RU2316302C2 - Cosmetic device for massaging skin of skull and for hair care - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cosmetic devices; hygiene.

SUBSTANCE: cosmetic device can find its place in daily life for hygienic and prophylactic care of skin and hair. Device for massaging skin and caring of hair has teeth tightly fixed onto base or onto base provided with handle. Mentioned teeth are conjugated with light guides of teeth. The light guides of teeth are illuminated by light illuminator provided with electric power source having system for switching-off and -on to radiator. Device is made in form of scraper, having one row of teeth in number of 5-7 disposed onto base. Plane of scraper is perpendicular to axis of handle. Base is disposed at end of handle. Light guides are collected in light guide bundle, which ends up with flat edge. Light guide radiator is disposed in opposition to edge. Light wavelength of radiator varies within 0,4-0,8 mcm. Any tooth at end, contacting with skin, is provided with flat almost spherical washer, being transparent to radiation: washer is brought into optical contact with light guide. Areas being difficult of access can be reached.

EFFECT: moderate radiation at massage.

2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

A cosmetic device in the form of combs, brushes, scrapers for skin massage and hair care can be used as a preventive device in a person’s daily life in the process of hygienic care for scalp hair and skin massage, as well as in the process of hygienic care for pets, for example, dogs.

Known massage comb [1], intended for the treatment of diseases of the skin of the scalp, stimulation and hair growth, which is a body with hollow teeth (teeth) and a handle with a cavity, which houses a source of electrical energy, a semiconductor quantum light generator and optical fibers, one the end of which is located in the cavity of each tooth, and the other ends of the optical fibers are connected to the output mirror of the quantum generator. A magnet is placed in the cavity of each tooth, covering the end of the fiber. It is proposed to use an optical quantum generator of the type LPD-102, which provides the radiated power of each tooth comb at least 10 ^-4 W in continuous mode with a wavelength of 0.63 microns or 0.95 microns.

Also known massage brush [2], containing a housing with teeth (teeth), a handle with a cavity for placing an electric power source, as well as optical radiation sources and a magnetic field source, placed in the teeth of the comb. A program control unit is placed in the handle cavity, and the optical radiation unit is made in the form of a set of optical radiation sources of different wavelengths, and these radiation sources are located in sockets opposite the teeth so that between the opposite poles of each magnet an optical radiation source is alternately located. It is important to note that the entire tooth in this case (and possibly the entire "body" of the housing) is made of a material that is optically transparent to light from the emitter. The total optical power of all radiation sources (LEDs are proposed) is not less than 0.8 mW.

Both well-known massage combs in their purpose and technical parameters can be adopted as a prototype. In this case, the disadvantage of the prototype [1] should be considered:

- the use of a light emitter in the form of an optical quantum generator, which significantly increases the cost of the comb and limits the number of radiation wavelengths of 0.63 μm and 0.95 μm,

- the use of a wavelength of 0.95 μm, according to the authors of this proposal, is undesirable, since the high penetrating ability of this radiation, especially in the upper part of the neck of the person and behind the ear, which are not protected by the bones of the skull, can have the same undesirable effect on person, as the radiating power of a mobile radiotelephone while working in communication mode or searching for a base station,

* The disadvantages of combs according to [2] include:

- the high cost associated with the presence of a large number of magnets of complex shape, a large number of LEDs (for each tooth by LED), the presence of not a simple block of software control LEDs,

- inefficient use of radiation power by a tooth, which is all made of a material transparent to light.

A common disadvantage of massage combs according to [1 and 2] should be considered:

- insufficient justification for the simultaneous exposure to light radiation and a magnetic field during skin massage and hair care in the upper neck and ear region of a person that is not protected by the bones of the skull,

* - the number of optical fibers is limited by the size of the laser output window.

- presented (in the drawings) the ends of the teeth in contact with the skin do not provide safe use of the comb for everyday hygienic use.

