RU2306852C1 - Method for rehabilitation of human emotional-effective disorders - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine, psychiatry.

SUBSTANCE: one should carry out electroencephalographic (EEG) testing to conduct amplitude and frequency analysis of EEG and detect space and time characteristics of cerebral activity. The first type of disorders should be established if average amplitude of alpha and/or beta rhythm in frontal leads of right hemisphere is below than in frontal leads of left hemisphere by above 40-50%. The second type of EEG disorders is established in cases if average amplitude of alpha and/or beta rhythm in frontal leads of right hemisphere is below than in frontal leads of left hemisphere by above 40-50% and additionally average amplitude of alpha and/or beta rhythm in left occipital leads is decreased against right hemisphere by above 40-50%. Patients with the first type of EEG disorders should be affected with binaural sound waves at frequencies being correspondent to average frequencies of alpha and/or beta rhythm in right frontal leads. Patients with the second type of EEG disorders should be affected with the set of frequencies that corresponds to alpha and/or beta rhythm of right frontal lead and frequency that corresponds to alpha and/or beta rhythm of left occipital lead. At detecting delta and/or theta activity in EEG being above 50-60 mcV, the set of frequencies of binaural impact should be supplemented with the frequency that is distinct from the frequency of delta and/or theta activity by 1-2 Hz, not less. The time for impact during one seance corresponds to about 30-40 min, the quantity of seances ranges 5-20, and more. The innovation widens the quantity of means for rehabilitation of human emotional-effective disorders.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of rehabilitation.

1 cl, 3 ex, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to medicine and can be used in psychotherapy for the rehabilitation of patients with a syndrome of dependence on psychoactive substances and with emotional and affective disorders, in particular for relieving depressive states, anxiety, computer and game addiction, and age-related deviations of mental development.

It is known that various forms of a person’s physical and mental dependence: drugs, alcohol, smoking, computer games, etc. significantly change the patient’s personality, they affect social relations, destroying them. Therefore, the problem of rehabilitation of such patients is relevant.

A known method of rehabilitation of patients with a syndrome of dependence on psychoactive substances and emotionally-affective disorders, including the exercise and individual and group psychotherapy, the development of new behavioral patterns, diet (see RU 2134594 C1,20.08.99). This method is based on hypnosis, not all patients respond to it, and it is ineffective in the long term.

Also known is a method of antidepressant effects on the emotional and affective sphere of a person and a method of rehabilitation of patients with a syndrome of dependence on psychoactive substances and patients with emotional and affective disorders (see RU 2203015), based on the development of complexes of therapeutic measures aimed at refusing the patient from psychological attraction and restoration of the normal satisfaction system inherent in a healthy person. This method includes performing a set of physical exercises, the complex includes dynamic and static physical exercises, with each dynamic exercise based on rhythmic repetitive movements that are performed synchronously with breathing, each static exercise is based on holding a pose, and each dynamic and static exercise is performed to overcome uncomfortable sensations. Dynamic exercises are performed with a load on the muscles, on the joint-ligamentous apparatus, on the musculoskeletal system, simultaneously on the muscle and joint-ligamentous apparatus, and also perform exercises to make grimaces and shaking, while the dynamic exercises are performed in a sitting, lying position, standing up. In addition, after each exercise or group of exercises, a short relaxation is performed, and at the end of the complex of exercises, a deep long relaxation is performed.

All these measures carry great physical exertion, which in many cases is contraindicated in patients who have suffered a shock and have cardiovascular diseases characterized by hypertensive crises.

The closest is the patent US 5356368; State / Country: VA; commercial name: Hemi-Sync; inventor: Robert A. Monroe; "Method of Inducing Desired States of Consciousness" ("Method of inducing desired states of consciousness"). Method R.A. Monroe is based on physiotherapeutic influences that change the state of consciousness, in particular from a normal state to a drowsy state, or to a state of increased attention. This contributes to an increase in the stimulation of the brain activity of the patient, which negatively affects his emotional state. Which, in turn, contributes to a longer period of treatment of such patients.

The difference of this invention from the claimed one lies in the fact that the methodology of the latter is aimed at the inverse problem, which is to bring brain activity to the normal type (vigor, relaxation and calmness), which significantly accelerates the rehabilitation period of patients.

