RU2320510C2 - Automated system to read out identification data from moving objects - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport; radio frequency identification.

SUBSTANCE: proposed system contains fixed readout device connected with communication line and provided with ON-OFF device operating at passing of train, and passive receivers-transponders for identification of object arranged on locomotive, car, wheelsets which are spaced to read information, passive container identification code pickups made for reprogramming of code and making it possible for readout device to discriminate it from codes of other receivers transponders, and locking device on opening parts of container. Locking device is furnished with receiver transponder which puts out code recorder by readout device is case of violation of integrity of locking device. System employs also anticollision readout mechanism in form of readout device with four receive-transmit channels, each containing receive-transmit antenna, circulator, transmitter, control unit, receiver, data processing unit and matching device.

EFFECT: enlarged functional capabilities and improved reliability of readout data.

5 cl, 13 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of transport management and can be used to obtain information from moving objects, in particular railway transport with identifiers that do not have autonomous power sources.

A known system for identifying many objects [RF patent No. 2126165, G01S 13/75], consisting of a polling device and a plurality of pulse repeaters. The polling device includes a transmitter that transmits at least two independent discrete polling signals, and the receiver receives response signals from pulse repeaters. The polling device also includes a processor for identifying pulse repeaters from the data in the received response signals. Each pulse repeater comprises receiving means, a code generator and transmitter means connected to this code generator.

The disadvantage of this invention is the use of a wide band of the transmitter for transmitting digital signals in order to block individual identification tags. Using the method of blocking individual identification tags leads to a significant increase in the time of identification of objects with an increase in the number of tags, which reduces the reliability of reading information from moving objects, such as vehicle identification.

Known selected as the closest analogue system [RF patent No. 2191127, class. B61L 25/02], consisting of passive code sensors with the ability to reprogram the code, passive transponders for identifying an object with a permanent code located on a locomotive, platform, carriage, wheelsets, passive code sensors for identifying containers and closing locking devices on the opening parts of the container, and stationary readers located along the routes. Sensors and transponders installed on all possible parts of a railway rolling vehicle, falling into the radiation pattern of the reader’s antenna, begin to work and simultaneously re-emit the code information to the reader.

The disadvantages of this device are the very low reliability of reading information from identification sensors and transponders due to the fact that signals from several sensors are simultaneously received at the reader receiving unit.

The objective of the proposed invention is to expand the functionality and increase the reliability of reading information.

This problem is solved by the fact that an additional device that implements anti-collision mechanisms is introduced into the reader of information from moving objects of the railway trains of the system.

The operation of the proposed device is implemented using the circuits shown in drawings 1-7.

On figa and 1b shows cars with mounted sensors and transponders.

Figure 2 shows a block diagram of a passive code sensor with the possibility of reprogramming over the air.

Figure 3 shows a block diagram of a known reader.

Figure 4 shows a diagram of a known passive transponder.

5 shows a first embodiment of a system with an anti-collision mechanism.

Figure 6 shows the placement of the antennas in the first embodiment of the system.

Figure 7 shows an embodiment of a channel for reprogramming information in passive container identification sensors.

On Fig shows a second embodiment of a system with anti-collision mechanism.

Figure 9 shows the placement of the antenna in the second embodiment of the system.

10 a shows an example of a command for writing.

On figb shows an example of the command "answer the sensor No. ...".

On figa shows a car 1 with containers 2 installed on it. Code containers 3 are installed on containers 2, and locking devices with transponders 4 for object identification are installed on the opening parts of containers 2. Passive transponders 5 are installed on car 1 (one on each side of the car), passive transponders 6 are installed on wheelsets.

On figb shows a car 1 with opening doors, on which is installed a locking device with a transponder 4. On the car 1 is also installed passive transponders 5 and passive transponders 6 are installed on wheelsets.

Figure 2-3 shows well-known technical solutions.

Figure 2 shows the reader 12, comprising a receiving antenna 13, an information receiving and processing unit 14, a power and control unit 15, a generator 16, an inductor 17, a transmitting antenna 18, and an on device 19.

Figure 3 shows the transponder 4 identification of the object with a constant code, lockable locking device containing a transponder 20 with a constant code, connected to it a flexible steel cable 21 and the locking device 22.

Figure 4 shows a block diagram of a passive code sensor 3 with the possibility of reprogramming over the air. It contains an antenna 7 connected to a matching device 8, from the output of which a signal is supplied to a high-frequency signal to DC voltage converter 9 to power a unit 10 for extracting information from the radio signal and code generator 11. The signal from the output of the matching device 8 is also fed to the input of block 10 for extracting information from the radio signal.