The present invention is a cosmetic (rather than therapeutic, as in the prototype) device for skin massage and hair care is intended to eliminate the above disadvantages of the prototypes.

The technical result is the creation of a device with cosmetic and preventive moderate irradiation of the skin with the hair of a person or animal in the visible range of radiation.

The technical result is achieved in that in the proposed cosmetic device, which includes teeth (teeth), rigidly fixed on the base or on the base with a handle comb, which are connected to the light guide light emitter, and the opposite ends of the light guide are illuminated by a light emitter equipped with an electric power source with a system to turn off the source to the emitter, while the optical fibers of each tooth are assembled in a light guide, which ends with a flat end. An LED light emitter is located opposite the end, and the distance from the end of the bundle — the light emitter is set taking into account the radiation pattern of the emitting flux at a radiation wavelength in the range of 0.4-0.8 μm.

The cosmetic device is structurally proposed to be made in the form of a brush with several rows of teeth on the base parallel to each other or in the form of a scraper in which there is only one row of teeth (5-7 teeth), and the row plane is perpendicular to the axis of the base handle, which is located at the end of the handle.

It is also proposed that the waveguides of the teeth be assembled into several optical fiber bundles, and the ends of the optical fibers with LEDs combined with them are located spatially within the base or in the base handle with the possibility of replacing the light emitter and its power source.

It is also proposed to use a radiating LED with a changing color of radiation, and the source of its electrical power should be equipped with an additional color change regulator, which is displayed in the base or in the handle of the base for convenient external control.

It is also proposed that each tooth at the end in contact with the skin be provided with a surface transparent to light, smooth, close to spherical, in the form of a drop or nozzle, which are in contact with the tooth waveguide.

The proposal of the device of a cosmetic device for skin massage and hair care is based on the fact that it is considered practically established that the biological activity of human skin is intensified with moderate exposure in the visible range of radiation [3-5, 7-9].

The list of drawings confirming the possibility of implementing the proposed cosmetic device is given below.

Figure 1. - the dependence of the transparency (%) of the epidermis of the human skin on the radiation wavelength 1 (μm) from [3];

figure 2. - a diagram of the structure of human skin with the image of the hair root and sweat gland from [5], where A, B, C are the layers of the skin (A-epidermis, B is the skin (dermis), C is subcutaneous fat), M is the muscle that lifts hair, SZ - sebaceous gland, F - hair follicle, L - hair follicle, C - hair papilla, pancreas - sweat gland with outlet duct, ST - hair shaft;

figure 3. - radiation pattern of LEDs of the AL 307 series (a) and overall dimensions of this series (b) [11];

figure 4. - some versions of the tooth profiles articulated with a light guide emitter, the ends of which are provided with drops or nozzles transparent to light, where 1 is a tooth in the form of a capillary, 2 is a light guide, 3 is a tooth flat with a groove for a light guide, 4 is a transparent drop, 5 is transparent nozzle.

figure 5. - dependence of transparency (%) of plexiglass (5 mm) and plexiglass (3 mm) on the wavelength λ (μm) of radiation from [3];

Fig.6. - some options for fixing the teeth on the base in the form of a plastic capillary (a) and a metal capillary (b) on the base or on a metal plate, where 1 - capillary teeth, 2 - optical fibers, 3 - a plastic base with a handle, 3 '- a metal plate for mounting on the base, 4 - top cover of the base, 5 - transparent nozzle, 6 - fiber guide, 7 - collar for fixing the fiber guide, 8 - flat end of the cable, 9 - light flux, 10 - center of the emitter, 11 - block light emitter with electric power, 12 - disconnect l-switch, 13 - plane of connection of the base 3 with the cover of the base 4, 14 - hole for mounting the plate 3 'in the base, L - the length of the base section with teeth.

Antique and medieval doctors used to cure mainly superficial skin diseases of a person (frostbite, ulcers, carbuncles, etc.) the light of burning coals, foci and red-hot iron.

