RU2323852C2 - Plane with high passenger capacity - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pipes.

SUBSTANCE: plain contains fuselage, wing, horizontal and vertical empennage, the power plant, systems and equipment. The fuselage has changing geometry, generated by radial arc, which in the upper, lower and side part smoothly pass into the wing segment, generating together integral construction. The segment of the brad is made as the circle, and its diameter coincides with diameter of the narrow-bodied airplane, the profile of the middle part is made as ellipse with bigger horizontal axis and with relation of the height and the breadth of ellipse 1:3, integrally included to the wing construction. The fuselage tail section, where is fixed the horizontal and vertical empennage, is generated as integral construction with round profile and plain deposit, smoothly pass into ellipse.

EFFECT: it is exceeded the aerodynamic quality.

7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to aircraft and can be used for subsonic and transonic aircraft.

There are various known schemes of aircraft with increased passenger capacity (see the encyclopedia "Aviation" edited by GP Svishchev, publishing house "Russian Encyclopedias", M., 1988). Recently, wide-body aircraft with a fuselage diameter of more than 4 meters have become widespread. The prototype of the proposed solution is the Boeing 777 aircraft, which has a fuselage diameter of 6.2 meters and is designed to carry up to 350 passengers.

However, attempts to increase the aerodynamic efficiency of such aircraft encounter a large relative resistance of the fuselage, which does not significantly improve the quality of the aircraft even when using a perfect wing.

The aim of the present invention is to increase the aerodynamic quality of a large passenger aircraft at operational flight speeds.

To achieve this goal, the fuselage of the aircraft has a variable shape formed by arcs of circles, which in the upper, lower and lateral parts smoothly go into wing sections, forming an integral structure with it, while the section in the nose of the fuselage is made in the form of a circle whose diameter corresponds to the diameter narrow-body aircraft, and the cross section in the Central part is made in the form of an oval with a horizontal arrangement of the major axis and the ratio of height and width of the oval 1: 3, integrally included in the wing structure, and the tail ca The surface on which the vertical and horizontal plumages are fixed is formed as an integral structure with a circular cross section and flat influxes that smoothly turn into an oval.

Figure 1 shows the General scheme of the proposed aircraft. Figure 2 shows the layout of the main premises of the aircraft. Figure 3 shows the main section of the aircraft. Figure 4 shows a comparison of the areas of the proposed solution and the prototype. Figure 5 shows a comparison of the "frontal" sections along the length of the aircraft. Figure 6 shows the results of calculating the ratio of the washed surface of the proposed aircraft and similar data on modern and promising aircraft. 7 shows the expected aerodynamic efficiency in comparison with modern and promising aircraft such as flying wing.

The plane (Fig. 1) consists of the nose of the fuselage 1, the front fuselage of the fuselage wing 2 with slats 3; the cantilever part of the wing 4 with slats 5, flaps 6, ailerons 7, brake flaps 8, spoilers 9; engines 10 mounted on pylons 11; nose landing gear 12; main landing gear 13 with fairings 14; keel 15 with fork 16 and rudder 17; stabilizer 18 with rudders of height 19, the rear of the fuselage 20 with fairings 21.

To perform the basic functions of the aircraft, the crew cabin 22, cargo rooms 23, the passenger compartment 24, places for cabin crew 25, kitchens 26, toilets 27 are provided (FIGS. 2 and 3).

Installed fuel tanks 28 and the necessary functional systems (not shown).

For passenger service, doors 29, entrance doors, ramps 30, emergency exits 31 are provided. Seats 32 are installed in the main rooms. Part of hand luggage is placed on shelves 33.

The proposal of the authors allows you to change the nature of the change in the cross-sectional area of the aircraft and reduce the maximum fuselage cross-sectional area by ΔF (Figs. 4 and 5), equal to the difference between the circular and oval cross-sectional areas of the fuselage, which is at least 30% of the original area. At the same time, it is proposed to reduce the areas in the front and rear parts of the fuselage, limiting them to only functionally necessary values (in the front for the crew, and in the rear for organizing the transition from the maximum section to the rear). In this case, the surface being washed and the resistance of the aircraft sharply decrease (Fig. 6).

The reduction in area significantly reduces the resistance of the fuselage, as well as the harmful interaction of flows in the rear of the aircraft.

From the graph, which is based on the results of calculations and preliminary tests in a wind tunnel, it can be seen that, ceteris paribus and maintaining the comfort of wide-body aircraft for passengers, the proposed solution raises model aerodynamic quality by at least three units (Fig. 7) by about 17 % increasing the overall efficiency of the aircraft.

Claims (1)

A large passenger aircraft containing the fuselage, wing, vertical and horizontal tail, powerplant, systems and equipment, characterized in that the fuselage of the aircraft has a variable shape formed by arcs of circles that in the upper, lower and lateral parts smoothly transition into wing sections, forming with it an integral structure, while the section in the nose of the fuselage is made in the form of a circle, the diameter of which corresponds to the diameter of the narrow-body aircraft, the section in the central part is made in the form of la with a horizontal major axis and a ratio of height and width of the oval 1: 3, are integrally incorporated in the wing structure, a tail portion on which are fixed vertical and horizontal empennage is formed as an integral structure with a circular cross section and flat excrescence, transition smoothly into an oval.

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