RU2312399C1 - Territorial control system of transporting dangerous loads and alarm signaling - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: the invention refers to control technique and alarm signaling and may be used for operational control and management of transporting ecologically dangerous loads, industrial and common waste products in points of warehousing and processing.

SUBSTANCE: The equipment mounted on each transport vehicle has a sensor of coordinate information, a sensor of load character, a signaling sensor, a recording device, a subscribers coding arrangement a radio set and a transmitting antenna. The equipment located in a control point has a receiving and transmitting antenna, a radio station, the first processor, a comparison block, a coding device, an ecologist's workplace and the second processor. Each radio station has a high frequency oscillator, a phase manipulator, a power amplifier, a duplexer, the first oscillator, the first phase inverter on 90^o, the first mixer, the second mixer, the first amplifier of the first intermediate frequency, the second amplifier of the first intermediate frequency, the second phase inverter on 90^o, an adder, the first multiplier, a narrow-band filter, an amplitude detector, a key, a universal frequency converter, the second oscillator, the third mixer, an amplifier of the second intermediate frequency, the second multiplier, a band-pass filter and a phase detector.

EFFECT: the invention expands functional possibilities of the system due to realization of duplex method of radio communication between the control point and transport vehicles by using two frequencies.

4 dwg

Description

The proposed system relates to control and alarm systems and can be used for operational control and management of the transportation of environmentally hazardous goods, industrial and household waste to storage and processing facilities.

Known control systems for the transportation of environmentally hazardous goods (autosw. USSR No. 864318, 924735, 966714, 1117672, 1363126, 1650018, 1693622, 1730648, 1751795, 1755310, 1764070; RF patents No. 2032220, 2032227, 2053561, 2058592, 2173889 ; US patents No. 3636560, 3713125, 4023163, 4742338, 4751499; German patents No. 2536949, 2616603, 2700690; UK patents No. 1267040; French patents No. 2199151, 2415840 and others).

Of the known systems closest to the proposed is the "Territorial control system for the transportation of environmentally hazardous goods" (RF patent No. 2173889 G08В 25/10, 1999), which is selected as the base object.

The specified system provides an increase in the environmental safety of residential and industrial facilities by means of a safe and controlled call of environmentally hazardous human waste and industrial waste to storage and processing facilities.

An object of the invention is to expand the functionality of the system by implementing the duplex method of radio communication between the control point and vehicles using two frequencies.

The problem is solved in that the territorial control system for the transportation of environmentally hazardous goods, containing, in accordance with the closest analogue, on each vehicle in series a radio station, a subscriber coding device and a registration device, as well as a coordinate information sensor, a cargo character sensor and signal sensors, connected to the subscriber coding device, at the control point, sequentially connected radio station, first processor and environmental workstation ha, the comparison unit, the coding device, the ecologist’s workstation and the second processor, the output of which is connected to the second input of the comparison unit, are connected to the output of the first processor, and the radio stations of the vehicles and the control center are connected by radio channels, each radio station contains a phase detector, in series included high-frequency generator and phase manipulator, power amplifier in series, duplexer, the input-output of which is connected to the transceiver antenna, the first mixer, the second input of which is connected to the first output of the first local oscillator, the first amplifier of the first intermediate frequency and the adder, connected in series to the second output of the first local oscillator, the first phase shifter 90 °, the second mixer, the second input of which is connected to the output of the duplexer, the second amplifier of the first intermediate frequency , the second phase shifter 90 °, the adder, the first multiplier, the second input of which is connected to the output of the duplexer, a narrow-band filter, an amplitude detector and a key, the second input of which is inen with the output of the adder, the second input of the phase manipulator of the radio station located on the control point is connected to the first processor, and the output of the phase detector is connected to the first processor, the second input of the phase manipulator of the radio station located on each vehicle is connected to the subscriber coding device, and the output the phase detector is connected to a subscriber coding device, differs from the closest analogue in that each radio station is equipped with a second local oscillator, a third mixer, amplifier a second intermediate frequency, a second multiplier and a band-pass filter, and a third mixer is connected in series to the output of the phase manipulator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second local oscillator, and the second intermediate frequency amplifier, whose output is connected to the input of the power amplifier, the second multiplier is sequentially connected to the key output the second input of which is connected to the output of the second local oscillator, a bandpass filter and a phase detector, the second input of which is connected to the second output of the first local oscillator a, the frequencies of the local oscillators ω _G1 and ω _{G2 are} spaced by the value of the first intermediate frequency ω _pr1

ω _G1 -ω _G2 = ω _pr1 ,

the radio station located at the control point emits complex signals with phase shift keying at the frequency ω ₁ = ω _g1 = ω _G2 = ω _CR2 , where ω _CR2 is the second intermediate frequency, and takes on the frequency ω ₂ = ω _Г2 = ω _CR3 , where ω _pr3 is the third intermediate frequency, and the radio station located on each vehicle, on the contrary, emits complex signals with phase shift keying at the frequency ω ₂ , and receives at the frequency ω ₁ .

