RU2308828C1 - System for watering of animals with cooled water - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering.

SUBSTANCE: watering system has reservoir, pump, waterers with heat-exchangers and water level regulating mechanism, conveying pipeline and back pipeline which are laid within ground at non-freezing depth. Moistening pipeline laid in conjunction with conveying pipeline and back pipeline is connected through throttle with reservoir and is equipped with openings having diameter of 2-3 mm, said openings being equally spaced from one another along the length of moistening pipeline, with space therebetween making 1.0-1.5 m.

EFFECT: increased productivity of animals and reduced probability of occurrence of diseases.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural production, in particular to devices for drinking animals on livestock farms.

A known system of watering animals with heated water, consisting of a heater, a pump, a control panel, a tank, drinking bowls with heat exchangers, pipelines for supplying coolant and water, enclosed in a common shell filled with heat-insulating material (see RF patent No. 2242120).

In this system, heat exchange between the water pipeline and the soil is difficult, which does not allow the use of a lower temperature of the latter for cooling water.

There is evidence that at a depth of 1.6-3.2 m the soil temperature in summer, for example, at the latitude of Orenburg is +12 ... + 7 ° С (see A.K. Shatkova “Soil temperature USSR territory ”, L .: Gidrometeoizdat, 1979, p.64). The difference between water and soil temperatures can be used to cool the water in drinking bowls during the hot season.

Watering animals with chilled water during the hot season has a beneficial effect on their physiological state, helps to increase productivity and reduces the likelihood of infectious diseases.

A well-known animal watering system, for example, sheep, containing a reservoir, a pump, drinkers with a water level mechanism and heat exchangers, laid in the ground direct and return pipelines (see. Usakovsky V.M., Suyunchaliev R.S. Complex mechanization in sheep farming. M .: Kolos, 1982, p.143-146).

In this system, water circulates through buried pipes and, due to the difference in temperature between air and soil, can take heat from it in winter and give it to it in summer, cooling. The second case is relevant for areas with elevated air temperatures.

The disadvantage of this system is the low heat transfer coefficient of the pipeline surface to the soil in the case of dry soil, since the latter has a porous structure and, as a consequence of this, low thermal conductivity.

The task of the invention is to increase the intensity of cooling water in the system.

As a result of using the proposed invention:

the values of the heat transfer coefficients of the surface of the water supply system to the soil and the thermal conductivity of the latter increase, respectively, the cooling of water in pipelines and drinkers improves.

The above technical result is achieved by the fact that in the animal watering system with chilled water containing a reservoir, a pump, drinking bowls with heat exchangers and a water level mechanism, direct and return pipelines located in the ground at a depth not subject to freezing, along with direct and return pipelines, a moisturizer is laid a pipeline connected through the throttle to the tank and having holes along the entire length through 1.0-1.5 m with a diameter of 2-3 mm.

The invention is illustrated by the drawing, which shows a diagram of a system for drinking animals with chilled water.

The system consists of a tank 1, pump 2, laid in the soil of direct 3 and return 4 pipelines, a throttle 5, a humidifying pipeline 6, a drinking bowl 7 with a heat exchanger 8 and a water level mechanism 9. The humidifying pipeline 6 has an entire length of 1.0-1 , 5 m holes with a diameter of 2-3 mm.

Direct 3 and return 4 pipelines are laid at a depth of soil that is not susceptible to freezing in winter, and in summer - heating, that is, 1.5-3.0 m.

Since the heat from the pipes is transferred to the soil, the pipes must be placed in the soil, and for the system to function in winter, the pipes must be placed at a depth not subject to freezing, and to increase the heat transfer, the soil must be moistened, however, when the holes are located in the humidifying pipeline more often than after 1, 0-1.5 m and making holes larger than 2-3 mm, soil undermining may occur, which will lead to system failure.

Drinking pipelines and heat exchangers are made of material having a thermal conductivity of at least 50 W / m · K. The diameters of the direct and return pipelines are adopted such that the necessary heat transfer from water to the ground is ensured at a given temperature difference.

The system works as follows.

Water from the reservoir 1 is pumped into the pipe 3 by the pump 2, it passes through the buried part, is cooled and supplied to the heat exchangers 8, passing through which it cools the water in the drinking bowl and enters the tank 1 through the return pipe 4. When the water level in the drinking bowl 2 decreases, it is automatically added through a level 9 mechanism.

Water from the tank 1 through the throttle 5 enters the pipeline 6 and through the holes in it goes into the ground, moistening it and wetting the surface of the pipelines 3 and 4.

The throttle inlet is regulated depending on the type and degree of dryness of the soil so as to provide the necessary heat transfer to the surface of the pipeline to the soil and heat dissipation on the soil, avoiding water overrun and soil erosion.

The cross-sectional area of the throttle must satisfy the condition

where ω ₁ is the cross-sectional area of the throttle hole,

ω ₂ - the cross-sectional area of the hole in the humidifying pipeline,

μ ₁ , μ ₂ - flow coefficients of these holes, respectively,

n is the number of holes in the humidification pipe,

N - pressure in the humidification pipe,

h is the pressure in the throttle.

The thermal conductivity of water (0.15-0.6 W / m · K) is 10-12 times greater than the thermal conductivity of air (0.02-0.04 W / m · K). In addition, the thermal conductivity of porous materials is highly dependent on moisture (see, for example, Isachenko V.P. et al. Heat Transfer. M: Energy, 1969, p.15). For wet material, the thermal conductivity is much higher than for dry material and water separately. For example, for dry brick it is 0.35 W / m · K, for water 0.6, and for wet brick 1.0 W / m · K. This effect can be explained by the presence of convective transport arising due to the capillary movement of water inside the porous material, and partly due to the fact that absorption-bound moisture has different characteristics compared to free water.

Therefore, moistening the soil increases the heat transfer of the pipeline to the soil, the dissipation of heat in the soil, better cooling of the water circulating in the pipelines, in the tank and in drinking bowls.

In hot climates, animals drink chilled water, for example, from 30-35 to 18-20 degrees. will help to improve the physiological state of animals, increase their productivity, such as milk, reduce infectious diseases.

In the cold season, the system will prevent freezing of water, so the water in the pipelines will receive heat from the ground.

The use of a low-power circulation pump in the system will make it possible to use renewable energy sources for its drive, in particular photovoltaic batteries.

Claims (1)

A chilled water animal feeding system comprising a reservoir, a pump, drinking bowls with heat exchangers and a water level mechanism, direct and return pipelines located in the ground at a depth not subject to freezing, characterized in that a humidifying pipeline is laid in it along with the direct and return pipelines, connected through the throttle to the tank and having along the entire length through 1.0-1.5 m holes with a diameter of 2-3 mm