RU2306258C1 - Synthetic diamond-containing substances and a method for separation thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: carbon materials. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to inorganic chemistry of carbon and can be utilized when obtaining stable nano-diamond sols. According to an embodiment of invention, synthetic diamond-containing substance contains 82-91% carbon, 0.8-1.5% hydrogen, 1.1-2.2% oxygen, and 1.1-1.3% metallic impurities with content of non-diamond carbon 2-25% based on total weight of carbon. diamond-containing substance is characterized by zeta(zeta) potential from -40 to -85 mV. According to second embodiment, substance contains 97.5-98.5% carbon, 0.09-0.2% hydrogen, 0.3-0.5% oxygen, and 0.5-0.8% metallic impurities with content of non- diamond carbon 0.2-5% and zeta potential from 0 to -75 mV. Synthetic diamond-containing substance according to invention manifest high colloidal particle stability and are susceptible to be fractioned with narrow particle size distribution: 3 to 1700 nm and 3 to 8000 nm, respectively. Present substances are recovered by treating dry nano-diamond powder obtained from mixture of explosives (trinitrotoluene-hexogen or graphite-hexogen) in boiled organic solvents, succession of solvents going from hydrophobic solvents to hydrophilic ones so that each precedent solvent dissolves well in subsequent one. ^ EFFECT: increased economical efficiency and commodity of transportation of raw material and diamond-containing substances obtained thereof. ^ 3 cl, 9 dwg, 4 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of inorganic chemistry of carbon, in particular to nanodispersed carbon materials and a method for their isolation, and can be used in various fields of industry and science, where detonation nanodiamonds powders or their sols are used.

Known synthetic carbon diamond-containing material [p. RF 2046094, IPC С01В 31 / 04.06, publ. 10/20/95, Bull. No. 29]. The specified material contains elements in the following ratio, wt. %:

Carbon 65-80 Hydrogen 0.6-3.3 Nitrogen 1.4-3.4 Oxygen 13.3-33.0

while carbon contains 8-40 wt.% non-diamond forms.

Closest to the claimed is a diamond-carbon substance [p. RF 2183583, IPC С01В 31/06, publ. 06/20/2002, Bull. No. 22]. This substance contains elements in the following ratio, wt. %:

Carbon 89-93 Particles of silicon, metals up to 1.5 Hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen - the rest,

while 96.0-99.6 wt. % carbon is contained in diamond form, and the specific surface area of the powder of the obtained substance is in the range of 400-500 m ² / g.

The disadvantages of the known diamond-containing substances synthesized by the detonation of explosive charges in various environments are numerous organic ligands due to incomplete oxidative destruction of the organic products of the explosion, a high content of non-diamond forms of carbon, metal impurities and non-combustible impurities, which reduces the zeta potential of particles, worsens the hydrophilicity of the surface of nanodiamonds and accordingly, the colloidal stability of their hydrosols.

The closest way to the claimed is a method [p. RF, 2183583, IPC СВВ 31/06, publ. 06/20/2002, bull. No. 22], where a diamond-containing substance of high purity is obtained by additional purification of the primary powder, which is carried out in several stages by sequential treatment with solutions of alkali, hydrochloric or nitric acid with washing the precipitate with distilled water to pH 7 after each stage and subsequent washing in perchloric acid. Next, the precipitate is washed with distilled water to a pH of 6.5-7.0, the water is drained by decantation, the precipitate is concentrated in a centrifuge and dried at a temperature of +100 -120 ° C to a moisture content of 1-2%.

The disadvantage of this method is the complexity of the method, requiring the use of containers of various materials (stainless steel - alkali treatment, porcelain or glass - nitric, hydrochloric acid), the costs associated with a large amount of distilled water for washing the powder from strong acids to pH 7, so and time for sedimentation (necessary for decantation of solutions). As well as a low degree of purification of the surface of a diamond-carbon substance from oxidized organic matter and related metal impurities, as a result of which it does not gain advantages, for example, in terms of colloidal stability, aggregate size, and surface hydrophilicity.

