RU2325251C2 - Table for thermal cutting of sheet material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: table for thermal cutting of sheet material relates to equipment for thermal (plasma, laser) processing of flat workpieces made of various materials and contains a working surface designed as a grid of vertical metallic plates, supported by a frame, at least one air duct located lower than the grid, parallel to the frame side walls, and a device for the removal of gaseous and solid cutting waste, equipped with a drive. The device includes a container for the collection of solid cutting waste, placed under the grid, installed into an enclosure forming a gap; the enclosure is open from the top and installed so as to provide for reciprocating motion parallel to the frame side walls. The air duct has a longitudinal slot facing the grid and equipped with elastic shoulders on the edges; the shoulders abut each other, and the enclosure bottom is equipped with at least one slot-type nozzle parallel to the frame side walls and entering the longitudinal slot of the air duct.

EFFECT: efficient removal of solid and gaseous cutting waste at decreased air flow, operational reliability.

12 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to equipment for thermal (plasma, laser) processing of flat billets of various materials. It is preferable to use the invention for cutting metal sheets or punching holes in them.

Known cutting table for thermal cutting of metal sheets (see USSR author's certificate No. 969476, IPC V23K 7/02, publ. 12/30/1980), including a frame with a bottom and side walls, equipped with windows for exhausting gases, removable gratings for sheets placed on the frame, as well as pallets for cutting waste. The bottom of each pallet is made of elastic heat-resistant material and there are spring-louvre plates spring-loaded to the bottom of the frame. The table is equipped with guide visors fixed at an acute angle to the bottom of the frame on its side walls at each window.

In the well-known cutting table, the suction of gases from the cutting zone is carried out over the entire area of the table, which requires the use of large power ventilation systems.

Known table for laser processing of sheet material (see JP patent No. 9327787, IPC V23K 26/14, publ. 12/22/1997), including a base with guides along which the portal is moved, equipped with a hollow body having a narrow longitudinal slit from the bottom. The hollow body is connected to a flexible conduit connected to an exhaust device. The portal moves with the laser head.

The well-known table provides an effective exhaustion of gases above the laser processing zone, but does not ensure removal of larger solid waste than dust from the processing zone.

Known adsorbent table for laser processing (see application JP No. 2002283089, IPC V23K 26/10, publ. 02.10.2002), including a work surface in the form of a honeycomb lattice of vertical plates mounted in the housing on a plate with slotted slots. The bottom of the case is equipped with air ducts connected to an exhaust fan.

The well-known table has high rigidity and effectively collects dust generated during the operation of the laser, but does not provide removal from the laser processing zone of larger than dust, solid cutting waste.

Known table machine for laser cutting (see patent JP No. 1127189, IPC V23K 26/14, publ. 05/19/1989), including a frame divided into sections by parallel vertical plates, the ends of which form the working surface of the table. On guides fixed on the frame orthogonally to the vertical plates, a portal is provided with the possibility of reciprocating movement, provided with a cavity on the side, communicating with the open ends of the sections. The cavity, in turn, is connected to a flexible pipe connected to exhaust ventilation.

In a well-known table, the dust and the gases generated during metal cutting are sucked out from the section above which the metal is cut, which makes it possible to reduce the exhaust ventilation power. However, the design of the table does not provide for the removal from the laser processing zone of larger solid particles than dust.

Known metal table for laser or plasma cutting of metal, coinciding with the claimed solution for the most significant features and selected as a prototype (see US patent No. 6727457, IPC B23K 26/10, publ. 04/27/2004). The known metal prototype table includes a working surface in the form of a lattice of vertical metal plates, resting on a frame, the end and side walls of which form a chamber below the working surface, and a device for removing gaseous and solid cutting wastes, including one or more partitions located below the working the surface between the side walls of the frame and dividing the camera into many exhaust zones (sections) connected by an air duct with exhaust ventilation installed parallel to the side walls of we, and equipped with valves with actuator, the actuator control valves, a plurality of sliding containers for the collection of solid cutting products installed under the flap.

