RU2308187C2 - Method for predicting viability and productive longevity in cows under conditions of monsoon climate - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: animal science.

SUBSTANCE: in animals aged 8-10 mo one should determine the type of ceruloplasmin and haptohemoglobin in blood serum. Animal with the type of Cp BB Hp 2-2 should be referred to ones of higher viability and prolonged terms of practical use, animals with the type of Cp AA Hp-1 should be referred to ones of decreased viability and short terms of practical use, animals of other types of Cp and Hp should be referred to ones of intermediate position by viability and longevity of practical use. The innovation enables to predict viability and productive longevity in cows quickly and accurately in early age under conditions of monsoon climate.

EFFECT: higher accuracy of prediction.

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Description

The present invention relates to animal husbandry, in particular to dairy farming, and can be used to predict the viability and longevity of cows according to biochemical tests.

Irrational use of resources, the introduction of industrial methods of animal husbandry, and the violation of optimal environmental parameters create a situation of ecological crisis, which is manifested in an increase in morbidity and a decrease in the life expectancy of animals, in a decrease in the rate of reproduction. When improving the productive qualities of dairy cattle, the problem of the most efficient use of the livestock of cows as the main means of production should be solved [1].

From sources of scientific and technical literature and patent methods for determining the viability of newborn animals [2]. It lies in the fact that in ungulate animals after childbirth, the presence of specific antibodies in the blood serum is determined. In a newborn, blood is taken before colostrum is taken and the content of antibodies identical to those circulating in the mother's body is determined, and when they are detected, a violation of the placental barrier and, as a consequence, reduced viability of the offspring are established. The method differs in the complexity and complexity of the organization of its implementation.

The authors were faced with the task of identifying at an early age genetic markers of viability and productive longevity of cows in the monsoon climate, reducing labor intensity, duration and improving the accuracy of the forecast.

The problem is solved as follows. The types of ceruloplasmin and haptoglobin in blood serum are determined. Animals are tested at the age of 8-10 months or after the first calving. Depending on the type of ceruloplasmin and haptoglobin, the future viability and productive longevity of adults are judged. Animals with the type СрВВНр2-2 are classified as having increased viability and a long term of economic use, and with type CpAAHp1-1 are classified as having a reduced viability and short term of economic use. Animals of other types Cp and Hp occupy an intermediate position in terms of viability and duration of economic use.

Ceruloplasmin / Cp / protein of the α ₂ -globulin fraction carries out transport of copper in animals and humans. The second, no less important function of ceruloplasmin is the maintenance of copper homeostasis in the body of animals and humans. Ceruloplasmin is able to enhance the resistance of stem cells to various damaging factors. Possessing antioxidant properties, ceruloplasmin removes radiotoxins, preserves the hematopoietic system and has an effect on other functional protective systems. At the same time, ceruloplasmin acts as a universal “cleaner” of free radicals [3]. In cattle, three phrenotypes of ceruloplasmin were detected: AA; BB; AB, which are controlled by codominant alleles of CP ^A ; Wed ^In.

Haptoglobin / Нр / is an acidic glycoprotein of the globulin fraction of blood serum proteins, which has the ability to bind hemoglobin into a strong complex. This reaction, characteristic of haptoglobin, is a necessary step in the processes associated with the transport and catabolism of hemoglobin and heme, thereby contributing to the maintenance of iron in the body. Haptoglobin promotes the development of many follicles in mammals, inhibits the enzymes trypsin, cathepsin, forming complexes with them. It can be used as one of the clinical and biochemical indicators of inflammation syndrome, infectious diseases [4]. In medical genetics, special attention is paid to the relationship of the type of protein and the predisposition to any liver disease [5]. In cattle, three main variants of hemoglobin binding protein are most often detected - Hp1-1; Hp2-2; Hp2-1. Improving the methods of electrophoresis makes it possible to identify subtypes of the main types of haptoglobin. These studies have not yet gained practical value due to lack of information. The ability to clearly identify the types of Cp and Hp, their constancy throughout life, independence in ontogenesis from the physiological state of animals and environmental conditions, inheritance in strict accordance with the Mendelian distribution became the basis for their use as genetic markers.

