RU2326557C1 - Smoking blend - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: tobacco products.

SUBSTANCE: smoking blend relates to the tobacco industry and may be used at tobacco processing plants for making products with low toxicity. The smoking blend for making smokable articles contains an aromatic tobacco raw material, a skeletal tobacco raw material and a skeletal tobacco raw material having low nicotine content at a given blend ratio. Low nicotine tobaccos are used therein as said aromatic tobacco raw material.

EFFECT: reduction of consumer health hazards by means of lowering nicotine content in the tobacco smoke of cigarettes; cigarette price reduction.

4 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the tobacco industry, in particular, can be used in tobacco factories to produce products with reduced toxicity.

The compilation of prescription mixtures of tobacco raw materials, called the "bag", is one of the main technological processes in the production of tobacco products, on which their quality, competitiveness and economic efficiency of tobacco enterprises depend.

It is known that for the manufacture of high-quality mixtures, it is necessary to use a different quantitative ratio of the raw materials of the aromatic and skeletal groups. A certain amount of each type of tobacco raw material allows you to get a mixture made from which tobacco products have a specific taste, aroma and strength of tobacco smoke. The normalized amount of raw materials of each type, subtype and grade is the basis of the formulation, which serves as a determining factor in the brand of a smoking product.

In order to protect the consumer of smoking products from the harmful effects of tobacco smoke, the state regulates the content of toxic substances - tar and nicotine - in cigarette smoke. Hygienic standards (GN 2.3.2.1377-03) "Maximum permissible levels (MPE) of tar and nicotine content in tobacco products" are: for cigarettes with a filter - resins 14 mg / sig, nicotine 1.2 mg / sig, for cigarettes without a filter - resins 16 mg / sig, nicotine 1.3 mg / sig.

Known methods for reducing nicotine in smoke by changing the design of a cigarette, namely the use of filters, highly porous cigarette paper, punching paper. All of these methods are quite effective, but are associated with significant additional material costs.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a smoking mixture (RU 2284738, A24B 3/08, A24B 13/00), including aromatic and skeletal tobacco raw materials and skeletal tobacco raw materials of varieties with a low nicotine content in the following ratio of ingredients, wt.%:

Aromatic Tobacco 55-60 Skeletal tobacco 30-38 Skeletal tobacco raw materials with low nicotine content 7-10

The main disadvantage of this smoking mixture is that the effect of reducing nicotine in smoke is achieved by adding a relatively low amount of skeletal raw materials to the tobacco bag. Aromatic raw materials, which account for the bulk of the raw materials in the composition of this smoking mixture, contain a significant amount of tar and nicotine, which leads to high toxicity of tobacco smoke. Therefore, the use of such a smoking mixture does not sufficiently reduce the harmfulness of the use of tobacco products, which can lead to poor health of the consumer.

The present invention solves the problem of reducing nicotine in the tobacco smoke of cigarettes with the combined use of low nicotine aromatic and skeletal raw materials.

The technical result is a smoking mixture for the manufacture of smoking products with a regulated content of toxic substances by using special types of tobacco in the tobacco mixture (bag), characterized by a reduced nicotine content.

The technical result is achieved in that in a smoking mixture comprising aromatic, skeletal and skeletal tobacco raw materials of varieties with a low nicotine content, aromatic tobacco raw materials of varieties with a low nicotine content are used as aromatic tobacco raw materials in the following ratio of ingredients, wt.%:

Aromatic Tobacco Varieties low nicotine 61-69 Skeletal tobacco 20-25 Skeletal tobacco raw material varieties low nicotine 11-14

A comparative analysis of the claimed technical solution with the prototype allows us to conclude that the claimed formulation of the tobacco mixture differs from the known formulation of the tobacco mixture by the presence of aromatic low nicotine varieties of tobacco in its composition. Thus, the claimed solution meets the criteria of patentability NOVELTY.

Comparison of the claimed solution not only with the prototype, but also with other well-known technical solutions in the tobacco industry allows us to identify in it a feature that distinguishes the claimed solution by the fact that aromatic tobacco of the Samsun and Dubek varieties of the domestic raw material base is used in the known formulation of the smoking mixture (Samsun 85, Samsun 117, Dubek 44-07 and Dubek 50) with a low nicotine content, therefore, the invention meets the criteria of the INVENTIVE LEVEL.

The claimed technical solution meets the patentability criterion INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY, because It can be used in the tobacco industry.

