RU2316367C2 - X-ray therapy assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical equipment.

SUBSTANCE: X-ray therapy assembly has set of replaceable modules of optical radiation; radiation control device, optical power metering device, which has photoreceiver; microprocessor connected with control board and indicator. Besides that, pulse measuring device is introduced, which has pulse frequency, filling index and oxygen saturation blood detector. Optical radiation replaceable modules are provided with individual digital code. Radiation control device, optical radiation module, power meter and pulse measuring device are connected with microprocessor, which connected with personal computer. Radiation treatment is carried out by means of automatic mating of radiation modes with individual data of patient.

EFFECT: widened abilities of treatment; objective inspection of patient's state during procedure.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medical equipment, in particular to therapeutic units using optical radiation.

A device for laser therapy according to the patent of the Russian Federation 2196624, IPC ⁷ A61N 5/067. The device contains several sources of laser therapy for the infrared and visible ranges of radiation, a power supply and control unit. The radiation sources are placed with the possibility of contouring in a circle around the impact zone and are emitters placed in capsules with a non-diverging beam of infrared and visible radiation ranges. The number of emitters is from 10 to 500. Exposure to infrared and visible radiation can be carried out simultaneously or alternately. The control unit in the device allows highly automated treatment process. For this, the control unit contains power modules with stabilizers of the pump current, an adapter, a switch, a microprocessor with read-only memory (ROM) on an integrated circuit. The treatment regimen is selected for each patient individually, for example, by the method of controlling Voll points. The patient’s pressure and pulse are measured before and after radiation (without the participation of a known device), and the prospect of further laser irradiation is evaluated by the measurement results. The microprocessor controls the operating modes of all emitters: it allows you to generate pulses in a wide range of repetition frequencies, to perform pulse-width modulation with a duty cycle range from 100 to 2, which provides a wide range of changes in the output radiation power. Timers set the exposure time, pause, one treatment session. ROM integrated circuits contain microprograms of the device operation algorithms corresponding to each specific disease.

The device does not allow to obtain operational information about changes in the patient's condition during the therapeutic procedure and to quickly change its parameters.

For a long time, helium-neon lasers with a radiation wavelength of 0.633 μm (reaching the edge of the effective absorption band of blood) and a radiation power of up to 2.5 mW have been successfully used as hardware for intravenous laser blood irradiation (VLOK). However, such lasers are expensive, unreliable, powered by high voltage, have large dimensions and weight. All this did not allow the widespread use of such therapeutic equipment in medical practice.

The Mulat serial device for VLOK uses inexpensive and reliable semiconductor laser emitters with a wavelength of about 0.635 microns. This is close to the wavelength of the semiconductor He-Ne laser, which leads to their greater efficiency. To control the treatment procedure there are: a connector for connecting a special laser head, buttons [timer] for selecting the exposure time, buttons for adjusting the radiation power, a photodetector window. During the operation of the apparatus, the following are additionally provided: control of the radiation power at the output of the fiber; control of the time remaining until the end of the session; light indication of inclusion in a network; sound and light indication of the beginning and end of the session. The device has small dimensions and weight. A set of disposable sterile optical fibers to the device is provided [Moskvin S.V., Azizov G.A. Intravenous laser irradiation of blood. - M .: SIC "Matrix", 2004. - 32 p. - 8 ill. ISBN 5-89337-114-3].

The closest invention is the Adept-Mono laser apparatus (blood irradiation) [www.unimed-quant.ru e-mail: unimed-quant@ngs.ru].

The design used the arrangement in which the laser is located in the apparatus. Radiation is transmitted to the exposure zones through a light main light guide and nozzles for intravenous or supravenous irradiation of blood. The device is available in two versions:

1) option 1 - supravenous (percutaneous) blood irradiation with a 0.95 μm infrared laser with a power of 250 mW and a cutaneous nozzle;

2) option 2 - intravenous blood irradiation with a red laser of 0.63-0.65 μm with a power of 15 mW and a main light guide for disposable VLOK needles (nozzles).