The work was carried out in GOPH "Vostochny" of the Far Eastern Agricultural Research Institute. According to climatic zoning, the territory of the economy is included in the monsoon forest climatic region. The climate is one of the main dynamic complexes of geosystems and largely determines the living conditions of plants and animals. A characteristic feature of the monsoon climate is that in the rainiest month of the year there is almost 50 times more rain than in the driest month. Winter is cold, harsh, with little snow and the longest season, the duration of which ranges from 4.5 to 6 months. Spring is long, prolonged, with frequent frosts. In summer, humid tropical weather is often observed, a combination of high temperature and humidity up to 100%. [6]. The feed of the diet is characterized by a low content of copper, cobalt, zinc, iodine, selenium. In water, 5-10 times less calcium than in water with normal hardness. The nutritional characteristics of feed and specific climatic conditions led to the formation of a special type of metabolism in livestock. Black-motley cattle of the Far Eastern population has a reduced frequency of TfA, increased TfD and TfE, has a high potassium content in red blood cells, in contrast to black-and-white cattle of Siberia, the Leningrad Region, Ukraine, Altai, Estonia, etc. [7].

An example of the method. Blood was taken for analysis from 784 heifers. All animals were in the same conditions of feeding and keeping. Feeding was carried out according to the norms of VIZH. In the TINRO genetics laboratory, the methods of horizontal electrophoresis in starch gel determined the types Ср and Нр according to Smithis in the modification of D. V. Bogdanov and V. M. Obukhovsky [8]. Based on the data obtained, all animals were divided into groups depending on the type of Cp and Hp. Then these animals were monitored until their departure from the herd. The relationship between the phenotypes of proteins, viability and period of economic use is shown in the table.

Dependence between protein genotypes, viability and economic life of cows PHENOTYPE Indicators CPAA CPAA CPAA СрАВ СрАВ СрАВ SRVV SRVV SRVV Total Hp1-1 Hp2-1 Hp2-2 Hp1-1 Hp2-1 Hp2-2 Hp1-1 Hp2-1 Hp2-2 Total Tested animals 69 91 22 82 275 93 one 57 94 784 Of them having 6 departments and more goals% one
1.45 12
13.19 eleven
50,0 twenty
24.39 67
24.36 37
39.78 0
0 19
33.34 56
59.58 223
28.45

The proposed method allows you to quickly and accurately predict at an early age the viability and duration of the economic use of cows in a monsoon climate.

LITERATURE

1. Rodinov G., Kapelnitskaya E. Evaluation of adaptive abilities of cattle by antigenic factors of blood. // Dairy and beef cattle breeding, 2002, No. 3. - C.30-31.

2. RF patent No. 2050130, cl. A01K 67/02, G01N 33/53, 1995.

3. Mzhelskaya T.I. The biological functions of ceruloplasmin and their deficiency in the mutation of genes that regulate the exchange of copper and iron. // Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine. - 2000. - No. 8. - S.124-133.

4. Word C.T. Sahe N. Chandes in serum proteins (albumins, Immunoglobins and ocute phase proteins) in pulmonary tuber-culosis during therapy. // Tubercle. - 1990. Vol. 71 - No. 3 - p. 193-198.

5. Mitchell R.J., Caszino R., Janardhana B. Association betveen the two serum proteins haptoglobin and trausferrinand leukaemia. // Hum. Hered. - 1988. - Vol. 38. - Number 3. - p. 144-150.

6. Trostnirgov M.V. Wet and arid summer seasons in the Amur region and solar activity. // Questions of geography of the Far East. Climate and water. - Khabarovsk, 1967. - No. 8. - S.3-22.

7. Rubes S.V. Genetic polymorphism of ions and blood proteins of cattle in the monsoon climate of the Far East and its use in breeding. Diss .... cand.s.s. sciences. - Novosibirsk, 1983 .-- 124 s.

8. Bogdanov D.V., 0buhovsky V.M. Methods of electrophoretic separation of transferrins in starch gel. // General biology. - 1967. - C.76-81.

Claims (1)

A method for predicting the viability and productive longevity of cows in a monsoon climate, including a biochemical blood test, characterized in that in animals aged 8-10 months, the type of ceruloplasmin and haptoglobin in the blood serum is determined, and animals with type Cp BB No. 2-2 are referred to possessing increased viability and a long period of economic use, and with type AA AA Nr-1 are classified as having reduced viability and a short period of economic use, and animals of other types of Cp and HP are classified as intermediate in terms of viability and duration of economic use.