The production of aromatic group raw materials is concentrated in the CIS countries - Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan (Dubek), Abkhazia (Samsun). In this regard, the creation of a domestic raw material base for aromatic tobacco varieties of the Dubek and Samsun varieties is becoming relevant.

In the conditions of the flat and foothill zones of the Krasnodar Territory, tobacco varieties of the aromatic group of Dubek and Samsun varieties were grown, while the raw material obtained retains the flavor type inherent in these varieties grown in traditional zones (Dyachkin I.I. Quality of aromatic tobacco varieties when grown in non-traditional soil and climatic conditions / I.I. Dyachkin, Z.P. Belyakova, V.P. Rudomakha, N.P. Samoilenko, etc. // Reports of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences: Scientific and Theoretical Journal, No. 6.- ISSN 0869-6128 - S.8-10). In addition, when studying the chemical composition of the studied raw materials, it was established that aromatic tobacco varieties grown in the foothill zone of the Krasnodar Territory are able to accumulate less nicotine than similar varieties in the traditional conditions of their production. Of the tested varieties of tobacco of the aromatic group, according to the combination of a number of economically valuable traits (productivity, the ratio of chemical composition, technological, toxic and smoking properties) when grown in non-traditional conditions, the varieties Samsun 85, Samsun 117, Dubek 44-07 and Dubek 50 mainly differed Naumenko S.A. Economic-useful signs of aromatic tobacco varieties when grown in the foothill zone of the Krasnodar Territory / S.A. Naumenko, Z.P. Belyakova, V.P. Rudomakha, A.V. Burlakina, L.I. Gromova, I.G. Kalustova // Sovr the current state of the tobacco industry and the strengthening of its scientific support in the Russian Federation and the CIS countries: Mater. International scientific - practical conference - Krasnodar, 2000. - P.157-160).

Description of aromatic tobacco varieties with a low nicotine content.

Samsun 85 (application for a patent for selection achievement No. 38316/9302913 dated January 22, 1993) is a mid-late, intensive type of leaf ripening, from planting to leaf ripening of the last breaking 107 days. The number of technically suitable leaves is 50-55 pieces. The leaf length of the middle tier is 29-30 cm and the width is 15-18 cm. The yield is 24-28 kg / ha. Resistant to black rot, tobacco mosaic, peronosporosis and gout. In raw materials grown in unconventional conditions, the nicotine content is 1.0%. The number of Shmuk (the ratio of carbohydrate to protein) is 0.19. Tasting score 38.7 points (flavor score - 19.7).

Samsun 117 - mid-season, intensive type of leaf ripening, from planting to leaf ripening of the last breaking 80-90 days. The number of technically fit leaves is 47 on average. The leaf length of the middle tier is up to 31 cm and the width is 14-18 cm. The yield is 14-15 kg / ha. High resistance to peronosporosis and black rot. In raw materials grown in unconventional conditions, the nicotine content is 1.3%. The number of Shmuk (the ratio of carbohydrate to protein) is 0.16. The tasting score is 37.0 points (flavor score - 19.7).

Dubek 44-07 is a mid-season, intensive type of leaf ripening, from planting to leaf ripening of the last breaking 108 days. The number of technically suitable leaves is 31-39 pieces. The leaf length of the middle tier is up to 29 cm and the width is 14-16 cm. The yield is 13-15 kg / ha. Resistant to black rot, powdery mildew, peronosporosis and thrips. In raw materials grown in unconventional conditions, the nicotine content is 1.0%. The number of Shmuk (the ratio of carbohydrate to protein content) is 0.17. Tasting score 38.0 points (flavor score - 19.7).

Dubek 50 is a mid-late, intensive type of leaf ripening, from planting to leaf ripening of the last breaking 113 days. The number of technically fit leaves is 33-38 pieces. The leaf length of the middle tier is 28 cm and the width is 11-15 cm. The yield is 10 kg / ha. Resistant to black rot, powdery mildew, peronosporosis and thrips. In raw materials grown in unconventional conditions, the nicotine content is 0.7%. The number of Shmuk (the ratio of carbohydrate to protein) is 0.25. Tasting score 38.5 points (flavor score - 20.0).

The new varieties received the name “low nicotine” because they possess the biological ability to accumulate a low amount of nicotine up to 1.5%, while in ordinary zoned tobacco varieties the amount of nicotine can reach 4.5% or more (Belyakova Z.P. Quality of raw materials of low nicotine varieties of tobacco / Z.P. Belyakova, I.G. Kalustova, I.I. Dyachkin // Proceedings of the Universities. Food Technology. - 1999. - No. 5-6. - P.108-109).