The main task, to the solution of which the claimed technical solutions are directed, is to obtain synthetic diamond-containing substances with the properties of repeatedly reproducing stable colloidal systems and the ability to fractionate.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the claimed group of inventions is:

- obtaining synthetic diamond-containing substances of high purity, forming free-dispersed systems with high colloidal stability and the ability to fractionation;

- the use as a raw material of dry matter (powder) of nanodiamonds obtained not only during the synthesis of a mixture of explosives Trinitrotoluene-Hexagen (TNT-G), but also a mixture of graphite-hexagen (G-G);

- savings and convenience in the transportation of raw materials and diamond-derived substances obtained from it.

The specified single technical result in the implementation of the group of inventions on the subject matter is achieved by the fact that the synthetic diamond-containing substance containing carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen contains elements in the following ratio, wt. %:

Carbon 82-91 Hydrogen 0.8-1.5 Nitrogen 1.1-2.2 Oxygen 6.0-13.0

including non-diamond carbon in the range of 2-25%, as well as metal impurities 1.1-1.3%, zeta potential from -40 to -85 mV, and which has the ability to form free-dispersed systems with high colloidal stability of particles and is capable of fractionation with a narrow particle size distribution from 3 to 1700 nm.

A single technical result is also achieved by the fact that the synthetic diamond-containing substance containing carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen contains elements in the following ratio, wt.%:

Carbon 97.5-98.5 Hydrogen 0.09-0.2 Nitrogen 0.3-0.5 Oxygen 0.6-1.0

including non-diamond carbon in the range of 0.2-5%, as well as metal impurities 0.5-0.8%, zeta potential from 0 to -75 mV, and which has the ability to form free-dispersed systems with high colloidal stability of particles and capable of fractionation with a narrow particle size distribution from 3 to 8000 nm.

The specified single technical result in the implementation of the group of inventions on the object-method is also achieved by the fact that in the method for isolating synthetic diamond-containing substances, including the processing of nanodiamond powders sequentially in several stages with boiling solvents, followed by removal of the solvents and drying of the powder, it is new that the treatment is subjected dry nanodiamond powder obtained from a mixture of explosives Trinitrotoluene-RDX or Graphite-RDX and use organic solvent ate, observing the processing sequence from hydrophobic to hydrophilic so that the previous solvent was well dissolved in the subsequent.

The claimed group of inventions meets the requirement of unity of invention, since the group of diverse inventions forms a single inventive concept, moreover, one of the claimed objects of the group, the extraction method, is designed to obtain other declared objects of the group - synthetic diamond-containing substances, while all objects of the group of inventions are aimed at solving one and the same task with obtaining a single technical result.

It is known that variations in the properties of nanodiamonds extracted from synthesis products in various ways are determined by differences in their surface composition. As a result of the implementation of this method under the influence of organic solvents, additional residues of organic components formed during the synthesis are removed from the surface of the particles and subsequently separated from the charge, as well as metal impurities associated with them. Thus, additional purification of powders of nanodiamonds obtained as a result of explosive synthesis of injection charges of TNT-G, or nanodiamonds obtained during the synthesis of G-G, produce synthetic diamond-containing substances of high purity, forming free-dispersed systems (hydrosols with high colloidal stability and lyosols).

The analysis of the prior art, including a search by patent and scientific and technical sources of information and identification of sources containing information about analogues of the claimed group of inventions for both the object method and the substance objects, allowed us to establish that the applicant did not find analogues for both the method, and for the group of the claimed substances, characterized by signs identical to all the essential features of the method and the claimed substances. The definition from the list of identified analogues - prototypes for both the method and substances - as the closest in the totality of the characteristics of analogues, allowed us to identify the set of essential distinguishing features for each of the claimed objects of the group set forth in the formulas with respect to the technical result perceived by the applicant. Therefore, each of the objects of the group of inventions meets the condition of "novelty." The features distinguishing the claimed technical solutions from prototypes are not identified in other technical solutions when studying data and related areas of technology and, therefore, provide the claimed solutions with the criterion of "inventive step".

