RU2307921C2 - Device for reservoir exposing and for gas-dynamic, vibro-wave and hydrochloride reservoir treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil production, particularly perforating-explosive operations in well.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises hollow carrier shaped-charge perforator with head, sealed side orifices, hollow charges and tip. Device also has two sealed air chambers with charges arranged inside them. The charges are shaped as cylinders provided with central channels. Ratio between cylindrical channel section to diameter thereof is (6...28):1. Charges are of knock-free type and made of gas-generation composition including the following components (% by weight): polydivinylisoprene rubber with end epoxy groups - 7-9; transformer oil - 5.6-6.5; titanium disilicide - 0.6-1.5; strontium carbonate - 0.1-0.5; combustion modifier - 0.2-0.3; aromatic amino acids - 0.03-0.11; aromatic amine - 0.01-0.06; curing agent - 0.01-0.1; remainder is sal ammonia.

EFFECT: improved stimulation of oil production.

2 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to techniques for perforating blasting in wells. It can be used for primary and secondary opening of the near-wellbore zone of the formation (PZP) in order to intensify oil production.

Analogues of a complex device containing cumulative charges (CI) and solid fuel elements (TE), allowing for simultaneous perforation and stimulation of oil and gas reservoirs are described in US patents [1, 2].

The device [1], which does not contain a housing, has a combination of powder charges and explosive cumulative charges collected on the frame. Short circuit and TE devices alternate with each other. In this case, the short circuit is connected by a detonating cord, and the fuel cell is connected by a quick-burning fire-conducting cord. SC and TE are triggered at different times.

The device has a sophisticated trigger system with two different initiation lines. Therefore, possible failures at start-up, for example, due to a break in the fire wire cord. Due to the lack of a common housing surrounding the short circuit and fuel cell, the efficiency of the device is not high enough, as part of the combustion products of the fuel is absorbed by the well fluid.

The device [2] includes a perforator and a gas generator simultaneously suspended on a geophysical cable. The hammer drill is located below. The device can be used with a packer. The disadvantages of this open-frame device are the same.

The apparatus containing the short circuit and fuel cells in the assembly is the Stim-Gun device - Stim-Tube [3]. It is a perforator with a cylindrical channel powder element located around its outer surface. Ignition of TE is produced from plasma cumulative jets created by SC.

The disadvantage of this device is the complexity of its design, primarily due to the fact that with a limited internal diameter of the casing, the perforator is located inside the fuel cell. When it is triggered, it is possible to destroy part of the fuel cell or the formation of its individual fragments from the effects of burning short-circuit plasma jets. Accordingly, there will be a loss of energy. The fuel vault is thin. Therefore, the fuel cell must be strong enough. This makes it difficult to manufacture. A known analog device for perforating wells and fracturing in the bottomhole formation zone, described in the patent of the Russian Federation [4]. The device comprises a cumulative rotary hammer with a short circuit connected to a cable-cable and a powder pressure generator with fuel cell. These elements are located between short circuit or near them. They do not cross the axis of the cumulative jets created by the short circuit, and are made of non-metallized ballistic or mixed solid rocket fuel. The length and diameter of the central channel of the fuel cell is related by the ratio (20 ... 40): 1, and the content of the filler-stabilizer of combustion is not more than 1.5% with respect to the mass of fuel.

The described device, in contrast to the previous one, allows to reduce the destruction of fuel cells from the effects of plasma jets that no longer cross the fuel arch. It also works in vibration mode due to the burning of fuel cells. This mode, in which periodic high-frequency pressure waves arise in the cavity of the FC channels, increases the efficiency of the device due to the created microwave vibrating effect on the PZP.

However, in the considered variants of the device, it is not specifically indicated how they can be used: with prisoners in the common housing of the short circuit and fuel cell or in an open-box apparatus. In the first case, it is obvious that the efficiency from using TE will be higher, although there may be energy losses from additional penetration of the cumulative jets of the punch body.

The analogue described in the patent of the Russian Federation [5] is also known. According to him, the method of perforation and treatment of the bottom-hole zone of the well, as well as a device for its implementation, include perforation of the well with a cumulative cumulative perforator (CCP) and implosion exposure immediately at the time of its completion to clean the formed perforation channels from the baking crust using an implosion chamber, the internal cavity of which connected to the internal cavity of the punch. After that, the thermogas generator is connected, connected to the control panel by a connecting unit, in which there is a grill with plugged holes. The products of combustion of the thermogas generator enter the perforator body and then through the openings in its body through the pre-formed perforation channels they act directly on the channels in the PPP.

The device is quite complex, consisting of three separate parts - cameras with TE, KZ, and also an implosion camera. The operation of the CCP, creating a high pressure from the short circuit, can affect the connecting node between the thermogas generator and the perforator, disrupting its operation and leading to the subsequent off-design combustion mode of the fuel cell. It is not clear why the implosion chamber should be filled with borehole fluid after a fault is triggered. Indeed, the subsequent combustion of the fuel cell due to excessive pressure inside the pumping chamber back (from the perforator) displaces this fluid. The implosion chamber is the bottom element of the device, the fuel cell must be in it, and it should function after its combustion. In addition, the TE of the device does not burn in the vibration mode, which determines the presence of pressure pulses generated in the rocks of an additional effect on the bottomhole zone.

