RU2307057C2 - Device for warming and draining products in cold and viscous state from tanks - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to transportation and discharge of products in cold and viscous state, for instance, oil and oil products, and it can be used for accelerated emptying of railway tanks and other shipment containers. Inductive device for warming and draining products in cold and viscous state from tank contains semiconductor frequency converter 1, and inductor 2 made in form of hollow non-closed cylinder placed on drain device 3. Moreover, device is furnished with other inductors whose form follows form of tank walls in lower and middle parts.

EFFECT: intensification of product drain process, reduced consumption of power owing to automation of selection of operation modes depending on ambient temperature and temperature of product in tank.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the transportation and unloading of products in a cold and viscous state, for example, oil and oil products, and can be used for accelerated emptying of railway tanks and other transport tanks.

A known method of draining a viscous product in a cold state from a boiler of a railway tank and a device for induction low-temperature heating of the walls of a boiler of a railway tank (RF patent 2014280, class B67D 5/00, 1994).

The main disadvantages of this method include the low efficiency of the induction system operating at an industrial frequency, the bulkiness of the structure, the large weight and the complexity when installing the inductors on the tank. Other disadvantages include the inertia of the heating process, the low temperature gradient of the heating of the walls of the tank and, accordingly, of the product, the large values of the current in the inductor, characteristic for heating at an industrial frequency.

A device for induction low-temperature heating of the walls of the boiler of a railway tank when draining a viscous product in the cold state (RF patent 2126767, CL B65G 69/20, 1999). The device contains a spatial frame with an inductor installed in it, consisting of a winding and a magnetic circuit, distributed in the form of packages of U-shaped ferromagnetic elements spanning the winding, the U-shaped packages of the magnetic circuit being installed with the possibility of free reciprocating movement from the frame to the working surface of the device.

The disadvantages of this device include the low efficiency of the induction system operating at an industrial frequency, the complexity and cumbersome design due to the need to use a manipulator to install the inductor on the tank wall, due to the significant weight characteristic of heating at an industrial frequency. A significant increase in the weight of the inductor is due to the use of the magnetic circuit. The use of the magnetic circuit causes an increase in heat loss in the induction system and requires additional energy costs necessary for attracting and holding the magnetic circuit near the wall of the tank, and also eliminates the possibility of heating inaccessible nodes, such as a drain device of a railway tank.

The aim of the invention is the creation of an induction heating system, devoid of these disadvantages, having minimal heat loss, reliable and safe to use, as well as expanding technological capabilities by non-contact heating of products in a cold and viscous state.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the device for heating and draining from the product container in a cold and viscous state, the walls of the container are heated by an alternating electromagnetic field of increased frequency, which forms an inductor powered by a high frequency current source in the range of 1000-2500 Hz. In this case, heating is carried out both on the side walls of the tank and on a product discharge device, for example, a rail tank drain device, since switching to a higher frequency of the electromagnetic field can significantly reduce the overall dimensions of the inductors and provide heating in hard-to-reach places. This allows you to significantly speed up the drain process due to intensive heating and elimination of the formation of a “dead plug” in the device for draining the product. In a device for heating and draining from a container of products in a cold and viscous state, mainly oil products, a semiconductor frequency converter with a conversion frequency of 1000-2500 Hz is used as a power source for the inductors. One inductor is made in the form of a hollow, open cylinder mounted on a drain device, the inductor windings are arranged in several rows and placed in an electrically insulating material. Other inductors have a shape that repeats the shape of the walls of the tank, allowing you to install them in the lower and middle parts of the tank. The windings of these inductors are stacked in one row and placed in an electrically insulating material. The power of the inductors is regulated within 5-100% of the rated power of the power source of the inductors.

This embodiment, in which the walls of the tank are heated by an alternating electromagnetic field, which is formed by inductors powered by a high-frequency current source in the range of 1000-2500 Hz, can significantly reduce the mass of inductors, simplify the design and significantly reduce the complexity of installing and removing inductors. In addition, the use of a higher frequency, relative to the industrial frequency, can significantly reduce the current load on the inductor, increase reliability and increase the durability of the heating system. At the same time, the overall dimensions of the power source are reduced, and the possibility of complete automation of the product discharge technological process is also provided. Provides smooth adjustment characteristics and protection against overheating, which allows you to automatically select the required power at which the device operates, taking into account the correction for the initial temperature of the product and the ambient temperature.

These advantages enable industrial use for the proposed device, including at fire and explosion hazard facilities, which include most of the loading racks, oil product storage facilities, thermal power plants, etc.

The drawing shows a cross section of an induction device.

The induction device for heating and draining from the product container in a cold and viscous state contains a semiconductor frequency converter 1, an inductor 2, made in the form of a hollow, open cylinder, placed on a drain device 3. The inductor 2 contains windings arranged in several rows. Inductors 4 have a shape that repeats the shape of the walls of the tank 5, the windings of the inductors 4 are stacked in a row and placed in an electrically insulating material.

The device operates as follows. Inductor 2 is applied to the drain device 3. Inductors 4 are mounted on the wall of the vessel 5. From the power supply 1, voltage is applied to the windings of the inductors 2 and 4. Under the influence of eddy currents, the walls of the vessel 1 are heated and transfer heat throughout the heating surface to the product inside the vessel . As a result of heat exposure, the product in the tank is heated to the temperature necessary to drain it. A similar process occurs in the drain device 3, the product is heated in it, excluding the formation of cork, and does not interfere with the discharge of the product from the tank 5.

Testing the device based on this method passed the test at Salavatnefteorgsintez OJSC and showed great efficiency.

This device can be used to heat containers, including various types of tanks, the device allows you to intensify the process of draining the product, reduce energy consumption during operation, by automating the choice of operating modes, depending on the ambient temperature and the temperature of the product in the tank.

Claims (1)

A device for heating and draining from a container of products in a cold and viscous state, mainly oil products, containing inductors, characterized in that a semiconductor frequency converter with a conversion frequency of 1000-2500 Hz is used as a power source for the inductors, one of the inductors is made in the form of a hollow open cylinder installed on the drain device, and the windings of this inductor are stacked in several rows and placed in an insulating material, other inductors have a shape that repeats mu vessel walls, allowing to set them in the lower and middle parts of the container, the windings of the inductors arranged in one row and housed in an electrically insulating material, wherein the inductor power is adjusted in the range of 5-100% of the rated power of the power supply inductors.