Since diamond-containing substances extracted from this product from TNT-G or G-G synthesis products have a number of common properties and characteristics, it does not make sense to duplicate illustrations when describing such properties, therefore they are presented for one of the substances. It is understood that the second substance has similar parameters. Figure 1 shows the sizes of nanoparticles and their clusters, determined by the scattering indicatrix in the hydrosols forming free-dispersed systems for the TNT-G synthesis mode: 1 - unfractionated substance; 2 - simple addition of water to the fraction of large particles; 3 - simple addition of water to the fraction of fine particles; 4 - ultrasonic treatment of the fraction of fine particles; 5 - lyosol, size less than 100 nm (additional fractionation of the fraction of small particles). Figure 2 shows the sizes of the nanoparticles and their clusters forming free-dispersed systems, determined by the scattering indicatrix in hydrosols (device - Coulter No. 5), for the synthesis mode GG: 1 - unfractionated substance; 2 - fraction of small particles; 3 - fraction of large particles. Figure 3 shows the distribution of unfractionated nanoparticles and their clusters forming free-dispersed systems for the synthesis mode G-G, recorded on the system "Video test". Figure 4 presents the Auger spectrum of the fraction of small particles forming free-dispersed systems for the synthesis regime of TNT-G. Figure 5 shows the x-ray (device DRON-3) of the feedstock (1) and the fractions of small (2) and large (3) nanoparticles separated from it forming free-dispersed systems. Figure 6 presents the EPR spectra (RE 1307 radio spectrometer) of the feedstock (1) and the fractions of large (2, 4) and small (3, 5) nanoparticles separated from it forming free-dispersed systems. Figure 7 shows the IR spectra (Broker spectrometer) of the raw material (1) and the substance obtained from it, forming free-dispersed systems (2). On Fig presents the IR spectrum (spectrometer company Broker) of impurities removed by this method from the surface of the nanoparticles. Figure 9 shows a histogram showing the change in the optical density of hydrosols during ten cycles of their drying and the subsequent addition of water to a dry powder (UV-300 spectrophotometer from Shimadzu).

The cleaning is carried out in several stages, sequentially washing the powder of the diamond-containing substance with organic solvents: chloroform, benzene, acetone and alcohol. The synthetic diamond-containing substance in the amount of 3 g is placed in a glass flask made of heat-resistant glass, filled with chloroform 50-100 ml, set the reflux condenser and boiled in a sand bath for 10-15 minutes, while two main principles must be observed: the sequence of solvents should be hydrophobic to hydrophilic; the previous liquid should dissolve well (mix with the next, for example: chloroform, benzene, acetone, alcohol). But other combinations of other organic solvents can be used, for example, 1,2-dichloroethane, benzene, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide. Depending on the equipment used (technological methods), various options for implementing the method are possible. Variants of technological methods and sequences of organic solvents are given in the examples. After the cleaning process, the solvent is removed (for example by decantation), the powder is dried at a temperature of 80-100 ° C to a moisture content of 1-2%.

Synthetic diamond-containing substance obtained by the claimed method from the synthesis products of TNT-G, has the following elemental composition in wt. %: carbon 82-91; hydrogen 0.8-1.5; nitrogen 1.1-2.2; oxygen 6.0-13.0 and non-diamond carbon within 2-25%, as well as metal impurities 1.1-1.3%, zeta potential from -40 to -85 mV (measured in the region of the positive electrode, KCI electrolyte ) and is a powder from light gray to black, depending on the fractional composition.

The sizes of unfractionated nanoparticles and their clusters in hydrosols, determined by the scattering indicatrix or by the sedimentation method, for the TNT-G synthesis mode lie in the range of 3-1700 nm (Fig. 1, curve 1), cluster sizes of fractionated particles in hydrosols allow obtaining lyosols with sizes less than 100 nm (figure 1, curve 5), and the range of values of the specific surface area, determined by the adsorption of argos on the GC-1 gas meter, is from 300 m ² / g with an average cluster size of 300-400 nm (figure 1, curve 2) and up to 420 m ² / g with an average value and cluster sizes of 30-50 nm (Fig. 1, curves 3.4).