The structural diagram of the proposed system is presented in figure 1. The structural diagram of the radio station control is presented in figure 2. The structural diagram of the vehicle radio is presented in figure 3. A frequency diagram explaining the conversion of signals by frequency is shown in FIG. 4.

The equipment located on each vehicle contains a sequentially connected radio station 5.i, a subscriber coding device 3.i and a registration device 4.i (i = 1,2, ..., n), as well as a coordinate information sensor 2.1, a sensor 2.2 the nature of the cargo and signal sensors 2.3 connected to the subscriber device 3.i encoding.

The equipment located at the control room 7 contains a series-connected radio station 9, a first processor 10 and an ecologist’s workstation 13, a comparison unit 11, an encoding device 12, an ecologist’s workstation 13 and a second processor 14, the output of which is connected to the output of the first processor 10 with the second input of the comparison unit 11.

Each radio station 9 (5.1) contains in series a high-frequency generator 15 (15.1), a phase manipulator 16 (16.1), a third mixer 33 (33.1), the second input of which is connected to the output of the second local oscillator 32 (32.1), and the amplifier 34 (34.1) of the second intermediate frequency, power amplifier 17 (17.1), duplexer 18 (18.1), the input-output of which is connected to the transceiver antenna 8 (6.1), the first mixer 21 (21.1), the second input of which is connected to the first output of the first local oscillator 19 (19.1 ), the first amplifier 23 (23.1) of the first intermediate frequency and the adder 26 (26.1), connected in series connected to the second output of the first local oscillator 19 (19.1), the first phase shifter 20 (20.1) by 90 °, the second mixer 22 (22.1), the second input of which is connected to the output of the duplexer 18 (18.1), the second amplifier 24 (24.1) of the first intermediate frequency, the second 90 ° phase shifter 25 (25.1), adder 26 (26.1), first multiplier 27 (27.1), the second input of which is connected to the output of duplexer 18 (18.1), narrow-band filter 28 (28.1), amplitude detector 29 (29.1), key 30 (30.1), the second input of which is connected to the output of the adder 26 (26.1), the second multiplier 35 (35.1), the second input of which is connected to the output of the second Goethe homeland 32 (32.1), a band-pass filter 36 (36.1) and a phase detector 37 (37.1), the second input of which is connected to the second output of the first local oscillator 19 (19.1). Moreover, the second input of the phase manipulator 16 of the radio station located at control point 7 is connected to the first processor 10, and the output of the phase detector 37 is connected to the first processor 10, the second input of the phase manipulator 16.1 of the radio station located on each vehicle is connected to the subscriber coding device 3.1 and the output of the phase detector 37.1 is connected to the subscriber coding device 3.1.

The first local oscillator 19 (19.1), phase shifters 20 (20.1) and 25 (25.1) by 90 °, mixers 21 (21.1) and 22 (22.1), amplifiers 23 (23.1) and 24 (24.1) of the first intermediate frequency, adder 26 (26.1 ), a multiplier 27 (27.1), a narrow-band filter 28 (28.1), an amplitude detector 29 (29.1) and a key 30 (30.1) form a universal frequency converter 31 (31.1).

The frequencies ω _Г1 and ω _{Г2 of the} local oscillators 19 (32.1) and 32 (19.1) are spaced by the value of the first intermediate frequency ω _pr1

ω _G1 -ω _G2 = ω _pr1 .

The transceiver 9 placed in paragraph handle 7 emits complex signals with a phase shift keying at the frequency ω ₁ = ω _r1 = ω _np2 where ω _np2 - the second intermediate frequency, and receives at frequency ω ₂ = ω _r2 = ω _PR3, where ω _PR3 - the third intermediate frequency, and the radio station 5.1, located on each vehicle, on the contrary, emits complex signals with phase shift keying at a frequency of ω ₂ and receives at a frequency of ω ₁ (figure 4).

The proposed system works as follows.