The device has microprocessor control, an indication of the duration of the procedure, modulation frequency, power and dose of exposure to laser radiation using a semiconductor laser, a smooth installation of power and frequency of modulation of laser radiation power from min to max, a power indicator and automatic conversion of all parameters into a dose.

However, this device also does not allow to obtain information about changes in the patient’s condition during the therapeutic session and to promptly affect the quality of the treatment procedure.

The technical task of the invention is that

- expand the possibilities of light therapy by generating control signals based on pulse oximetry data (pulse rate, filling index) to automatically match the radiation power with an individual change in the patient’s blood flow;

- provide objective monitoring of the patient's condition during the therapeutic procedure;

- provide automatic installation of radiation power at the output of the fiber;

- create a data bank for each patient with the ability to use the accumulated information to automatically select the type and modes of procedures.

A radiation therapy apparatus is disclosed, comprising an optical power meter including a photodetector; a set of replaceable modules of optical radiation; radiation control device (its power and modulation frequency); microprocessor; control Panel; indicator, characterized in that

- additionally introduced a pulse oximeter, including a sensor, and replaceable modules of optical radiation, individualized by means of a digital code;

- while the radiation control device, the optical radiation module, the power meter and the pulse oximeter are connected to the microprocessor with the ability to create communication lines for control signals at the input of the radiation control device in an interactive mode; the microprocessor is also connected to a personal computer.

The power supply is not represented in the analogue and is not described in the inventive installation, since it is implied as an integral block of all electronic devices, devices and equipment with generally accepted installation and operation rules. The power source generates voltages + 5V (10), ± 9V, necessary for the operation of the installation.

The drawing 1 shows the installation diagram.

An optical power meter 2 is connected to the microprocessor 1, including a photodetector 3, a radiation control device 4, an optical radiation module 5 with a light guide 6, also connected to a control device 4, and a pulse oximeter 7 with a sensor 8: patient's pulse rate; pulse filling index; blood oxygen saturation (SpO ₂ ). The measurement data and the parameters of the operating modes of the installation are transmitted by the microprocessor 1 to the indicator 9. The readiness for operation of the installation as a whole, the choice of operating modes is set using the control panel 10, which interacts with the microprocessor 1. The software of the microprocessor 1 allows you to carry out the installation with the connection to an external personal computer eleven.

Installation work is carried out in a dialogue mode.

Before starting the procedure, the control menu is displayed on indicator 9 by applying signals from microprocessor 1. By pressing the appropriate buttons on the control panel 10, digital signals 12 are generated, which are input to the microprocessor and select the operating mode, start and stop the procedure.

The radiation control device provides the formation of the operating current 13 supplied to the optical radiation module 5, its inclusion, shutdown and step change. The magnitude of the operating current is set by the analog signal 14 from the output of the DAC of the microprocessor. By changing this signal in the range from 0 to 5 V, the required optical power is set at the output of module 5. Digital signals 15 from the microprocessor are used to pulse modulate the radiation power. So turning on and off the operating current serves to start and end the procedure, as well as for pulse modulation of radiation in the frequency range from 50 to 1000 Hz. A step change in the operating current serves for low-frequency modulation with a pulse frequency (in the range from 0.5 to 5 Hz).

For automatic recognition of the type of plug-in optical radiation module, an individual code 16 is used, which is transmitted from module 5 to the microprocessor.

The unit is equipped with interchangeable modules 5: these are emitters for intravenous irradiation of blood, red (640 nm) and green (530 nm); emitters for surface irradiation, infrared (850 nm), red (640 nm), green (530 nm), blue (450 nm). The radiation power is provided for intravenous blood irradiation of 0.5 ÷ 3 mW in increments of 0.25 mW (for the red emitter); 0.2 ÷ 1 mW in increments of 0.1 mW (for green emitter).

The optical power meter 2 using a photodetector converts the optical signal 17 from the output of the optical radiation module 5 into an electrical signal 18. This signal, which is proportional to the optical power, is fed to the ADC input of the microprocessor and is used by the microprocessor to set a given value of optical power at the output of module 5 or at the output of the light guide 6 with an intravenous procedure.