Synthetic diamond-containing substance obtained by the claimed method to the synthesis products GG, has the following elemental composition, wt. %: carbon 97.5-98.5; hydrogen 0.09-0.2; nitrogen 0.3-0.5; oxygen 0.6-1.0 and non-diamond carbon within 0.2-5%, as well as metal impurities 0.5-0.8%, zeta potential from 0 to -75 mV (measured in the region of the positive electrode, KCI electrolyte) and is a powder from light gray to black, depending on the fractional composition.

The sizes of unfractionated nanoparticles and their clusters in hydrosols (measured by the scattering indicatrix on a Coulter No. 5 device (Fig. 2) or the Video Test system (Fig. 3), for the G-G synthesis mode lie in the range of 3-8000 nm, and the specific the surface measured by the BET method (Brunauer - Emmet - Teller) is 50-300 nm, 40-55 m ² / g for diamond-containing material fractions, 80-1000 nm, 30-35 m ² / g for fractions, for fractions 2000-4000 nm, 23-27 m ² / g.

The quantitative ratio of chemical elements that make up the obtained synthetic diamond-containing substances forming free-dispersed systems was determined by various methods. Figure 4, as an example, presents the results of Auger spectroscopy for the fraction of fine particles of the product of the synthesis of TNT-G.

The compositions of synthetic diamond-containing substances forming free-dispersed systems are presented in the table.

Batch of substances Type of synthesis The total mass fraction of hydrocarbon,% Mass fraction of hydrogen,% Mass fraction of nitrogen,% Mass fraction of oxygen,% Mass fraction of metal impurities,% The average particle size, D ₅₀ nm Zeta potential, mV TNT-G one 82 1,5 2.2 13 1.3 40 -85 2 85 1,2 1,6 11.0 1,2 160 -46 3 91 0.8 1,1 6.0 1,1 650 -40 Gg four 97.5 0.2 0.5 1,0 0.8 750 -75 5 98.1 0.1 0.4 0.8 0.6 2500 -23 6 98.5 0.09 0.3 0.6 0.51 4000 0

Along with the properties listed above, diamond-containing substances isolated by this method from the synthesis products of TNT-G or G-G have a number of common properties and characteristics.

Since no action is taken on the diamond core of the particles upon receipt of the substances, the parameters of the crystal lattices and the sizes of the primary particles (crystallites) correspond to the parameters of the crystal lattices and the sizes of the primary particles of the raw materials used and are independent of the fractional composition. According to the X-ray diffraction pattern (Fig. 5) obtained with the DRON-3 device, the separated fractions of nanoparticles forming free-dispersed systems are diamond peaks (111), (220), (311)). Comparative X-ray diffraction studies of the diamond component suggest that the raw materials and extracted fractions consist of identical diamond nanocrystallites. For the samples shown in FIG. 5, the characteristic nanocrystallite size determined by the Hall-Williamson method [Williamson OK, Hall WH X-ray line broadening filed aluminum and wolfram. Acta Metallurgica, 1953, 1, 22-31], is equal to 3.5 nm, and the level of microstrains is negligible and does not exceed 0.06%. The crystal lattice parameter is 0.3561 ± 0.0007 nm, which corresponds to a theoretical density of the nanodiamond of 3.56 g / cm ³ . On the surface of the nanoparticles there is an admixture of non-diamond carbon in the range of 2–25% (peak (002)), the amount of which depends on the fractional composition.

The registration of EPR spectra (electron paramagnetic resonance) using a RE 1307 radio spectrometer showed the presence of a diamond-containing substance in all samples, regardless of their fractional composition and synthesis method (TNT-G, G-G), a signal which is characteristic of explosive synthesis nanodiamonds (Fig. 6 , curves 1, 2, 3). The spectra also record signals from iron impurities, the amplitude of which depends on the fractional composition of the sample. The amount of this impurity for a fraction of particles with small sizes can be 3-4 times greater than for a fraction of particles of large size (Fig.6, curves 4, 5).

