RU2306482C1 - Burning device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: burning device comprises horizontal symmetrical top and bottom dust-air discharging passages of round cross-section separated by the horizontal plane of symmetry, top and bottom air-discharging passages arranged symmetrically to the plane above and under the top and bottom dust-air discharging passages, and gas nozzles arranged around the air discharging passages.

EFFECT: decreased toxicity of exhaust gases.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to energy and can be used in boilers of thermal power plants that burn gas and atomized solid fuel.

A burner device is known that contains upper and lower dusty air outlet channels of circular cross section, arranged at an angle to each other, separated by a horizontal plane of symmetry, placed upper and lower air outlet channels, and also gas nozzles symmetrically on this plane above and above the lower dust air outlet channels ("Design of furnaces with solid slag removal "(Supplement to the normative method of thermal calculation of boiler units). Edited by V.V. Mitor and Yu.L. Marshak. Leading s instructions. Vyp.42. L .: 1981, p.81, ris.7.12). The disadvantage of the burner device is the increased underburning of large dust particles during coal combustion and a high yield of nitrogen oxides during gas combustion.

A burner device is also known that contains horizontal upper and lower dusty air outlets of circular cross-section, separated by a horizontal plane of symmetry, located symmetrically relative to this plane respectively above and below the upper and lower dusty air outlets, horizontal upper and lower air outlets, and gas nozzles placed around the air outlets ( patent RU No. 2215237; IPC 7 F23C1 / 12 of 11/25/2002. publ. B.I. No. 30 of 10/27/2003). The device allows you to burn gas with a reduced output of nitrogen oxides. The disadvantage of the burner device is the high level of concentration of this harmful substance in the combustion products during the combustion of solid fuels.

The objective of the invention is to reduce the yield of concentration of nitrogen oxides during coal combustion separately and together with gas.

To solve this problem, in a burner device containing horizontal upper and lower dusty air outlet channels of equal circular cross-section, separated by a horizontal plane of symmetry, installed symmetrically to this plane above and below the upper and lower dusty air outlet channels, horizontal upper and lower air outlet channels of equal cross-section, as well as placed around air nozzles gas nozzles according to the invention, the distance between the axes of the dust duct the catch is (1.05-2.5) D, and the distances between the upper air and dust ducts and between the lower air and dust ducts are (1.1-1.5) D, where D is the diameter of the dust and air ducts, m

By placing dust-air exhaust channels along the horizontal axes, vertically offset from each other by a distance of (1.05-2.5) D, and air exhaust channels above the upper dust-air exhaust channels and below the lower dust-air exhaust channels at a distance of (1.1-1.5) D, where D is the diameter of the dusty air ducts, m, the minimum yield of nitrogen oxides with the combustion products formed in the furnace is achieved both during gas combustion and when dust is burned together or separately with gas.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a vertical prismatic furnace of the boiler, equipped with the proposed burner devices with round air outlets; figure 2 is a view of figure 1; figure 3 - individual burner with rectangular air outlets; figure 4 is an individual burner device with semi-ring air discharge channels.

The vertical prismatic firebox 1 in FIG. 1 has walls 2 shielded by pipes 3 with a steam-water medium, an exit window 4. The burner devices in FIGS. 1, 2 are placed on walls 2 and contain upper 5 and lower 6 round dust-exhaust channels for entering into the firebox 1 dust-air mixture flows, round air outlets 7, 8 for introducing air streams into the furnace 1, moreover, the channels 7 are placed above the channels 5, and the channels 8 are located under the channels 6; in addition, gas nozzles 9 and 10 are placed around the air outlet channels 7 and 8. The upper channels 5, 7 and the nozzles 9 are symmetrical to the lower channels 6, 8 and the nozzles 10 with respect to the horizontal plane of symmetry 13. The round dusty air outlets 5, 6 for supplying dusty air flows have axis 11, 12, the distance between which H = (1.05-2.5) D, where D is the diameter of the dusty air ducts 5, 6, m. The distance between the upper dusty air vent 5 and air outlet 7 channels H ₁ = (1,1- 1.5) D; the distance between the lower dusty air outlet 6 and the air outlet 8 channels is also equal to H ₂ = (1.1-1.5) D, where D is the diameter of the dusty air outlet channels 5, 6, m.

