RU2309356C1 - Spraying unit of the water-cooling tower - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat and power industry; the structural components of the water-cooling towers.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of the circulating water supply, namely to the structural components of the water-cooling towers and other apparatuses for the heat-and-mass exchange between the liquid and gaseous mediums. The spraying unit of the water-cooling tower contains the made out of the polymeric material located in parallel to each other and fixed to each other pipes and sleeves. At that the sleeves are disposed one on each butt cross-section of the pipes and are clamped to the pipes by means of fusion of the sleeves of the butts and the pipes flush. At that the pipes and the sleeves are disposed upright or inclined to the vertical, and in the spraying unit cross-section - concerning one another the pipes and the sleeves are disposed in the staggered order. In the cross-section the pipes and the sleeves have the form of a rectangular or square form, and the pipes faces are made with the transversal U-shaped corrugations disposed perpendicularly or at An angle to the vertical. On each corrugation there is at least one row of the bulged or pits and the rows of the bulges and pits are sequentially alternated. At that the bulges and pits in the adjacent rows are disposed at the opposite to the vertical angles. Each bulge or pit is disposed at the angle to the vertical from 30° up to 45°. The altitude of each bulge and the depth of each pit compounds from 0.05 up to 0.2 of the face width, the length of each bulge or each pit makes from 0.25 up to 0.8 of the face width, and on each face in each row there are made executed, at least, three parallel to each other bulges or pits. The faces of the pipes have the through holes. As a result the invention allows to rise the intensity of the heat-and-mass exchange at the increased reliability of operation of the spraying unit of the water-cooling tower.

EFFECT: the invention allows to rise the intensity of the heat-and-mass exchange at the increased reliability of operation of the spraying unit of the water-cooling tower.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of recycled water supply, and in particular to the structural elements of cooling towers and other apparatus for heat and mass transfer between liquid and gaseous media.

Block sprinklers made of polymeric materials are known, for example, irrigation devices made in the form of a block of plastic horizontal pipes (see, for example, RF No. 2141616, class F28F 25/00, 11/20/1999 and No. 2141617, class F28F 25/08, 11/20/1999).

These sprinklers are effective and water resistant. However, these sprinklers have a relatively high aerodynamic drag, and in addition, the disadvantage of these sprinklers is the difficulty of assembling the block during its manufacture.

A well-known cooling tower sprinkler block containing vertical cylindrical corrugated pipes made of thermoplastic material, sleeves of the same material are flush with the ends in the channels between the pipes (see copyright certificate SU 1359634, class F28F 25/08, 12/15/1987).

The disadvantages of this sprinkler are the low reliability of the connection of sleeves and pipes, insufficient rigidity, a relatively high aerodynamic drag and low heat and mass transfer efficiency.

The closest to the invention in terms of technical nature and the achieved result is a cooling tower sprinkler unit, made of polymer material, arranged parallel to each other and fastened together by pipes and sleeves, while the sleeves are placed one from each of the pipe end sections and are fastened to them by fusion of the ends of the sleeves and pipes flush (see patent for utility model RU No. 28766, CL F28F 25/08, 04/10/2003).

The implementation of the cooling tower sprinkler block described above made it possible to increase the structural rigidity and simplify the assembly of the sprinkler block. However, the heat transfer efficiency is not high enough, due to the low turbulization of the flow of cooling air.

The objective of the invention is to simplify the design of the sprinkler, reducing material consumption and a more uniform distribution of water flows over the cross section of the sprinkler block of the tower.

The technical result achieved by using the invention is to increase the intensity of heat and mass transfer while increasing the reliability of the cooling tower irrigator.

This problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved due to the fact that the cooling tower irrigation unit contains polymeric material arranged parallel to each other and fastened together by pipes and sleeves, while the sleeves are placed one from each of the pipe end sections and are fastened to the pipes by fusing the ends of the sleeves and pipes flush, while the pipes and sleeves are located vertically or at an angle to the vertical, and in the cross section of the sprinkler relative to each other, the pipes and sleeves are located in In the Ahkhmat order, in the cross section of the pipe and the sleeve, they have the shape of a rectangle or square, and the pipe faces are made with transverse U-shaped corrugations located perpendicularly or at an angle to the vertical.

At least one row of protrusions or depressions is made on each corrugation, and the rows of protrusions and depressions alternating sequentially, while the protrusions and depressions in adjacent rows are located at angles opposite to the vertical, each protrusion or depression is located at an angle to the vertical from 30 ° up to 45 °, the height of each protrusion and the depth of each cavity is from 0.05 to 0.2 of the width of the face, the length of each protrusion or of each cavity is from 0.25 to 0.8 of the width of the face, and on each face in each row made at least three parallel each other friend protrusion or cavity.

Through holes can be made on the faces of the pipes.

In the study of the work of sprinklers collected from corrugated pipes, it was found that the design of the sprinkler can be simplified by making the sprinkler from the same type of corrugated pipes with a rectangular cross section, which during transportation take up little space due to tight laying on each other and almost completely overlap the cross section of a cooling tower. When assembling the sprinkler block, special adjustment of the pipes to each other is not required. The sprinkler unit is easily and quickly assembled at the installation site of the tower. The implementation of the sprinkler with the same vertical channels having a rectangular shape in cross section allows one to reduce aerodynamic drag and create a rigid sprinkler block structure from thin-walled pipes, while ensuring high heat and mass transfer efficiency. It is for this that the pipes are made with U-shaped corrugations with rows of protrusions and depressions on the latter. The flow of cooling air flowing from below flows around protrusions made in the form of angled ribs. As a result of interaction with the protrusions, the air flow swirls. Drops of water falling from above, falling into a swirling stream of air, are thrown onto the channel walls and flow down them in the form of a film, which makes it possible to achieve high heat transfer efficiency.

In the course of the study, the influence of design features of the protrusions and depressions on the efficiency of the irrigator was revealed. It was found that the most appropriate implementation of each protrusion and cavity at an angle to the vertical from 30 ° to 45 °. The implementation of the protrusions and depressions at an angle to the vertical of less than 30 ° does not allow such a swirling of the flow so that all drops of water are deposited on the walls of the channels in the upper part of the channels. There were even cases of water dropping through vertical channels. All this led to a decrease in the efficiency of heat transfer and the need to increase the size of the sprinkler. The implementation of the protrusions and depressions at an angle to the vertical of more than 45 ° allows you to organize the swirling flow, in which all drops of water are deposited in the upper part of the vertical channels. However, an excessively effective swirl of the air flow in the channel led to an increase in aerodynamic drag and, as a consequence, to a decrease in the efficiency of heat exchange between the cooled water and the cooling air. A similar dependence on the magnitude of the twist was revealed when performing protrusions and depressions with a height and length shorter or greater than the following size ratios. Thus, the most optimal result between heat transfer efficiency and aerodynamic drag was achieved with the height of each protrusion and the depth of each cavity, ranging from 0.05 to 0.2 of the width of the face of the pipe and the length of each protrusion or each cavity, from 0.25 to 0.8 of the width of the pipe face. The implementation in each row of less than 3 protrusions and depressions does not allow you to organize a twist that prevents breakthrough through the vertical channels of water droplets, so at least 3 parallel protrusions or depressions are made on each pipe face in each row.

     Figure 1 presents a schematic General view of the irrigation unit; figure 2 is a side view of the sprinkler unit, the pipes of which are made with transverse corrugations perpendicular to the vertical; figure 3 is a section aa in figure 2; figure 4 is a section bB in figure 2; figure 5 - block sprinkler with inclined corrugations.

