RU2314991C1 - Multiscoop hydraulic crab bucket - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: material handling equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to detachable load-gripping member of load-lifting crane designed for reloading of scrap and other shot-length loads. Proposed multiscoop hydraulic grab bucket has carrying structure, scoops hinge-mounted on structure and hydraulic drive of scoops including hydraulic cylinders connected with each scoop whose rod and piston spaces are connected by pipelines through hydraulic distributor with hydraulic pump and return main. Carrying structure is made in from of hollow cylinder on side surface of which are formed to accommodate hydraulic devices, pockets being closed by casing. Made integral with lower part of cylinder is working liquid reservoir of hydraulic system. Hydraulic cylinders of scoops are covered by casing and are provided with pilot controlled check valves installed on pipelines delivering working liquid into their piston space.

EFFECT: improved reliability and safety in operation.

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Description

The invention relates to lifting and handling equipment, namely to a removable load-gripping body of a crane, and is intended for the transshipment of scrap metal and other short loads.

Known hydraulic grapple containing jaws driven by a power cylinder, the rod cavity of which is connected to the pressure line. In addition, the grab contains an additional cylinder equipped with an earring for hanging on the crane hook, and its rod cavity is connected by a safety and non-return valve to the pressure line (see AS SU No. 806585, MKI-3 V66C 3/16).

A disadvantage of the known grapple is its low productivity due to the low scooping ability of the jaws.

The closest technical solution to the claimed one is a hydraulic grab containing a supporting structure, consisting of upper and lower traverses interconnected by racks rotating around a vertical axis from the drive, providing jaws rotated relative to each other, pivotally mounted on the racks. In addition, one end of each jaw drive hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the racks (see AS SU No. 899452, MKI-3, B66C 3/16).

The disadvantages of the known technical solutions include the lack of reliability and safety due to the possibility of the overloaded material falling onto unprotected structural elements.

The technical result of the claimed technical solution is to increase the reliability and safety in operation.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the multi-jaw hydraulic grab contains a supporting structure, articulated jaws fixed to it and a hydraulic actuator for moving them, including hydraulic cylinders connected to each jaw, the rod and piston cavities of which are connected via pipelines to the hydraulic pump and the drain line, while the supporting structure made in the form of a hollow cylinder, on the side surface of which there are pockets for placing hydraulic equipment, closed by casings, in the lower part of the cylinder, in one piece, a container for the working fluid of the hydraulic system is made, while the jaw hydraulic cylinders are closed by casings and equipped with hydraulic locks installed on the pipelines for supplying the working fluid to their piston cavity.

The implementation of the supporting structure in the form of a hollow cylinder with pockets closed by casings on its lateral surface to accommodate hydraulic equipment elements, and a reservoir for the working fluid in its lower part, made in one piece with the housing, as well as the use of casings covering the jaw hydraulic cylinders, makes the design compact and eliminates damage to the cargo elements of hydraulic equipment, ensuring reliability and safety in operation.

The supply of hydraulic cylinders of the jaw drive with hydraulic locks prevents the spontaneous opening of the loaded jaws of the grab, ensuring reliability and safety.

Figure 1 presents a General view of the grab;

figure 2 is a top view of figure 1;

figure 3 shows a hollow cylinder of the bearing structure of the grab in the context with placed in it hydraulic equipment;

figure 4 is a hydraulic diagram.

A multi-jaw hydraulic grab contains a supporting structure made in the form of a hollow cylinder 1, jaws 2 pivotally mounted on it in an amount of, for example, six (FIGS. 1, 2) and a hydraulic drive for moving the jaws 2, including hydraulic cylinders 3 associated with each jaw (FIG. 1 ) One end of each hydraulic cylinder 3 is pivotally mounted on the hollow cylinder 1 (Fig. 3) of the supporting structure. The hydraulic cylinders 3 are equipped with hydraulic locks 4 and are closed by casings 5. The rod and piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 3 of the jaws 2 are connected via pipelines 6, 7 (Fig. 4) through a hydraulic distributor 8 with a hydraulic pump 9 and a drain line 10. Pockets 11 are made along the lateral surface of the cylinder 1 for placement hydraulic equipment, closed by casings 12, and in the lower part of the cylinder 1, hermetically sealed in one piece with it, is placed a container 13 for the hydraulic fluid of the system.

Maxillary hydraulic grab works as follows.

When the motor is turned on, the working fluid of the hydraulic pump 9 from the tank 13 is supplied to the control valve 8. When the control valve 8 is installed in one of the extreme positions, the working fluid flows through the pipe 6 through the hydraulic locks 4 into the piston cavity of each hydraulic cylinder 3 of the jaw 2. When the hydraulic fluid is supplied to the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 3, the jaws 2 are closed and the load is captured, for example scrap metal. At the end of the closure of the jaws 2 and the capture of the load, the pressure in the hydraulic system rises and reaches 15.5 MPa, to which a safety valve is configured to maintain this pressure in the hydraulic system. When the jaws of the grab are compressed, the load is moved to the right place. To unload the cargo, the control valve 8 is set to another extreme position, while the working fluid is supplied through the pipeline 7 to the rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders, and from the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 3, the working fluid through the hydraulic locks 4 and the control valve 8 is drained along the drain line 10 into the tank 13, opening jaws and unloading cargo.

A multi-jaw hydraulic grab that provides reliable and safe overloading of scrap metal will find industrial application.

Claims (1)

A multi-jaw hydraulic grab containing a supporting structure, articulated jaws mounted on it and a hydraulic actuator for moving them, including hydraulic cylinders connected to each jaw, the rod and piston cavities of which are connected through pipelines through a hydraulic distributor to a hydraulic pump and a drain line, characterized in that the supporting structure is designed as hollow cylinder, on the side surface of which there are pockets for placing hydraulic equipment, closed by casings, in the lower part of the cylinder a bottom formed integrally therewith container for hydraulic fluid, the hydraulic cylinders and jaws closed housings are provided with check valves mounted on the piping supplying the working fluid of the piston chamber.

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