RU2310883C1 - Generator for imitating interference signals from dipole reflectors - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electronics.

SUBSTANCE: invention includes modeling interference reflections of dipole reflectors on screen of radiolocation station, which correspond to real conditions of receipt of packs of reflected impulses from intentional passive interference with slow fluctuation of amplitude. Dipole reflector interference signal generator contains control panel, memory block, block for modeling movement of radiolocation station carrier, synchronization signal generator and block for forming video signal, block for modeling flight of jammer, block for forming visibility zone of interference, and block for forming interference parameters, connected in a certain way.

EFFECT: increased trustworthiness of imitation of signals reflected by dipole reflectors due to consideration of spatial and time distribution of dipole reflectors and movement of carrier ship of radiolocation station.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of radar, and in particular to simulators of interfering signals from dipole reflectors (DO) at the output of the receiver of a survey shipborne radar station, and can be used to educate and train radar operators to act in conditions of passive interference generated by DO.

Currently, defense systems are widely used to cover air attack weapons when they strike surface ships.

The training of radar operators responsible for lighting the air situation when striking with air attack means, to a certain extent, depends on the adequacy of simulating the setting of passive interference from airborne forces and changing its characteristics during exposure to the radar.

Dipole reflectors are usually completed in packs. Opening up after being thrown from the jammer, such a pack creates a cloud of DO.

Interference is made, as a rule, by periodically dropping bundles of DO. If the bursts are dumped quite often, the clouds they form merge with each other, as a result of which rather wide and extended regions of space are formed, inside which BSs are randomly scattered, the so-called bands of dipole reflectors. Depending on the tasks to be solved, the presence of forces and means of creating passive interference and weather conditions (wind direction and speed), DO bands relative to the radar can be created at different angles.

Atmospheric turbulence, aerodynamics of dipoles, and other factors affect the speed of spatial dispersion of a cloud of dipoles. As a result, the amplitude of the resulting reflected signal varies in time according to a random law, in addition, there is an extension of the frequency spectrum of the total reflected signal.

When receiving the reflected signals from the DO, a masking passive interference is formed on the radar indicator. In this regard, it becomes necessary to include in the composition of technical means for providing training for radar operators a device for simulating passive interference created by reflections from DOs.

A device that generates pulsed flows is known (Tverskoy G.N., Terentyev G.K., Kharchenko I.P. Simulators of echo signals of ship radar stations. - L .: Sudostroenie, 1973. - p.142-205), but this device is intended only for tuning radar paths and therefore cannot be used to train operators.

Known devices that simulate different jamming conditions (Bichaev B.P., Zelenin V.M., Novik L.I. Marine simulators. - L .: Shipbuilding, 1986. - p.120-126), but this situation is simulated on devices simulating the terminal devices of systems intended for the training of electronic warfare specialists.

Known signal generators of targets and interference for surveillance radars and radar tracking (RU 2193215 C2, IPC 7 G01S 7/40, 11/20/2002. RU 2199130 C2, IPC 7 G01S 13/66, H03K 3/84, 02/20/2003. RU 2178571 C1, IPC 7 G01S 7/40, 01/20/2002. RU 2193214 C1, IPC 7 G01S 7/38, 11/20/2002. RU 2186407 C1, IPC 7 G01S 7/38, 07/22/2002. RU 2253129 C2, IPC 7 G01S 7/40, May 27, 2005. RU 2253130 C1, IPC 7 G01S 7/40, May 27, 2005). Known generators are designed to simulate various types of signals and interference, but they do not provide simulation of interference signals from dipole reflectors.

The closest to the claimed device in most essential respects and the technical result achieved is a device including a control panel, a memory unit, a unit for generating relative coordinates of the carrier, a read and synchronize unit, which includes a clock generator, and a video signal generating unit implemented using a generator noise, digital-to-analog converter and adder, with their connections (RU 2253130 C1, IPC 7 G01S 7/40, 2005). This device provides the formation of reflected signals from an excited sea surface at the pace of the radar, however, the simulation of signals reflected from dipole reflectors, the device selected as a prototype, is impossible due to the lack of blocks that take into account the spatial and temporal distribution of DO.

The objective of the invention is the provision of the formation of signals that simulate interference reflections from the DO at the output of the radar receiver, which allow the training and training of operators to quickly and accurately search, detect targets and measure their coordinates under the influence of intentional passive interference on the radar.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of this invention is to increase the reliability of the simulation of the reflected signals from the DO by taking into account the spatial and temporal distribution of the DO and the movement of the radar carrier ship.