There is a method of influencing the patient with electric stimuli, which are modulated in accordance with the rhythms of the natural biocurrents of the brain, previously recorded in an EEG study. Moreover, depending on the state that needs to be obtained, the state of sleep, alertness or calm, the effect is carried out in the frequency range of the EEG, which correspond to the indicated states (see RU 2168935 from 06.20.2001). In this case, pre-recorded biocurrents from parts of the human brain in the forehead and the back of the head in the form of a continuous sequence of electrical pulses are subjected to frequency analysis and filtering. Areas containing noises and artifacts are removed from this sequence and replaced with those containing no artifacts, they create another continuous sequence of pulses from them, through which they produce an effect.

The reticular formation is irritated by electric current smoothly and / or stepwise, changing the voltage in the range of 2-240 V, and / or the current strength in the range of 2-70 mA, and / or the current frequency in the range of 0.5-1700 Hz.

When applying this technique, if a patient during an EEG study detects spatio-temporal disturbances in the electrical activity of the brain, they are also recorded and the resulting “sequence of electrical impulses” may contain, for example, slow-wave pathological activity, which, like “artifacts”, reasonably proposed for removal, it can “be an inadequate irritant for the central nervous system, which reduces the therapeutic and prophylactic effects” (description of RU 2168935 from 06.20.2001).

In our solution, the effect is produced by sound waves not of the entire EEG frequency range, but selectively, only by frequencies that enhance alpha and beta activity and suppress slow-wave rhythm and which correspond to natural rhythms in certain areas of the cerebral cortex. Therefore, the authors of the method, in our opinion, also have the opportunity to improve their correction method by adding filtering of pathological EEG activity and even find technological solutions for the frequency shift.

There is also a known method of exposure to electromagnetic radiation under the control of an electroencephalogram (observation of changes in alpha and beta and delta waves) carried out in the wavelength range of 3.8-5.7 mm, which subjectively manifests itself in achieving a state of calm and relaxation (see SU 1233874 dated 05/30/1986). With this method, before treatment "... determine the individual susceptibility of the body to electromagnetic waves of extremely high frequency according to the electroencephalogram and then treatment is carried out at this frequency."

Thus, the acting frequencies of the radio emission are not related to the range of EEG activity, and since "... they carry out radio exposure with increasing frequency" for up to 120 s, the question arises whether the occurrence of a relaxation or sleep state is associated with a strictly fixed frequency electromagnetic waves or is it determined by natural processes, when the patient closes his eyes and for a certain time be in a comfortable chair (more than 2 minutes)? In the description of the method, there is no mention of checks of an individual frequency by radio exposure with decreasing frequency signals to clarify the frequency of exposure. Currently, in our laboratory, studies are underway to develop a method for using binaural beats as test samples during EEG diagnostics both in increasing frequency (for example, 8-13 Hz or 9.0; 9.1; 9.2; ... 10.0 Hz), so and in decreasing order.

A method for improving efficiency by exposure to a low-frequency electric field in the alpha rhythm range is proposed by choosing a stimulation frequency according to the spectral density mode (see SU 1683779 of 10.15.1991). This technique is designed for healthy employees of the enterprise and is effective in reducing their fatigue. However, it is often found in sick people that the average frequencies of brain biorhythms, calculated by spectral power, differ in different areas of the cerebral cortex, especially the left and right hemispheres or the front or rear lobes. This is clearly seen in our examples (1-3).

Calculation according to the spectral technique in patient B. showed that the frequency of the alpha rhythm in the frontal leads on the left is 9.3 Hz, in the occipital leads on the left 9.8 Hz. In patient F., the frequency in the frontal leads on the left is 8.5 (10.3 Hz on the right) and 10 Hz on the left and 10.5 Hz on the left. Therefore, the choice of the spectral density mode for patients suffering from depression may be inaccurate, and the correction efficiency is reduced.

As a result, we note that all of these methods are based on electrical stimulation, which has numerous contraindications (epilepsy, brain tumors, etc.), and do not take into account the spatio-temporal characteristics of the electrical activity of the brain.

