RU2312514C1 - Method for obtaining protein enzymatic hydrolyzates - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry, fodder production industry, microbiological industry.

SUBSTANCE: the present innovation deals with hydrolysis at adding proteolytic enzyme at the quantity of about 1.0-2.0% against the mass of raw material at optimal pH and temperature values that correspond to the maximum of enzyme's activity, during 5-6 h. Optimal conditions of hydrolysis are available due to carrying out electrolysis in an electrolyzer with additionally connected source of alternating current. One should connect the above-mentioned electrolyzer to the source of alternating current to achieve and maintain the desired temperature of the solution and to the source of direct current for achieving and maintaining the desired pH value of the solution. As enzyme it is necessary to apply pancreatin. The innovation enables to simplify and cheapen the production of enzymatic hydrolyzates.

EFFECT: higher efficiency.

1 cl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to food, feed and microbiological industries, in particular to electrochemical methods for producing enzymatic hydrolysates from fish raw materials.

A known method of producing a protein hydrolyzate from hydrobionts, including grinding the raw material, washing it with water, hydrolysis with NaCl solution in a ratio of 1: 6 in the cathode chamber of the diaphragm electrolyzer, separating insoluble sediment, neutralizing the solution in the anode chamber, evaporating and drying (A.S. USSR No. 1687213, publ. 30.10.91). This method is closest to the proposed method, and it is taken as a prototype. However, it has the following disadvantage:

external sources of energy, such as water vapor, are used to heat the solution. This makes the method not economical enough.

The technical result, to which the claimed invention is directed, consists in reducing the cost and simplifying the method. To achieve the specified technical result in a method for producing protein enzymatic hydrolysates, including grinding fish stock, washing it with water, hydrolysis with a NaCl solution in a chamber of a diaphragm electrolyzer with an electrode connected to the negative pole of a direct current source, separation of insoluble precipitate, solution neutralization, drying, packaging, hydrolysis is carried out with the introduction of a proteolytic enzyme in an amount of 1.0-2.0% by weight of raw materials at optimal pH and temperature, corresponding to maximum enzyme activity, within 5-6 hours, while the optimal hydrolysis conditions are obtained by conducting electrolysis in an electrolyzer, to which an alternating current source is additionally connected, and the electrolyzer is connected to an alternating current source to achieve and maintain the required solution temperature, and to a constant source current to achieve and maintain the required pH value of the solution, after hydrolysis, insoluble precipitate is precipitated in the same chamber as hydrolysis by lowering the value the pH of the solution is up to 4.0-5.0, for this, disconnect the electrode from the negative pole of the direct current source and connect it to the positive pole of the direct current source, after reaching the pH of the deposition, the solution is heated to 98-100 ° C, disconnecting the electrolyzer from the constant source current and connecting it to an alternating current source, and leave the solution for 5-6 hours, while simultaneously with the deposition the enzyme is thermally inactivated, then the insoluble precipitate is separated, the solution is neutralized by increasing the pH r solution up to 7.5-8.0. As a proteolytic enzyme, pancreatin is used. Distinctive features of the proposed method from the above known, closest to it, are hydrolysis with the introduction of the proteolytic enzyme pancreatin in an amount of 1.0-2.0% by weight of raw materials at optimal pH and temperature values corresponding to the maximum activity of the enzyme for 5 -6 hours, the optimal conditions are obtained by conducting electrolysis in an electrolyzer, to which an alternating current source is additionally connected, and the electrolyzer is connected to an alternating current source for up to to reduce and maintain the required temperature of the solution, and to achieve a constant current source of the required pH of the solution, after hydrolysis, insoluble precipitate is precipitated in the same chamber as hydrolysis by lowering the pH of the solution to 4.0-5.0, for This disconnects the electrode from the negative pole of the DC source and connects it to the positive pole of the DC source, after reaching the pH of the deposition, the solution is heated to 98-100 ° C, disconnecting the electrolyzer from the source the current and connecting it to an alternating current source, and leave the solution for 5-6 hours, while simultaneously with the precipitation of the insoluble precipitate, the enzyme is thermally inactivated, then the insoluble precipitate is separated, the solution is neutralized by increasing the pH of the solution to 7.5-8, 0.

