RU2309364C2 - Equipment for underwater rank driving - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction of power plants associated with the air supply for combustion and discharge of exhaust gases, applicable in tanks for provision of underwater driving.

SUBSTANCE: detachable low-profiled housing are positioned under the automatic loader, and obliquely installed with the flanges on the left-hand and right-hand louvers. The housings are provided with box-type air conduits directed to the hull sides. Flanges for installation of the left-hand and right-hand air-intake pipes in the traveling position of the turret are positioned in the upper walls of the air conduit in the area of the overtrack racks. The total area of the flow section of the air-intake pipes and box-type air conduits provides for and air flow rate required for active life of the crew and engine operation in the low-power condition at underwater traveling. The housings are provided with air-intake openings with covers opening due to unlocking of the covers and their turn with the aid of the torsion bars at a release of the air-intake pipes. The dimensions of the air-intake openings are selected with provision of an additional air flow rate required for engine operation in the maximum-power condition, which makes it possible to conduct combat actions just after stream crossing without release of the low-profiled housings.

EFFECT: the low-profiled housings make it possible to dispose them in a restricted space.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for supplying air to power of power plants and exhaust gas and can be used in tanks with a gas turbine engine (GTE) and a gun loaded with automatic loading (AZ), to provide underwater driving when overcoming water obstacles up to 5 m deep.

Equipment for underwater driving of the tank (ATVT) should include permanently installed in the car and removable units that provide:

- sealing the machine from water;

- supply of the engine with atmospheric air and exhaust gas exhaust;

- pumping water that has penetrated into the machine body;

- safety and air crew supply.

A feature of the operation of a gas turbine engine, for example, a T-80 tank, is that in maximum power mode it operates at an air flow rate of 4.5 kg / s (see the book Transport Vehicles with Gas Turbine Engines. / Edited by N. S. Popov , Leningrad, "Mechanical Engineering", Leningrad Branch, 1987, pp. 73-74), and such a large amount of air must be supplied to the engine with minimal hydraulic resistance, since the high resistance of the air path causes a vacuum on the air cleaner, which leads to loss engine power and its about overheating.

In this case, the engine operation mode is determined by the fact that when overcoming ford and underwater driving (see "Object 219P. Technical Description and Operating Instructions", book 2, Moscow, "Military Publishing House of the USSR Ministry of Defense", 1986, p. 645, 650 ) the movement is carried out in the first transmission gear and the rotor speed of the power turbine n _tc = 10 ÷ 30% (speed 4 km / h).

It is known that an air-cooled engine is available in which air is supplied to the inlet blinds through an air intake device made according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 47813 for the utility model "Air intake device of a vehicle engine". The specified device is equipped with a transitional box duct, which is mounted on the rear wall of the gun turret with the possibility of circular rotation of the tower horizontally. The air intake pipe is installed on the transitional duct and, in preparation for overcoming water obstacles, it increases in height with an additional pipe. In the transitional duct, underwater driving seal is installed movably, with the possibility of lowering onto the entrance louvres, which includes fixed shells mounted on the inner surface of the transitional duct and connected by elastic sealing elements with movable shells and pressure frames made along the contour of the entrance louvers and provided with sealing elements. The set of equipment also includes an exhaust pipe installed through an adapter on the exhaust pipe of the engine, and a discharge mechanism, an exhaust pipe with a pneumatic cylinder.

A disadvantage of the known OPVT is that it cannot be used on tanks with a loaded AZ, made, for example, on the base chassis of the T-80 tank and its modifications using the turret according to RF patent No. 2233418 for the invention "Unified tank turret". The specified tower is made with the possibility of installing a removable armored transport-loading container with an automatic loading mechanism. The container protrudes beyond the tower with a small height gap above the entrance louvers and therefore it is not possible to place the transitional duct described above over the louvers.

It is known that the T-80 tank’s ATVT (see "Object 219P. Technical Description and Operating Instructions", book 2, Moscow, Military Publishing House of the USSR Ministry of Defense, 1986, pp. 635-645), which is taken as a prototype.

The ATVT units permanently installed in the machine include the bow and stern pumps, the valve for ejecting water from the stern pump, the gyro-feed and seals.

Removable HVAC units include an air supply pipe, a left casing of inlet louvers, which is connected by a sleeve to a right casing, an exhaust pipe and various seals. The air supply pipe is installed on the left casing, and the exhaust pipe through the adapter to the exhaust pipe of the engine.

A disadvantage of the known OPVT is the high hydraulic resistance of the air path, since air enters the right louvers sequentially through the air supply pipe, the left casing, the sleeve and the right casing, and the high resistance of the air path causes a vacuum on the air cleaner, which leads to loss of engine power and its overheating.

The present invention solves the problem of creating an OPVT for a tank with a gas turbine engine, for example, the T-80 and its modifications, including a loaded AZ.

The technical result achieved in solving the problem lies in improving the engine operating mode during underwater driving and after dumping the OPVT pipes.

The problem is solved in that the removable casings are made low-profile with a height dimension, providing the possibility of their placement under the automatic loader and installation of flanges on the left and right inlet louvers, while the casings are equipped with box ducts directed to the sides of the body, in the upper walls of the ducts in the area of the fenders shelves placed flanges with the possibility of installing the left and right intake pipes in the stowed position of the tower, and the total passage area of the left, etc. The main intake pipes and box ducts were selected with the air flow in the amount necessary for the crew to operate and the engine to operate under reduced power, which meets the conditions of movement under water, while the end walls of the low-profile casings are located obliquely above the blinds and are equipped with air intake windows with covers installed with ensuring the tightness of the casings in the closed position of the covers and the possibility of opening the intake windows due to the opening of the covers and their turn with using torsion bars when dumping the intake pipes, and the dimensions of the intake windows are selected to provide additional air flow necessary for the engine to operate at maximum power.