At the same time, the choice of the frequency of exposure based on the study of the individual distribution of EEG activity and frequency characteristics over the zones of the cerebral cortex is, as indicated above, a hallmark in the proposed method of rehabilitation from all the proposed methods.

Recently, a number of methodological techniques have been proposed for diagnosing a person’s functional state, which can be used to reliably objectively judge the state of an organism and its changes [3]. EEG diagnostics of a functional state includes an assessment of the individual rhythmic components of the EEG, as well as indicators of their spatio-temporal relationships. For example, it was found that the level of coherence for two leads in the same hemisphere, while the functional state remains unchanged, remains unchanged for several months. According to early studies [12], the occurrence of emotional stress in a stressful situation is accompanied by negative dynamics in the spatio-temporal parameters of the electroencephalogram, and with a decrease in anxiety, the synchronism of alpha activity in the anteroposterior regions of the right hemisphere increases.

V.D. Nebylitsyn [4] believed that the frontal lobes are a neurophysiological substrate of the “fronto-reticular” and “fronto-limbic” complexes of the brain, and the left and right frontal lobes are in reciprocal relationships and determine two basic personality parameters - “general activity” "and" emotionality. " These ideas are consistent with the studies of a number of authors (in particular, N.N. Danilova, [2]), which confirmed the presence of a reticular and septo-hippocampal brain activation system, which made it possible to propose a two-factor model of regulation of functional states. The first system regulates functional states during wakefulness, increasing the activation of this system corresponds to an increase in the efficiency of completing tasks and is referred to as "productive activation". The second system "is associated with the development of emotional states, feelings of anxiety, stress." Its high levels of activation are unfavorable for completing tasks, and it is referred to as "unproductive activation".

It was also proved [10, 13] that, in contrast to the symmetric picture of intracortical connections, normal, with a decrease in human ergism and mood, activation of the right frontal region of the cortex and relative decrease in the functioning of the left are noted. These data are theoretically explained by the main provisions of the information theory of emotions P.V. Simonov [8]. Similar differences were found in the spectral power of beta and alpha rhythms, interrelations in the alpha range in patients with endogenous and reactive depression [14, 16]. In depressive states, the spectral power of almost all rhythms significantly decreases, with the exception of theta and delta rhythms, the amplification of which is observed with emotional stress [7].

According to modern typology, it is customary to distinguish between two types of pathology of emotional disorders: the first with the predominance of active symptoms - increased emotional tension, irritability and anxiety; the second with negative ones - emotional burnout, severe depression, social isolation, lethargy. In the first type of pathology (in extreme cases, it corresponds to reactive depression), there is a focus on brain activation in the frontal lobe of the right hemisphere, which is recorded by a decrease in the average power of alpha or beta rhythms. The second type of pathology (endogenous depression) is also characterized by activation on the right side of the brain, additionally complicated by the asymmetry of the posterior cortex. The second activation focus is recorded by a decrease in the average power of the alpha or beta rhythm in the occipital lobe of the left hemisphere compared with the right side [6].

Changes in the bioelectric activity of the brain are noted as an indispensable quality with a number of dependencies [1]. In particular, it has been shown that addicted patients exhibit increased beta and decreased alpha activity and a recent widely used BOS training has been proposed, aimed mainly at increasing and decreasing alpha and beta rhythms, decreasing theta rhythm and slow activity brain, a change in the ratio of rhythm indices [5].

Thus, based on the foregoing, it becomes possible to choose the frequency of sound rhythms taking into account the features of the spatial-frequency characteristics of the EEG.

The purpose of the invention

The purpose of this invention is a method that allows for effective rehabilitation to reduce depressive states, anxiety, computer and game addiction, and age-related deviations of mental development. Moreover, the method allows to improve not only the clinical status and psychophysiological parameters of clients, but also ensures the achievement of a pronounced positive mental state of health. The application of the method allows to reduce the level of anxiety indicators (according to the Spilberger-Hanin, Taylor tests), to increase subjective (well-being, activity, mood according to the SAN test) and objective self-assessments (adaptability according to the Frolov test, productivity, information processing speed, accuracy according to the Landolt proofreading test) .

