RU2304033C1 - Method for forming beads on tube blanks by rolling off - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: rotary plastic working of materials, possibly forming beads on tubular blanks.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises steps of imparting rotation to blank; providing tool rotation simultaneously with rotation of blank due to contact friction between tool and blank; performing local deformation of blank by means of deforming tool in the form of roller; placing roller with possibility of rotation and turning relative to blank axis; performing deformation by two stages; at first stage performing rotary upsetting of blank by means of roller by angle 15 - 40° relative to blank axis for forming truncated cone; at second stage deforming truncated cone by positive motion of roller by angle 40 - 75° relative to blank axis.

EFFECT: enhanced mechanical properties of article, lowered cost of working blank for deforming, enlarged manufacturing possibilities of method.

4 dwg, 1 ex, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of rotational processing of materials by pressure, in particular, to the manufacture of collars on the forming part of cylindrical billets, including pipe, by rolling with deforming rollers.

A known method of mechanical rolling of shoulders on cylindrical workpieces. [Forging and stamping: Handbook in 4 volumes / Ed. Advice: E.I.Semenov et al. // M .: Mechanical Engineering, 1987. - T.3. Cold forging / Ed. G.A.Navrotsky. - S. 350-355]. The method includes deformation of the end part of the tube stock brought into rotation by an inclined deformation roll moving progressively along the axis of the workpiece. The method is used for rolling the shoulders on the end of the workpiece. Obtaining this method of collars on the middle forming part of the tubular billet is impossible, due to the movement of the deformation roll and, accordingly, the deforming force along the axis of the billet.

A known method of producing stepped shafts, selected for the prototype [and.with. USSR No. 1773539]. In the method, the cylindrical workpiece is deformed by a fixed wedge tool, moving the workpiece using two drive support rollers and its rotation due to contact friction between the surfaces of the wedge tool and the workpiece. The disadvantage of this method is that the structure of the collar metal remains undeformed and therefore less durable than the material of the rest of the deformed part of the part. In addition, the size of the diameter of the resulting collar does not exceed the size of the diameter of the original billet. Therefore, to obtain products with a given diameter of the collar by a known method requires the preparation of a larger diameter than the proposed. This entails high costs for pre-processing the workpiece for deformation, including the cutting of a bar or pipe to measured workpieces. The method has limited technological capabilities in relation to the diameter D _B collar to diameter D _{In the} sleeve part:

The objective of the invention is to improve the mechanical properties of the shoulders, reducing the cost of processing the workpiece under deformation and expanding the technological capabilities of the method.

A method for producing collars on tubular billets by rolling is proposed, which includes a message about the rotation of the workpiece, providing synchronous rotation of the workpiece and tool due to contact friction between the surfaces of the tool and the workpiece and local deformation of the workpiece by a deforming tool. As a deforming tool, a roller is used, mounted with the possibility of rotation and rotation relative to the axis of the workpiece. Deformation is carried out in two stages: at the first stage, the workpiece is rotated upside down by a roller at an angle α ₁ to the axis of the workpiece, where 15 ° <α ₁ <40 °, and a truncated cone is formed on the deformable part of the preform, and a truncated cone of the workpiece is deformed by forced movement of the roller at an angle of 40 ° <α ₂ <75 ° to the axis of the workpiece.

The materiality of the hallmarks.

Deformation is performed in two stages. Rotational upsetting of a workpiece by a roller at an angle α ₁ at the first stage of deformation provides the possibility of obtaining a workpiece in the form of a truncated cone. Preliminary deformation of the workpiece occurs, which improves the structure of the metal and its mechanical properties. Moving the roller in the second stage at an angle α ₂ provides the possibility of obtaining a shoulder on the forming part of the workpiece with larger diametric dimensions than the original workpiece. The final formation of the structure and mechanical properties of the shoulder occurs. Due to the new angle α ₂ , intense metal flow occurs in both radial and axial directions. In this case, the radial flow of the metal provides a radial collar in the middle part of the workpiece, and the metal flow in the axial direction leads to the formation of the sleeve part of the part.

Thus, in the proposed method at the first stage of deformation of the workpiece, the process of rotational upsetting of the tubular part of the workpiece is implemented, and at the second stage, the process of radial-axial rotational extrusion is implemented. Only a set of distinctive features allows us to solve the problem.

The invention is illustrated graphic material.

The diagram of the first stage of deformation is presented in figures 1, 2.

Figure 1 - installation of the workpiece at the required height h _{D of the} deformable part and the supply of the deforming roller at a given angle α ₁ to the axis of the workpiece.

Figure 2 - image of the deformation of the exposed part of the workpiece and the formation of the workpiece in the form of a truncated cone.

The scheme of the second stage of deformation is presented in figure 3, 4.

Figure 3 - image of the supply of the deforming roller at an angle α ₂ to the axis of the workpiece in the middle part of the workpiece.

Figure 4 - the final formation of the product.

In figures 1 and 2 presents a diagram that discloses the proposed method, where 1 is a deforming roller mounted with the possibility of tilt to the axis of the formed product; 2 - drive matrix; 3 - tubular billet; 4 - ejector; 5 - pusher support.