Description of new skeletal varieties of tobacco with a low nicotine content.

Holly 36 - mid-season, green leaf variety, from planting to flowering 70-80 days. The number of technically suitable leaves is up to 30 pieces, the leaf length of the middle tier is 30 cm and the width is 15 cm. Productivity is 30-35 kg / ha, the yield of raw materials of the first commercial grade is 75-80%. Nicotine content in raw materials up to 1.0% and water-soluble carbohydrates up to 18%, has a pleasant aroma of tobacco smoke. Resistant to a complex of tobacco diseases and gout.

Holly 316 is a late-ripening variety of intensive type of leaf ripening, from planting to flowering 93-104 days. The number of technically suitable leaves is up to 30 pieces, the leaf length of the middle tier is 40-50 cm and the width is 28-29 cm. Yield 34-35 kg / ha, the yield of raw materials of the first commercial grade is 75-80%. The nicotine content in raw materials is up to 0.8%, the number of Schmuck (the ratio of carbohydrate to protein content) is 3.0. It has a pleasant aroma of tobacco smoke, a tasting score of 37.8 points. Resistant to a complex of tobacco diseases and gout (Zhigalkina G.N. Results of competitive testing of new varieties of tobacco / G.N. Zhigalkina, V.A. Panaseeva, I.V. Pavlyuk // Scientific support for the production and industrial processing of tobacco. Collection of scientific papers VNIITTI. - Issue 176. - 2004. - S.55-57).

At the tobacco factory, a specially authorized person (tobacco master) stands out who is involved in the development of the recipe. The tobacco master evaluates samples of tobacco raw materials by smoking and technological properties, chemical composition and cost price and determines how much skeletal low-nicotine tobacco raw materials must be added to the formula of the smoking mixture, as well as which domestic aromatic low-nicotine varieties will be used in the “bag”. Then it is a mixture of aromatic low nicotine (Dubek 44-07, Dubek 50, Samsun 85, Samsun 117 of the Krasnodar Territory), skeletal (Trapezond 219, Trapezond Kubanets, Yubileyny Krasnodar Territory) and low nicotine skeletal raw materials (Ostrolist 36, Ostrolist 316). Next, smoking products are cut and made.

In developing the formulation of the smoking mixture, the tobacco master focuses on the compliance of cigarettes with the requirements of GN 2.3.2.1377-03 "Maximum permissible levels (MPE) of tar and nicotine content in tobacco smoke" according to the tar and nicotine content declared on the package, the brand's smoking properties and cost products.

The chemical composition of the tobacco raw materials used for the preparation of the mixtures ("bag") are given in table 1.

Table 1 No. Type and subtype of tobacco raw materials Grade Chemical composition nicotine,% pyrolyzate, mg / sig one 2 3 four 5 one Dubek Kyrgyz one 2.13 118.7 2 Uzbek Uzbek one 1.97 112.0 3 Samsun Abkhazian one 1.94 111.6 four Dubek 44-07 of the Krasnodar Territory one 1.00 106.9 5 Dubek 50 of the Krasnodar Territory one 0.70 117.1 6 Samsun 85 of the Krasnodar Territory one 1.00 110.7 7 Samsun 117 of the Krasnodar Territory one 1.30 108,4 8 Trapezond 219 of the Krasnodar Territory one 1,52 116.0 9 Trapezond Kubanets of Krasnodar Territory one 4.18 122.0 10 Anniversary of Krasnodar Territory one 3.74 124.0 eleven Holly 36 of the Krasnodar Territory one 0.96 87.0 12 Holly 316 of the Krasnodar Territory one 0.80 99.7

As a known base mixture, a first-class mixture (bag) is used according to the recipe (RC 10-04-09 / 01-88), which includes aromatic and skeletal raw materials (eastern bag). In this case, five types of tobacco raw materials are used having a rather high content of nicotine and pyrolyzate (the tar precursor in tobacco smoke).