Way to achieve

This goal is achieved due to the fact that they use the selection of the frequency of sound waves according to the typology of negative changes in the EEG and individual spatial and frequency characteristics of the brain, to identify which preliminary EEG diagnostics are carried out, the results of which conduct amplitude, spectral analyzes and mapping of the spectral power of EEG rhythms, after which changes in the spatio-temporal characteristics of the electrical activity of the human brain are determined that determine the type of pathological changes, the first type of EEG disturbances is established if the average amplitude of alpha or beta rhythms in the frontal leads of the right hemisphere is lower than in the frontal leads of the left hemisphere with a difference of more than 40-50%, and the second type of EEG disturbances is detected if, in addition to detecting the first type, the average amplitude is further reduced alpha or beta rhythms in the left occipital leads in comparison with the right ones with a difference of more than 40-50%; to detect pathological brain activity, the presence of theta or delta waves with an amplitude of more than 50-60 μV is determined; in the first type of EEG changes, correction is performed using binaural rhythms with frequencies corresponding to the average frequencies of alpha or beta rhythms in the right frontal leads; with the second type, the power of alpha or beta rhythms is increased both in the right frontal leads and in the left occipital leads using binaural waves with frequencies corresponding to the calculated average frequencies in the same leads; the exposure time for the patient is determined depending on the patient’s condition and reaction to the exposure - from 30 to 40 minutes, and the number of sessions is determined by the change in the patient’s objective state and the degree of complexity of psychoemotional pathology disorders from 5 to 20 or more.

To select the frequency of sound waves of rhythms according to individual spatial and frequency characteristics of the brain, preliminary EEG diagnostics are carried out, according to the results of which areas of increased amplitude or power of theta and delta rhythms are determined, and frequencies of sound waves that differ in frequency by at least 1- are selected 2 Hz from the average frequency in leads with increased theta or delta activity to attenuate this pathological slow-wave activity.

The essence of the method

Pathological brain activity is understood to mean slow-wave activity above the norm of the delta and theta range, which is associated with the deep structures of the brain, compared with the positive activity of the alpha and beta range, mainly related to the cortical zone of the brain. Therefore, it is advisable to use sound frequencies that differ from the average frequency characteristics of the same range (delta and theta).

The inventive method is based on binaural beats, which were discovered in 1839 by the German experimenter G.V.Dav. The ability of people to “hear” binaural beats arose as a result of evolutionary adaptation. When signals of two different frequencies arrive in the right and left ears, the brain calculates the phase difference between these signals. In natural conditions for animals and humans, this gives information about the direction of sound. In this case, when the sound comes from the stereo headphones, the human brain superimposes two signals, which results in a third, "difference", frequency, heard as a binaural rhythm. It is perceived as beating at a frequency equal to the difference in frequencies heard by the right and left ear. Binaural beats are clearly audible at low frequencies (less than 30 Hz), which corresponds to the EEG spectrum (G. Oster, 1973).

During a preliminary electroencephalographic study, negative EEG changes are determined by recording areas with low alpha or beta activity and areas with increased slow-wave activity (delta and theta rhythms). For rehabilitation, binaural rhythms are proposed that correspond to individual spatio-temporal characteristics of the brain’s electrical activity, that is, correction frequencies are selected from the calculated average frequencies of electrical activity in the corresponding zones of the cerebral cortex. To normalize brain activity, it is necessary to increase the activity of the alpha or beta range, while the frequency of exposure should be equal to the average in areas with low alpha or beta activity, and if the task is to reduce the slow-wave activity, the frequency of exposure should differ from the average in areas with high delta or theta activity.

The need for the latter is confirmed in the research of the staff of the psychological and diagnostic laboratory of the Sterlitamak State Pedagogical Academy, the results are shown in the application description, examples and publications (F.Kh., Urazaeva, K.F. Urazaev, 2005).

The proposed method of rehabilitation is more effective than previously known due to the use of binaural sound rhythms corresponding to individual frequency characteristics of the brain, the imposition of which is more successful. The method has no contraindications for use in conjunction with other methods of rehabilitation (suggestive effects, electrical stimulation of the brain, photostimulation, etc.).