The inventive method is as follows. The stage of pre-deformation is illustrated by the diagram shown in figures 1 and 2. As the deforming tool used roller 1. The deforming roller 1 is installed at an angle α ₁ to the axis of the drive matrix 2. The original tubular billet 3 is put on the rod part of the ejector 4 and installed in the drive matrix 2 to the required height h _D deformable part of the workpiece. The support of the ejector 5 is brought to the ejector 4 and is brought into contact with it to increase the rigidity of the workpiece-tool system (Fig. 1). The drive matrix 2 with the workpiece 3 is brought into rotation, the deformation roller 1 is led to the workpiece 3, move it at a specified angle α ₁ and thus carry out the process of preliminary deformation of the workpiece 3 (figure 2). In the process of deformation, the exposed part of the tubular billet takes the form of a truncated cone. The shape of the truncated cone creates favorable conditions for the subsequent formation of a shoulder in the middle part of the workpiece.

In the second stage of deformation of the workpiece, the angle of inclination of the deformation roller 1 relative to the axis of the drive matrix 2, and therefore the axis of the workpiece 3, is changed by an angle α ₂ (Fig. 3). The deforming roller 1 is again brought to the formed conical surface of the workpiece 3 at an angle α ₂ and thus the process of final formation of the product is carried out (Fig. 4).

Due to the new angle α ₂ , intense metal flow occurs in both radial and axial directions. In this case, the radial metal flow provides a radial collar in the middle part of the part, and the metal flow in the axial direction leads to the formation of its sleeve part.

где h_К - высота формируемого конуса, D_В - диаметр втулочной части детали. Применение углов α₂ менее 40° ограничивает длину формируемой втулочной части детали соотношением

где l_В - длина втулочной части детали, D_Б - диаметр бурта. Использование углов α₂ более 75° затрудняет течение металла в радиальном направлении и ограничивает размеры формируемых буртов на срединной части заготовки соотношением

When the angle α ₁ between the deforming roller 1 and the axis of the drive matrix 2 is less than 15 °, deformation occurs in the radial direction of the predominantly end part of the workpiece. Angles α ₁ greater than 40 ° impede the flow of metal in the axial direction, which limits the height dimensions of the formed cone within

where h _K is the height of the formed cone, D _B is the diameter of the sleeve part of the part. The use of angles α ₂ less than 40 ° limits the length of the formed sleeve part of the part by the ratio

where l _In - the length of the sleeve part of the part, D _B - the diameter of the shoulder. The use of angles α ₂ greater than 75 ° complicates the flow of metal in the radial direction and limits the size of the formed collars in the middle part of the workpiece by the ratio

An example implementation of the method.

The proposed method received parts with dimensions shown in the table.

The table indicates:

α ₁ , α ₂ - the angles between the deforming roller and the axis of the drive matrix;

h _B - shoulder height;

D _B - the diameter of the shoulder;

D _BH - inner diameter of the workpiece and part;

D _In - the outer diameter of the sleeve part;

l _In - the length of the sleeve part;

D _zag is the outer diameter of the workpiece.

The workpiece material is steel 10.

Table The proposed method Prototype α ₁ ,
hail α ₂ ,
hail h _B
mm D _B
mm D _BH ,
mm D _B
mm l _In
mm D _zag
mm

D _zag
mm

fifteen 40 5 63 25 37 39 40 1.7 63 1.1-1.3 60 5 60 25 37 44 40 1,6 60 1.1-1.3 75 5 57 25 37 46 40 1,5 57 1.1-1.3 25 40 5 64 25 35 23 40 1.8 64 1.1-1.3 60 5 60 25 35 27 40 1.7 60 1.1-1.3 75 5 56 25 35 29th 40 1,6 56 1.1-1.3 40 40 5 66 25 32 fifteen 40 2.1 66 1.1-1.3 60 5 60 25 32 17 40 1.9 60 1.1-1.3 75 5 55 25 32 19 40 1.7 55 1.1-1.3

When rolling parts with the specified dimensions used tubular workpieces. At the first stage of deformation, the blanks were rotationally upset with a deforming roller at an angle α ₁ to the axis of the workpiece, where 15 ° <α ₁ <40 °. At the same time, a truncated cone was formed on the deformable part of the preforms.

At the second stage, the truncated cone of the workpiece was deformed by a roller at an angle of inclination α ₂ , where 40 ° <α ₂ <75 °. At the time of final formation, the parts acquired the necessary dimensions of the shoulder and the sleeve part.

As a result of collar deformation, randomly oriented crystals of the workpiece turned with the axes of greatest strength along the direction of deformation and ensured the optimal arrangement of the material fibers to the stresses operating during operation.

The outer diameter of the workpiece decreased compared with the prototype from 55 ÷ 66 mm to 40 mm

т.е. расширяются технологические возможности способа. Отношение диаметра D_Б бурта к диаметру D_В втулочной части детали увеличилось по сравнению с прототипом с

до

The deformation scheme in two stages allows producing parts of complex shape according to the proposed method, including tubular products with shaped collars in the middle part with a ratio of diameter D _B collar to diameter D _{In the} sleeve part of the part

those. expanding the technological capabilities of the method. The ratio of the diameter D _{B the} collar to the diameter D _{In the} sleeve part of the part has increased compared with the prototype with

before

Claims (1)

A method of producing collars on tubular billets by rolling, including a message about rotation of the workpiece providing synchronous rotation of the tool with the workpiece due to contact friction between the tool and the workpiece and local deformation of the workpiece by a deforming tool, characterized in that a roller mounted for rotation is used as a deforming tool and rotation relative to the axis of the workpiece, while the local deformation of the workpiece is carried out in two stages, the first of which drive rotary landing workpiece roller at an angle α ₁ of the axis of the workpiece to form at the deformable portion of the workpiece a truncated cone, and the second phase deform said truncated cone by means of forced displacement roller at an angle α _{2 of} the workpiece axis where 15 ° <α ₁ <40 ° , and 40 ° <α ₂ <75 °.

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