RU2318562C2 - Fire-extinguishing method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire-fighting.

SUBSTANCE: fire-extinguishing method involves delivering flame-suppression agent into fire site inside thin-walled closed vessels, where flame-suppression agent is heated to generate steam-and-gas mixture; isolating burning surface to prevent oxidizing agent ingress along outer surfaces of thin-walled closed vessels along with heat removing from fire site by provision of heat-exchange through thin wall and heating flame-suppression agent to create steam-and-gas mixture with hot gases generated in fire site. In fire-extinguishing device no additional flame-suppression agent heating source is required. Fire-extinguishing device includes thin-walled closed vessel filled with flame-suppression agent, which may be heated by heat-exchange through thin wall of the vessel. Flame-suppression agent heating results in multiple flame-suppression agent volume increase to generate steam-and-gas mixture.

EFFECT: increased efficiency.

5 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods and means of extinguishing fires using flame-retardant substances, as well as their prevention.

A known method of delivering a fire extinguishing agent (according to the application RU 2003120520), selected as a prototype of the method, characterized in that the fire extinguishing agent is placed tightly in a shell made of a gas-tight material, for example, from a plastic film, before being delivered to the fire, and then delivered to the fire fire using throwing devices, such as pneumatic or powder guns. The disadvantage of this method is its lack of effectiveness.

A device for extinguishing fires according to the patent US 4696347, selected as a prototype of the device, consisting of a thin-walled closed tank with a flame-retardant composition, made to ensure heating of the flame-retardant composition from the combustion source. The disadvantage of this device is its lack of effectiveness.

An object of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the method and device for extinguishing fires.

The technical result is achieved in a method of extinguishing fires, which consists in the use of thin-walled closed containers with a flame-retardant substance, which are delivered to the combustion site, while using such thin-walled closed containers with a flame-retardant substance, which are made to insulate the combustion surface from the input of the oxidizing agent on their outer sides, lowering the flame temperature due to heat transfer through the thin walls of the containers between the combustion source and the flame-extinguishing substance with its heating until gas-vapor mixture, and the release of gas-vapor mixture into the combustion zone after the rupture of the tanks due to a sharp increase in pressure inside them. Thin-walled enclosed containers are delivered to the combustion chamber along with water using standard equipment, such as hydrants. Thin-walled closed containers are used, connected by jumpers.

The technical result is achieved in a device for extinguishing fires, consisting of a thin-walled closed tank with a flame-retardant inside it, capable of being heated through a thin wall by heating through a thin wall, repeatedly increasing in volume and forming a vapor-gas mixture. Thin-walled closed containers with a flame-retardant in them have at least one jumper.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing.

A fire extinguishing device consists of a closed thin-walled container 1 of any shape with a flame-retardant in it 2, for example, water, carbon dioxide, their mixture or other substance with a more complex chemical composition, capable of heating through a thin wall by heating from a fire source repeatedly increase in volume and form a gas-vapor mixture. Thin-walled closed containers can be made both from polymeric materials, and from materials of animal and vegetable origin, for example, animal guts, and have a nominal diameter of one or two centimeters. Thin-walled closed containers can be interconnected by jumpers 3.

The method and device work as follows.

Thin-walled closed containers with a flame-extinguishing substance located in them are placed in places of a possible fire, in a burning area or along the flame front.

At the first stage, the combustion surface is insulated on the outer sides of thin-walled closed containers, which sharply limits the flow of oxidizing agent, for example, oxygen from air, to the combustion surface.

At the second stage, the flame temperature decreases due to heat transfer between the flame-extinguishing substance and the combustion products through a thin wall. Thin-walled closed containers repeatedly increase in volume during the formation of a gas-vapor mixture, which also limits the flow of oxidizing agent.

At the third stage, the thin-walled shell is destroyed due to a sharp increase in pressure inside the thin-walled closed containers and the resulting vapor-gas mixture is thrown into the combustion zone.

Thin-walled enclosed containers with a flame-retardant in them can be delivered to the combustion chamber together with a standard flame-retardant, for example water, using standard equipment, such as hydrants.

Thin-walled closed containers with a flame-retardant in them can be connected by jumpers, which ensures their best engagement, for example, with the crowns of trees, or can be made in the form of carpets, which allows you to create protective stripes along the front of the flame, for example, during steppe fires.

This invention can be used both to prevent possible fire, for example, in the form of a roof in attic spaces, and to extinguish forest, steppe and other types of fires. This invention is simple in manufacture can be in working condition for years without requiring preventive maintenance. For delivery to the source of ignition, any non-specialized equipment can be used, for example, airplanes, helicopters, trucks, horse-drawn vehicles, since the flame-retardant is in closed thin-walled containers.

Claims (5)

1. The method of extinguishing fires, which consists in the use of thin-walled closed containers with flame-retardant, which are delivered to the combustion site, characterized in that they use such thin-walled closed containers with flame-retardant, which are made to ensure that the combustion surface is isolated from the oxidizing agent on their outer sides, reducing the temperature of the flame due to heat transfer through the thin walls of the containers between the combustion source and the flame-extinguishing substance with its heating to the formation of a vapor-gas esi, and release of gas mixture in the combustion hearth after rupture of containers due to a sharp increase in the pressure within them. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the thin-walled closed containers are delivered to the combustion chamber together with water using standard equipment, for example hydrants. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that thin-walled closed containers are used, connected by jumpers. 4. A device for extinguishing fires, consisting of a thin-walled closed tank with a flame-retardant inside it, capable of multiply increasing in volume and forming a vapor-gas mixture when heated from a combustion source due to heat transfer through a thin wall. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the thin-walled closed containers with a flame-retardant in them have at least one jumper.