Studies have shown that the proposed method of rehabilitation is effective in reducing depressive states, anxiety, computer and game addiction, and age-related deviations in mental development. At the same time, not only the clinical status and psychophysiological indicators of clients are improved, but their pronounced mental well-being also appears. The application of the method allows to reduce the level of anxiety indicators (according to the Spilberger-Hanin, Taylor tests), to increase subjective (well-being, activity, mood according to the SAN test) and objective self-assessments (adaptability according to the Frolov test, productivity, information processing speed, accuracy according to the Landolt proofreading test) .

The test results are presented in table 1, which shows the dynamics of psychological and psychophysiological indicators after rehabilitation of patients using binaural rhythms - 10 sessions, 46 people, aged 16-25 years.

The principle of the method

To determine the typology of pathological changes in the functional state of a person according to the results of EEG diagnostics, amplitude, spectral analyzes and mapping of the spectral power of EEG rhythms are performed. As a result, changes in the spatio-temporal characteristics of the electrical activity of the human brain are detected that determine the type of pathological changes by known methods (reference to the literature above). The first and second types of EEG disturbances are established if the average amplitude (power) of alpha or beta rhythms in the frontal leads of the right hemisphere is lower than in the frontal leads of the left hemisphere (the difference is more than 40-50%). The first type corresponds to reactive depression. The second type (endogenous depression) is detected if, in addition to the first condition, the average amplitude (power) of alpha or beta rhythms in the left occipital leads is additionally reduced than in the right (the difference is more than 40-50%).

To detect pathological brain activity, the presence of theta or delta waves with an amplitude of more than 50-60 μV is determined.

To form the rhythmic activity of the brain in the necessary direction, in the first type of EEG changes, correction is performed using binaural rhythms with frequencies corresponding to the average frequencies of alpha or beta rhythms in the right frontal leads. In the second type, the power of alpha or beta rhythms is increased both in the right frontal leads and in the left occipital leads using binaural waves with frequencies corresponding to the calculated average frequencies in the same leads.

If there is an increased slow-wave activity in the EEG, binaural wave frequencies are selected to attenuate it, which differ from the calculated average frequencies in the leads with a high amplitude or the power of theta and delta rhythms (the difference should be at least 1-2 Hz).

The exposure time for 1 session also depends on the patient's condition and reaction to the exposure and usually ranges from 30 to 40 minutes. The number of sessions is determined by the change in the objective state of the patient and the degree of complexity of violations of psychoemotional pathologies. The number of sessions can range from 5 to 20 or more.

Case studies based on the use of binaural beats without a background of calm music.

Example 1. Patient B., 23 g. Hysterical neurosis. Increased anxiety, irritability with sleep disturbance. Preliminary EEG diagnostics: Alpha rhythm desynchronization and increased activity in the frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex are recorded, the average alpha rhythm power in the frontal leads on the left

2.8 MkV ² / s ² , right 0 MkV ² / s ² , the average frequency in the frontal leads on the left is 9.3 Hz.

Slow waves of the delta range up to 125 μV with a frequency of 1.1 Hz and the theta range up to 55 μV with a frequency of 5.3 Hz were detected. The average power of the alpha rhythm in the occipital leads on the left is 3.7 MkV ² / s ² , on the right is 4.3 MkV ² / s ² . The average frequency on the left and right is 9.8 Hz. The first type of EEG changes was determined, which corresponds to the reactive type of emotional pathology. The impact was carried out with binaural sinusoidal rhythms using stereo headphones. A set of two frequencies was selected: one frequency (9.8 Hz) was determined by the average frequency of the alpha rhythm in the right hemisphere (there is no alpha activity in the frontal leads on the right), sound waves were sent to the left ear - 200 Hz, to the right - 209, 8 Hz, the resulting beat frequency was 9.8 Hz (209.8-200 = 9.8); a different beat frequency (3 Hz) was selected by difference from the average frequencies of slow-wave activity in the frontal hemispheres (1.2 and 5.3 Hz), 200 Hz in the left ear, 203 Hz in the right ear, and 3 Hz in the right ear (203 -200 = 3). The exposure time in one session was 35 minutes Conducted 10 sessions.