The solution is achieved by the fact that the generator of interference signals from dipole reflectors, containing a control panel, a memory unit, a radar carrier motion simulation unit (MDN unit), a clock generator and a video signal generation unit (FVS unit), the control panel output being connected to the input by a bus clock generator and with the first input of the memory block, the output of the FVC block is the first output of the device, the second output of which is the output of the clock generator, a flight simulation unit for the director is introduced chi (block MPPP), block forming the zone of visibility of interference (block FZVP) and block forming parameters of the interference (block FPP), while the second input-output of the memory block is connected by a two-way bus with the first inputs and outputs of the block FZVP, block MDN and block MPPP, the output of which is connected to the second input of the FZVP block, the fourth input of which is connected to the output of the MDN block, and the output is connected through the FPP to the first input of the FVS block, the synchronization inputs of the MPPP block, the FZVP block, MDN block, the FPP block, and the FVS block are connected by the synchronization bus to synchros generator output ignals.

The possibility of achieving the above technical result is due to the fact that interference signals from the DO are formed taking into account:

- the relative position of the bands before and the suppressed radar;

- changes in the spatio-temporal characteristics of DO;

- amplitude and spectral fluctuations of the interfering signal from the DO;

- tactical and technical characteristics of the radar.

This is ensured by the introduction of the inventive generator working in the interaction of additional units: block FZVP, block MPPP and block FPP with their connections.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

figure 1 is a structural electrical diagram of the inventive device;

figure 2 is a structural electrical circuit block FPP;

figure 3 is a structural electrical diagram of the unit FVS;

figure 4 - shows an example of the image setting TO displayed on the indicator of the survey ship radar.

The generator of interfering signals from dipole reflectors contains a control panel 1, a memory unit 2, an MDN unit 3, a clock signal generator 4, an MPPP unit 5 and a series-connected unit 6 of the FZVP, unit 7 of the FPPP and unit 8 of the FSF. The output of the control panel 1 is connected by a bus to the input of the clock generator 4 and to the first input of the memory unit 2. The second input-output of the memory unit 2 is connected by a two-way bus with the first inputs and outputs of the FZVP block 6, the MDN unit 3 and the MPPP block 5, the output of which is connected to the second input of the FZVP block 6, the fourth input of which is connected to the output of the MDN unit 3. The synchronization inputs of block 3 MDN, block 5 MPPP, block 6 FZVP, block 7 FPP and block 8 FVS are connected by a synchronization bus to the output of the generator 4 clock signals. The output of the FVC block 8 is the first output of the device, the second output of which is the output of the clock generator 4.

The control panel 1 provides input of the initial data for modeling: the movement of the vehicle — the carrier of the radar, the flight of the interference director, the deployment of the DO bands and the formation of the interference visibility zone.

Block 2 of the memory provides storage of input data, as well as other values that are unchanged during the operation of the generator during the formation of passive interference from TO.

Block 3 modeling the movement of the radar carrier provides the calculation of the motion parameters of the ship - the radar carrier by setting the initial values of the course and speed, as well as the moments of the start and maneuver parameters of the ship. Structurally, it is equivalent to the unit for forming the relative coordinates of the prototype carrier.

The clock generator 4 provides the generation of control signals to synchronize the operation of the blocks of the device.

Block 5 modeling the flight of the interference director provides the calculation of the spatial path of the aircraft - the interference director by setting the initial values of the course and speed, the moments of the start and the maneuver parameters of the aircraft.

Block 6 formation of the interference visibility zone provides a simulation of the formation of the cloud of DO, discretization of the area of space occupied by the cloud of interference on the elements of the pulse volume of the radar.

Block 7 generating interference parameters provides the calculation of the average power of the interfering signal and simulating fluctuations of the reflected signal from the DO.

Block 8 of the formation of the video signal provides the formation of a video signal of interference reflections from DO, taking into account the noise of the radar receiver.

The generator of interfering signals from dipole reflectors operates as follows. From the remote control 1 are entered:

- parameters of the movement of the ship - carrier of the radar: the initial location of the ship (X _NK ; Y _NK ), heading - To _NK , speed - V _HK , the moments of start and maneuver parameters;

- radar operating mode: range scale - D _W , on which the operator will work, and the time of the full revolution of the antenna - T _O ;

- flight parameters of the aircraft - jammer: the initial coordinates (X _N , Y _H , N _N ), the moments of the start and maneuver parameters;

- DO parameters: coordinates of the beginning and end of the jamming band, the interval between the ejected bursts is H _i , the dropping rate of the bursts is ΔТ, the average speed of free fall of dipole reflectors is V _O ;

- meteorological conditions: radar observability coefficient - K _RLN , wind direction - K _B and wind speed - V _B.