Analysis of existing technical solutions showed that on a railway carriage, four zones for the location of sensors and transponders can be distinguished:

- zone of wheelsets;

- zone of sensors installed on cars and locomotives;

- zone of locking and sealing devices;

- container labeling area.

According to the first embodiment (Fig. 5), the reader 12 consists of four identical channels, each of which consists of a transceiver antenna 31 (41, 51 or 61) connected to the bi-directional output of the circulator 32 (42, 52 or 62), the input of which connected to the output of the transmitter 33 (43, 53 or 63), the control input of which is connected to one of the four outputs of the control unit 36, and the output of the circulator 32 (42, 52 or 62) is connected to the input of the receiver 34 (44, 54 or 64), the output of which, in turn, is connected to the information processing unit 35 (45, 55 or 65), the output of which connected to one of the four inputs of the control unit 36, to the fifth input of which a switching device 19 is connected, and to the bi-directional output of the control unit 36, a matching device 37 is connected to the data transmission network.

Antennas 31 (41, 51 or 61) are installed in such a way that each of the four antennas has its own reading zone (Fig. 6), which does not intersect with the reading zones of other antennas and in which transponders and airborne sensors located in certain corresponding areas of the railway are read composition.

The reader 12 is installed near the antennas.

For the procedure of reprogramming the passive code sensor 3 over the radio channel according to the first embodiment of the system, the transmitter 33 has an additional input for the modulating signal generated by the control unit 36 (Fig. 7).

An embodiment of the second embodiment of the system is shown in FIG. The transceiver 71 antenna has such a radiation pattern in the vertical plane so as to vertically cover all the sensors and transponders available in the system (Fig. 9).

The antenna 71 is connected to the bi-directional output of the circulator 72, the input of which is connected to the output of the transmitter 73, the control and modulating inputs of which are connected to the first and second output of the control unit 76, and the output of the circulator 72 is connected to the input of the receiver 74, the output of which, in turn, is connected with the input of the information processing unit 75, the output of which is connected to the input of the control unit 76, to the second input of which the switching device 19 is connected, and the matching device 77 is connected to the bi-directional output of the control unit 76 Data etyu.

The system operates as follows.

When a train consisting of cars 1 is passing along the switching device 19, a signal is sent to the reader control unit 36 (76) 12. An inductor can be used as a switching device 19, and when the wheeled trolley passes over it, its inductance changes dramatically. The change in inductance serves as a signal for the control unit 36 (76) to turn on and off the transmitters 33, 43, 53 and 63 (or 73), which form a high-frequency interrogation signal, which from the output of the transmitters 33, 43, 53 and 63 (or 73) through the circulators 32, 42, 52 and 62 (or 72) enter the antenna 31, 41, 51 and 61 (or 71) and then to the sensors 3, 4, 5 and 6.

In the first embodiment of the system, the sensors and transponders 4, 5, and 6, when entering the read zone, begin to generate code sequences regardless of the presence and type of signal modulation.

Sensor 3 operates as follows. When irradiated with a monochrome signal (commands, and therefore, there is no modulation of the irradiating signal), part of the energy, depending on the quality of matching of antenna 7 and matching device 8, is supplied from antenna 7 and matching device 8 to a high-frequency signal converter 9 to a constant voltage for supplying active elements sensor. Part of the signal enters the block 10 information from the radio signal, where it is detected and analyzed. If there are no commands in the incoming signal, the block 10 for extracting information from the radio signal does not give any control signals to the code generator 11 and, by default, the code generator 11 starts issuing the recorded code to the matching device 8, changing the antenna matching. A change in antenna matching leads to a change in the reflective characteristics of the sensor itself, and an amplitude-modulated signal is obtained at the input of the reader. If there is a write command in the incoming signal (Fig. 10a), then the block 10 for extracting information from the radio signal decodes this information, generates and issues a control signal to the code generator 11, prohibiting it from generating and transferring to the recording mode of the received information.

In the case of the command "answer No. ..." (Fig.10b), the block 10 for extracting information from the radio signal decodes this information, compares the information received with that stored in the code generator 11 and, if it does not match, generates and issues a control signal to the generator 11 code forbidding him to generate. If it matches, then a generation command is issued.

According to this principle, all sensors and transponders are constructed according to the second embodiment of the system.

The transponder 5 mounted on the platform of the car 1 may contain information about the number and type of car 1, the owner, the date of manufacture and repair.

The sensor 4 contains information about the integrity of the circuit, and if the transponder 20, the steel wire 21 or the locking device 22 is damaged, it gives an alarm signal.

Passive code sensor 3 may contain replaceable information about the sender and receiver of the goods, about the points of departure and destination, about the nature of the cargo being transported.