As a result, a positive result was achieved. Anxiety has decreased. The zonality of the alpha rhythm has recovered. Asymmetry in the anterior regions of the cerebral cortex is practically eliminated. The average alpha rhythm power in the frontal leads on the left is 1.1 MkV ² / s ² , on the right is 1.0 MkV ² / s ² . The average alpha rhythm power in the occipital leads on the left increased to 8.5 MkV ² / s ² , on the right 8.2 MkV ² / s ² . The amplitude of the pathological waves decreased to 61 μV.

Example 2. Patient F., 18 years old. Post-traumatic stress disorder.

Stress, lowered mood, attention and performance.

Preliminary EEG diagnostics: Activations in the right frontal zone of the cerebral cortex are recorded according to the average alpha, beta rhythm power. The average alpha rhythm power in the frontal leads on the left is 3.9 MkV ² / s ² , on the right is 1.9 MkV ² / s ² . The average frequency, respectively, is 8.5 and 10.3 Hz. The average alpha rhythm power in the occipital leads on the left is 8.4 MkV ² / s ² , on the right is MkV ² / s ² . The average frequency, respectively, 10 and 10.5 Hz. The average power of the low-frequency beta rhythm in the frontal leads on the left is 0.6 MkV ² / s ² , on the right is 0.0 MkV ² / s ² . The average frequency, respectively, 16.3 Hz on the left. The average power of the low-frequency beta rhythm in the occipital leads on the left is 1.7 MkV ² / s ² , on the right is 1.5 MkV ² / s ² . The average frequency is 15.8 and 15 Hz, respectively. The average power of the high-frequency beta rhythm in the frontal leads on the left is 0.4 MkV ² / s ² , on the right is 0.0 MkV ² / s ² . The average frequency, respectively, 28.3 Hz on the left. The average power of the high-frequency beta rhythm in the occipital leads on the left is 0.5 MkV ² / s ² ,

right 0.5 MkV ² / s ² . The average frequency is 24 and 22.5 Hz, respectively. The reactive type of pathology is determined. The exposure was carried out with binaural beats using a set of the following frequencies: 10.3 Hz (average frequency of the alpha rhythm in the frontal leads on the right), 15 Hz and 22.5 Hz (middle frequencies of the low-frequency and high-frequency beta-rhythms on the right). The time of one session is 40 minutes. Conducted 10 sessions.

After correction, the patient’s emotional state improved, attention and performance increased. Against the background of a general increase in the alpha rhythm power, the asymmetry of the distribution of biopotentials in the anterior regions of the cerebral cortex decreased. The zonality of the alpha rhythm has recovered.

Example 3. Patient K., 25 years old. Anxiety-depressive neurosis, motor inhibition. Preliminary EEG diagnostics: The zonal distribution of the EEG is violated, the high-frequency component of the EEG is increased (with an amplitude of up to 60 μV on the left and up to 57 μV on the right), slow-wave activity with an amplitude of up to 63 μV is recorded). Two activation focuses were revealed: the right frontal region, the average alpha rhythm power in the frontal leads on the left was 1.5 MkV ² / s ² , the right was 0.7 MkV ² / s ² , the average frequency was 9.8 and 10 Hz, respectively, and the left occipital, the average alpha rhythm power in the occipital leads on the left is 1.1 MkV ² / s ² , on the right is 2.5 MkV ² / s ² , the average frequency is 9.8 and 9 Hz, respectively.

The second type of pathology of the emotional state is determined. The exposure was carried out with binaural beats using only the alpha range (due to the high-amplitude high-frequency EEG): 10 Hz (the average frequency of the alpha rhythm in the right frontal compartment) and 9.8 Hz (in the left occipital). The time of one session is 40 minutes. Conducted 15 sessions.

After the correction, it became more lively. An increase in the amplitude of the alpha rhythm is recorded, the zonal distribution of biopotentials began to recover. The powers of the alpha rhythm in the frontal parts of the brain are almost equal, 0.8 MkV ² / s ² on the left, 0.7 MkV ² / c ² on the right. The high-frequency component of the EEG (45 μV on the left, 35 μV on the right) and slow-wave activity decreased (51 μV). It is required to continue the alignment of alpha activity in the occipital leads (1.2 MkV ² / s ² on the left, 1.5 MkV ² / s ² on the right).

Information sources

1. Gusev E.I., Konovalov A.N., Belyakov V.V. Research methods in neurology and neurosurgery. M .: Nolidzh. 2000. S. 9-38.

