RU2301308C1 - Composite icicle formation prevention device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction, particularly special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings, namely building ventilation systems to prevent ice and icicle formation on roof edges.

SUBSTANCE: device has heat pipes having evaporation sections arranged in exhaust air vent channel (airway) and condensation sections secured under grain pipes and gutters of building roof. Heat pipes have flexible sections connecting condensation and evaporation sections and provided with inner flexible wicks. Flexible heat pipe section is fastened to condensation and evaporation sections by means of plug-type connectors built in condensation and evaporation sections. Evaporation zone of heat pipe comprises filling pipe with shutoff valve.

EFFECT: increased heat pipe assemblage convenience and prevention of attic room and passageway obstruction.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to air ventilation systems in buildings and can be used to prevent icing of the edges of the roof of buildings and the formation of icicles.

A device for the utilization of thermal energy in air conditioning systems containing a heater and heat pipes, each of which is located in the ducts of external and exhaust air, the last of which is equipped with a casing into which the ends of the heat pipes are inserted [1].

The disadvantage of this device is the low reliability of its operation.

A device is known for the utilization of thermal energy in air conditioning systems, comprising a heater and heat pipes, each of which is located in the ducts of the external and exhaust air, the last of which is provided with a casing into which the ends of the heat pipes are introduced, and the casing is connected to the outdoor duct by means of supply and exhaust channels air, and the heater is installed in the inlet channel of the casing [2].

The disadvantage of this device is the increased consumption of thermal energy during the freezing of heat pipes.

A device for preventing icing of the edges of the roof and the formation of icicles, comprising a roof heater, which is an electric cable distributed over the roof area. The heater provides heating of the roof and provides a constant drain of melt water [3].

The disadvantage of this device is the high energy consumption for heating the roof, i.e. its low profitability.

The closest in technical essence (prototype) to the claimed device is a device for preventing icing of the roof edge and the formation of icicles, containing a roof heater made in the form of heat pipes, the evaporation zones of which are located in the ventilation duct, and the condensation zones are fixed under the gutters and gutters of the roof [ four].

The disadvantages of the known prototype device are the design features of heat pipes, which suggest their factory production and naturally defined standard sizes. When installing such heat pipes on specific buildings, it may be difficult to select heat pipes of a certain size. The manufacture of each heat pipe of a certain size (and configuration with certain bends) will significantly increase their cost of manufacturing and delivery from the manufacturer. In addition, when using the prototype device, all the attic rooms and passages will be cluttered with heat pipes and thereby violate the fire safety rules for the operation of attics.

These disadvantages of the prototype set the task of significantly reducing the cost of manufacturing and installing heat pipes in buildings, as well as installing heat pipes without cluttering the rooms and passages of attics.

This task is achieved by the fact that in the device for preventing the formation of icicles, containing a roof heater, made in the form of heat pipes, the evaporation zones of which are located in the ventilation duct, and the condensation zones are fixed under the gutters and roof gutters, the heat pipes themselves are made up of zones (sections ) evaporation and condensation, between which there are flexible (for example, from metal plastic) pipes with an internal wick along their entire length, the evaporation section contains a filling nozzle, and the evaporation zones I heat pipes are placed in the ventilation duct under the roof (roof covering), and the heat pipes themselves are attached from below to the roof (roof covering).

The implementation of heat pipes as constituent of the zones (sections) of evaporation and condensation, between which there are flexible pipes made of metal-plastic, is necessary for the preparation and direct installation of heat pipes in place (in a specific attic), just as, for example, the installation of split systems of air conditioners is carried out. At first, adjustment is made at the place of installation of the flexible pipe, then its cutting (according to the required size) and installation on its ends (ends) of standard zones (sections) of evaporation and condensation, for example, using connectors (bends) similar to those used for metal-plastic pipes in plumbing. After that, the heat pipe is charged with the working fluid (together with checking the latter for leaks).

The implementation of a flexible pipe with an internal wick along its entire length is necessary to simplify the assembly and installation of the heat pipe at the installation site. The wick should be an integral part of the flexible pipe (fixed in the factory) and cut off with the flexible pipe when installing the heat pipe.

The filling nozzle in the heat pipe evaporation section is necessary for the convenience of filling the heat pipe with a working fluid, as well as for the convenience of servicing both a single heat pipe and a bundle of heat pipes located in one exhaust duct of the exhaust air. Access to the ventilation duct is always more open than to the sections of the roof at its edges and at the gutters, especially since all the heat pipes converge to the ventilation ducts of the exhaust air. The filling nozzle can be similar to the filling nozzle of split systems of air conditioners.