In [8], published in 1878, entire chapters are devoted to “chromotherapy” - the healing properties of color and light. Of course, “Chromophilosophy”, which underlies the understanding of the nature of light and color, is unacceptable today, but the recommendations for therapeutic therapy and the therapeutic effect of radiation are still applied today [5, 6, 7, 9].

With the advent of artificial light sources in the form of incandescent lamps, already in 1894 it was proposed to treat skin diseases of the hairline IMPETIGO (infectious skin disease) and SYKOSES (hair follicle disease) by radiation in the visible and near infrared ranges [4].

Recommendations for the therapeutic use of light of different colors in the visible range, set forth in the works of the mid-20th century, for antiseptic action are ~ 10 ^-2 W / cm ² at 15 min exposure duration. Levels close to the indicated, radiation in the visible and near infrared ranges are used at present [4, 9].

Figure 1 shows from [4] the dependence of the transparency of the human epidermis and its dermis (skin), from which it follows that in the wavelength range of 0.4 ... 0.8 μm, the skin has absorbing properties of this range, while how the epidermis is transparent in this range. It should be noted that the epidermis consists mainly of the stratum corneum of the skin (keratin) and protein cells with keratogialin grains (the basis of keratin), and the hair consists of horn filamentous skin derivatives, therefore, the hair should be considered almost transparent in the mentioned radiation wavelength range.

At present, light interactions with biological objects are proposed to be divided into three groups:

1st group - non-perturbing effects that do not have a noticeable effect on the biological object,

2nd group - exposure with the manifestation of photochemical action,

3rd group - exposure leading to photodestruction.

Interaction with living objects of both laser and non-laser (but with spectral identity, for example, LED) radiation is determined by the degree of HOMEOSTASIS (dynamic constancy of the composition and properties of the internal environment and the stability of the physiological functions of the body).

The authors of the proposed cosmetic device recommend the use of emitters, which provide the interaction of radiation with the skin, belonging to the 1st group.

Figure 2 presents a diagram of the structure of human skin with a hair root. The absorption of the visible radiation range of 0.4-0.8 μm is due to blood biomolecules - hemoglobin, chlorophyll, flavin, carotenoid, phycobelin [5, 7, 9], which are located mainly in layers B and C of the skin.

It should also be noted that in the skin (dermis) and in the subcutaneous fatty tissue, in addition to blood vessels, there are nerves, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, hair roots. Radiation acting on these skin elements through the reaction of the blood and nervous system affects the functions of the glands, the general metabolism, improving them by regulating cellular metabolism (the metabolic process in the cell) [7,9].

It was proposed to obtain low radiation intensity from non-laser light emitters, in particular, from LEDs, the therapeutic effect of which in the wavelength range of 0.4-0.8 μm is equivalent to laser exposure [7]. The ultraviolet range (UV) upon exposure leads to the formation of biologically active substances (HISTOLINA. Vitamin D [5]) on the skin surface, which cause an increased skin resistance to infections. However, at present, the domestic and world cosmetic industry offers consumers a wide range of effective topical preparations (shampoos, lucienes, etc.) that successfully solve the problems of infectious skin diseases. However, with the advent of fairly cheap UV LEDs, they are also recommended for use in the proposed cosmetic device.

The emissivity of LEDs is characterized by the ratio

λ _rad / Δλ _rad ≈ 10,

where λ _rad - radiation wavelength corresponding to the maximum light emission power, Δλ _rad - the width of the radiation spectrum at half the radiation power. The advantages of LED emitters include [11]:

- extremely high durability,

- work at low supply voltages (1 ... 3 V),

- a small time constant when turning on and off the power (10 ^-3 s),

- low cost.

The disadvantage of LEDs should be considered:

- strict observance of polarity when turned on,

- connection to a power source through a limiting resistance,

- small area of a luminescence.

