RU2328415C2 - Maneuverable high-altitude airplane with onboard oxygen generation system and oxygen units of ejection crew seats - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aviation.

SUBSTANCE: invention concerns oxygen systems of aircrafts and ejection seats. Maneuverable high-altitude airplane with onboard oxygen generation system and oxygen units of ejection crew seats features power plant, takeoff and landing unit, controls and instruments, glider with insulated crew cabin, ejecting seat, oxygen system including onboard oxygen generation system and oxygen unit, emergency oxygen unit of ejection seat attached to the seat. The emergency oxygen unit includes seat oxygen system switch and autonomous oxygen source connected to the oxygen unit by a tube passing through a service umbilical and installed in a compartment with casing (12) in the seat. Oxygen unit of ejection seat is equipped with chemical oxygen generator (8) featuring outlet choke and launching device. The compartment in the seat has heat-shielding cover (13). The tube between oxygen generator and service umbilical has a safety valve.

EFFECT: improved reliability of emergency oxygen supply for the crew.

2 dwg

Description

The field of technology.

The invention relates to aviation, and in particular to the life support systems of crews of high-altitude aircraft, more specifically to the oxygen systems of aircraft and ejected seats, and can be used to increase combat efficiency and improve operational characteristics while reducing the mass of maneuverable aircraft: fighters, attack aircraft, interceptors.

The level of technology.

Known oxygen systems designed to provide pilots of high-speed high-altitude maneuverable aircraft.

Known highly maneuverable high-altitude aircraft with the oxygen system of the ejection seat crew of the aircraft company "OKB Sukhoi." The aircraft includes an onboard oxygen system, an oxygen supply seat system, an onboard supply of gaseous oxygen (usually in oxygen tanks) and oxygen masks. The on-board set of oxygen equipment is used as an emergency means of supplying oxygen to the crew during the descent to a safe height and briefly at heights to the practical ceiling when ejecting with automatic switching to oxygen supply from the oxygen equipment block of the chair with balloon oxygen. In this case, oxygen cylinders are connected through oxygen devices to oxygen masks and to the chambers of the tension device of the high-altitude compensating suit by means of a series-connected oxygen valve, oxygen reducer, pressure switch, flow regulator, and the low-pressure cavity of the oxygen device is connected to the indicator housing. (See RF patent No. 2207968).

The above system refers to the so-called balloon systems, the disadvantages of which are a large mass, a limited supply of oxygen, which does not provide the entire flight in case of refueling the aircraft with fuel in flight.

Known balloon-free oxygen system of the aircraft - the life support system for the crew of the aircraft, disclosed in the European patent of the company NORMALAIR-GARRETT (HOLDINGS) LIMITED (Great Britain) EP 0321140, cl. MKI B64D 13/00, 1989

The system contains an onboard oxygen production unit (BKDU), the input of which is supplied with compressed air from the engine compressor, and the output is communicated through a breathing valve device with a breathing command regulator of the breathing machine (oxygen device - KP) for supplying the produced oxygen-enriched breathing gas, and a tight reserve container. The oxygen concentration in the produced gas is determined by the gas concentration sensor, which generates a signal for the electronic control system (EUS). The ECM generates signals for switching the control valve that controls the supply of produced gas to the breathing machine from the BKDU or from the spare container. The ESM also generates signals for the charging valve, which provides charging of the spare container from the BKDU. The breathing command regulator of the breathing machine delivers the generated gas from the BKDU or from the spare container for mixing with the cabin air to produce a respiratory mixture that meets physiological requirements in all operating conditions, both in normal and emergency conditions, and especially to ensure long-term breathing at a level sea from a spare container when BKDU is not working. The outlet of the breathing machine using a pipeline is connected to the breathing mask of a crew member. In addition, the system includes an indication device.

The aforementioned system provides for the mixing of gas obtained by the BKDU with cabin air, which degrades its performance. In addition, the system does not provide power to the crew member during ejection.

Known oxygen-free oxygen system of the aircraft company Carleton Life Support Systems Inc., installed on aircraft F-14, F-15, F-16, F / A-18, etc. The system includes an oxygen concentrator (BCDU), in communication with the engine compressor and generating oxygen-enriched breathing mixture, a cockpit valve device, an oxygen regulator connected by a pipe to an oxygen mask of a crew member, to which is also connected the pipeline of the oxygen system of the ejection chair, made in the form of an oxygen cylinder mounted on the side the surface of the ejection seat.

The system is also equipped with an indication device that generates a warning signal about a decrease in pressure in the oxygen system. (See F-16 OBOGS for Carleton Life Support Systems Inc., Le Bourget Air Show, 2004).