The location of the zones (sections) of evaporation of the heat pipes in the ventilation duct of the exhaust air under the roof (roof covering) is necessary to ensure free passage through the attic and to avoid cluttering the attics (especially passages) with installed heat pipes.

Installation of heat pipes, their direct mounting from the bottom to the roof (for example, to the rafter system and its wooden crate) is necessary for the optimal location of heat pipes in the attic and also to ensure easy passage through the attic.

Thus, the implementation of the inventive device in accordance with the features of the claims is new to devices for preventing the formation of icicles, which meets the criterion of "novelty."

The above set of features is not currently known from the prior art and does not follow from well-known rules for the construction of icicles preventing devices, which proves compliance with the criterion of "inventive step".

The constructive implementation of devices to prevent the formation of icicles with the indicated set of features does not present any structural, technical and technological difficulties, hence the compliance with the criterion of "industrial applicability" follows.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of the proposed device.

In Fig.2 is an enlarged leader 1 of Fig.1 (condensation zone of a composite heat pipe).

Figure 3 is an enlarged leader 2 of figure 1 (the evaporation zone of the composite heat pipe with a filling fitting).

The device contains heat pipes 1, evaporation zones 2 of which are located in the exhaust duct (duct) 3 of exhaust air, and condensation zones 4 of heat pipes 1 are fixed under drains 5 and grooves 6 of roof 7. In the process of precipitation in winter, snow accumulates on roof 7 masses 8, which under the influence of heat fluxes through the floors 9 of the building turn into melt water flowing down to the cold gutters 6 and drains 5. As a result, ice, ice ridges and icicles form. Between the zones (sections) of evaporation 2 and condensation 4, the heat pipes 1 are made in the form of a flexible (for example, metal-plastic) pipe with an internal flexible wick. The flexible pipe with the internal wick is connected to the evaporation 2 and condensation 4 zones (sections) using the connectors 10 built into the latter, similar to those used, for example, for plastic pipes in plumbing. The zone (section) of evaporation 2 of the heat pipe contains a filling nozzle 11 with a shut-off valve, for example, a similar filling nozzle for split-systems of air conditioners. The peculiarity of the location of the zones (sections) of evaporation of 2 heat pipes 1 in the exhaust duct (duct) 3 of the exhaust air is that they are located under the roof 7. This allows easy passage through the attic and eliminates clutter of attics and especially passages with installed heat pipes 1. Flexible heat pipes 1 are also attached under the roof 7, for example, to the rafter system and its wooden crate 12 using fasteners 13.

The device operates as follows.

Warm air from the building’s premises through the ventilation holes enters the exhaust duct (duct) 3 of the exhaust air. Moving through the duct 3, the air flows wash the evaporation zones 2 of the heat pipes 1. The absorbed heat in the evaporation zone 2 is transferred to the condensation zone 4 of the heat pipes 1, where it is subsequently transferred to the roof sections by heat conduction and convection. As a result of the supply of heat to the gutters 6 and the drains 5 of the roof 7, the ice ridges formed on them melt, ice and icicles. Thus, the flow path of meltwater remains free at any time and at any temperature.

This device allows to obtain a technical result, consisting in a significant reduction in the cost of manufacturing and installation of heat pipes in buildings, as well as in improving the convenience of installing heat pipes without cluttering the rooms and passages of attics.

Literature

1. A.S. USSR No. 840602, M. cl. F24F 5/00, 1979

2. A.S. USSR No. 1043430, M. cl. F24F 5/00, 1983

3. Gagarina T. The recipe for a roofing pie / Modern House, 2002, No. 4, p. 48-54.

4. RF patent No. 2237220, IPC ⁷ F24F 5/00, 2004

Claims (2)

1. A composite device for preventing the formation of icicles, comprising a roof heater made in the form of heat pipes, the evaporation zones of which are located in the ventilation duct, and the condensation zones are fixed under the gutters and roof gutters, characterized in that the heat pipes are made up of integral zones of evaporation and condensation between which there are flexible pipes with an internal wick along their entire length, and the evaporation zone contains a filling nozzle. 2. A composite device for preventing the formation of icicles according to claim 1, characterized in that the evaporation zones of the heat pipes are located in the ventilation channel under the roof, and the heat pipes themselves are attached from below to the roof.

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