The pulse oximeter 7 provides the operation of the SpO ₂ sensor (signals 19, 20) and the processing of the signal 21 received from it. From the pulse oximeter output through the serial port to the microprocessor input information about the pulse rate, blood oxygen saturation (SpO ₂ ) and pulse filling index is received - signal 22 .

Communication between the microprocessor and the pulse oximeter is carried out by logical signals through the RS232 channel. The microprocessor receives packages with information about the pulse rate, blood oxygen saturation (SpO ₂ ), the pulse filling index, as well as the amplitude readings of the pulse wave itself. The period of repetition of packages is 20 ms.

After the installation is turned on, microprocessor 1 displays on the screen of indicator 9 information on the current configuration of the installation, taking into account the modules connected to it (type of emitter and the presence or absence of pulse 8 sensor 8).

The following is a menu of four sections:

1) select a ready-made procedure from a set of procedures recorded in the installation memory;

2) edit the finished procedure;

3) create a new procedure by selecting the necessary parameters (radiation wavelength, radiation power, duration of the procedure, reference to a pulse wave, modulation frequency);

4) transfer data to a computer.

When choosing a procedure, its number is set. Then a description of the selected procedure is displayed. Only procedures that correspond to the current configuration are offered for viewing. For example, if the pulse oximeter sensor is not connected, then it is impossible to modulate the radiation power by binding to a pulse wave.

When choosing to edit the finished procedure, you must set its number. For editing, you can select those procedures that do not correspond to the current configuration of the device. After editing the last parameter, it is proposed to either remember the changes made under the current number, or save them under the new number, or apply the procedure without storing.

To set the parameter values of the newly created procedure, the transition to the next parameter is possible only after entering valid values for the current parameter. After entering all the parameters, it is proposed to either remember the changes or apply the procedure without remembering.

If necessary, all data on the choice of procedure is transferred to a computer.

The installation provides a mode of binding to a pulse wave. For this, the pulse oximeter sensor is placed on the patient and the mode is activated. The microprocessor starts checking for the presence of a pulse signal from the pulse oximeter 7. If the message indicates that the pulse oximeter sensor is missing, then only those that do not use a pulse oximeter are among the list of ready-made procedures.

At any stage of the dialogue mode, a return to the menu of the previous level is provided.

After preparing for work, they go directly to the therapeutic procedure. The message “Connect the fiber, bring the end to the power meter” appears. When you press the START key, the microprocessor turns on the optical radiation module 5 and adjusts the output power of the optical fiber 6 to the value selected for this procedure. For this, the microprocessor gradually increases the code supplied to the DAC for controlling the radiation power, starting from zero to the maximum. After each step of changing the code, the microprocessor compares the signal from the output of the optical power meter 2 with the power value selected for this procedure. Power control stops when the difference between the signal from the output of the power meter and the set power value becomes less than half the power control step.

Then the fiber is placed on the patient. After pressing START, module 5 is turned on and the countdown timer for the duration of the procedure begins. In addition, the patient’s number, time and date, procedure number and its content, pulse oximeter parameters are recorded in the microprocessor memory: pulse rate, pulse filling index and oxygen content in the blood SpO ₂ . During the procedure, the time remaining until the end of the procedure is displayed. At intervals of 5 minutes, the current pulse oximeter readings are recorded in the microprocessor memory. At the end of the procedure, module 5 is turned off.

Claims (1)

Installation for radiation therapy containing a set of interchangeable modules of optical radiation; radiation control device; optical power meter, including a photodetector; a microprocessor associated with a control panel and an indicator, characterized in that a pulse oximeter is further introduced, including a heart rate sensor, a pulse filling index; blood oxygen saturation, and replaceable modules of optical radiation equipped with an individual digital code; wherein the radiation control device, the optical radiation module, the power meter and the pulse oximeter are connected to a microprocessor connected to a personal computer.