RU2312036C2 - Device for reduction of hydraulic resistance of water conduit of shipboard water-jet propeller - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: shipbuilding; designing water conduits for water-jet propellers.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device has pipe line with porous members over perimeter of inlet opening of water-jet propeller conduit; it is connected via pipe line with equipment used for preparation of working medium which is fed to boundary layer on inner skin of water conduit. This equipment is provided with transonic jet apparatus in form of mixer-pump; used as working medium is gas-and-water or vapor-and-water two-phase mixture generated in mixer; fraction of gas (air, vapor) ranges from 20 to 90%. First inlet of mixer is connected with water (sea water for example) source by means of pipe line fitted with metering unit. Second inlet is connected with gas or air (vapor) source by means of pipe line provided with metering unit. Pipe line with porous members consists of one or several self-contained parts with common or individual mixers. Slots may be provided inside water conduit over perimeter of one or several cross sections in water conduit skin; each slot is provided with manifold which is connected with mixer by means of pipe line. Slot and manifold may be made from several self-contained sections provided with their own pipe lines and metering units for delivery of two-phase liquid.

EFFECT: simplification of working medium generating equipment; continuous operation of water conduit during operation of propeller; reduction of hydraulic resistance of friction in water conduit; increased running speed; enhanced efficiency; saving of fuel.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to shipbuilding, namely to water jet propulsion of ships, underwater vehicles and other watercraft.

Known devices for some compensation of the hydraulic resistance of water in the conduit of water-jet propulsion devices by placing hydrodynamic bodies in the conduit and / or due to the shape of the inner lining of the conduit, as a result of which an additional (hull) thrust to the main reactive thrust of the vessel appears [1-3 and etc.].

The disadvantages of such devices is the hydraulic friction resistance of the water flow on the inner lining of the conduit is essentially preserved and even increases due to the friction resistance of the hydrodynamic bodies placed in the conduit and the change in the shape of the lining.

Known bimodal water intake jet propulsion of a high-speed vessel [4], containing a water conduit with inlet and outlet openings, while along the perimeter of the inlet there is a pipeline with porous elements connected to a mixer for preparing a working medium. Adopted for the prototype.

The disadvantages of the prototype is the need to carry consumable ingredients for the working environment (high molecular weight polymers), moreover, expensive; limited polymer life for the device; rather sophisticated equipment for preparing the working environment; insufficient degree of reduction of friction resistance.

The technical result of the invention are: simplification of equipment for the production of a working environment, no need to carry consumables, the device can work during the entire operation of the propulsion device; increasing the degree of reduction of hydraulic friction resistance.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known device, containing along the perimeter of the water supply inlet of the water-jet propulsion, a pipeline with porous elements connected to equipment for preparing the working medium, a transonic jet apparatus - Fisenko mixer-pump is used as the equipment mixer, and as the working medium - homogeneous (homogeneous) gas-water or steam-water two-phase mixture produced in the mixer (hereinafter - the two-phase mixture). In this case, the first inlet of the mixer is connected by a pipeline equipped with a metering device to a source of water (for example, an outboard), the second input of the mixer is connected by a pipeline (with a metering device) to a source of gas or air (steam). The source of steam may be, for example, a steam boiler of a ship. The proportion of gas (air, steam) in a two-phase mixture is from 0.2 to 0.9. A pipeline with porous elements can consist of several autonomous parts with autonomous mixers. If necessary, in one or more cross sections along the length of the conduit along the perimeter of the section, slots are made in its casing with a collector installed behind the casing connected by a pipeline to the mixer. Moreover, the slots and the collector along the length of the perimeter of the section can be made of several autonomous sections with their pipelines (with metering devices) for supplying a two-phase mixture.

In FIG. 1a shows the layout of the device on a water-jet propulsion of a surface vessel, FIG. 1b - equipment for the preparation of a two-phase mixture, FIG. 2a shows a diagram of a device for a water jet propulsion of an underwater vehicle, and FIG. 2b - appropriate equipment for the preparation of a two-phase mixture.

A device for a water conduit 1 of a water-jet propulsion device of a surface vessel (Fig. 1a) comprises a conduit 3 with porous elements installed along the perimeter of the inlet 2 of the conduit 1, and also a conduit 4 connecting the conduit 3 to the equipment 5 for preparing a two-phase mixture. Inside the water conduit 1, a slot 6 with a collector 7 and a pipe 8 is made along the perimeter of its cross section. Equipment 5 for preparing a two-phase mixture (Fig. 1b) includes a mixer 9 with an output 10 and two inputs. The first input 11 of the mixer 9 is connected by a pipe 12 (with a metering device 13) to a water source, for example, sea water. The second input 14 of the mixer is connected by a pipe 15 to a source of gas or air (steam) 16. The output 10 of the mixer is connected by pipelines (with a metering device) 4 and 8 with a pipe 3 and a collector 7.