A comparison of the IR spectra of the source and obtained substances recorded on an infrared spectrometer company Bruker, shows that as a result of the implementation of the proposed method there is a significant cleaning of the surface of the nanoparticles (Fig.7).

The contaminants removed by this method from the surface of the nanoparticles are brown in color and form a glassy mass upon evaporation of organic solvents. According to IR spectrocopy, the composition of the removed impurities (Fig. 8) is presented as follows: -OSN ₃ ; -CH ₃ ; = C = O; HC = O; -O-C-O-C-; -C = C-C = C-C-, -OH, = NH, -SH. According to the data obtained using the Quantum-2a atomic absorption spectrometer, it contains (mg / kg): Fe - 23960; Ca - 21180; Na - 19020; K - 1650; Cu - 1241.02; Mg 1170; Cr 509.18; Zn - 328.69; Ni - 283.61; Mn - 7.526; Co - 5.38. Volumetric titration is used to determine S - 10800 mg / kg. According to data obtained using emission spectroscopy (spectrograph PGS-2 Karl Zeis Jena), contains (%): Ti - 4.7; Al - 1.28; Sr 0.46; V is 0.07; Mo - 0.0152; B - 0.0034.

It is known that the ability to form free-dispersed systems is associated with a decrease in surface impurities and an increase in the zeta potential, which is an important parameter that determines the stability of nanoparticles in hydrosols. According to calculations according to the theory of the DLVO [B.V. Deryagin. On the definition of the concept and magnitude of proppant pressure and its role in the statics and kinetics of thin layers of liquids, Colloid Journal, 1955, v.17, v. 3], which satisfactorily describes the aggregative behavior of hydrosols of nanodiamonds (taking into account the small particle size of nanodiamonds) [G.A. Chiganova. Colloid Journal, 2000, 62, 2, 272] for TNT-G raw materials, depending on the pH of the hydrosols, the values of the zeta potential are usually in the range of -30 ÷ -38 mV [G.A. Chiganova. Colloid Journal, 1994, 56, 2, 266. G.A. Chiganova. Colloid Journal, 2000, 62, 2, 272]. For the claimed diamond-containing substance for the synthesis of TNT-G, the zeta potential is in the range of -40 ÷ -85 mV, and for particles of the synthesis of G-G, the zeta potential is determined in the range from 0 to -75 mV. The observed low value of the zeta potential (for batches of substances 5-6, tab.) Is associated with large sizes of clusters of nanodiamonds, for which calculations according to the theory of DFLO and additional counteraction of gravitational forces due to the large mass of clusters are not applicable. A high value of the zeta potential (for batches of substances 1-4, tab.) Indicates an increase in the energy of electrostatic repulsion of particles, proportional to the square of the potential of the diffuse layer, which is equivalent to the electrokinetic potential in dilute electrolyte solutions, and in combination with increased surface cleanliness, makes the claimed diamond-containing substances properties to the formation of free-dispersed systems.

Examples of the method

Example 1

Raw materials (powder of nanodiamonds of batch No. 11 synthesized according to the TNT-G method in OFVDM KSC, Krasnoyarsk) in an amount of 3 g are placed in a glass flask of heat-resistant glass with a volume of 100-150 ml, 50 ml of chloroform are poured, the reflux condenser is also installed in a sand bath bring to a boil and boil for 10-15 minutes. After the mixture has cooled, the liquid is removed by decantation, and 50 ml of benzene is poured into the flask. The process of heating, boiling and removing the benzene solution is repeated. Similar procedures are carried out sequentially with acetone and alcohol. After the cleaning process, the solvent is removed by decantation, the powder is dried at a temperature of 100 ° C to a moisture content of 1-2%. After this treatment, a gray powder is obtained in an amount of 2.76 g (weight loss 8%) in the following ratio of elements, wt. %: carbon 82-91, including non-diamond carbon in the range of 2-25%; hydrogen 0.8-1.5; nitrogen 1.1-2.2; oxygen 6.0-13.0 and metal impurities 1.1-1.3%. Then, by simple addition of water to the obtained powder (without the use of ultrasonic treatment), a hydrosol is obtained that allows fractionation to be carried out by any known method (in this case, centrifugation; as a result of centrifugation, powders with characteristics depending on the fractional composition, which are listed in the table (batches of substances), are obtained 1, 2, 3). Multiple drying and simple addition of water to both the fractionated powder and individual fractions allows us to obtain stable hydrosols again, which rit of giving nanoparticles svobodnodispersnyh properties.