This information can be entered both before and during the operation of the generator.

The entered data goes to the memory unit 2, where data is also stored that does not change during the operation of the generator and depends on the tactical and technical characteristics of the radar.

The synchronization of the operation of the device blocks is ensured by the generation of 4 clock signals by the generator on the separate outputs of the control signals, combined in a common synchronization bus:

- the beginning of the forward sweep;

- the beginning of the reverse sweep;

- the current bearing of the maximum antenna radiation pattern (MDNA);

- the beginning of dropping packs of TO;

- the period of dropping packs TO.

The period of the following T _AND pulses of the beginning of the forward sweep (IWF) and the pulses of the beginning of the reverse sweep (INOX), their temporal arrangement (t _PX is the time of the forward motion and t _OX is the time of the reverse motion) and the sequence of changing the antenna bearing codes are determined by the radar operating mode set from the remote control 1.

Block 3 MDN, based on the information received from block 2 of the memory, in real time calculates the current coordinates of the radar carrier.

During the first calculation of the location of the medium after switching on, the MDN unit 3 receives from the memory unit 2 data on the initial position of the medium, its course and speed. In further calculations, the MDN block 3 uses the coordinates of the previous location of the carrier and the start time of the maneuver. If the current time is less than the start time of the maneuver, then the calculations use the heading and the speed of the carrier, or those entered from the control panel 1. If the current time is equal to the start time of the maneuver, then the course and the speed of the maneuver are used to calculate the next location of the carrier.

Block 5 of the MPPP, based on the initial data on the initial values of the course and speed, onset times, and maneuver parameters of the aircraft arriving from memory unit 2, calculates in real time the trajectory of the spatial movement of the aircraft - jammer (see, for example, Cherny MA, Korablin V.I. Air Navigation. - M.: Transport, 1991. - p. 69-120).

Block 6 FZVP begins to work on the signal to start dropping packs TO. This reads from block 2 of the data memory:

- on the tactical and technical characteristics of the radar: the minimum detection range of the radar is D _MZ , the resolution in range is Δd, the antenna mounting height is N _A , the resolving powers in the bearing are Δφ and in the seam are Δθ, the antenna radiation pattern width (BOTTOM) along the bearing - φ and the elevation - θ, the maximum - α _max and the minimum - α _{min the} angles of the beam of the bottom of the radar, set by the operator range scale - D _W ;

- about meteorological conditions: direction - K _B and speed - V _B wind, radar observability coefficient - K _RLN ;

- about DO parameters: coordinates of the beginning and end of the jamming band, the interval between the ejected bursts - H _i , the dropping rate of the bursts - ΔT, the average free fall speed of dipole reflectors - V _O ;

During the time ΔT, the process of calculating the interference visibility zone for each dropped packet DO is sequentially performed:

- calculation of the current lifetime - t _m for each pack DO:

where m is the number of the dropped packet (numbering is from scratch);

t _TEK is the time from the beginning of jamming;

ΔT is the rate of dropping packets before the jammer;

- calculation of the height of the cloud of dipoles - N _TEK for a given lifetime of the packet - t _m :

- calculation of the range of the _DG radio horizon:

- calculation of the distance D _P to the boundaries of the cloud of interference;

- calculation of the bearing φ _P and elevation angle θ _{P the} boundaries of the cloud of interference;

- compares the values of the ranges to the boundaries of the cloud of interference with the values of the ranges D _MZ , D _RG , D _W (see relations (4) and (5));

- compares the values of the elevation angle of the boundaries of the interference cloud with the maximum α _max and minimum α _min angles of inclination of the radar beam (see relation (6)).

The interference visibility zone is considered to be the interference region, which is located in a region of space for which the following conditions are simultaneously fulfilled:

- in range:

- by elevation:

With the arrival of the next clock signal, the burst dropping begins the process of calculating the interference visibility zone for the next burst of DO.