The analysis of the main distinguishing features showed that:

- the implementation of low-profile casings made it possible to install them in a height-limited volume between the entrance blinds and the armored container with the gun’s AZ;

- the use of two intake pipes, the choice of the passage area of the specified pipes and box ducts - provide the necessary air flow to the left and right blinds with minimal hydraulic resistance in the mode of reduced engine power that meets the conditions of movement under water;

- the opening of the intake windows in the low-profile casings during the discharge of the OPVT pipes provides an additional air flow to the engine, which allows the tank, without dropping the low-profile casings, to conduct combat operations immediately after overcoming a water obstacle when driving at maximum engine power.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which show:

figure 1 is a side view of the tank with the installed OPVT;

figure 2 is a top view of the tank with installed OPVT;

figure 3 is a rear view of the left low-profile casing and box duct, view A in figure 2 (intake pipe not shown);

figure 4 is a rear view of the right low-profile casing and the box duct, view B in figure 2 (intake pipe not shown);

figure 5 is a top view of the left low-profile casing and box duct, view In figure 3;

in Fig.6 is a section along the flange for installing the intake pipe, section GG in Fig.5.

The equipment for underwater driving of tank 1 (see Figs. 1, 2), mainly with a gas turbine engine, on the rear wall of the gun turret 2 of which an armored container 3 is mounted with an AZ gun (not shown) installed in it, includes a fore nose and a feed pump, gyro-feed and seals (not shown). Removable OPVT units include left 4 and right 5 shrouds designed to seal the entrance blinds 6, 7 (see Figs. 3, 4) and made low-profile with a height dimension h that allows them to be installed in the gap between the container 3 and the blinds 6, 7 The housings 4, 5 are equipped with box ducts 8, 9, which are directed to the sides and protrude beyond the side sections of the fenders of the tank body 1. Flanges 10, 11 are placed in the upper walls of the ducts 8, 9, onto which are provided with adapters 12, 13, equipped with clamping strips 15, 16, and bolts 17 and T-bolts at 18 (see Fig. 5), the left 19 and right 20 air intake pipes are installed with a guaranteed gap between them and the container 3 when the tower 2 is installed in the stowed position. The total passage area of these pipes and air ducts is chosen by calculation in such a way as to ensure flow of air supplied to the habitable compartment in the quantity necessary for the crew’s life and to the gas turbine engine for its operation in the mode established for underwater driving. In the end walls of the casings 4, 5, located obliquely above the entrance louvres 6, 7, there are made air intake windows “a” (see FIG. 6) with covers 21, which are pivotally mounted on these covers and spring-loaded with torsion 22. In the closed position of the cover 21 are fixed by spring stops 23 to ensure the tightness of the casings 4, 5. In the open position, the travel of the covers 21 is limited by stops 24. The dimensions of the air intake windows "a" are selected to ensure that when the covers 21 are opened, the additional air flow required to supply the cargo cargo vehicle when moving on land to all m speed range and maximum engine power at a rotational speed of the power turbine rotor n _tc = 100%.

The stops 23 and the T-shaped bolts 18 are connected with rods 25, 26, 27 of the discharge mechanism of the intake pipes 19, 20.

Removable equipment also includes an exhaust pipe 28, mounted through an adapter 29 on the exhaust pipe of the engine.

Work

When preparing tank 1 for overcoming water obstacles (underwater driving), tower 2 unfolds to the "marching" position and locks, casings 4, 5 with closed covers 21 fixed with stoppers 23 are installed on the blinds 6, 7 to ensure their tightness. On the flanges 10, 11 and on the exhaust pipe of the engine through the adapter 29, air intake pipes 19, 20 and exhaust 28 are installed, which are fixed with bolts 17 and 18. The position of the T-shaped bolts 18 is fixed by rod 25 of the discharge mechanism of the air intake pipes 19, 20. Overcoming s water barrier made in accordance with the requirements of the operating instructions of the tank.

After overcoming the water obstacle, the tower 2 is deployed to the "in combat" position, while the thrust 25 of the air intake pipe discharge mechanism rotates the T-shaped bolts 18 until they enter the grooves of the pressure bars 16, and the pipes 19, 20 and 28 freed from fastening are reset with tank.

At the same time, the thrusts 26, 27 of the intake pipe discharge mechanism will unlock the stoppers 23 and the covers 21 under the influence of the torsion bars 22 open to the stops 24. This ensures the air flow necessary for the engine to operate at maximum power.

Thus, the present invention has solved the task of creating an OPVT for a tank with a gas turbine engine, for example, the T-80 and its modifications, including with a crazy AZ.

Claims (1)

Equipment for underwater driving a tank with a gas turbine engine and a turret gun loader, containing removable casings, air intake and exhaust pipes, installed with the possibility of discharge after overcoming a water barrier, characterized in that the removable casings are made low-profile with a height dimension, allowing them to be placed under the machine loading and mounting flanges on the left and right inlet louvers, while the casings are equipped with box ducts directed to the sides of the housing, in Flanges are placed on the upper walls of the air ducts in the region of the fenders, allowing the left and right intake pipes to be installed in the stowed position of the tower, and the total passage area of the left and right intake pipes and box ducts is selected to ensure the air flow in the amount necessary for crew life and work engine in low power mode, corresponding to the conditions of movement under water, while the end walls of the low-profile casings are inclined above the blinds and equipped with air intake windows with covers installed to ensure the tightness of the housings in the closed position of the covers and the possibility of opening the intake windows by opening the covers and turning them with torsion bars when venting the air pipes, and the dimensions of the intake windows are selected to provide additional air flow required for engine operation in maximum power mode.

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