Example 2

The powder of polycrystalline nanodiamonds produced by LLC Real-Dzerzhinsk, obtained by blasting GG, which is a raw material, in an amount of 5 g is placed in a glass flask made of heat-resistant glass, filled with an organic solvent in an amount of 50-100 ml and in a sand bath for 10 -15 minutes refluxed. After the mixture has cooled, the liquid is removed by any method (other than evaporation) and replaced with the next solvent. The sequence from hydrophobic to hydrophilic is observed. Recommended liquids and their sequence are chloroform, benzene, acetone, dimethylformamide, alcohol. After the cleaning process, the e-solvent is removed by decantation, the powder is dried at a temperature of 80 ° C to a moisture content of 1-2%. After this treatment, a gray powder is obtained in an amount of 4.75 g (weight loss 5%) in the following ratio of elements, wt. %: carbon 97.5-98.5, including non-diamond carbon in the range of 0.2-5%; hydrogen 0.09-0.2; nitrogen 0.3-0.5; oxygen 0.6-1.0 and metal impurities 0.51-0.8. Then, by simple addition of water to the obtained powder (without the use of ultrasonic treatment), a hydrosol is obtained, allowing fractionation to be carried out by any known method (in this case, centrifugation). As a result of centrifugation, powders are obtained with characteristics that depend on the fractional composition, which are given in table. (batches of substances 4, 5, 6). Repeated drying and simple addition of water to both unfractionated powder and individual fractions allows us to obtain stable hydrosols again, which indicates that nanoparticles are free-dispersed.

Example 3

The powder of nanodiamonds of batch No. 11, synthesized in the OFVDM KPP (Krasnoyarsk) with TNT-G blasting, which is a raw material, in an amount of 2 g is placed in a Soxhlet apparatus. A sequential washing of the powder with organic solvents (chloroform, benzene, acetone, alcohol) is carried out for 10 cycles of each solvent in an amount of 100 ml. After the cleaning process, the solvent is removed by decantation, the powder is dried at a temperature of 100 ° C to a moisture content of 1-2%. After this treatment, a gray powder is obtained in an amount of 1.86 g (weight loss of 7%) in the following ratio of elements, wt.%: Carbon 82-91, including non-diamond carbon in the range of 2-25%; hydrogen 0.8-1.5; nitrogen 1.1-2.2; oxygen 6.0-13.0 and metal impurities 1.1-1.3%. Then, by simple addition of water to the obtained powder (without the use of ultrasonic treatment), a hydrosol is obtained, allowing fractionation to be carried out by any known method (in this case, centrifugation). As a result of centrifugation, powders are obtained with characteristics that depend on the fractional composition, which are given in table. (batch of substances 1, 2, 3). Repeated drying and simple addition of water both to unfractionated powder and to individual fractions allows us to obtain stable hydrosols again, which indicates that the nanoparticles are freely dispersed.

