RU2302596C1 - Method of cleaning inner sides of heating apparatus for central heat supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat supply systems.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises supplying pulses of pressurized air and discharging contaminated liquid. The heating apparatus to be cleaned is connected with the air hydraulic pulse unit through flexible hose. The compressed air pulses are generated in the air receiver by means of gradual opening of the valve that is spring-loaded and has varying area of the cross-section. As a result, the expanding air is intensively mixed with water thus removing contaminations from the surface of heating apparatus.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency and reliability.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the cleaning of the inner surface of central heating appliances and adjacent pipelines and can be used in utilities for cleaning central heating radiators and risers, autonomous heating systems.

The formation of deposits in heating systems leads to a decrease in the heat transfer coefficient and a violation of the calculated hydraulic modes of the system. This in turn increases fuel consumption and the cost of maintaining the required temperature in heated rooms.

Known methods of cleaning pipelines with jets of a working agent, chemicals (ed. St. USSR No. 578128, B08B 9/04, 1977) are dangerous and expensive with frequent use and ineffective over long distances. The use of the cable is accompanied by violations of labor protection and sanitary hygiene requirements.

A known method of cleaning the inner surface of pipelines from contamination, based on the creation of air-pulse effects in the fluid filling the cleaned pipeline (US patent No. 19988902, CL BV 9/00, 1967). Kinetic hydraulic ram (pneumatic ram) uses a portion of compressed air, which sharply hits a column of water in a blocked pipe.

A kinetic shock wave, propagating along a column of water in a pipe 98% longitudinally (only 2% acts on the side walls), quickly (in a matter of seconds) removes the cork and leaches particles of contaminants. The shock wave formed by the ram immediately passes through the spirals of 60 m, without losing its strength, just like in a straight pipe.

The known method implemented by the known device is intended mainly for cleaning water and sewer pipes.

A known method of cleaning the inner surface of pipelines from pollution and a device for its implementation (see RF patent No. 2179082). This invention is taken as a prototype. In the known method of cleaning the inner surface of pipelines from contamination, which includes generating shock waves in a fluid filling a pipeline to be cleaned, by applying high pressure pulses of compressed air and draining contaminated liquid, a shock wave is generated in the immediate vicinity of the pipeline in the hydraulic unit, and filling the pipeline the working fluid and the discharge of contaminants are also carried out through the valve body in one closed cycle.

The task facing the authors was to create a highly effective method for cleaning central heating appliances and their systems, affordable and convenient for widespread use, including for prevention. The technical result from the use of the invention is to increase the efficiency and reliability of cleaning, eliminating the possibility of extrusion of intersectional gaskets in the batteries and rupture of the batteries with water hammer.

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result of the proposed method when using the known method adopted as a prototype include the fact that the cleaning process is accompanied by the use of many auxiliary devices, while there is a danger that kinetic hydraulic shock leads to extrusion of inter-section gaskets and destruction of cast-iron radiators.

The task and technical result are achieved by new technical solutions that are in causal connection with the technical result.

The essence of the claimed method is expressed in the totality of the following features.

The method of cleaning the internal surfaces of central heating appliances from pollution includes a smooth supply of compressed air pulses under pressure and the discharge of contaminated liquid. Distinctive features of the prototype are the following:

- The heater to be cleaned is connected to the airborne hydro-impulse complex with a flexible damping hose.

- Carries out smooth supply of pulses of compressed air from an air tank of large capacity, by smoothly opening the valve with spring-loading with a change in the area of its bore in a non-linear characteristic.

- In this case, there is active mixing of expanding air and water (bubbling) and detachment under the influence of this process of pollution from the surface and the formation of suspended matter, as evidenced by the results of laboratory tests.

- Drain contaminated suspension through a three-way valve into the sewer.

- The method consists of cycles, including the steps: exposure - drain.

The above set of essential features in comparison with the prior art allows us to conclude that the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty."

At the same time, the set of distinguishing features leading to the solution of the problem, does not explicitly follow from the prior art, therefore, the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of "inventive step".

Figure 1 shows schematically an air hydro-impulse complex for cleaning the inner surfaces of central heating devices connected to a central heating device.

Figure 2 is a graph of the effect of pressure of a portion of air on the walls of the heating device and heating system.

Figure 3 - schematically a pressure valve (key 8).