Sensitive elements of the system are the coordinate information sensor 2.1, the cargo character sensor 2.2 and the signal sensors 2.3 installed on each vehicle.

The coordinate information sensor 2.1 (navigation sensor) is an integral element of the global radio navigation satellite system Glonase (RF) or Navstar (USA), is removable and is manufactured by the industry in standard packaging (SDS-221 device). Using the specified radio navigation system, the coordinates of the location (with an accuracy of 1 meter) and the vehicle speed vector are calculated. The sensor every second at the moment of changing the second of a single time transmits information to the subscriber device 3.1 encoding.

The cargo nature sensor 2.2 is a device for reading cargo information. Information is read from the cargo marker. The marker of the cargo may be a barcode, punch code, etc. Information about the nature of the cargo is also transmitted to the subscriber device 3.1 encoding.

Signal sensors 2.3 are contacts and buttons that lock, for example, raising and lowering the container during loading, printing out sealed cargo, opening and closing the doors of the cabin, hood, fuel tank, etc. on a vehicle.

When the vehicle leaves the line, the driver, along with the waybill, receives a coordinate information sensor 2.1, which is inserted in a place previously equipped in the vehicle. After the sensor is turned on, it is automatically initialized and communicates with this vehicle. This communication is carried out by the transfer of a special parameter - the tail number, which uniquely identifies this vehicle. After the car went to the line, the system automatically writes to the database file its coordinates on the ground. The information update period in the database file is equal to the signal transmission period set in the sensor.

The environmental operator can choose to view a particular vehicle, focusing on the garage number or other characteristics of the vehicle. After selecting a vehicle, a map of the area appears on the computer screen of the environmentalist’s workplace with the vehicle bound to it by the route in the form of a line. It is possible to change the scale of the map by an ecologist to detail the route of the vehicle. If you place the mouse cursor on the route line, then the coordinate information current at that time appears, the total mileage, the amount of fuel in the tank, the vehicle speed, etc.

The encoding device 3.1 receives the state data (readings) of the sensors 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3, the encoded messages are transmitted for storage to the registration device 4.1.

With a specified period of time T, the processor 10 from the control point 7 through the radio station 9 gives a message - a request to the address of the next sequential poll of the vehicle for the issuance of an array of data stored in the registration device 4.1.

For this, a harmonic oscillation is generated by the high-frequency generator 15

which is supplied to the first input of the phase manipulator 16, to the second input of which a modulating code M ₁ (t) is supplied from the output of the first processor 10. The modulating code M ₁ (t) corresponds to the on-board number of the requested vehicle. The output of the phase manipulator 16 produces a complex signal with phase shift keying (PSK)

where φ _k1 (t) = {0, π} is the manipulated phase component that displays the phase manipulation law in accordance with the modulating code M ₁ (t),

which is supplied to the first input of the third mixer 33, the second input of which is supplied with the voltage of the second local oscillator 32

At the output of the third mixer 33, voltages of combination frequencies are generated. The amplifier 34 is allocated the voltage of the second intermediate (total) frequency

Where

To ₁ - gear ratio of the mixer;

_np2 ω = ω _c + ω _r2 = ω ₁ - second intermediate (cumulative) frequency;

φ _CR2 = φ _s + φ _G2 , (figure 4).

This voltage after amplification in the power amplifier 17 through the duplexer 18 enters the transceiver antenna, is radiated by it at a frequency ω ₁ = ω _CR2 , is captured by the transceiver antenna 6.1 of the vehicle, and through the duplexer 18.1 it is input to the universal frequency converter 31.1. The specified Converter provides the suppression of false signals (interference) received on the second mirror channel at a frequency ω _s2 and on the first ω _k1 and second ω _k2 combination channels. Moreover, to suppress false signals (interference) received via the second mirror channel at a frequency of ω _З2 , an “outer ring” is used, consisting of a local oscillator 19.1, phase shifters 20.1 and 25.1 by 90 °, mixers 21.1 and 22.1, amplifiers 23.1 and 24.1 of the first intermediate frequency and adder 26.1 and implements phase-compensation method. To suppress false signals (interference) received through the first and second combinational channels at frequencies ω _k1 and ω _k2 , an “inner ring” is used, consisting of a multiplier 27.1, a narrow-band filter 28.1, an amplitude detector 29.1, a key 30.1 and implements the narrow-band filtering method.