For a cosmetic device, the authors propose using LEDs of the AL 307 series [12] with discrete radiation wavelengths:

AL 307 A; AM; B BM - red color (0.666 μm),

AL 307 V; G - green color (0.566 microns),

AL 307 D; E - yellow color (0.560 μm),

AL 307 I; L - orange color (0.70 μm).

The radiation diagram of these LEDs (a) and dimensions (b) are shown in Fig.3. The operating current value is ~ 20 mA, the operating voltage is ~ (2 ... 2.5) V, the radiation power (with an efficiency of ~ 10%) ~ (4 ... 5) · 10 ^-3 W.

AL 331A series LEDs with a variable emission color (from 0.56 μm to 0.79 μm) by changing the operating current can also be recommended.

All the main parameters of the LEDs described in [12] should be used in the design of the proposed cosmetic device.

Since the average radiation power of the mentioned LEDs is in the range (4 ... 5) -10 ^-3 W, with a possible area of contacting tooth with the skin of a human head or with the skin of animals close to (4 ... 9) -10 ^{- 2} cm ² , the irradiation of this site with optical losses, for example, equal to 0.05 and in the presence of, for example, 40 teeth, will be ~ 10 ^-4 W / cm ² .

The duration of irradiation of local skin areas during manual massage (for example, at a cosmetic device moving close to ~ 30 mm / s) is ~ (0.05-0.1) s. This circumstance allows us to consider the exposure to radiation on the scalp cosmetic (exposure time during phototherapy is (15 ... 20 min) [4, 6].

Nevertheless, the daily use of the proposed device twice a day (morning and evening) can have a preventive effect aimed at preventing diseases of the scalp. If the hair and skin are in normal condition, then there is no need for constant use of this device.

The successful development of fiber-optic communication lines in our country and abroad at the end of the 20th century prompted the authors to recommend serial production optical fibers with a diameter of 0.6 ... 1.2 mm with a light flux attenuation coefficient of 3 ... 10 dB / km for the range radiation of 0.4 ... 0.8 microns. Optical fibers coated with a micron-thick polymer film have increased mechanical strength, increased elasticity, and can be wrapped around, for example, a finger or even around a pencil. The last property of the fibers of the fiber is essential for the size of the base or base with the handle of combs, brushes, scrapers, in which the fiber guide is formed. So, with a finger diameter of 10 ... 12 mm, the bending radius should be at least 5 ... 6 mm [10].

Some options for teeth with combined fibers for the proposed devices are presented in figure 4. The size of the teeth 1 should be as close as possible to the sizes to which the consumer of these products is used. Presented in figure 4, the options for the design of the teeth are shown without dimensions, as they demonstrate the possibility of their fundamental execution. So, the wall thickness of the teeth of capillary execution 1 (a) and (b) in figure 4 and the minimum wall thickness of the conditionally flat teeth 3 in the recess zone for the optical fibers (c) and (d) in figure 4, it is recommended that at least 0.5 the diameter of the optical fiber d _St 2. In this case, the length of the teeth should be familiar to the consumer, and it can be recommended from the ratio of the tooth length l _s to d _St , which is in the range of 10 ... 20. The inner diameter of the channel in the capillary tooth (a), (b) and (d) of Fig. 4 should provide free placement of the fiber with a minimum gap between the fiber and the inner wall of the channel of the capillary.

The end of the fiber in the tooth is set so that the end of the fiber, which is a light emitter, coincides with the end plane of the tooth, as shown in Fig.4. All ends of the teeth are equipped with a surface smooth in shape of a drop 4 or nozzle 5, transparent to the light of the emitter, drops 4 at the ends of the teeth can be similar to those that can be seen on modern brushes with a rare placement of teeth. The technology of forming such droplets can also be used to obtain a transparent drop 4. The nozzle 5 must have internal dimensions corresponding to the shape of the tooth, while the nozzle can be fixed on the tooth either by gluing (see figure 4), or using a tight fit. The material of the drop or nozzle may be organic glass, plexiglass, optically transparent compound or transparent plastic, which are used as output windows in LEDs. As an example, figure 5 shows the dependence of the transparency of plexiglass (5 mm) and plexiglass (3 mm) from [4].