The well-known table for laser or plasma cutting of metal allows you to slightly reduce the air flow to remove gases from the cutting zone. However, in a known table, air is removed from the area of the entire section, which leads to a decrease in the suction rate and, accordingly, to a decrease in the efficiency of gas removal from the cutting zone. In addition, the presence of a large number of sections with damper actuators leads to an increase in the cost of the structure and a decrease in its reliability.

The objective of the proposed technical solution was the development of such a table for thermal cutting of sheet material, which would require less air consumption for the effective removal of gaseous and solid waste cutting and was reliable in operation.

The problem is solved in that the table for thermal cutting of sheet materials, including a working surface in the form of a lattice of vertical metal plates, supported by a frame, and a device for removing gaseous and solid waste from cutting, contains at least one duct with a longitudinal slotted groove facing to said lattice and provided with elastic collars abutting against each other at the edges, while an air duct connected to exhaust ventilation is placed below said lattice parallel to the side walls am of the frame, and the device for removing gaseous and solid waste of cutting is equipped with a drive and includes a container for collecting solid waste of processing located under the grating, placed with a gap in the casing open from above, mounted with the possibility of reciprocating movement parallel to the side walls of the frame, while the bottom of the casing equipped with at least one slotted nozzle parallel to the side walls of the frame and included in the slotted groove of the duct.

In the inventive design of the table, the suction of gaseous waste is carried out through the gap between the container and the casing, which allows to increase the suction speed and thereby increase the efficiency of removal of gaseous cutting waste.

The area of the gap between the upper edges of the container for collecting solid waste of cutting and the casing can be made smaller than the area of the gap between their side walls, which allows you to further increase the suction speed in this place.

A container for collecting solid cutting waste can be mounted on rails mounted on the end walls of said casing.

The container for collecting solid cutting waste can be made removable, which facilitates the removal of accumulated waste.

The table grill can be made of vertical metal plates mounted on the side walls of the frame.

Said casing may be provided on the sides with support rollers moving along guides fixed to the side walls of the frame.

The drive of the device for removing gaseous and solid waste of cutting can be made in the form of an electric motor connected to the device by means of a chain, rack or pinion or some other known transmission, providing reciprocating movement of the device along the duct.

With the large dimensions of the table, two parallel ducts can be placed below the grill, and the bottom of the casing is equipped with two slotted nozzles, each of which enters into the longitudinal slotted groove of the corresponding duct.

The elastic collars fixed along the edges of the longitudinal slit of the duct and abutting against each other can be made of rubber or plastic.

The inventive table for thermal cutting of sheet material is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 shows a General view of the table from the side with a partial section;

figure 2 shows a table, a top view;

figure 3 shows a device for removing gaseous and solid waste cutting in a longitudinal section (node I in figure 1);

figure 4 shows the device shown in figure 3 for the removal of gaseous and solid waste cutting during the cutting process;

figure 5 shows a table in section in aa.

The inventive table for thermal cutting of sheet material includes (see FIGS. 1 and 2) a grill 1 of vertical metal plates 2, supported by a frame 3. The frame 3 is mounted on supports 4. Below the grill 2, two ducts 5 are installed parallel to the side walls of the frame 3, one end 6 of which is closed, and the second open end 7 is provided with a flange 8 for connection to exhaust ventilation (not shown in the drawing). A longitudinal slotted groove 9 is made in the duct 5 (see FIG. 5), facing the grill 1 and provided with elastic collars 10, which can be made of rubber or plastic, abutting against each other with their side surfaces. With small dimensions of the table, one duct 5 is installed along the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the table. A device for removing gaseous and solid cutting waste (node I), includes (see FIGS. 3 and 4) a container 11 for collecting solid cutting waste placed under the grating 1, placed with a gap in the casing 12 open from above, on which side walls 13 are installed support rollers 14 moving along the guides 15 mounted on the side walls of the frame 3. The tank 11 is mounted on the guides 16, mounted on the end walls 13 of the casing 12 and can be made removable. The bottom of the casing 12 is equipped with two slotted nozzles 17, the slots of which are parallel to the side walls of the frame 3. The nozzles 17 enter the longitudinal slotted groove 9 of the corresponding duct 5 and are crimped by elastic collars 10. Thus, gaseous cutting products are removed from the cavity between the tank 11 and the casing 12 when the reciprocating movement of the device for removing gaseous and solid cutting waste (node I) along the ducts 5. Moving the device for removing gaseous and solid cutting waste (node I) is driven by an electric motor 18 with a chain gear 19, the ends of which are connected by fastening elements 20 to the casing 12. The drive moves the device synchronously with the portal of the cutting machine (not shown in the drawing), while the cutting head of the machine is always in the range of the device when moving (node I), which has no mechanical connection with the portal of the cutting machine. The synchronous movement of the portal and the device (node I) is usually provided when connecting the table to the cutting machine using one of the known sensors, which monitors the movement of the portal and controls the drive of the device (node I). The drive can be made as a chain, and rack or any other known drive, providing movement of the device along the ducts.

