RU2304939C1 - Device for fixing rubber dam - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: device has single-use plastic arch structure having two lateral arches bound with monolith connection to internal and external arch ends, horizontal rods and U-shaped rod structure having monolith connection to external arch ends. Upper ends of arches have monolith spinous teeth and thickenings having holes, placed between them. Horizontal monolith spinous teeth are available in lower device part.

EFFECT: reliable tooth insulation from humidity; free access to tooth surface in the vicinity of dentogingival sulcus.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medical equipment, namely to dental practice for isolating teeth from oral and gingival fluid.

Almost all dental manipulations in the treatment and prosthetics of teeth should be carried out in isolation from a humid environment. Treatment of root canals, fixation of various types of fixed prostheses and direct aesthetic restoration of teeth need a dry surface for a long time [1].

The relevance of this problem increases with prolonged direct restorations of teeth with composite materials and filling of hard tooth tissues in the area of the gingival margin of the gum, where isolation from gingival fluid is difficult.

Careful isolation from the oral and gingival fluid creates favorable conditions for working in the root canals, contributes to a longer fixation of fixed dentures, increases the life of the filling and restoration [2].

Also, during prolonged work in the oral cavity, the patient's chewing muscles are in constant static tension, causing discomfort, and the mouth begins to close slowly, which creates an inconvenience to the doctor.

Given the above, in medical practice, a number of materials and tools for this purpose are created.

The use of rubber sheets such as raberdam and rubber dam is a reliable protection of the working surface of the restored tooth from moisture in the oral cavity.

These materials are fixed in the oral cavity with the help of flakes or rubber bands that pass between the teeth and fix the damber [3].

The disadvantage of this attachment is the inability to release the tooth from the rabber to the gingival margin on the vestibular and oral surfaces.

The closest in technical essence are metal spring clamps, which are attached to the tooth from the oral and vestibular surfaces [3]. Using these clasps, it is possible to push the rabber dam to almost the edge of the gingival surface.

However, the use of these clasps is impossible on teeth with carious cavities reaching the gingival surface and entering under the gum, and when filling the root canals with a broken crown of the tooth to the gingival margin. Since retraction of the gum from the vestibular and oral sides occurs unevenly, it is often impossible to apply a rabber dam so that the entire working surface is released.

The aim of the invention is the reliable isolation of the tooth from moisture in the oral cavity with uneven retraction of the gingival margin of the tooth, the release of the tooth surface in the region of the gingival groove.

This goal is achieved by an activating device that is worn on one of the jaws or a group of teeth of one jaw. If a rabber dam is put on the teeth of the lower jaw, then the lower edge of the device reaches the bottom of the oral cavity from the lingual side and the transitional fold from the vestibular side, thereby pulling the rabber dam, pulling the movable mucous membrane surrounding the neck of the tooth. This is acceptable for the upper jaw.

The device on the teeth of the antagonists of the opposite jaw is activated by means of an elastic wire frame.

Figure 1 shows a device consisting of a disposable plastic construction that runs parallel to the alveolar ridge from the lingual side of the lower jaw or the palatine side of the upper jaw, as well as from the vestibular surfaces of one of the jaws.

The device is a space-arch construction made of an elastic-elastic material integrally, including two lateral arches 1, covering teeth, and an alveolar ridge from the inside and outside.

In the upper part of the side arches there are monolithically made spike-like protrusions 2 located at an angle of 30 degrees to the vertical axis on the inner and outer parts of the arches. Between these spike-like protrusions are two monolithically made with a thickening device 3.

In the lower part of the device contains integral solid sharp spike projections 4 located horizontally.

Figure 2 shows the device, a top view. The inner and outer ends of the enclosing arcs are monolithically connected with horizontal rods 5, which provide tight contact with the mucous membrane of the alveolar ridge of one of the jaws. In addition, the outer ends of the arcs are also monolithically connected with the rod structure 6 of the U-shaped. On the monolithic thickenings 3 there are holes 7 for fixing the activating element.

The activating element of figure 3 is made of stainless steel in the form of a spring device 8 with elastic elements in its upper part 9.

A device for tensioning a rabber dame is used as follows. The perforated rabber ladies are put on a group of teeth so that the restored tooth is in the middle of this group. A device is placed on top of the ladies' rabber (selected according to the size of the teeth and the structure of the jaw). Using a spring element, it is activated on the teeth of the opposite jaw so that the inner edge of the arc touches the teeth. After that, they take the lady’s rabber with the fingers on the oral side and pull it back, pressing the gingival margin to the bone structure. After sufficient tension, fix it by a spiky protrusion. The same procedure is carried out from the vestibular side. As a result, we obtain a reliably isolated tooth from the oral and subgingival fluid, the gingival margin of the gum is pressed against the bone structure of the jaw.

The proposed device is used in therapeutic and orthopedic dentistry to create a dry tooth surface on which dental interventions are performed.

The technical advantages of the new holding device for fixing the damber dam are as follows:

- allows you to use a damber with any localization of the cavity on the tooth;

- allows the use of a damber dam on a tooth with a broken crown part (tooth root);

- It is a reliable protection against both intraoral fluid and subgingival exudate;

- protects the mouth from reflex closure during prolonged dental procedures;

- does not injure the mucosa of the alveolar ridge.

Information sources

1. Lars E.M., Sven A.T. Step-by-step description of direct fillin therapy, inlays, onlays and veneers. Sweden 1995.

2. Reinhardt W. Cofferdam in endodontics. Quintessence No. 2. 1995.

3. Klementyeva I., Uryasheva N. Kofferdam - one more step to perfection. DentArt No. 1. 1998.

Claims (1)

A device for fixing a lady’s rabber, consisting of a disposable plastic arched structure, characterized in that the arched structure includes two lateral arches connected horizontally to the inner and outer ends of the arcs and the U-shaped rod structure to be connected to the outer ends of the arches, in this case, in the upper part of the arches, spike-like protrusions and thickenings with openings located between them are integral, and in the lower part of the device, spike-like protrusions are integral aspolozhennye horizontally.

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