RU2313405C1 - Head for sprinkler unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: irrigation equipment for fine-dispersion and drop irrigation, used in mobile and stationary sprinkler units for producing of stream with droplet sizes permitted for irrigation of wide range of farm crops to be cultivated.

SUBSTANCE: head has casing, deflector and nozzle. Nozzle is mounted within casing for axial movement by means of threaded opening in casing pole. Nozzle has central opening formed as cascade of diffusers with diameter of openings increasing in the course of water flow. Casing has diffuser and flange at its end portion. Deflector is made in the form of bowl with curved-convex surface and cone disposed centrally of bowl. Deflector is positioned for axial movement on casing diffuser flange. Deflector and diffuser flange are mutually joined with flexible members. Deflector cone apex disposed centrally of bowl is oriented toward nozzle. Deflector cone is joined with circular edge of nozzle diffuser, and casing diffuser is joined with curved-concave surface of deflector.

EFFECT: improved quality of sprinkler irrigation process and increased sprinkler intensity during irrigation of farm crops.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for irrigation with fine and drip irrigation, and can be used in mobile and stationary sprinklers to produce rain with droplet sizes acceptable for irrigation of a wide range of cultivated crops.

A turbine-type sprinkler apparatus is known, comprising a hollow cylindrical body with a guide rod, a conical deflector with curved grooves, an adjusting nut and a lock nut, in which the body is additionally provided with a baffle, and a conical deflector with a fluoroplastic gasket, and the conical deflector can be moved along the guide rod depending from the selected water flow, while the guide rod is rigidly fastened to the casing wall, and the curved grooves are not made up to going to the edge of the surface of the housing deflector by an amount equal to the width of the ring of the outlet (RU, patent No. 2257051 C1, IPC ⁷ A01G 25/02, B05B 1/26, 07/27/2005).

The disadvantages of the described turbine type sprinkler apparatus are the small range of the size of the raindrops and the complexity of the design.

The nozzles of the sprinkler assembly are also known, comprising a housing mounted on a rack, a deflector and a nozzle with a central hole, in which the nozzle and the housing are made as a single part, while the central hole of the nozzle is conjugated with the cavity of the housing and made narrower in the direction of the nozzle exit, and mounted on the deflector is made in the form of a body of revolution of variable cross section, decreasing toward the rack, on the surface of the deflector along its axis there are equally spaced grooves of variable cross-section, separated by scaffolds, in addition, the lower threaded portion of the rack is mounted in the cavity of the housing by means of an arm: a shaped recess is made on the upper cut of the deflector to the size of the end face of the collar (RU Patent No. 2174876 C1, IPC ⁷ V05V 1/18, 1/26, 10/20/2001 g .).

The described nozzles of the sprinkler aggregate are adopted as the closest analogue.

The disadvantages of the described nozzle include low rain quality and a small spray width of droplets, and for moving sprinklers, a small working width is associated with an uneven intensity of rainfall distribution over the width of the irrigated strip.

The essence of the claimed invention is as follows.

The problem to which the claimed invention is directed is the creation of a universal nozzle for sprinkler units operating in frontal and curved movements.

The technical result is the regulation of droplet size and rain intensity during irrigation, increasing the reliability of the nozzle when irrigating with irrigation water, taken from an open temporary irrigation channel with sediment and a high content of mineral impurities, suspensions, litter and microorganisms and improving operating conditions.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known nozzle of the sprinkler assembly comprising a housing, a deflector and a nozzle with a central hole coaxially mounted on the column, according to the invention, the nozzle mounted with axial movement in the housing has a central hole in the form of a cascade of diffusers with increasing diameters in the direction of movement water flow, the casing is equipped with a diffuser and a flange at the end section, a group of holes along the generatrix of the surface of the diffuser and placed with equal angular pitch in the transverse planes of the diffuser, the deflector is made in the form of a thicket with a curved-concave surface and a cone in the center of the thicket, the diffuser is mounted on the flange of the diffuser of the housing with the possibility of axial movement and interconnected by elastic elements placed on the rods, one the ends of which are sealed in the deflector, and the others in the guides of the flange, the apex of the said end in the center of the thicket faces the nozzle side, the deflector cone is mated to the annular edge of the nozzle diffuser, diffuser body - with the concave-curved surface thicket deflector; each hole in the body diffuser is made with expansion in the direction from the inner surface; the nozzle in the housing post is locked with a lock nut.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a diametrical section of the nozzle of the sprinkler unit in the initial position of the deflector (during fine irrigation of highly stalked agricultural crops).

In Fig.2 - the same, with finely dispersed and drip sprinkling of highly stalked agricultural products cultures.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

The nozzles of the sprinkler assembly comprise a housing 1, a deflector 2, and a nozzle 4 with a central hole 5 coaxially mounted on the column 3. The housing 1 and the central hole 5 of the nozzle 4 are made coaxial.

The nozzle 4 in the housing 1 is installed with the possibility of axial movement due to the threaded hole in the rack 3 of the housing 1. The nozzle 4 in the rack 3 of the housing 1 is fixed by a lock nut 6.

The Central hole 5 of the nozzle 4 is made in the form of a cascade of diffusers 7, 8 and 9 with increasing diameters in the direction of movement of the water flow. The diffuser 9 has an annular edge 10.

The housing 1 is equipped with a diffuser 11 and a flange 12 at the end portion. The housing 1, the diffuser 11 and the flange 12 are made as a single part of plastic materials.

The housing 1 has a threaded section 13, through which it is placed on the nipple 14 of the water supply pipe of the sprinkler unit. The housing 1 on the nipple 14 is fixed with a shaped nut 15.