Fixation of the teeth on the base with the handle is shown in Fig.6 a) and b) with capillary teeth. In the case of teeth made of plastic a) they can be fixed by tightly fitting tooth 1 into the hole of the plastic base 3, followed by, for example, gluing the protruding part of the tooth with the inner surface of the base 3. The optical fibers 2 of each tooth are assembled into a fiber guide 6. Formation of a bundle 6 is carried out using a clamp-ring 7, which simultaneously fixes the tourniquet, for example, in the groove of the base 3 'and the base cover 4.

Opposite the flat end of the optical fiber bundle 8 is an LED emitter with a radiation center 10. The distance from the end of the optical fiber bundle 8 — the radiation center of the emitter 10 is set taking into account the radiation pattern of the light flux 9 (see FIG. 5). This distance should provide illumination of the entire area of the end of the bundle with minimal loss of light.

It should be noted that the number of light guide rods with flat ends can be formed several, for example, in brushes with a large number of teeth (3-6 rows of teeth). These light guide bundles can be spaced apart in different directions, at different angles with respect to the plane on which the bases of the teeth forming a row are fixed. A wide variety of options for the location of light guide rods with LEDs coupled with them is limited only by the dimensions of the base or the handle with the base in which these elements are located. A fragment of the design in Fig.6 should be considered as one of the options in the presence of one light guide. With several LED harnesses and illuminating LEDs, the source of their electrical power supply can be one, but with several limiting resistances.

Figure 4 and figure 6 presents the options of the cosmetic device in the form of a comb - with one row of teeth.

Presented in figure 4 and figure 6, the row of teeth in the design of the brush can be tripled and even increased to 4 ÷ 6 rows.

The light emitter 10 and its electric power source are located in the block 11 conditionally shown in Fig. 6 a), and the switch-on switch 12 of the power source to the LED is displayed in the handle of the base. The block 11 can be fixed in the base or in the handle of the base using various structural elements that are not shown due to their obviousness (fixing with screws, clamping elements, in special places of landing, etc.).

6 a) shows the placement of the light guide bundle and block 11 in the handle of the base. However, the handle can be located, for example, vertically to the base, can be parallel to the base (for example, like an iron handle).

The location in the base or in the handle of the base of the light guide bundle or light guide rods, emitter or light emitters with an electric power source with a shutdown system - turning on requires that the base or base with the handle be detachable, and on one half (we will call it the lower base) teeth and all of the above elements, and the other half serves as the base cover and retainer of the internal elements and blocks.

A variety of designs of the proposed cosmetic device allows us to highlight the main distinguishing features:

- the presence of an LED emitter for several optical fibers assembled in a light guide with a flat end,

- the formation of several optical fiber bundles with articulated LEDs, mainly for the design of a cosmetic device in the form of a brush,

- distance of the end face of the light guide bundle - the LED is installed in accordance with the type of LED and its radiation pattern so that the entire said end is illuminated with minimal light loss,

- it is proposed to use an LED with a varying color of radiation, in connection with which an additional color change regulator is included, which is inserted into the base or into the base handle for external control

- the design of the cosmetic device is proposed either in the form of a comb (one row of teeth), or in the form of a brush with several rows of teeth on the base parallel to each other, or in the form of a scraper, in which only one row of teeth with the number 5 -7, and the plane row perpendicular to the axis of the handle of the base, which is located at one end of the handle,

- each tooth of the cosmetic device, as shown in Fig. 4, at the end in contact with the skin is provided with a transparent, light-emitting surface, close to spherical, in the form of a drop or nozzle, which are in optical contact with the end of the tooth waveguide,

- excluded the influence of a magnetic field.

Block 11 of the light emitter with its power source in Fig.6 structurally should be performed with the possibility of replacing these elements.