One of the analogues of the claimed device is also a complex apparatus MKAV-150/100, consisting of a section of a powder generator and a section of a cumulative perforator. It is described in [6]. The generator charges are attached to the profile frame with a flexible cable. The section of the cumulative punch is a device consisting of a segmented or profile frame, in the threaded holes of which cumulative charges are fixed.

The operation of a short circuit and a fuel cell located above and below occurs when a detonating cord is passed through the channels of the fuel cell from an explosive cartridge. When triggered, the detonating cord can destroy fuel cells into separate fragments. This circumstance, as well as the lack of a common housing for short-circuit and fuel cells separating them from the well fluid, which absorbs the energy released during fuel combustion, does not allow achieving a sufficiently high efficiency of the apparatus.

The paper [6] also describes the device PGD.PKT-150/100, including short circuit and fuel cells, lowered into the well by pipes. In this PSC, these elements are no longer in the well fluid. The disadvantages of the device are as follows. Perforation through pipes reduces the efficiency of the apparatus due to short size constraints. In addition, the design of the powder gas generator, consisting of intermediate fuel cells and combusting fuel cells, with a complex system for their initiation, is quite complicated. A common drawback of MKAV-150/100 and PGD.PKT-150/100 devices is that the FCs used in them do not burn in vibration mode and do not, therefore, have a microwave effect on perforation channels and rocks surrounding them.

A device for opening and gas-dynamic processing of the borehole zone of the formation is also described, described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2194151 [7]. It includes CCP with a head, with sealed side openings, cumulative charges, a tip and two sealed air chambers with atmospheric pressure at the ends of the perforator. Powder charges were placed in the chambers, and protective bombs made of a non-detonating mixed fuel of elastic type were placed between them and the short circuit.

The disadvantages of the device are as follows. There is an extra element - protective checkers from non-detonating mixed fuel of an elastic type. They are not an obstacle for the detonation front to pass through them. Powder charges located in air chambers also do not allow the device to be used at temperatures above + 100 ° C. The powder charge does not burn in the vibration mode, which is accompanied by the appearance of acoustic waves in the channels of the FC inside the original air cavity of the CCP. The formation of the elastic waves caused by them in liquid and solid media should enhance the overall effect on the walls of perforation channels and PZP formed by cumulative plasma jets. The device’s fuel also prevents the release of hydrochloric acid. Processing PZP with its help, supplementing the vibrating microwave effect, as shown in the patent of the Russian Federation [8], increases the oil flow rate.

The objective of the present invention is to simplify the design of the existing CCP, which additionally contains air chambers with solid fuel, by eliminating the extra element - a protective checker from mixed fuel, the use of non-detonating fuel cells, increasing the temperature range of the device and its effectiveness due to the additional vibrating effect on the casing and layer of fuel combustion products containing hydrochloric acid, moving behind a cumulative stream through the perforation she created e channels.

The problem is solved as follows. A device for opening and gasdynamic treatment of the formation is proposed, including a case-shaped cumulative perforator with a head, with sealed side openings, cumulative charges, a tip and two sealed air chambers with charges placed in them. The charges are in the form of a cylinder with a central channel, and the ratio of the length of the cylindrical part of the channel to its diameter is (6 ... 28): 1. In addition, non-detonating charges are made of a heat-resistant gas-generating composition containing the following components, wt.%: Polydivinyl isoprene rubber with terminal epoxy groups - 7 ... 9; transformer oil - 5.60 ... 6.50; titanium disilicide - 0.60 ... 1.50; strontium carbonate - 0.10 ... 0.50; combustion modifier - 0.20 ... 0.30; aromatic amino acid - 0.03 ... 0.11; aromatic amine - 0.01 ... 0.06; curing catalyst - 0.01 ... 0.1; ammonium chloride - the rest. The punch body can have sophisticated locations along the path of the cumulative jets created by the short circuit.

The non-detonating properties of the charges used are due to their composition, dimensions and manufacturing technology. The microwave processing of the space around the CCP with such charges will occur only with the above ratio of the length of the cylindrical part of the channel to its diameter. The hydrochloric acid treatment, which supplements and enhances the overall effect, is provided by this prescription fuel selection.

The device of the invention with sealed side holes (option with two FC) is shown in figure 1. A perforator head 2 is mounted on the cable head 1 connected to the geophysical cable, an upper airtight chamber 4 is placed between the perforator 3 body and head 2, and the same lower airtight chamber 6 is placed between the tip 5 and the body 3. side holes 7, inside the housing - cumulative charges 8, detonating cord 9 and explosive cartridge 10 with a suitable electric wire 11. Air chambers contain non-detonating cylindrical channels charges 12 which are made of gas-generating composition TG-1, according to the patent of the Russian Federation №2233975 [8]. The composition is intended for high-strength downhole elements.

Figure 2 shows a device in which the housing has a refined place 7 (instead of sealed holes) along the path of the cumulative jets.