Due to the presence of these signs, if it is necessary to increase or decrease the pH of the solution, there is no need to pump the solution into other containers or add chemicals, for example sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate, it is enough to connect the electrode to the other pole of the direct current source, i.e. make a polarity reversal. In addition, the creation and maintenance of the required temperature in the reaction medium is carried out by heating not from an external energy source, such as water vapor, but using the heat obtained by passing an alternating electric current through the reaction medium. When it is only necessary to raise the temperature of the solution without changing its pH, for this they just switch the power supply of the electrolyzer from direct to alternating current. In this case, the pH of the solution does not change. To reduce the temperature, it is enough to disconnect the electrolyzer from the power supply. In addition, the use of the proteolytic enzyme pancreatin allows you to increase the depth of processing of raw materials, i.e. increase the degree of hydrolysis.

Example

As raw materials use blue whiting or any other fish raw materials. 1000 g of raw material crushed to a size of 1-5 mm are washed with fresh water at a temperature of 6-10 ° C, then the precipitate is separated in a centrifuge and placed in a chamber with an electrode connected to the negative pole of a direct current source (cathode chamber), filled with 1% NaCl solution in a ratio of 1: 1. The mixture is heated by turning on the electrolyzer in alternating current mode for 15 minutes and adjusting the temperature of the mixture to 50 ° С, then setting the pH of the reaction mixture to 7.8-8.2 by switching the electrolyzer to direct mode and introducing pancreatin enzyme into the chamber in the amount of 1.25% by weight of the raw material and hydrolysis is carried out at a pH of from 7.8 to 8.2 at a temperature of 50 ° C for 6 hours.

The hydrolysis parameters (temperature and pH of the mixture) are maintained by periodically switching the electrolyzer to an alternating current source to maintain the temperature, or to a constant current source to maintain a pH from 7.8 to 8.2. After the hydrolysis process is completed, non-hydrolyzed inclusions and high molecular weight peptides are precipitated; for this, the pH of the solution is adjusted to 4.5 by switching the cathode to the positive pole of the direct current source (polarity reversal) and the reaction mixture is heated to a temperature of 100 ° C by connecting the electrolyzer to an alternating current source (in alternating current mode) and leave the mixture for 5-6 hours, while sedimentation occurs and at the same time thermal inactivation of the enzyme. Then the solution is filtered, the hydrolyzate is placed in the cathode chamber and the solution is neutralized. To do this, turn on the electrolyzer in constant current mode and thus adjust the pH of the solution to 7.5-8.0. After that, the hydrolyzate is dried under vacuum at a temperature of 60-70 ° C and packaged.

In the process of obtaining the hydrolyzate, the anode chamber is filled with an equal volume of NaCl solution of 5% concentration. Dry protein enzymatic hydrolyzate is a golden powder and contains NaCl in an amount of less than 20%.

Claims (2)

1. A method of obtaining protein enzymatic hydrolysates, including grinding fish stock, washing it with water, hydrolysis with a NaCl solution in a diaphragm electrolyzer chamber with an electrode connected to the negative pole of a direct current source, separation of insoluble precipitate, solution neutralization, drying, packaging, characterized in that hydrolysis is carried out with the introduction of a proteolytic enzyme in an amount of 1.0-2.0% by weight of raw materials at optimal pH and temperature values corresponding to the maximum activity of the enzyme , for 5-6 hours, while the optimal hydrolysis conditions are obtained by conducting electrolysis in an electrolyzer, to which an alternating current source is additionally connected, the electrolyzer being connected to an alternating current source to achieve and maintain the required solution temperature, and to a direct current source to achieve and maintaining the required pH of the solution, after hydrolysis, insoluble precipitate is precipitated in the same chamber as the hydrolysis, lowering the pH of the solution to 4.0-5.0, for this off they pick up the electrode from the negative pole of the direct current source and connect it to the positive pole of the direct current source, after reaching the precipitation pH, the solution is heated to 98-100 ° C, disconnecting the electrolyzer from the direct current source and connecting it to the alternating current source, and leave the solution on 5-6 hours, at the same time as the precipitation, the enzyme is thermally inactivated, then the insoluble precipitate is separated, the solution is neutralized by increasing the pH of the solution to 7.5-8.0. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that pancreatin is used as a proteolytic enzyme.