The operation of the burner devices in figures 1, 2 is carried out by feeding into the combustion chamber 1 flows of coal dust, air and gas through the upper channels 5, 7 and nozzles 9 and the lower channels 6, 8 and nozzles 10. In the process of oxidation of fuel with oxygen in the furnace 1, a torch 14 is formed, the temperature of which in the zone of the burners ′ ′ T _Ф ′ ′. Due to the radiant heat dissipation to the wall screens 2, the torch temperature decreases and in the output window 4 of the furnace 1 is ′ Т _T ′ Здесь Here the final integral level of the concentration of nitrogen oxides NO _{x is formed} .

Figure 3, 4 presents the burner with air outlet channels of rectangular and semi-ring forms of the output section with the same position designations as in figure 2.

The operation of the burner devices in figure 3, 4 is carried out similarly to the operation of the burner device in figure 2 after installing them on the wall 2 of the furnace 1 with screens 3 in figure 1.

A different arrangement of the burner devices on the walls 2 of the furnace 1 in figure 1, as well as a different shape and design of the furnace 1. In this case, the operation of the burner devices is similar to the operation of the burner devices in figures 1, 2.

При незначительных отклонениях в пределах 1,05D<H<2,5D, 1,1D<H₁<1,5D, 1,1D<H₂<1,5D параметр

Как только хотя бы один из параметров достигал значений Н=1,05D; H=2,5D; H₁=1,1D; H₁=1,5D; H₂=1,1D; H₂=1,5D, величина

то есть увеличивалась на ~5%. Дальнейшие отклонения Н, H₁ и Н₂ от указанных диапазонов приводят к резкому скачкообразному увеличению контролируемого параметра до

Откуда диапазоны Н=(1,05-2,5)D; H₁=(1,1-1,5)D; H₂=(1,1-1,5)D можно считать оптимальными. При этом они распространяются как на режимы раздельного сжигания угольной пыли и газа, а также на режимы комбинированного сжигания топлива при различной степени газовой подсветки.The practical use of the proposed burner device is associated with the furnace 1 in figure 1 of the boiler BK3-210-140F of the Chelyabinsk CHPP-2, which was tested to determine the optimal installation dimensions of H, H ₁ , H ₂ with fixed diameters D of dust-exhaust ducts, boiler loads, excess air and a fraction of gas backlight. If the distance between the axes of the dusty air exhaust channels was H = 1.5 D, and the distance between the adjacent air exhaust and dusty air channels H ₁ = 1.25D; H ₂ = 1.25D, then the yield of nitrogen oxides was minimal NO _x ^min , in relative units its current value

With slight deviations within 1.05D <H <2.5D, 1.1D <H ₁ <1.5D, 1.1D <H ₂ <1.5D, the parameter

As soon as at least one of the parameters reached H = 1.05 D; H = 2.5 D; H ₁ = 1.1 D; H ₁ = 1.5D; H ₂ = 1.1 D; H ₂ = 1,5D, value

that is, increased by ~ 5%. Further deviations of H, H ₁ and H ₂ from these ranges lead to a sharp jump-like increase in the controlled parameter to

Where are the ranges H = (1.05-2.5) D; H ₁ = (1.1-1.5) D; H ₂ = (1.1-1.5) D can be considered optimal. Moreover, they apply both to the regimes of separate combustion of coal dust and gas, as well as to the regimes of combined combustion of fuel with various degrees of gas illumination.

Claims (1)

A burner device containing horizontal upper and lower dusty air outlet channels of equal circular cross-section, separated by a horizontal plane of symmetry, located symmetrically to this plane respectively above and below the upper and lower dusty air outlet channels, horizontal upper and lower air outlet channels of an equal section, and gas nozzles located around the air outlet channels characterized in that the distance between the axes of the dusty air ducts is (1.05-2.5) D, and the distance between the upper air and dust ducts, and between the lower air and dust ducts are equal to (1,1-1,5) D, where D is the diameter of the dust and air ducts, m

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