The switch-on switch, as well as a possible regulator for changing the color of the radiation, are displayed on the surface of the base or in the handle of the base, and their location should be convenient for the user.

When using metal capillary teeth, one of the possible options for their preliminary fastening on a metal flat plate (one row of teeth) 3 'is presented in Fig.6.b). Capillary teeth are inserted into the holes of the plate and fixed in them by, for example, welding or threading. In principle, the plate 3 'may be arched, and the rows of teeth on this plate may be 3-6.

The plate 3 'is then fixed using special holes 14, for example, in a plastic base 3.

In a cosmetic device in the form of a comb, the teeth should be placed in one row, and in the device in the form of a brush, such rows can be 3-6.

The design of the scraper type device is distinguished by the presence of a long handle, on one end of which there is a base with one row of teeth (the number of teeth is 5-7), and the plane of the row of teeth is perpendicular to the axis of the handle.

According to the authors, a cosmetic device for combing hair and skin massage can be widely used to maintain normal functioning skin of a person, as well as domestic animals, providing a preventive effect.

The scraper can also be in demand when massaging certain, including hard-to-reach areas of the skin of a healthy person, people with limited mobility, as well as for hygienic care of hair and skin of pets, such as dogs.

Literature

1. V.N. Khristoforov, T.V. Khristoforova, A.Ya. Grabovschiner. "Massage brush for stimulation and hair growth" - RF Patent No. 2094036 (application No. 95121254/14 dated 12/15/1995) publication of 10/27/1997.

2. V.N. Khristoforov et al. “Massage comb for stimulation and hair growth” - RF Patent No. 2241428 (application No. 2003107612/14 of 03/21/2003) publication of 12/10/2004.

3. R. Hudson. "IR Systems" (section medical use of IR radiation) Translated from English - M .: Mir, 1972.

4. M. Deribury. “Practical application of infrared rays” Translated from French. - M.: Gosenergoizdat, 1960.

5. A.V. Priezhev, V.V. Tuchin, A.P. Shubochkin. "Laser diagnostics in biology and medicine." - M.: Science, 1989.

6. A popular medical encyclopedia. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1981 (section "Light therapy").

7. SL Zaguskin “DO NOT HARM” principle and methods of biocontrolled laser therapy. - M .: Scientific Center of Laser Medicine. 1995.

8. E. Babbitt "The Principles of Light and Color" (The Healing Power of Color "translation from English (based on a book published by the same author in London in 1878) - Kiev, Sofia, 1996.

9. A.S. Kryuk, V.A. Mostovnikov, I.V. Khokhlov, N.S. Serdyukov. “Therapeutic efficacy of low-intensity laser radiation” - Minsk: Science and Technology, 1986.

10. V. Glaser. "LED technology" - M .: Energoatomizdat, 1985.

11. "All about LEDs" (principle of operation, basic characteristics, switching schemes, applications). - M .: V.TS.P per No. L-10944, CSTTI / UPE OT 01.04.85.

12. Semiconductor devices. Handbook / Ed. A.V. Golonedova. - M .: "KUBK-a", 1994.

Claims (2)

1. The device for skin massage and hair care, containing rigidly fixed on the base or on the base with a handle teeth, articulated with the waveguides of the teeth, while the waveguides of the teeth are illuminated by a light emitter equipped with an electric power source with a switch-on system to turn it on to the emitter, characterized the fact that the device is made in the form of a scraper with one row of teeth number 5-7 on the base, the plane of which is perpendicular to the axis of the handle, the base is located at the end of the handle, the optical fibers are assembled in a light guide, which is closed it starts with a flat end, opposite which there is an LED light emitter with a wavelength of light in the range of 0.4-0.8 μm, and each tooth at the end in contact with the skin is equipped with a transparent for light radiation smooth, close to spherical shape, which is located in the optical contact with the light guide. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the LED light emitter is made with a variable color of radiation, and the electric power supply is additionally equipped with a color change controller, which is displayed in the base or in the handle of the base.

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