the main striking element, by 1.5-1.7 times, and for their fastening, elastic glue based on a synthetic elastomer, for example, injection polyurethane, was used. 2. The armor helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that the cells are square and staggered.

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