RU2324657C2 - Wind-driven water desaltin unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: water desalting unit comprises three convergent-divergent air ducts formed by body 1 and baffle 2 situated at the inlet between its sidewalls. Condenser 3 is installed in the outlet part, bottom hole 4 in the body opens into tank 5. Pipeline 8 connects bottom of evaporation tank 6 with marine environment, tube 7 connects the tank top with intermediate part of the third air duct. Air flow accelerating in the air ducts achieves maximum velocity in a point of minimum cross-section, namely - in the intermediate part of the third air duct. Pressure in this point drops to the minimum. This results in filling tank 6 with seawater through pipeline 8 and in seawater boiling. Condensation takes place on condenser 3 surface. Fresh water produced in this way flows through hole 4 into tank 5.

EFFECT: invention enables seawater desalting with only air flow energy.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention can be applied in the field of meeting human needs, in agriculture, in industry - wherever fresh water is needed.

The applicant knows a device called a wind power installation that uses a similar principle for converting the energy of air currents. Unfortunately, it cannot be taken as an analogue, as it has a different purpose.

The problem to which the invention is directed is the desalination of sea water without attracting the energy resources of the technosphere, relying only on the natural strength of the wind.

The technical result of the invention is to obtain fresh water from the sea by using only the energy of air flows.

The mentioned task is achieved by the fact that the desalination plant design allows the continuous distillation of sea water due to the movement of air masses. The continuity of the process is ensured by the prevailing presence of winds in the coastal strip, as well as the uninterrupted supply of sea water to the desalination plant.

The invention is illustrated by graphic materials, where figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a device; figure 2 shows a left view and a cross section along section aa; figure 3 - section of the partition.

The housing of the device 1 in conjunction with the partition 2 located between its side walls, form three tapering-expanding air channels, the third channel being formed by the inner surface of the above-mentioned partition. The inputs of all three channels lie in the projection of the frontal plane of the device and are oriented towards the wind. The output of the third channel is connected to the intermediate part of the second channel, the output of which, in turn, is connected to the intermediate part of the first channel.

At the output of the device there is a moisture condenser 3, overlapping it over the largest section and representing a perforated sheet, or several layers of fine mesh. The housing 1 has in its lower part a hole 4 for a stack of water. The reservoir 5 is intended for the collection and temporary storage of water.

The evaporation tank 6 is a vertically mounted cylinder, the walls of which must withstand a pressure drop of one atmosphere. The upper part of the tank is connected using a tube 7 with the intermediate part of the third channel. A pipeline 8 departs from the lower part of the tank, the free end of which is immersed in sea water. The use of the evaporation tank 6 is associated with the need to have the largest possible area of evaporation of water to increase the production of the final product. The vertical size of the tank h and its height H are determined by different levels of water rise, depending on both the tides and the wind speed. The evaporation tank can be located at a considerable distance from the coastline, which will make it possible to obtain fresh water directly in the area of its consumption.

Desalination works as follows.

The incoming air flow, moving along the first channel, will begin to accelerate in its tapering part. In accordance with the continuity equation in the intermediate part of the channel having the smallest cross section, the flow velocity will be the largest. The pressure there will be less than atmospheric, since it decreases in proportion to the increase in speed.

Thus, the output of the second channel will be in the zone of reduced pressure, while its inlet is located in the zone of normal pressure. The air will go through this channel at a much greater speed than the external wind, and will accelerate even more in its narrowest part. The pressure there, accordingly, will decrease even more.

In the third channel, the process will proceed similarly with the only difference being that, depending on the strength of the wind, the air velocity in the critical section of the third channel may exceed the sound threshold. The pressure drop in this place will be maximum.

By ejection through the connecting tube 7, the air from the tank 6 will be pumped out. The resulting vacuum will allow sea water to rise through line 8 and fill the interior of the tank. In the absence of atmospheric pressure, the water will begin to boil at its usual temperature. The boiling process will separate fresh water from salt water. Water vapor will rush to the outlet of the device, where on the surface of the condenser 3 will turn into water, which flows through the hole 4 into the tank 5.

Claims (3)

1. A windmill, having a body formed in the form of a narrowing-expanding channel, a partition adjacent its sides to the walls of the body and forming the inlet part of the first channel with one of its outer side and the inner surface of the body, and the other with its outer side and the inner surface of the body - the second narrowing-expanding channel, connected by its output to the intermediate part of the first channel, and by its intermediate part - with the output of the third narrowing-expanding channel, formed in the cavity of the partition, a moisture condenser located at the outlet of the first channel and connected through an opening in the lower part of the housing to the fresh water reservoir, an evaporation tank, a pipe connecting the upper part of the tank to the intermediate part of the third channel, a pipeline, one end of which is connected to the lower part of the tank, and the second is immersed in a reservoir filled with sea water. 2. Windmill desalination according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to automatically track the direction of the wind, the device body is equipped with vertically arranged stabilizers and mounted on a movable platform with the possibility of rotation about its axis of rotation. 3. Windmill desalination according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, in order to increase vaporization, an electric heating element is placed in the cavity of the evaporation tank.

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