The inventive table for thermal cutting of sheet material after connecting to a cutting machine and exhaust ventilation operates as follows. The sheet to be cut is placed on the grate 1. When cutting, a gas stream passes through the grate 1, hits the bottom of the tank 11, reflecting from the bottom, rises up the walls of the tank 11 (see figure 4), then it is captured by the intake air into the gap between the walls of the tank 11 and the walls of the casing 12 and through the slotted nozzles 17 enters the ducts 5, and from the ducts 5 to the exhaust ventilation. The gas suction rate increases significantly when the gap between the upper edges of the tank 11 and the casing 12 (see figure 3 line "aa") is less than the area of the gap between their side walls (line "b-b"). When a gas jet hits the bottom of the tank 11, its speed decreases, and part of the solid cutting waste settles in the tank 11. Small scraps of metal also fall into the tank 11, which makes it convenient to remove them. When moving the portal of the cutting machine, the device (unit I) moves at the same time, so that the cutting head is always located above the container 11. When the container 11 is filled 1/3 of the volume, the device (unit I) is moved to the discharge zone at the end of the table, where the container 11 is cleaned. or replace it.

In accordance with the claimed invention, specimens of a table for thermal cutting of sheet material were manufactured, tests of which showed increased efficiency in removing gaseous and solid cutting products, reducing the amount of sucked air, reducing energy consumption, improving working conditions of maintenance personnel.

Claims (12)

1. A table for thermal cutting of sheet material, containing a working surface in the form of a grate of vertical metal plates, supported by a frame, at least one duct placed below the grate parallel to the side walls of the frame and connected to exhaust ventilation, and a device for removing gaseous gases equipped with a drive and solid cutting waste, including a container for collecting solid cutting waste placed under the grill, placed with a gap in a casing open from above, installed with the possibility of reciprocating movement parallel to the side walls of the frame, characterized in that a longitudinal slotted groove is made in the duct that faces the grate and is provided with elastic flanges abutting against each other, and the bottom of the casing is equipped with at least one slotted branch pipe parallel to the side walls of the frame and included in longitudinal slot groove of the duct. 2. The table according to claim 1, characterized in that the gap between the upper edges of the container for collecting solid cutting waste and the casing is smaller than the gap between their side walls. 3. The table according to claim 1, characterized in that the container for collecting solid waste cutting installed on the rails mounted on the end walls of the casing. 4. The table according to claim 3, characterized in that the container for collecting solid waste cutting is removable. 5. The table according to claim 1, characterized in that the lattice is made of vertical metal plates mounted on the side walls of the frame. 6. The table according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing is provided on the sides with support rollers moving along the rails mounted on the side walls of the frame. 7. The table according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive of the device for removing gaseous and solid waste cutting is made in the form of an electric motor connected by a chain transmission to the casing. 8. The table according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive device for removing gaseous and solid waste cutting is made in the form of an electric motor connected by a rack and pinion transmission with a casing. 9. The table according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive device for removing gaseous and solid waste cutting is made in the form of an electric motor connected by a rack and pinion transmission with a casing. 10. The table according to claim 1, characterized in that two ducts are located below the grill, and the bottom of the casing is equipped with two slotted nozzles, each of which is included in the longitudinal slotted groove of the corresponding duct. 11. The table according to claim 1, characterized in that the flanges of the slotted groove of the duct are made of rubber. 12. The table according to claim 1, characterized in that the flanges of the slotted groove of the duct are made of plastic.

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