The graph of figure 2 shows: the axis on which the cycles are indicated - pos.14; the axis on which the working pressure P in atmospheres and the pressure change are indicated - pos.15; a curve showing the first stage of the first cycle of supplying a portion of air - pos.16: a curve reflecting the second stage of the first cycle - discharge of contaminated liquid - pos.17. A curve showing the first stage of the second cycle of supplying a portion of air - pos. 18; a curve representing the second stage of the second cycle - the discharge of contaminated liquid - pos.19. Further cycles are repeated.

The air hydraulic pulse complex (hereinafter VGIK) according to RF patent No. 45313 consists of a pneumatic tank 1 of increased volume with a source of 2 compressed air, nozzles 3 and 4, a hydraulic unit 13, a three-way ball valve 6, a drain pipe 7. The pneumatic tank 1 is a hollow tank of an increased volume, contains a pressure valve 8.

The nozzles 3, 4 are connected to a three-way ball valve 6. The nozzle 4 is also connected to a hydraulic unit 13 containing a plug 9, a nipple 12 and a ball valve 5. The source of compressed air 2 can be a compressor with a pressure of 5-15 atm. The pipe 4 is a flexible hose that connects the VGIK with the heater of the heating system. A flexible hose allows to reduce the amplitude of the shock wave: ΔР = ρ · a · V, where

ΔР is the amplitude of the shock wave;

ρ is the density of the medium;

a is the velocity of the shock wave;

V is the velocity of the medium.

Further, the method is as follows. Gently open the pressure valve 8 by pressing the stem 26 in the direction of arrow A.

In the process of smooth opening of the valve, a large portion of compressed air from the VGIK air reservoir (pos. 1) enters the cleaned heater (pos. 11), where there is active mixing of air and water and separation of contaminants from the inner surface of the heating system - the first cleaning step (pos. .16, first cycle). At the second 31 stage of cleaning (pos.17, the first cycle), contaminated water (suspension) is discharged using a three-way tap (pos.6) into the sewer. In the proposed cleaning method, the optimal values of the exposure time and discharge of contaminated water are selected. With optimal values of the time for the discharge of contaminated water with a decrease in pressure, there is an active expansion of air mixed with water and its effect on deposits accumulated on the inner surface of the heating appliance - this is the peculiarity of the proposed cleaning method, which allows to achieve the technical result.

The design of the VGIK valve (Fig. 3) allows for a smooth opening of the valve shut-off element (key 25), if there is a valve seat design (key 24) with a variable passage area in non-linear characteristic and the presence of a spring (key 23) (in relatively a short period of time), release a portion of air under pressure. The effect of this pressure on the walls of heating devices and pipes of the heating system is characterized by a value of 2 atm at the starting action (figure 2, pos. 16) and a value of 1 atm during further work (figure 2, pos. 18). The increase in pressure occurs relatively smoothly, there is no sharp impact (water hammer). Since after the action the crane (pos. 6) switches to the suspension suspension almost immediately, the process of exposure to increased pressure on the walls of the heater is also smooth and short-lived, which achieves the set technical result.

The whole cleaning method includes several cycles (pos. 20, 21, 22): exposure - discharge, the number of cycles depends on the degree of contamination of the heating device and the system as a whole. The optimal values of the exposure time - discharge, selected in the proposed method, and alternating one after the other cycles of exposure can improve the quality of treatment.

Thus, the foregoing information indicates the possibility of using the invention in the form as described in the claims using the known and proposed tools and methods described in the application. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "industrially applicable" under applicable law.

The proposed method, in addition to its inherent advantages of cleaning the heating devices of heating systems in a matter of minutes, provides effective and high-quality cleaning when the working conditions and environmental conditions are met.

The scope is wide - from the central heating systems of residential buildings, including individual, social facilities - schools, kindergartens, hospitals, to buildings of industrial enterprises.

According to the proposed method developed technical documentation, Experimental tests gave very positive results.

Claims (1)

A method of cleaning the inner surface of central heating devices, including supplying air pulses under pressure and discharging contaminated liquid, characterized in that the device to be cleaned is connected to the air hydraulic pulse complex with a flexible hose, then compressed air pulses are smoothly fed from the air reservoir of the air hydraulic pulse complex smooth opening of the valve with springing and with a variable area of its bore in non-linear characteristics e, this involves the active mixing of the expanding air and water and the separation of contaminants under the influence of this process from the surface of the heating device, the formation of a contaminated suspension that is discharged through a three-way valve into the sewer, and the method consists of cycles including the steps of: exposure - discharge.

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