RU2317903C1 - Method to control operation of power drive - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to power drives of pneumohydraulic type, particularly, to automatic parking brakes of railway vehicles. Proposed method to control operation of power drive including working medium source, control of and actuating members comes to evaluation of facts of straight and return displacements of fixing member at operation of power drive and when power drive stops its operation. Straight and return displacement of fixing member is initiated by potential energy of force of additional elastic body onto said member. Said action is effected at appearing of preset level of working medium gauge pressure acting onto actuating member and corresponding displacement of the latter. In process of operation of power drive, straight displacement of fixing member including rod arranged in housing-bushing installed in cover of cylinder of power drive is initiated by action onto rod by force realized by potential energy of working medium used in power drive at which rod is displaced and acts onto contact element with subsequent switching on of signaling. When power drive stops it action, return displacement of rod is provided by force action onto rod at corresponding movement of actuating member to release position at which action of rod onto contact element is stopped which leads to switching off of signaling.

EFFECT: improved reliability.

3 dwg

Description

The technical field to which the invention relates.

The invention relates to power drives, mainly pneumohydraulic type, for technical structures, mainly vehicles, and in particular to automatic parking brakes of railway rolling stock.

The level of technology.

A known brake release alarm [1, p. 249], which comprises a contactor element and a spring-loaded diaphragm interacting with it, the control chamber of which is communicated with the working cavity of the brake cylinder. The method of controlling the action of the power drive implemented in this detector is as follows. A fixing link (diaphragm) is used, upon the fact of the displacement (deflection) of which the action of the power drive is evaluated. This displacement is caused by the normalized level of excess pressure of the used working fluid (compressed air), which is present in the proper cavity of the power drive (working cavity of the brake cylinder). In this case, the normalized level of excess pressure of the used working fluid required for control is predetermined by the impact on the fixing link (diaphragm) of the initial force, which is created with the help of the potential energy of an additional elastic body (spring). The disadvantage of this method of controlling the action of the power drive is the lack of reliability. Firstly, when a spring breaks or relaxes (lowering the level or disappearing of the potential energy of an additional elastic body), the possibility of proper control of the power drive action ceases. Secondly, there may be a false control of the termination of the power drive when the diaphragm is destroyed

The closest technical solution is a track switch [2, p. 37], containing a contactor element and a spring-loaded lever with a roller interacting with it. Implemented in this device, the method of controlling the action of the power drive is as follows. The control of the power drive is carried out by stating the fact of the movement of its executive body to the appropriate amount. This fact is established by the displacement of a special locking link (a lever with a roller) initiated by the movement of the actuator of the power drive. Moreover, the specified offset is provided due to the impact on the specified link efforts from the implementation of the potential energy of an additional elastic body (spring). The disadvantage of this method of controlling the action of the power drive is its lack of reliability, determined by the possibility of breaking or relaxation of the spring (lowering the level or disappearance of the potential energy of the additional elastic body), which leads to the cessation of the possibility of proper control of the action of the power drive.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the proposed method for controlling the action of a power drive is to increase its reliability.

The goal is achieved as follows. The pneumatic-hydraulic power drive contains a source of the working fluid, control and executive bodies. The action of the power drive and the termination of its action is controlled using, respectively, direct and return displacements of the locking link. The work of this link is initiated by the action on it of the force arising from the realization of the potential energy of an additional elastic body. This effect is carried out when an appropriate level of excess pressure is used, which is used for the action of the power drive of the working fluid and the proper movements of the actuator.

The proposed method of controlling the action of the power drive is characterized in that, under the action of the power drive, the direct displacement of the locking link is initiated by the action of forces from the potential energy of the working fluid, which is used for the action of the power drive. In this case, the locking link contains a rod located in the housing-sleeve, which is installed in the cylinder cover of the power drive. By initiating the mentioned force, the rod is displaced and acts on the contactor element, which includes an alarm. After the termination of the power drive, the reverse displacement of the rod is initiated by the impact on it of the force arising from the corresponding movement of the executive body to the release position. The reciprocal displacement of the rod causes the cessation of the impact on the contactor element, which leads to the disconnection of the alarm.

The claimed technical solution meets the criteria of the invention of "Novelty" (N). A comparative analysis of the proposed solution with the prototype shows the difference of the claimed solution from the known one, namely, that the shift of the rod of the locking link necessary to control the action of the power drive is initiated by the force realized by the potential energy of the working fluid used in the power drive, and not by the potential energy of the additional elastic body.

The claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "Inventive step (IS). Thus, a comparison of the proposed solution with the solutions known in the art shows that the use of effort from the realization of the potential energy of an excessive level of pressure of the working fluid to act on various types of fixing links is widely known. However, their implementation in the proposed method for controlling the action of a pneumatic-hydraulic type power drive exhibits the following new properties.

1. The reliability of the control of the action of the power drive is achieved, achieved by using the potential energy used for the power drive to work, the level of excess pressure of the working fluid, which initiates the force acting on the locking link. This excludes the influence on the reliability of the control of the probability of a possible decrease or complete disappearance of the initiating effort realized by the potential energy of the additional elastic body (relaxation or kink of the spring when it is used as an additional elastic body).

2. The stability of the rod causing the displacement of the fixing link of the initiating force is ensured due to the practically unchanged elastic properties of the level of excess pressure of the working fluid. This eliminates the reduction (when using an additional elastic spring body) of the initiating force displacing the rod of the fixing link, realized by the potential energy of the additional elastic spring body, the level of which significantly decreases from its working compression to the value of preliminary compression.

3. The material consumption and dimensions of the fixing link are reduced, for the operation of which the installation of an additional elastic body is not required.

The claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "Industrial applicability" (IA), as it can be used in power drives of the pneumohydraulic type of various technical structures (vehicles, hoisting mechanisms, etc.).

The list of figures drawings.

The invention is illustrated by the structural diagram of the proposed method for controlling the action of a pneumatic-hydraulic type power drive and the operation schemes of the device for its implementation.

Figure 1, as an example, presents a structural diagram of the claimed technical solution in use for monitoring the action of the auto-brake of railway rolling stock. This diagram contains: a power drive 1 (auto-brake), which includes a control body 2 (for example, an air distributor), a source of a working fluid 3 (for example, a brake line) and an actuator 4 (for example, a brake cylinder) and a fixing link 5.

Figure 2 shows, by way of example, the operation scheme of the device implementing the claimed technical solution in the train position of the autobrake (in the absence of a power drive), in which a hollow rod of the fixing link is used to supply the working fluid used in the power drive. An exemplary device includes a rod 5 (locking link) located in the sleeve housing 12. The sleeve 12 is mounted in the rear cover 8 of the brake cylinder 9. The rod 5 (locking link), sealed with cuffs 11, interacts when displaced with the contactor element 7 (for example, a microswitch) through the ball-pusher 6. The housing sleeve 12 and the contactor element 7 are protected from external influences by the casing 13.

Figure 3 shows the operation diagram of the inventive technical solution of the device with the braking position of the auto-brake (in the situation of the power drive). The shading shows the situation of filling the cavities and the channel in the hollow rod 5 (a special fixing link) with compressed air (working fluid).

-управляющее воздействие управляющего органа (воздухораспределителя), с индексом

- усилие от реализации потенциальной энергии рабочего тела (сжатого воздуха), с индексом

- усилие от обратного передвижения исполнительного органа (поршня 10); прерывистой стрелкой с индексом L_иу - передвижение исполнительного органа (поршня 10).Figure 1 and figure 3 shows: a solid arrow with an index

-controlling effect of the governing body (air distributor), with index

- effort from the implementation of the potential energy of the working fluid (compressed air), with the index

- effort from the reverse movement of the actuator (piston 10); with a dashed arrow with the index L _iu - the movement of the actuator (piston 10).

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention.

An embodiment of the claimed technical solution in application for monitoring the action of an automatic brake of a railway rolling stock is represented by the operation schemes of a device implementing it, in which a hollow rod of a fixing link is used to supply the working fluid used in the drive (Fig. 2 and Fig. 3).

In the process of increasing the pressure in the brake cylinder 9 when the air distributor (in figure 2 and figure 3 is not shown) for braking takes place:

от реализации потенциальной энергии рабочего тела), наполняющего рабочую полость тормозного цилиндра 9 традиционным порядком;- the impact on the piston 10 (executive body) of the level of excess pressure of compressed air (force

from the realization of the potential energy of the working fluid) filling the working cavity of the brake cylinder 9 in the traditional manner;

- the movement of the piston 10 (Executive body) from the release position (shown in figure 2) to the braking position (shown in figure 3) at a distance L _{and O.}