On the surface of the diffuser 11 of the housing 1, a group of holes 16 is made along the generatrix of the inner surface of the diffuser 11 and placed with equal angular pitch in the transverse planes of the diffuser 11. Each hole 16 in the diffuser 11 of the housing 1 is made with an expansion in the direction from the inner surface to the outer surface.

The deflector 2 is made in the form of a thicket 17 with a housing 18 in the center of the thicket 17. The deflector 2 is mounted on the flange 12 of the diffuser 11 of the housing 1 with the possibility of axial movement and interconnected by elastic elements 19 in the form of twisted cylindrical compression springs with a given stiffness C ₁ , C ₂ , C ₃ and C ₄ . The elastic elements 19 are placed on the rods 20. The ends 21 of the rods 20 are divided at the peripheral edge of the deflector 2. Other threaded ends 22 of the rods 20 are missing in the guides 23 of the flange 12. The rods 20, the guides 23, the elastic elements 19 and the fastening means 24 on the threaded ends 22 are made made of stainless steel.

The apex 25 of the cone 18 in the center of the thickness 17 of the deflector 2 is turned toward the nozzle 4. The cone 18 of the deflector 2 is coupled to the annular edge 10 of the diffuser 9 of the nozzle 4 by the action of the elastic elements 19. 17 deflector 2.

Nozzles sprinkler unit operates as follows.

Depending on the type of irrigation (moisture-charging, vegetative, moisturizing) and specific varieties of cultivated crops (cereals, fodder, vegetables, corn, industrial crops), the size of the rain drops should vary in a wide range as well as the fact that each nozzle should work in the mode of fine sprinkling to maintain microlith during droughts and dry winds.

Irrigation water under operating pressure through the water supply pipe of the sprinkler unit (machine) through the nipple 14 enters the nozzle body 1. From the cavity of the housing 1, a water stream under pressure enters both the cavity of the cascade of diffusers 7, 8 and 9 of the nozzle 4, and the cavity of the diffuser 11 of the housing 1.

At a water pressure of up to 0.02 MPa in diffusers 7, 8, 9, and 11, the nozzle operates in the fine-sprinkling regime for both humidifying the surface air layer and lowering the temperature of moistening leaves and stems of agricultural crops. crops and topsoil. Since the surface of the cone 18 is located in the diffuser 9, it is small, and under the action of the elastic elements 19 the deflector 2 is pressed against the annular belt 26 of the diffuser 11, the cavity between the deflector 2 and the diffusers 11, 9, 8 and 7 of the housing 1 is first filled with water nozzles 4. Irrigation water through the expanding outer holes 16 on the inner surface of the deflector 11 in the form of tiny particles is ejected into the surface air layer and, under the influence of gravitational forces in the form of water dust, settles on the leaves, stems of plants and the upper soil layer. This moisturizing relieves stress from plants. There is a slow decrease in the temperature of the environment and plants. Each plant adapts to changing temperatures. After 15-30 minutes of irrigation with fine sprinkling, the working pressure of the water in the water supply pipeline is increased, raising it to 0.06 ... 0.08 MPa.

With increasing water pressure, water flows from the diffusers 9 and 10 displace the deflector 2 upward, overcoming the force of the compressed turns of the elastic elements 19.

The flow of water from the diffuser 9 with the top 25 of the cone 18 is distributed with a high layer at high speed on the curved-concave surface of the thicket 2 and a thin film with a thickness of not more than 0.1 ... 0.5 mm is released into the atmosphere at a distance of 2 to 5 m. At the same time with this, another stream of water from the diffuser 11 orthogonally acts on the curved surface of the thicket 17, mixes intensively and crushes on the first layer of water on the surface of the thicket 17 and, together with a thin film of water, moves into the surface air layer, crushes and settles down.

Fluctuations in the water pressure in the water supply pipe of the sprinkler unit are compensated by the elastic elements 19. When the water pressure in the water supply network decreases, the flow pressure on the deflector 2 decreases. The thickener 17 of the deflector 2 is pulled by the rods 20 to the annular belt 26 of the diffuser 11 of the housing 1. The annular gap between the deflector 2 and the diffuser 11 decreases, and the force of the water flow is maintained during the interaction of multidirectional jets, leading to their finely dispersed stratification and spraying.

Since the water pressure decreases along the length of the water supply pipe of the sprinkler unit in the direction of the wings, accordingly, the stiffness of the springs (elastic elements 19) is selected. This ensures that, with the design of the irrigation nozzles themselves identical, a uniform intensity of rainfall in the form of rain along the length of the piping of the irrigation unit.

The presence of impurities and sediment in the irrigation water does not prevent the nozzles from carrying out the technological process - creating droplets of specified sizes and the required rain intensity.

Claims (3)

1. The nozzle of the sprinkler assembly, comprising a housing, a deflector and a nozzle with a central hole fixed coaxially on the column, characterized in that the nozzle mounted with the possibility of axial movement in the housing has a central hole in the form of a cascade of diffusers with increasing diameters in the direction of water flow, the housing is equipped with a diffuser and a flange at the end section, on the surface of the body diffuser, a group of holes is made along the generatrix of the internal surface of the diffuser and placed with equal angular pitch in the pop river planes of the diffuser, the deflector is made in the form of a bowl with a curved-concave surface and a cone in the center of the bowl, the deflector is mounted on the flange of the body diffuser with the possibility of axial movement and interconnected by elastic elements placed on the rods, some ends of which are embedded in the deflector, and others in the guides of the flange, the apex of the cone in the center of the bowl faces the nozzle, the deflector cone is mated to the annular edge of the nozzle diffuser, and the body diffuser is connected to the curved-concave surface of the cup eflektora. 2. Nozzles according to claim 1, characterized in that each hole in the body diffuser is made with expansion in the direction from the inner surface to the outer surface. 3. Nozzles according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle in the rack of the housing is fixed with a lock nut.

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