A device for a profiled conduit of a submarine vessel (apparatus) (Fig. 2a) 17 comprises an inlet 18, pipelines 19 and 20 with porous elements mounted on the upper and lower edges of the inlet 18, as well as pipelines 21 and 22, connecting pipelines 19 and 20 with a mixer 23. If necessary, slots are made in one or more cross sections in the water conduit casing, for example, a gap 24 with a collector 25 and a pipe 26 on the bow trim 27. As well as a slot 28 with a collector 29 and a pipe 30 on the aft skin 31 The equipment 23 for the production of a two-phase mixture (figb) includes a mixer 32 with an output 33 and two inputs. The first inlet 34 of the mixer 32 is connected by a pipe 35 (with a metering device 36) to a water source, such as sea water. The second input 37 of the mixer is connected by a pipe 38 to a source of gas or air (steam) 39. To the output 33 of the mixer are connected pipelines (with a metering device 36) 21, 22, 26 and 30.

The device operates as follows. To start the device, water (for example, overboard) is supplied to the mixer 9 for a surface vessel (32 for a submarine vessel) through a first inlet 11 (34) through a pipe 12 (35). Adjustment of water flow is carried out by the metering device 13 (36). Through the second inlet 14 (37) of the mixer, gas or air (steam) is supplied from a gas or air source 16 (39) through a pipe 15 (38). The flow and pressure of gas or air (steam) are adjusted by the metering device 13 (36). In the case of using steam, its source 16 (39) may be the steam boiler of the vessel. As a mixer 9 (32), a Fisenko transonic inkjet apparatus is used (author's certificate No. 966326, publ. 1982; author's certificate No. 1699564, publ. 1991; RF patent No. 2016261, publ. 1994; patent RF №2155280, publ. 2000), which is both a mixer and a pump. In mixer 9 (32), water and gas enter the mixing chamber, where a homogeneous (homogeneous) gas-water (steam-water) two-phase mixture with microscopic gas (steam, air) inclusions is formed. A stream of a two-phase mixture is created, which then slows down in the mixer with increasing pressure in the stream to a certain value, while at the output 10 (33) of the mixer 9 (32), the stream has a given speed and flow rate while maintaining the two-phase state by the stream. In this case, the proportion of gas in the two-phase mixture will be from 0.2 to 0.9, and the flow velocity from 20 to 100 m / s. For a surface vessel, the resulting two-phase mixture is sent through pipelines 4 and 8 with the flow rate and pressure set by the metering device 13 to the pipeline 3 with porous elements and to the collector 7, respectively. The two-phase mixture through the porous elements of the pipeline 3 and slot 6 enters the boundary layer of the surface water flow the inner lining of the conduit, reducing the friction resistance of its movement in the conduit. For an underwater vessel, a two-phase mixture through pipelines 21, 22, 26 and 30 enters the pipelines with porous elements 19 and 20 and collectors 25 and 29, from where it is supplied to the boundary layer of the inner lining of the water conduit.

The properties of a two-phase mixture are determined by the volume ratios of its constituent ingredients. If the volumes of water and gas (steam) and the speed of the two-phase mixture at the mixer output exceed the speed of sound propagation in this two-phase mixture, the minimum (almost zero) friction resistance of this mixture against the surface of the housing and in pipelines takes place (V. Fisenko "The compressibility of the coolant and the efficiency of the circulation circuits of nuclear power plants." M .: Energoatomizdat, 1987). As a result, the frictional resistance of the flow of water in the conduit should be reduced by more than half.

The proposed device will significantly reduce the hydraulic resistance in the conduit of the jet propulsion, increase the speed of the vessel and the efficiency of the jet propulsion of surface and submarine vessels, underwater vehicles, thereby reducing the time of delivery of goods and passengers to ports of destination or reduce fuel consumption.

Used sources

1. RF patent No. 2213677, publ. 2003 year

2. RF patent No. 2219099, publ. 2003 year

3. RF patent No. 2228879, publ. 2004 year

4. RF patent No. 2184678, publ. 2002 year

Claims (3)

1. A device for reducing hydraulic resistance in the conduit of a water-jet propulsion device of a surface vessel, comprising a pipeline with porous elements around the inlet of the water supply of the water-jet propulsion device, which is connected by a pipeline to equipment for preparing a working medium supplied to the boundary layer on the inner skin of the water conduit, characterized in that the equipment uses a transonic jet apparatus - a Fisenko mixer-pump, and as a working medium - homogeneous produced in the mixer (homogeneous gas-water or steam-water two-phase mixture, in which the proportion of gas (air, steam) is from 20 to 90%, while the first input of the mixer is connected by a pipe equipped with a metering device to a water source (for example, outboard), the second input of the mixer is connected by a pipe (with a metering device) with a source of gas or air (steam), while the pipeline with porous elements consists of one or more autonomous parts with common or autonomous mixers. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that gaps are made inside the conduit along the perimeter of one or more of its cross sections in the conduit casing, each with a collector located behind the casing, which is connected by a pipeline to the mixer. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the slit and collector along the length of the perimeter of the cross section of the water conduit are made of several autonomous sections with their pipelines (with metering devices) for supplying a two-phase liquid.

Images