In the selected interference visibility zone, the space occupied by the interference is discretized into unit cells corresponding to the size of the radar pulse volume, which is limited by the radar resolution in range, bearing, and elevation angle (see, for example, Maksimov M.V., Bobnev M.P., Krivitsky B.Kh. et al. Protection from radio interference, ed. By Maksimov MV - M .: Sov. Radio, 1976. - p. 89). Cells are digitized by its elevation position and range relative to the radar carrier ship. The bearing discrete number is selected from the interval from 1 to k, where k is the total number of bearings discrete - φ. The discrete number of the elevation angle is selected from the interval from 1 to m, where m is the total number of discretes of the elevation angle - 6. The number of the discrete of the angle of elevation is selected from the interval from 1 to b, where b is the total number of discretes of the range defined by (7-9):

where D _max - the maximum size of the range of the radar in range (D _max = D _W );

C is the speed of propagation of electromagnetic waves in air.

For each cell, the average value of the sum of the effective scattering area (EPR) of all BSs within the pulse volume of the radar is calculated from the relation (Paly A.I. Electronic warfare. - M.: Military Publishing, 1974. - p. 177-179)

- среднее значение удельной ЭПР (ЭПР дипольных отражателей на единицу импульсного объема);Where

- the average value of the specific EPR (EPR of dipole reflectors per unit of pulse volume);

V _ИО - radar pulse volume.

Data is output from the FZVP block 6 during a direct sweep, while the values from the cells are read in the direction of the current bearing of the antenna sequentially from the digitized elements of the range of the interference visibility range. Depending on the indicator operating mode, the average EPR value is summed over cells located at the same range within the entire width of the antenna pattern (in the circular viewing mode) or within the width of the partial beam.

In block 7.1 of block 7 of the FPP (Fig. 2), for each cell, the average power of the interference signal DO is calculated from the radar range equation, which is multiplied in the multiplier 7-2 with a random number generated by the 7-3 random number generator. The distribution law of random numbers generated by the random number generator is selected depending on the time elapsed from the beginning of the jamming until the moment of calculation, which provides a simulation of the amplitude fluctuations of the jamming signal and its correlation properties depending on the time of expansion of the cloud DO (see, for example, Maksimov M .V., Bobnev M.P., Krivitsky B.Kh. et al. Protection from radio interference, ed. By Maksimov MV - M .: Sov. Radio, 1976. - p. 87).

When a signal appears at the input of the FVC block 8 (Fig. 3), the DAC block 8-1 converts it into an analog video signal of the corresponding amplitude. The shape of the video signal is similar to the signal at the output of the radar receiver when reflections from the DO are detected. The adder 8-2 combines the video signals from the cloud TO and the signals from the generator 8-3 noise, which simulates the intrinsic noise of the radar receiver.

At the first output of the generator of interfering signals from the DO, the video signals generated by the FVC block 8 are received. The second output receives synchronization pulses that ensure synchronization of the radar indicator.

Thus, the inventive generator of jamming signals from dipole reflectors provides an imitation of the functioning of the surveillance radar when operating in opposition to the enemy, in different conditions of radar observability, at the rate of operation of the radar, taking into account the power of the exposed passive interference, meteorological conditions and the movement of the carrier ship reliability, which allows, together with the target signal generator, to educate and train operators in actions to search for and detect targets and measuring their coordinates.

It is advisable to use the generator of interference signals from dipole reflectors together with RU 2186407 C1, IPC 7 G01S 7/38, 07.22.2002. RU 2193214 C1, IPC 7 G01S 7/38, 11.20.2002. RU 2193215 C2, IPC 7 G01S 7/40, 11.20.2002. RU 2253129 C2, IPC 7 G01S 7/40, 05.27.2005. RU 2253130 C1, IPC 7 G01S 7/40, 05.27.2005, and their combination may be called a simulator.

Claims (1)

A generator simulating interference signals from dipole reflectors, comprising a control panel, a memory unit, a radar carrier motion simulation unit (MDN unit), a clock generator and a video signal generation unit (FVS unit), the control panel output being connected by a bus to the input of the clock generator and to the first the input of the memory block, the output of the FVC block is the first output of the device, the second output of which is the output of the clock generator, characterized in that a flight simulation block of the director bellows (block MPPP), block forming the zone of visibility of interference (block FZVP) and block generating parameters of the interference (block FPP), while the second input-output of the memory block is connected by a two-way bus with the first inputs and outputs of the block FZVP, block MDN and block MPPP, the output of which is connected to the second input of the FZVP block, the fourth input of which is connected to the output of the MDN block, and the output is connected through the FPP to the first input of the FVS block, the synchronization inputs of the MPPP block, the FZVP block, MDN block, the FPP block, and the FVS block are connected by the synchronization bus to sync generator output osignalov.

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