RU2306880C2 - Device for guiding drill at blockage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: traumatic surgery; orthopedics.

SUBSTANCE: device can be used for blocking intramedullar pin in distal department. Device for guiding drill at blockage of intramedullar pin has guiding contrivance provided with motionless handle. Guiding contrivance is made transparent to X-ray radiation and it has point and area for hammer's strike. Handle is made for keeping distance of surgeon's arm from area of direct influence of X-rays. Point has deepening of 2 cm depth for fixing drill. Diameter of deepening corresponds to diameter of fixed drill.

EFFECT: improved safety; higher reliability of operation.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to traumatology and orthopedics, and can be used to block the intramedullary shaft in the distal region.

A known method of blocking an intramedullary rod using a distal guide device (proximal-distal sight with a slider / cat. No. 40.3606 ChM, Poland). This method has the following significant drawback: during insertion into the medullary canal, deformation of the intramedullary nail due to bending and torsion makes it impossible to determine the exact location of the locking bolts in the distal part of the nail.

Another method of distal blocking - a module from interconnected rods of two rings of the Ilizarov apparatus with a guide sleeve also has drawbacks, except for those described for the first method, this - insufficiently stable fixation of the apparatus can lead to displacement of the drill from the intended position.

Closest to the proposed is a method using an x-ray drill. The disadvantages of using this device are the cost of the X-ray transparent nozzle for the drill, and its maintenance does not allow to hope for its appearance in the near future in most clinics.

The X-ray transparent nozzle for a drill is made for use with a drill of the same manufacturer.

The technical result of the invention is a device for guiding the drill when blocking the intramedullary shaft, consisting of an X-ray guide device with a handle that is fixedly attached to the guide device. The device for guiding the drill during blocking ensures effective blocking of the intramedullary shaft, simplifies the blocking procedure, allows you to precisely position the drill over the blocking hole, eliminates the drift of the drill, allows you to adjust the position of the drill, reduces the dose of x-ray radiation absorbed by the patient and the surgeon (using the device eliminates the work of x-ray electronically real-time optical converter), which significantly reduces long-term out operations.

The result of the invention is achieved in that the device for guiding the drill is made of X-ray negative material, on the tip of which there is a recess for fixing the drill (2.0 cm and corresponding ⌀ of the fixed drill), and the handle of the guiding device allows you to distance the surgeon's hands from the area directly affected by x-rays. The product can be made of various polymeric materials, polymerization and polycondensation plastics. Most suitable for this purpose are plastics with high strength, especially for impact loads.

A general view of the device is shown in figure 1 (device in a direct projection), where the number 1 denotes the recess for fixing the drill (2.0 cm and the corresponding ⌀ fixing drill), the number 2 is the platform for hammering, and the number 3 is the handle of the guide device , and figure 2 (view of the device in a lateral projection), where the number 1 denotes the recess for fixing the drill (2.0 cm and the corresponding циф fixing drill), number 2 - the handle of the guide device.

The proposed device operates as follows: first, a C-shaped arc of the electron-optical converter (EOC) is placed so that the transverse distal holes for blocking are visible on the monitor. Move the image intensifier tube until the hole for blocking is an exact circle. The point for insertion is determined using a scalpel tip, the incision should be located exactly above the marked hole for blocking. A drill is inserted through a skin incision to the bone in the projection of the blocking hole. They press the tip of the drill to the surface of the bone, attach a device to it to perform distal blocking and attach the device to a position perpendicular to the axis of the bone. When the shadow of the drill in the blocking hole turns into a point on the image intensifier tube screen, the device is set correctly to allow both cortical layers to pass through the nail blocking hole. With a hammer blow, a drill is driven into a bone. Using the image intensifier check the direction of the drill. The guiding device is removed, a drill is attached to the drill and a hole is drilled into the bone through both cortical layers, passing through the hole to block the nail.

The proposed device allows you to block the intramedullary rod both in the proximal and in the distal, both in the frontal and sagittal planes.

Claims (1)

A device for guiding the drill when blocking the intramedullary shaft, containing a guiding device with a fixed handle, characterized in that the guiding device is made transparent and has a tip and a platform for hammering, while the handle is made to distance the surgeon's hand from the area directly affected by x-rays, and the point has a recess for fixing the drill, equal to 2 cm, and the diameter of the recess corresponds to the diameter of the fixed drill.

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