A disadvantage of the known system is that KSKK requires constant care and refueling with oxygen. An insufficient supply of oxygen in the cylinder limits the flight range due to the need to supply the crew with emergency oxygen supply from the KSCS due to the possible failure of the airborne missile control system, which reduces the combat readiness of the aircraft. Moreover, the combat effectiveness of the aircraft is also limited by the lack of oxygen filling stations at a significant part of the airfields. In addition, aircraft maintenance is difficult due to the need for constant monitoring of the oxygen pressure in the KSKK cylinder.

In addition, an oxygen cylinder mounted on the side surface of the ejection chair makes it difficult to eject due to the increase in the dimensions of the chair.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The objective of the invention is to develop such a design of the oxygen system of the aircraft and ejection seat, which would provide increased combat readiness and combat readiness of highly maneuverable high-altitude aircraft by removing restrictions on refueling oxygen, increasing the reliability of providing a crew member with oxygen in emergency situations.

In addition, the design should be easy to maintain.

According to the invention, the task is achieved in that in a maneuverable high-altitude aircraft with an onboard oxygen production unit and the oxygen system of the ejected crew seat containing the power plant, takeoff and landing device, systems and controls, a glider with a sealed crew cabin, ejected seat, oxygen system, including an onboard oxygen production unit and an oxygen device (KP), an emergency oxygen system of the ejection seat (KSCC), located on the ejection ohm chair, including an autonomous oxygen source connected to the oxygen device through a combined communications connector, and the KSKK switching system, the KSKK is equipped with a chemical oxygen generator, made in the form of a housing with an oxygen-generating composition placed in it, equipped with an outlet fitting and a starting device, while the generator oxygen is installed in the compartment, made in the seat and equipped with a protective casing, a heat-shielding cover, and a pipeline connecting the oxygen generator with the integrated emom communications, provided with a safety valve.

Such an implementation of the CSCC makes it possible to remove oxygen refueling restrictions from the aircraft and thereby remove oxygen restrictions from the aircraft, increase the combat efficiency and combat readiness of the aircraft and simplify its operation.

The list of figures in the drawings

The invention is illustrated by drawings, in which:

- Figure 1 shows a General view of the ejection seat;

- Figure 2 shows a view of the seat of the ejection seat with the pillow removed.

The implementation of the invention

In accordance with the invention, a maneuverable high-altitude aircraft with an oxygen system with an onboard oxygen production unit (BKDU) and an oxygen system of the ejected crew seat (KSCS) contains a power plant, take-off and landing device, systems and controls, a glider with a sealed crew cabin, ejected seat, the oxygen system, including the BKDU and the oxygen device (KP), the emergency oxygen system of the ejection seat (KSKK), placed on the ejection seat, including an autonomous source oxygen nickname associated with oxygen device conduit through unified communications connector, and turn on the system CCMA. In addition, the aircraft contains other well-known systems and equipment necessary for its operation.

The ejection seat (see Figure 1) includes the actual seat 1 and seat 2 with a pillow. In particular, the seat contains an integrated communications connector (ORC) 3, also designed to connect the protective equipment of the pilot and radio communication equipment with the on-board systems, as well as to install the KP oxygen device (not shown), the linkage 4, connected by a rod 5 to the launch device and handle "emergency oxygen" 6.

The oxygen system of the ejection seat (Figure 2) consists of a seat cup 7, on which are mounted:

an oxygen generator 8 with a fitting, a hose 9 connecting a fitting of an oxygen generator with a fitting of an outlet 10, a pipe connecting a fitting of an outlet 10 with an OPC, an KSKK switching system. The oxygen generator 8 is installed in the compartment 11, made in the seat bowl 7 and equipped with a protective casing 12 and a heat-shielding cover made of fire-resistant fabric 13.

The combined ORC communications connector is mounted on the seat bracket on the left side of the flight and the Oxygen Generator is made in the form of a cylindrical container in which there is a briquette of a special substance - an oxygen-generating composition, during which combustion oxygen is released.

To turn on the oxygen generator, a starting device is used, which consists of an igniter capsule mounted on an oxygen generator and a shutter. The shutter is a cylindrical body in which there is a spring-loaded striker. In cocked position, the firing pin is held by a check.

The aircraft is equipped with an KSKK start-up system, comprising a linkage 4 and a start-up mechanism associated with a launching device, an emergency oxygen handle and an electric drive.

The KSKK inclusion mechanism located in an internal cavity of a seat consists of the case in which the spring-loaded rod is placed. A cable is connected to one end of the rod connected to the emergency oxygen handle 6, and to the other is a cord with a trigger pin (not shown in the drawing).

The oxygen generator is turned on when pulling out the checks either manually with the "emergency oxygen" handle 31, or automatically when the lever is turned on by the turning mechanism of the lever mechanism 4.