Example 4

The powder of nanodiamonds produced by Real-Dzerzhinsk LLC, obtained by blasting GG, which is a raw material, in an amount of 2 g is placed in a Soxhlet apparatus. A sequential washing of the powder with organic solvents (1,2-dichloroethane, benzene, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide) is carried out for 10 cycles of each solvent in an amount of 100 ml. After the cleaning process, the solvent is removed by decantation, the powder is dried at a temperature of 80 ° C to a moisture content of 1-2%. After this treatment, a gray powder is obtained in an amount of 1.93 g (weight loss 3.5%) with the following ratio of elements, wt.%: Carbon 97.5-98.5, including non-diamond carbon; in the range of 0.2-5%; hydrogen 0.09-0.2; nitrogen 0.3-0.5; oxygen 0.6-1.0 and metal impurities 0.51-0.8. Then, by simple addition of water to the obtained powder (without the use of ultrasonic treatment), a hydrosol is obtained, allowing fractionation to be carried out by any known method (in this case, centrifugation). As a result of centrifugation, powders are obtained with characteristics that depend on the fractional composition, which are given in table. (batches of substances 4, 5, 6). Repeated drying and simple addition of water to both unfractionated powder and individual fractions allows us to obtain stable hydrosols again, which indicates that nanoparticles are free-dispersed.

The inventive method allows to obtain well-refined diamond-containing substances with high zeta potential, imposing the ability to form free-dispersed systems, which with the simple addition of water (without the use of ultrasonic treatment) form hydrosols with increased colloidal stability of nanoparticles, allowing fractionation by any known method, for example, centrifugation . Repeated drying and simple addition of water to both unfractionated powders and individual fractions allows us to obtain stable hydrosols again, which indicates that nanoparticles can be given both unfractionated diamond-containing substances and their individual fractions with the ability to form free-dispersed systems, this property is illustrated by a histogram (Fig. 9).

The obtained diamond-containing substances that protect the characteristics in the dry form (powder) are convenient and economical in transportation. At the same time, the use of nanodiamonds as a raw material obtained both during the synthesis of TNT-G and G-G in the form of the initial dry matter, rather than the hydrosol of nanoparticles, is also very convenient and economical for transportation.

The inventive diamond-containing substances with the ability to form free-dispersed systems can be used in biomedical research for the preparation of stable sterile sols with a strictly defined weight concentration of particles intended for oral administration and all types of injections. After freezing and thawing them, the hydrosol nanoparticles do not form aggregates, the nanoparticles can be evenly distributed on an agar gel.

In technical fields, synthetic diamond-containing substances with the ability to form free-dispersed systems can be used to produce colloidal systems with enhanced nanoparticle stability in oils, organic solvents, and other liquids, which makes it possible to use them in lubricating oils to improve the performance of engines and polishing pastes for processing substrates information media, polishing precious stones, etc.

Claims (3)

1. A synthetic diamond-containing substance containing carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen, characterized in that it contains elements in the following ratio, wt.%: Carbon 82-91 Hydrogen 0.8-1.5 Nitrogen 1.1-2.2 Oxygen 6.0-13.0 including non-diamond carbon in the range of 2-25%, as well as metal impurities 1.1-1.3%, zeta potential from -40 to -85 mV, and which has the ability to form free-dispersed systems with high colloidal stability of particles and is capable of fractionation with a narrow particle size distribution from 3 to 1700 nm. 2. A synthetic diamond-containing substance containing carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen, characterized in that it contains elements in the following ratio, wt.%: Carbon 97.5-98.5 Hydrogen 0.09-0.2 Nitrogen 0.3-0.5 Oxygen 0.6-1.0 including non-diamond carbon in the range of 0.2-5%, as well as metal impurities of 0.5-0.8%, zeta potential from 0 to -75 mV and which has the ability to form free-dispersed systems with high colloidal stability of particles and is capable of fractionation with a narrow particle size distribution from 3 to 8000 nm. 3. A method for isolating synthetic diamond-containing substances, comprising treating nanodiamond powders sequentially in several stages with boiling solvents, followed by removal of solvents and drying the powder, characterized in that the dry nanodiamond powder obtained from a mixture of explosives Trinitrotoluene-RDX or Graphite hexogen ”and use organic solvents, observing the processing sequence from hydrophobic to hydrophilic so that the previous solvent dissolves well I subsequently.

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