The recipes of the base and experimental smoking mixtures (wt.%) Are given in table 2.

table 2 No. Type and subtype of tobacco raw materials Grade Formulations of smoking mixtures basic I II III IV V one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 9 one Dubek Kyrgyz one 40 - - - - - 2 Uzbek Uzbek one fourteen - - - - - 3 Samsun Abkhazian one fifteen - - - - - four Dubek 44-07 of the Krasnodar Territory one - 40 10 22 37 9 5 Dubek 50 of the Krasnodar Territory one - 9 42 32 13 45 6 Samsun 85 of the Krasnodar Territory one - 3 10 - fourteen 9 7 Samsun 117 of the Krasnodar Territory one - 10 5 13 - 6 8 Trapezond 219 of the Krasnodar Territory one 8 9 8 fifteen - 8 9 Trapezond Kubanets of Krasnodar Territory one 9 10 8 - eighteen 7 10 Anniversary of Krasnodar Territory one fourteen 5 four 7 6 5 eleven Holly 36 of the Krasnodar Territory one - 5 10 7 3 6 12 Holly 316 of the Krasnodar Territory one - 9 3 four 9 5

In order to compare the smoking properties of cigarettes made from the base and the proposed mixtures, their organoleptic evaluation was performed by the tasting method, the data of which are given in table 3.

Table 3 Name of the tobacco mixture ("bags") Scent Overall taste rating, score Fortress score Flammability, score Tasting overall score character point Control pleasant weak 23 36 12 10 81 Experienced I nice average 24 36 fourteen 10 84 Experienced II nice average 24 36 fourteen 10 84 Experienced III nice average 24 35 fourteen 10 83 Experienced IV nice average 23 34 fourteen 10 81 Experienced V nice average 23 34 13 10 80

The highest overall tasting score for mixtures I, II - 84 points and III - 83 points, which exceeds the indications of the control mixture - 81 points. The lowest overall rating for tasting was noted for the mixture made according to the recipe V - 80 points.

It was found that the experimental mixtures I, II and III have better smoking properties compared to the control. In all experimental batches, a decrease in fortress was noted.

When comparing the smoking properties of cigarettes from the base mixture and made according to the recipe IV, a weak manifestation of irritation and lining was revealed. The overall tasting score is at the control mixture level (81 points).

When comparing the smoking properties of cigarettes from the base mixture and those made according to the recipe V, a slight increase in strength, the appearance of hotness and severe irritation were revealed.

The chemical composition of mixtures of tobacco raw materials and smoke of filterless cigarettes made from these mixtures is presented in table 4.

Table 4 Name of the tobacco mixture ("bags") Chemical composition mixes of tobacco raw materials cigarette smoke mg / sig nicotine,% pyrolyzate, mg / sig nicotine resin Control 1.8 95.8 1,6 15.8 Experienced I 1,1 93,4 1,0 13,2 Experienced II 1,2 91.7 1,1 13.0 Experienced III 1.3 97.0 1,1 13.9 Experienced IV 1.4 99,2 1,2 14.0 Experienced V 1,6 104.3 1.4 16.1

The data shown in table 4 show that the use of low nicotine raw materials can reduce the nicotine content in tobacco raw materials, and therefore, in the tobacco smoke of cigarettes. The expediency of using aromatic tobacco raw materials with a low nicotine content of domestic production instead of raw materials of the same types obtained under the usual growing conditions, as the type of aroma of this raw material is identical to traditional, has been revealed.

The proposed smoking mixture using aromatic raw materials with a low content of nicotine, grown under non-traditional conditions, and skeletal tobacco raw materials of varieties with a low nicotine content does not violate the known technology for the production of smoking articles, does not require special expensive equipment and allows the use of raw materials of aromatic type of domestic production.

Aromatic and skeletal low-nicotine varieties of tobacco are grown in Russia in the Krasnodar Territory, so the production of the required volumes of this raw material will ensure the production of smoking articles with the required level of toxicity of tobacco smoke and independence from the import of aromatic raw materials.

On the other hand, the replacement of highly toxic aromatic raw materials obtained in traditional growing areas with aromatic raw materials of varieties with a low nicotine content helps to reduce the risk of harming the health of consumers of the declared tobacco products.

It is recommended to use the proposed smoking mixture in domestic tobacco factories with a capacity of 2-3 billion cigarettes per year, located in the south of Russia (Krasnodar, Stavropol Territories, republics of the North Caucasus, Rostov Region). Cigarettes from the proposed smoking mixture can be made without a filter and have a relatively low cost.

Claims (1)

A smoking mixture comprising aromatic, skeletal and skeletal tobacco raw materials of varieties with a low nicotine content, characterized in that aromatic tobacco raw materials of varieties with a low nicotine content are used as aromatic tobacco raw materials in the following ratio of ingredients, wt.%: Aromatic Tobacco low nicotine varieties 61-69 Skeletal tobacco 20-25 Skeletal tobacco low nicotine varieties 11-14