The yoke is also actuated by ejection by a rod 5, connected with the hitch of the leg pull.

In addition, the chair is equipped with an electric pyromechanism that interacts with the lever mechanism 4, which is activated and turns on the KSCK upon a signal from the on-board system in case of failure of the on-board oxygen production unit (BKDU) at an altitude of 8 km.

To monitor the state of the oxygen generator, a strip of white heat-sensitive paint is applied to its body. When the generator is triggered, the paint changes color to dark.

Monitoring the state of the oxygen generator and the position of the shutter pins through a window made in the seat.

The outlet fitting 10 consists of a housing in which a shut-off valve and a safety valve are installed (not shown in the drawing).

The shut-off valve prevents ambient air from entering the internal cavity of the generator. A pressure relief valve protects the generator housing, hose, and piping from destruction if the pressure rises out of balance.

During flight, the ejection system's oxygen system is off.

The inclusion of the system in the process of bailout occurs automatically. When ejecting, while the chair is moving in the guide rails, a cable, one end of which is attached to the floor of the cockpit and the other to the lock ring of the integrated communications connector, will stretch and open the collet lock of the connector. The lower connector block, having separated from the upper one, will disconnect all hoses and the electrical harness of the on-board equipment from the seat. The valves in the connector pads of the integrated communications connector will close.

At the moment the chair moves in the guides, the slack of the halyard of the legs is selected and through the rod 5 (see Figure 1) the rocker of the lever mechanism 4 is activated, which, turning around the axis, moves the spring-loaded rod with a cable and a check. The check will release the firing pin of the shutter of the starting device and thereby turn on the oxygen generator.

Oxygen from the oxygen generator through the hose will go to the outlet fitting, open the shut-off valve, through the pipeline through the OCD will enter the oxygen device and then breathe into the oxygen mask.

The inclusion of the system in the work also occurs in the event of a failure of the oxygen system of the aircraft, in particular in the event of a failure of the control panel, aircraft manually or automatically.

The oxygen system of the ejection seat provides for the manual inclusion of the unit in operation in the event of an emergency in the onboard oxygen system. When pulling the handle "emergency oxygen" 6 will move the cable, rod, checks and inclusion in the operation of the oxygen generator.

When you turn on the KSKK on the electrical command from the on-board automation, the beam of the link mechanism 4 is driven by an electric pyromechanism. Further, the system operates as described above.

The oxygen system of the ejection seat is an emergency source of oxygen to provide oxygen to crew members:

- during depressurization of the cabin with a decrease in its barometric pressure to a level corresponding to a "height in the cabin" of more than 8 kilometers;

- in case of failure of the control panel;

- during bailout followed by descent by parachute.

An electric command to automatically turn on the KSCK is issued by the on-board system when an oxygen-failure signal is received at a “height in the cabin” of more than 8000 m. At a “height in the cabin” of more than 10 km, the KSCS is automatically turned on without waiting for the oxygen-failure signal.

The oxygen system of the ejection seat KSKK 2 provides both manual and automatic inclusion.

KSKK is used as part of the oxygen system and in combination with the KP oxygen device and provides the pilot with oxygen:

- during ejection at altitudes of up to 12 km and a decrease in the schedule of descent of the ejection seat;

- in the event of an emergency reduction in a depressurized cockpit of an aircraft from a height of 12 km to 4 km (or in case of failure of the on-board oxygen equipment) for at least 5 minutes.

Implementation of a maneuverable high-altitude aircraft with the oxygen system of the ejected crew seat in combination with an oxygen-producing installation in accordance with the invention allows:

- to simplify its operation by eliminating the need for constant refueling of the oxygen source;

- remove restrictions on oxygen in range, in time, depending on the location of gas stations;

- increase combat readiness.

This ensures an increase in the combat effectiveness of the aircraft.

Claims (1)

A maneuverable high-altitude aircraft with an onboard oxygen production unit and the oxygen system of the ejected crew seat, comprising a power unit, a take-off and landing device, systems and controls, a glider with an airtight cabin for the crew, an ejection seat, an oxygen system including an onboard oxygen production unit and an oxygen device, emergency ejection system oxygen system, placed on the ejection chair, including the ejection system oxygen system inclusion system a chair and an autonomous source of oxygen connected to the oxygen device through a combined communications connector, and installed in a compartment provided with a casing and made in the seat, characterized in that the oxygen system of the ejected chair is equipped with a chemical oxygen generator made with an outlet fitting and a starting device, while the compartment in the seat is equipped with a heat-shielding cover, and the pipeline connecting the oxygen generator with the integrated communications connector is equipped with a safety cl apan.

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