The output of the adder 26.1 produces a total voltage

where ω _CR1 = ω ₁ -ω _G2 intermediate (difference) frequency;

ω _G2 - the frequency of the local oscillator 19.1,

which through the public key 30.1 goes to the first input of the second multiplier 35.1, the second input of which the local oscillator voltage 32.1

At the output of the multiplier 35.1 voltage is formed

Where

ω _G2 = ω _CR3 = ω _{G1 -ω CR1} - the third intermediate frequency;

K ₂ - transfer coefficient of the multiplier,

which is allocated by the band-pass filter 36.1 and fed to the first (information) input of the phase detector 37.1, the second input of which is the local oscillator voltage 19.1

The output of the phase detector 37.1 produces a low-frequency voltage

Where

K ₃ is the transfer coefficient of the phase detector;

proportional to the modulating code M ₁ (t). This voltage is supplied to the encoding device 3.1 and, if it corresponds to the vehicle on-board number requested from the control point 7, then the data array stored in the registration device 4.1, in the form of a modulating code M ₂ (t), is supplied to the second input of the phase manipulator 16.1. At the first input of the specified phase manipulator, harmonic oscillation is output from the output of the high frequency generator 15.1

At the output of the phase manipulator, a complex signal with phase manipulation (PSK) is formed

where φ _K2 (t) = {0, π} is the manipulated phase component that displays the phase manipulation law in accordance with the modulating code M ₂ (t), which is fed to the first input of the mixer 33.1, to the second input of which the local oscillator voltage 32.1

At the output of the mixer 33.1, voltages of combination frequencies are generated. Amplifier 34.1 distinguishes the voltage of the third intermediate (differential) frequency

Where

ω _CR3 = ω _G1 -ω _s - the third intermediate (difference) frequency;

φ _pr3 = φ _c1 -φ _G1 ;

To ₁ - gear ratio of the mixer.

This voltage after amplification in the power amplifier 17.1 through the duplexer 18.1 enters the transceiver antenna 6.1, is radiated by it at a frequency ω ₂ = ω _pr3 , it is captured by the transceiver antenna 8 of control point 7 and through the duplexer 18 it is input to the universal frequency converter 31. The specified Converter provides the suppression of false signals (interference) received on the first mirror channel at a frequency of ω _s1 and the third ω _K3 and fourth ω _K4 combination channels. Moreover, to suppress false signals (interference) received through the first mirror channel at a frequency ω _s1 , an “outer ring” is used, consisting of a local oscillator 19, phase shifters 20 and 25 by 90 °, mixers 21 and 22, amplifiers 23 and 24 of the first intermediate frequency , adder 26 and implements phase-compensation method.

To suppress false signals (interference) received via the third and fourth combinational channels at frequencies ω _K3 and ω _K4 , an “inner ring” is used, consisting of a multiplier 27, a narrow-band filter 28, an amplitude detector 29, a key 30 and implementing the narrow-band filtering method.

The output of the adder 26 produces a total voltage

where ω _CR1 = ω _G1 -ω ₂ - the first intermediate (difference) frequency,

which through the public key 30 is fed to the first input of the multiplier 35, the second input of which is supplied with a voltage u _Г1 (t) of the local oscillator 19. A voltage is generated at the output of the multiplier 35

Where

which is allocated by the band-pass filter 36 and is fed to the first (information) input of the phase detector 37, the second input of which is the voltage of the local oscillator 32

The output of the phase detector 37 produces a low-frequency voltage

Where

proportional to the modulating code M ₂ (t). This voltage is supplied to the first processor 10, which performs the separation of the modulating function M ₂ (t) (codogram) into separate data blocks according to the signs:

- vehicle number;

- data of the geographical coordinates of the vehicle;

- data on the presence of cargo on it;

- speed data;

- the presence of alarms,

and transmits them to the comparison unit 11, which also receives the data specified and calculated by the processor 14. The comparison results are encoded by the encoding device 12 in the corresponding message, which is received at the workplace of the ecologist 13:

- the vehicle is on a permitted (forbidden) route (section) of movement;

- cargo storage was carried out on a permitted (not permitted) section (where exactly) of the controlled territory;

- the speed of the vehicle corresponds (does not match) specified on this section of the route;

- the indication of the environmental alarm sensor is normal or an alarm signal has been received.

The permitted route of movement is selected by the processor 14 based on the data on the starting and final points of movement of the vehicle and is issued in the form of a route waybill to the driver. The same data through the processor 10 enters the block 11 comparison.

