RU2314189C1 - End abrasive tool - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: abrasive working, possibly designs of end abrasive tools.

SUBSTANCE: abrasive tool includes housing with radial grooves, annular recess and with stem having threaded outer surface. Pusher fixed by means of nut is mounted on stem with possibility of axial motion. Members for securing abrasive beams are in the form of wedges arranged in groove of housing and mounted with possibility of engaging along cone surface with slide blocks spring-loaded in radial direction. To peripheral surface of housing rim is secured; said rim is member for fastening beams. Said beams have lengthwise wedge shaped groove whose depth consist 0.6 - 0.65 of beam thickness and that is filled with grease material. Grooves of beams are turned alternatively to rotation axis of tool or to rim.

EFFECT: improved design of tool providing supply of lubricating and cooling fluid directly to grinding zone, improved quality of abrasive working, lowered consumption of abrasive material.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the processing of workpieces of parts by cutting, and in particular to a tool for abrasive processing.

Known grinding wheel for face grinding, on the working ends of which are made grooves filled with solid lubricant (see RF patent No. 2163535, B24D 7/10, 2001).

The disadvantage of this circle is the high consumption of abrasive material from which the base of the tool is made, which after wear of a certain part of the end surface of the circle cannot be reused.

Also known is a prefabricated abrasive wheel for face grinding, containing a faceplate and abrasive segments fixed to its base planes with channels for supplying a cutting fluid (coolant), a coolant supply device made in the form of an annular pipe, shutters closing the channels from the inside circle (see AS USSR No. 1645118, V24V 55/02, 1991).

The disadvantage of this circle is the complex coolant supply system that requires changes to some machine components, high coolant consumption when the segments are out of contact with the workpiece, intensive spraying of liquid and the difficulty of penetrating the coolant directly into the cutting zone.

The closest device of the same purpose to the claimed invention in terms of features is a mechanical abrasive tool containing a housing with radial grooves, an annular groove and a shank with a threaded outer surface, on which a pusher is mounted with axial movement, abrasive bars with fastening elements of the latter, made in wedges installed with the possibility of contact along a conical surface with radially spring loaded crackers, each wedge niev is placed in the grooves of the housing with the possibility of contact with an abrasive block (see AS USSR No. 1215972, B24D 7/06 // B24D 7/00, 1984), adopted as a prototype.

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the tool adopted as a prototype can be considered intensive spraying of the cutting fluid, which worsens the sanitary-hygienic situation, the impossibility of penetration of the coolant directly into the cutting zone, which increases the likelihood of grinding defects (burns and microcracks) ) on the surface of the processed workpieces.

The invention consists in the following. With flat face grinding, the contact area between the wheel and the workpiece is relatively large (compared to other types of grinding). As a result, the penetration of coolant directly into the contact zone is very difficult, which increases the likelihood of grinding defects. The proposed abrasive tool allows you to apply lubricant to the surface of the workpiece before it comes into contact with the abrasive bar, which improves the surface quality of the workpiece due to the full realization of the properties of the lubricant. The grooves filled with solid lubricant with a depth of more than half the thickness of the abrasive bars allow you to completely cover the entire working end surface of the abrasive wheel.

In addition, the use of abrasive bars will reduce the consumption of abrasive material in comparison with solid and intermittent solid circles, in which a base made of abrasive material, upon reaching a certain wear of the wheel, is simply not used in the future.

The technical result is an increase in the quality of the treated surfaces due to the delivery of cutting fluid on the surface to be processed directly to the grinding zone and reducing the consumption of abrasive material.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the end abrasive tool comprises a housing with radial grooves, an annular groove and a shank with a threaded outer surface, on which a pusher, abrasive bars with fastening elements of the latter made in the form of wedges installed with contact on a conical surface with radially spring-loaded crackers, each wedge being placed in the groove of the housing with the possibility of contact with abrasion willow bar.

A design feature is that a rim is attached to the peripheral surface of the casing, which is an element for fastening the bars, and each bar is made with a longitudinal wedge-shaped groove, a depth of 0.6 ... 0.65 of the thickness of the bar filled with solid lubricant, and the grooves in the bars facing alternately the axis of rotation of the tool or the rim, and the pusher is fixed with an additional nut.

The drawings show:

figure 1 is a section of an abrasive tool;

figure 2 is a view of figure 1.

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention with obtaining the above technical result are as follows.

The face abrasive tool consists of a housing 1 in which radial grooves and holes are made. Crackers 2 with springs 3 are installed in the holes, and wedges 4 and abrasive bars 5 with longitudinal wedge-shaped grooves filled with solid lubricant 6 (TCM) are installed in the grooves. The grooves in the bars are turned alternately to the axis of rotation of the tool or to the rim 7, which is fixed to the housing 1 by screws 8. The housing 1 has a shank with an external threaded surface onto which a pusher 9 is screwed in contact with the abrasive bars and fixed by a nut 10. The tool is mounted on the spindle 11 surface grinding machine and is fixed with a screw 12.

On the end surface of the housing there are three threaded holes for installing the puller 13 with screws 14 when changing the abrasive bars 5 or their extension when the specified wear value is reached.

A mechanical abrasive tool works as follows. Grinding is accompanied by a high temperature in the cutting zone, and when sections of an abrasive tool with TCM pass through the workpiece, its surface layers melt and the grinding wheel transports the TCM directly to the contact zone between the wheel and the workpiece. This reduces the likelihood of grinding defects and improves the quality of the treated surfaces.

When the abrasive bars reach the specified amount of wear on the abrasive tool, without removing it from the machine, install the puller 13 and the screws 14 squeeze the wedges 4 from the abrasive bars 5, thereby releasing the latter. Then loosen the nut 10 and screw the pusher 9 onto the shank of the housing 1, extend the abrasive bars by a predetermined amount and again fix the pusher 9 with the nut 10. Then, by unscrewing the screws 14, remove the puller 13 from the tool, thereby releasing the wedges 4, which under the action of the springs 3 and crackers 2 press the abrasive bars 5 to the rim 7, fixing them in a predetermined position with an emphasis on the pusher 9. The tool is again ready for operation.

Claims (1)

A face abrasive tool comprising a housing with radial grooves, an annular groove and a shank with a threaded outer surface, on which a pusher is mounted with the possibility of axial movement, abrasive bars with their fastening elements in the form of wedges mounted with the possibility of contact along the conical surface with spring-loaded in the radial direction breadcrumbs, with each of the wedges placed in the groove of the housing with the possibility of contact with an abrasive bar, characterized in that on the peripheral surface of the housing a rim is fixed, which is an additional element for attaching abrasive bars, and each bar is made with a longitudinal wedge-shaped groove with a depth of 0.6 ... 0.65 of the thickness of the bar filled with solid lubricant, and the grooves in the bars are turned alternately to the axis of rotation of the tool or to the rim, and the pusher on the shank is fixed with a nut.

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