The device (figure 1) after lowering it into the well works as follows. An electric current pulse is fed through the cable to an explosive cartridge 10, from which a detonating cord 9 is triggered, transmitting a detonation pulse to initiate cumulative charges 8. When each short circuit is triggered, a plasma cumulative jet is formed, which passes through the side holes 7, which arose due to the failure of the plugs KKP sealing. Further, the jet pierces the casing and forms a perforation channel in the rock. At the same time, the same pulse created by the explosive cartridge 10, as well as amplified at the moment the detonating cord 9 and the cumulative charges 8 are triggered, leads to ignition and subsequent burning of the charges 12, which occurs with a certain time delay after the passage of the cumulative jet. Combustion is accompanied by the appearance of high-temperature hydrochloric acid (up to 20% of the fuel mass), which is the result of the interaction of hydrogen chloride and water released in the gaseous products of fuel combustion. At a certain time, a vibrational mode of combustion of the fuel cell also occurs, accompanied by high-frequency (of the order of several kilohertz) intense pressure waves. High-temperature products of combustion saturated with hydrochloric acid begin to flow out through the lateral openings of CCP created by cumulative jets into perforation channels and further into the reservoir. From vibrational combustion of fuel cells, this outflow occurs in an unsteady mode, accompanied by periodic gas pulsations.

The device (figure 2) works in the same way. Only instead of the breakdown of the plugs 7 shown in (Fig. 1), there is a burning of the refined spots 7 on the housing 3. In this case, metal fragments from it are not formed. In the prototype, such fragments remain.

As a result of the operation of the devices shown in figures 1 and 2, the pulsating effects of heat and mass arrival on the walls of the channels and on the borehole zone of the formation are carried out with simultaneous exposure to high-temperature hydrochloric acid vapor. All this in aggregate enhances the destruction both on the walls and in the volume of the reservoir, and also leads to other processes that are favorable from the point of view of increasing oil production in the well fluid. As a result, the efficiency of processing the reservoir, compared with the perforation carried out by the prototype, i.e. with fuel cells not burning in the vibration mode, with the release of hydrochloric acid, it will increase. In addition, the temperature range of application of the device will increase.

After lifting the device from the well, it can be reused. Sealing is carried out by installing on the case of new knock-out plugs or thinned places designed for burning by cumulative jets.

Information sources:

1. US patent No. 5355802. MKI 42V 3/300. Method and device for perforating wells and creating fractures in the reservoir. Prior. 10/18/94.

2. US Patent No. 5551344. MKI 42V 3/300. Method and device for perforating wells and creating fractures in the reservoir. Prior 03.09.96.

3. Feldman I.I. Stim-Gun assembly and Owen Oil Tools Stim-Tube. Scientific and Technical Bulletin "Logger", No. 67. Ed. AIS. Tver. 2000.

4. RF patent No. 2170339. MKI 7 E B 3/117. Device for perforation of wells and fracturing in the reservoir (options). Kuzmitsky G.E., Alikin V.N., Ilyasov S.E. and other Prior. 07/27/1999. Publ. 07/10/2001. Bull. No. 19.

5. RF patent №2162514. MKI 7 Е21В 43/117, 43/18, 43/25, 43/26. The method of perforation and processing of the bottomhole zone of the well and a device for its implementation. Paderin M.G., Kulak V.V., Iskhakov I.A. and other Prior. 03/30/2000. Publ. 01/27/2001. Bull. Number 3.

6. Kroshchenko V.D., Likutov A.R., Romanenko B.C. et al. Creation of complex apparatuses for simultaneous opening of strata and intensification of tributaries. Scientific and Technical Bulletin "Logger", No. 78. Ed. AIS. Tver, 2002.S. 51 ... 58.

7. RF patent No. 2194151. MKI 6 Е21В 43/263. Device for opening and gas-dynamic treatment of the reservoir. Duvanov A.M., Gaivoronsky I.N., Vorobyev L.S. and other Prior. 11/28/2000. Publ. 12/10/2002.

8. RF patent No. 2233975. MKI E21B 43/248. Heat-resistant gas-generating composition for high-strength well elements. Kutsenko G.V., Pelykh N.M., Kusakin Yu.N. and other Prior. 11/04/2002. Publ. 08/10/2004. Bull. Number 22.

Claims (1)

A device for opening, gas-dynamic, vibrating microwave and hydrochloric acid treatment of the formation, comprising a case shaped-charge punch with a head, with sealed side holes, cumulative charges, a tip, and two sealed air chambers with charges placed in them, which have the form of a cylinder with a central channel, and the ratio the length of the cylindrical part of the channel to its diameter is (6 ... 28): 1, in addition, the charges are non-detonating, made of a heat-resistant gas-generating composition containing eduyuschie components, wt%: polidivinilizoprenovy rubber with terminal epoxy groups 7 - 9;. transformer oil 5.60 - 6.50; titanium disilicide 0.60-1.50; strontium carbonate 0.10 - 0.50; combustion modifier 0.20 - 0.30; aromatic amino acid 0.03 - 0.11; aromatic amine 0.01 - 0.06; curing catalyst 0.01 to 0.1; ammonium chloride - the rest.

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