If it is not necessary to obtain detailed information about the cargo being transported, a transponder 3 with a fixed code is installed on the container 2, containing information on the serial number of the container 2 and its accessories.

The reflected signal modulated by the code signal is transmitted respectively to the antennas 31, 41, 51 and 61 (or 71) and then through the circulators 32, 42, 52 and 62 (or 72) to the receivers 34, 44, 54 and 64 (or 74), where it is demodulated and the selected signal is supplied to signal processing units 35, 45, 55 and 65 (or 75), after which the control unit 36 (76) generates information for transmission to the network via the network matching device 37.

Block 76 generates commands for modulation according to the following algorithm. For simplicity, suppose that the system contains 8 sensors with numbers from 000 to 111 in binary terms.

Figure 11 shows one of the variants of the algorithm that implements the method of forming commands.

11:

101 - a signal was received from the switching device 19;

102 - turn on the transmitter without modulation or with modulation with the command "answer all";

103 - is there an answer ?;

104 - answered one ?;

105 - give the command "answer the sensor with the number N = 111";

106 - is there an answer ?;

107 - take N = N-1;

108 - N = 000 ?;

109 - take N = 111;

110 - carriage passed? (on the operation of the device 19 inclusion);

111 - demodulate information and remember in block 76 of the control.

All other system nodes included in it and not described in the text are made in the form of standard known devices.

Thus, by introducing into the system three additional channels of reception / transmission or new connections and an algorithm in the processing unit, it was possible to significantly increase the reliability of reading identification information by introducing methods and means of anti-collision.

Claims (5)

1. An automated system for reading information from moving objects of railway trains, comprising a stationary reading device connected to a communication line and having an on-off device that is triggered when the train passes, and passive transponders for identifying an object with a constant code, located on a locomotive, carriage, wheelsets passive code sensors for identification of containers made with the possibility of reprogramming and, allowing the reader to distinguish it from the transponder codes of a locomotive, carriage, wheelset, and a closing locking device on the opening parts of the container, each locking device is equipped with a transponder that issues a code registered by the reading device in case of violation of the integrity of the locking device, characterized in that the system implements an anti-collision reading mechanism in the form of a reader containing four transceiver channels, each of which contains a transmitting antenna connected to a bi-directional output of the circulator, the input of which is connected to the output of the transmitter, the control input of which is connected to one of the four outputs of the control unit, and the output of the circulator is connected to the input of the receiver, the output of which is connected to the information processing unit, the output of which is connected to one of four inputs of the control unit, to the fifth input of which a switching device is connected, and a matching device with a data transmission network is connected to the bi-directional output of the control unit, and At the same time, each of the four antennas has a reading zone that does not intersect with the reading zones of other antennas and in which transponders and airborne sensors located in the areas of wheelsets, locking and sealing devices, marking containers, sensors installed on cars and locomotives are read. 2. The automated system according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmitter is made in the form of a transmitter with the possibility of modulation, and the modulating input is connected to the fifth output of the control unit. 3. The automated system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the locking devices equipped with a transponder are located on the opening parts of the car. 4. An automated system for reading information from moving objects of railway trains, containing a fixed reading device connected to the communication line and having an on-off device that is triggered when the train passes, and passive transponders for identifying an object with a constant code, located on a locomotive, carriage, wheelsets passive code sensors for identification of containers made with the possibility of reprogramming and, allowing the reader to distinguish it from the transponder codes of a locomotive, carriage, wheelset, and a closing locking device on the opening parts of the container, each locking device is equipped with a transponder that issues a code registered by the reading device in case of violation of the integrity of the locking device, characterized in that the system implements an anti-collision reading mechanism in the form of a reader containing a transceiver antenna connected to a bi-directional pin a circulator house, the input of which is connected to the output of the transmitter, the control input of which is connected to the first output of the control unit, and the modulating input is connected to the second output of the generating write or read command in accordance with the control unit algorithm embedded in it, and the circulator output is connected to the receiver input, the output of which is connected to the information processing unit, the output of which is connected to the first input of the control unit, to the second input of which the switching device is connected, and to the bi-directional output of the unit The control eye is connected to a matching device with a data transmission network, and each transponder and each on-board sensor contains a block for extracting information from a radio signal, its input connected to the input of the high-frequency signal to DC converter and connected to the output of the matching device, the first input of which is connected to the antenna and the second control input is connected to the output of the generator, the supply input of which is connected to the output of the high-frequency signal to DC converter and the power input of the unit for extracting information from the radio signal, which selects the information in accordance with the embedded algorithm. 5. The automated system according to claim 4, characterized in that the locking devices equipped with a transponder are located on the opening parts of the car.

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