2. Danilova N.N. Functional conditions: mechanisms and diagnostics. - M .; Moscow State University, 1985 .-- 287 p.

3. Luchinin A.S. Psychophysiology. Lecture notes. - Rostov n / a: Phoenix, 2004. - 320 p.

4. Nebylitsin V.D. Psychophysiological studies of individual differences. - M .: Nauka, 1976 .-- 336 p.

5. Pronin S.V. Operand conditioning in alpha-theta training in the treatment of opium addiction // Biofeedback-3: Theory and Practice. Novosibirsk: IMBK SORAMN. 1998. S.164-171.

6. Psychophysiology: Textbook for universities / Under. ed. Yu.A. Alexandrov. St. Petersburg: Peter, 2003 .-- 496 p.

7. Simonov P.V. Theta rhythm and quantization mechanism for extracting engrams from memory // Memory trace processes. Abstracts 4th All-Union Conference. - Pushchino, 1979.C 6.

8. Simonov P.V. Functional asymmetry of the frontal neocortex and emotions // Dokl. AN RAS., 1994. - T.338. - No. 5. - S.689.

9. Sagittarius VB Violation of the physiological mechanisms of perception, emotions and thinking in certain types of mental pathology // Human Physiology. 1989.- T.15. - Number 3. - S.135.

10. Frolov M.V. Monitoring the functional state of a person. - M .: Nauka, 1987 .-- 208 p.

11. Davidson R.J. Anterior cerebral asymmetry and the nature of emotion // Brain and Cognition, 1992 .-- V.20. - P.585.

12. Heller W. Neuropsychological mechanisms of individual differences in emotion, personality and arousal // Neuropsychology. 1993. - V.7. - P.476.

13. Schneider F., Grodd W., Gur R.E. et al. PET and fMRI in the study of emotions // ISNIP / - Frankfurt, 1995 .-- P.76.

Table 1 No. Tests Name of indicator Changes (in% of the initial level) one Spielberger Hanin Situational anxiety -26.3 ** Personal anxiety -20.5 ** 2 SAN Feeling well 18.0 ** Activity 12.7 * Mood 16.9 ** 3 Taylor Anxiety level -17.7 * four Landolta Workload 9.4 * Number of mistakes -18.1 ** Information processing speed 15.3 ** Average productivity 19.4 ** Average accuracy 12.0 * 5 Frolova Adaptability 32.3 ** Affectiveness -22.6 ** Integral indicator of mental state -20.8 ** 6 EEG Alpha rhythm power 24.2 * Alpha rhythm frequency 8.7 * Note: The significance of differences in indicators relative to the initial level was determined by the Wilcoxon criterion * - p <0.05; ** - p <0.01.

Claims (2)

1. A method of rehabilitation of emotional and affective disorders of a person, including exposure to sound signals, characterized in that it is preliminarily performed an electroencephalographic (EEG) study, amplitude and frequency analysis of EEG is carried out, and spatio-temporal characteristics of brain activity are determined, and the first type of EEG disturbances is established, if the average amplitude of the alpha and / or beta rhythm in the frontal leads of the right hemisphere is lower than in the frontal leads of the left hemisphere by more than 40-50%; the second type of EEG disturbances is established in cases where the average amplitude of the alpha and / or beta rhythm in the frontal leads of the right hemisphere is lower than in the frontal leads of the left hemisphere by more than 40-50% and the average amplitude of alpha and / or beta is further reduced rhythm in the left occipital leads compared with the right by more than 40-50%; in this case, patients with the first type of EEG disturbances are exposed by binaural sound waves with frequencies corresponding to the average frequencies of the alpha and / or beta rhythm in the right frontal leads; for patients with the second type of EEG disorders, binaural exposure is performed with a set of frequencies that corresponds to the alpha and / or beta rhythm of the right frontal lead and the frequency of the corresponding alpha and / or beta rhythm of the left occipital lead; the exposure time for one session is 30-40 minutes, the number of sessions is from 5 to 20 or more. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when the delta and / or theta activity of more than 50-60 μV is detected in the EEG, the frequency that is not less than 1-2 Hz and differs from frequencies of delta and / or theta activity.