, воздействующего на полый шток 5 (фиксирующее звено). В результате этого воздействия полый шток 5 (фиксирующее звено) смещается вслед за поршнем 10 (исполнительным органом) на упомянутое расстояние L_иО. Это смещение, в свою очередь, вызывает подпирание шарика-толкателя 6 и замыкание контакторного элемента (микровыключателя) 7, чем обеспечивается включение соответствующей сигнализации.At the same time, the pressure level of the compressed air acting on the piston 10 through the through channel in the hollow stem 5 enters the control chamber (in Fig. 3, to the left of the hollow stem). This leads to a corresponding effort.

acting on the hollow rod 5 (locking link). As a result of this action, the hollow rod 5 (locking link) is displaced after the piston 10 (actuator) by the mentioned distance L _{and О.} This displacement, in turn, causes the ball-pusher 6 to be propped up and the contactor element (microswitch) 7 to be closed, thereby enabling the corresponding signaling to be activated.

на поршень 10 (исполнительный орган) и полый шток 5 (фиксирующее звено). В результате поршень 10 (исполнительный орган) передвигается в отпускное положение традиционной работой его возвратной пружины (на фиг.2 и фиг.3 не показана). Усилие

от этого возвратного передвижения поршня 10 (исполнительного органа), воздействуя на торец полого штока 5 (фиксирующего звена), приводит к возвратному смещению последнего (см. фиг.2). В итоге подпирание полым штоком 5 (фиксирующим звеном) шарика-толкателя 6 прекращается, что приводит к размыканию контакторного элемента (микровыключателя) 7 и отключению соответствующей сигнализации.When the air distributor operates on vacation, as you know, compressed air (working fluid) from the working cavity of the brake cylinder 9 is rarefied into the atmosphere. This leads to the cessation of the impact of the effort.

on the piston 10 (actuator) and the hollow rod 5 (locking link). As a result, the piston 10 (actuator) moves to the holiday position by the traditional operation of its return spring (not shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3). An effort

from this return movement of the piston 10 (actuator), acting on the end face of the hollow rod 5 (fixing link), leads to a return displacement of the latter (see figure 2). As a result, the support of the pusher ball 6 is stopped by the hollow rod 5 (fixing link), which leads to the opening of the contactor element (microswitch) 7 and the corresponding alarm is turned off.

The technical result.

Compared with the known use of the proposed technical solution increases the reliability of the control of the action of the power drive of the pneumohydraulic type, which is provided by:

- increasing the reliability of controlling the action of the power drive, achieved by using the potential energy used for the power drive to work, the level of excess pressure of the working fluid, which simultaneously initiates the force acting on the locking link. This excludes the influence on the reliability of the control of the probability of a possible decrease or complete disappearance of the initiating effort realized by the potential energy of the additional elastic body (relaxation or kink of the spring when it is used as an additional elastic body);

- an increase in the stability of the initiating force, causing the displacement of the rod of the fixing link, due to the almost constant elastic properties of the level of excess pressure of the working fluid. This eliminates the reduction (when using an additional elastic spring body) of the initiating force causing the displacement of the locking rod of the fixing link, realized by the potential energy of the additional elastic spring body, the level of which decreases significantly when the locking rod moves from the value of its working compression to the value of preliminary compression;

- reducing the number of components of the locking link.

At the same time, the material consumption and dimensions of the fixing link are reduced, the operation of which does not require the use of an additional elastic body (spring).

The proposed method for controlling the action of a pneumatic-hydraulic type power drive is widely applicable in power drives of various technical structures, including various types of vehicles.

Information sources

1. Inozemtsev V.G., Kazarinov V.M., Yasentsev V.F. Auto brakes. Textbook for high schools. transport. - M.: Transport, 1981.

2. Auto-brake and pneumatic equipment of rolling stock of rail vehicles. Catalog. - M .: ASTO Association, 2003.

Claims (1)

A method of controlling the action of a pneumatic-hydraulic type power drive containing a source of a working fluid, control and executive bodies, in which the action of the power drive and the termination of its action is evaluated by the facts of direct and return displacements of the fixing link, respectively, which initiate the action of an additional elastic body, which is realized by potential energy, moreover, this effect is carried out when an appropriate level of excess pressure of the working fluid occurs, about the executive body and the proper movements of the latter, characterized in that under the action of the power drive, the direct displacement of the locking link, including the rod, placed in the sleeve housing installed in the cylinder cover of the power drive, is initiated by exposing the rod to a force realized by the potential energy used in the power the drive of the working fluid, in which the rod is displaced and acts on the contactor element with the subsequent activation of the alarm, and when the power drive is terminated, return cm schenie rod initiate force acting on it with a corresponding movement actuator body in the vacation position, the impact on the rod ceases contactor element that turns off the alarm.

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