The cooling tower sprinkler block comprises polymeric material arranged parallel to each other and joined together by pipes 1 and sleeves 2. The sleeves 2 are placed one at a time from each of the end sections of the pipes 1 and are flush with them by fusing the ends of the sleeves 2 and the pipes 1 flush. Pipes 1 and sleeves 2 are located vertically or at an angle to the vertical, and in the cross section of the sprinkler relative to each other, pipes 1 and sleeves 2 are staggered. In the cross section of the pipe 1 and the sleeve 2 are in the form of a rectangle or square. The faces 3 of the pipes 1 are made with transverse U-shaped corrugations 4 located perpendicularly or at an angle to the vertical.

At least one row of protrusions 5 or depressions 6 is made on each corrugation 4, and the rows of protrusions 5 and depressions 6 are successively alternated. The protrusions 5 and depressions 6 in adjacent rows are located at angles α opposite to the vertical. Each protrusion 5 or depression 6 are located at an angle α to the vertical from 30 ° to 45 °, the height h of each protrusion 5 and the depth h _{1 of} each depression 6 is from 0.05 to 0.2 of the width b of the face 3 of the pipe 1, length l each protrusion 5 or each cavity 6 is from 0.25 to 0.8 of the width b of the face 3 of the pipe. At each face 3 in each row, at least three parallel protrusions 5 or depressions 6 are made.

On the faces 3 of the pipes 1 can be made through holes 7.

The sprinkler of the cooling tower operates as follows.

Cooling air comes from the bottom of the tower due to natural draft in tower towers and forced movement in fan cooling towers. Cooled water on top of the sprinkler block is uniformly sprayed over the area formed by pipes 1 and sleeves 2 of the sprinkler block. In the sprinkler, heat and mass transfer occurs between water and air droplets moving in countercurrent, as well as on the surface of channels formed by corrugated pipes 1 and sleeves 2, after water drops contact the channel walls and water film forms on the channel surface formed by flowing drops of water during flow around protrusions 5 and depressions 6 on the corrugated surface of the pipes 1, and as a result of interaction with the protrusions 5 and depressions 6, the air flow is twisted. The bulk of the air moves in the central part of the channels formed by pipes 1 and sleeves 2 of the cooling tower sprinkler block, and the liquid, as a result of interaction with the swirling air flow and the walls of the channels, is deposited on the walls of the channels and moves along the walls of the channels in the form of a film.

Through holes 7 can be made on the faces 3 of the pipes 1, which makes it possible to intensify the air flow between the channels formed by the pipes 1, and thereby reduce the aerodynamic drag of the sprinkler unit while increasing the turbulization of the air flow.

This invention allows to solve the problem of creating a tower irrigation unit convenient for installation and transportation while simplifying and cheapening installation and repair work in cooling towers and can be used in devices for cooling water in water circulating systems of industrial enterprises with direct contact of cooled water and its cooling air.

Claims (3)

1. The cooling tower sprinkler unit, comprising polymers made parallel to each other and joined together by pipes and sleeves, the sleeves being placed one at a time from each of the pipe end sections and fastened to the pipes by fusing the ends of the sleeves and the pipes flush, characterized in that the pipes and sleeves are located vertically or at an angle to the vertical, and in the cross section of the sprinkler relative to each other, the pipes and sleeves are staggered, in the cross section of the pipe and sleeves they are shaped have a square or rectangle, and the faces of pipes are made from U-shaped transverse corrugations disposed perpendicular or at an angle to the vertical. 2. The cooling tower irrigation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one row of protrusions or depressions is made on each corrugation, the rows of protrusions and depressions alternating sequentially, with the protrusions and depressions in adjacent rows being opposite to the vertical angles, each protrusion or cavity is located at an angle to the vertical from 30 to 45 °, the height of each protrusion and the depth of each cavity is from 0.05 to 0.2 of the width of the face, the length of each protrusion or each cavity is from 0.25 to 0 , 8 of the width of the face, and on each face in each p at least three protrusions or depressions parallel to each other are made. 3. The cooling tower irrigation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that through holes are made on the faces of the pipes.

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