The environmental operator of workplace 13, as data is received from vehicles, monitors the implementation of regulatory documents and, if necessary, gives voice commands to vehicles to adjust the actions of vehicles, and when signals are received, an “Alarm” gives a voice command to mobile response groups about Arriving at a specific place for emergency response.

Additionally introduced into the system elements and changes in the structural organization can significantly improve quality characteristics by introducing the following new functional capabilities of the system:

- Calculation of the shortest safe routes for the transport of environmentally hazardous goods can reduce the length of the travel path and energy consumption;

- control of the vehicle’s movement along the permitted route reduces the degree of danger to subjects and objects;

- the development of signals about unauthorized unloading of environmentally hazardous goods in prohibited places of storage excludes the creation of environmentally hazardous unauthorized dumps;

- issuance of emergency signals to the control center during the transportation of environmentally hazardous goods ensures the quick elimination of the consequences of accidents.

Thus, the proposed system in comparison with the base object and other technical solutions of a similar purpose provides increased selectivity, noise immunity and reliability of the transmission of discrete information between the control point and vehicles. This is achieved by the implementation of the duplex radio communication method using two frequencies ω ₁ , ω ₂ and complex signals with phase shift keying. Moreover, the radio station located at the control point emits complex PSK signals at a frequency of ω ₁ , and receives at a frequency of ω ₂ . And radio stations located on vehicles, on the contrary, emit complex PSK signals at a frequency of ω ₂ , and receive at a frequency of ω ₁ .

The exchange of discrete information between the control room and vehicles is confidential.

At the same time, the protection of confidential information has three levels: cryptographic, energy, and structural.

The cryptographic level is provided by special methods of encryption, coding and conversion of discrete information, as a result of which its content becomes inaccessible without presenting the cryptogram key and the inverse transformation.

The energy and structural level are ensured by the use of complex QPSK signals, which have high energy and structural secrecy.

Thus, the functionality of the system is expanded.

Claims (1)

A territorial control system for the transportation of environmentally hazardous goods, containing on each vehicle a sequentially connected radio station, a subscriber coding device and a registration device, as well as a coordinate information sensor, a cargo character sensor and signal sensors connected to a subscriber coding device, at the control point there are serially connected radio stations , the first processor and the workplace of the ecologist, the comparison unit is connected in series to the output of the first processor , an encoding device, an ecologist’s workstation and a second processor, the output of which is connected to the second input of the comparison unit, while the radio stations of the vehicles and the control center are connected by radio channels, each radio station contains a phase detector, a high-frequency generator in series, and a phase manipulator in series power amplifier, duplexer, the input-output of which is connected to the transceiver antenna, the first mixer, the second input of which is connected to the first output of the first get the first amplifier, and the first amplifier of the first intermediate frequency, serially connected to the second output of the first local oscillator, the first phase shifter 90 °, the second mixer, the second input of which is connected to the output of the duplexer, the second amplifier of the first intermediate frequency, the second phase shifter 90 °, the adder, the second input of which connected to the output of the first amplifier of the first intermediate frequency, the first multiplier, the second input of which is connected to the output of the duplexer, a narrow-band filter, an amplitude detector and a key, the second input of which It is connected to the output of the adder, the second input of the phase manipulator of the radio station located on the control unit is connected to the first processor, and the output of the phase detector is connected to the first processor, the second input of the phase manipulator of the radio station located on each vehicle is connected to the subscriber coding device, and the output the phase detector is connected to a subscriber coding device, characterized in that each radio station is equipped with a second local oscillator, a third mixer, a second intermediate amplifier frequency, a second multiplier and a band-pass filter, and a third mixer is connected in series to the output of the phase manipulator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second local oscillator, and a second intermediate frequency amplifier, whose output is connected to the input of the power amplifier, the second multiplier is connected in series to the key output, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second local oscillator, a bandpass filter and a phase detector, the second input of which is connected to the second output of the first local oscillator, frequencies ω _Г1 and ω _G2 local oscillators are spaced by the value of the first intermediate frequency ω _p1 : ω _G1 -ω _G2 = ω _p1 , the radio station located at the control station is capable of emitting complex signals with phase shift keying at a frequency of ω ₁ = ω _G1 = ω _CR2 , where ω _CR2 - the second intermediate frequency, and receiving at a frequency of ω ₂ = ω _Г2 = ω _p3 , where ω _pr3 is the third intermediate frequency, and the radio station located on each vehicle is _configured to emit complex signals with phase shift keying at a frequency of ω ₂ , and reception at a frequency of ω ₁ .

Images