RU2300503C2 - Megacity waste waters sludge salvaging system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: environmental protection; public health engineering; the systems for megacities waste waters sludge salvaging.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the public health engineering and may be used at megacities waste waters sludge salvaging. The system including the subsystem of the sludge salvaging is in addition supplied with at least one block of the reserve storage hopper of the dehydrated sludge, one block of transportation of the ash, one polygon for the sludge burial ground disposal, one sub-system of the sludge treatment, one highway linking the reserve storage hopper of the sludge salvaging subsystem with the polygons for the sludge burial ground disposal. It is possible to include the additional sub-system of the sludge salvaging disposal located in other basin of the megacity sewerage system. The system may be added with the blocks of the dehydrated sludge loading in the sludge salvaging subsystems including the receiving apparatus. At that the hoppers of the sludge treatment subsystems by means of the blocks of transportation are linked to the receiving apparatus of the sludge salvaging subsystem. The highway can link among themselves the sludge salvaging subsystem to the additional sludge salvaging subsystems. It is possible to use the megacity encircling highway for transportation of the sludge and ash. The megacity waste waters sludge and ash salvaging system may be added with the subsystem of the special motor transport including the transportations control block and the block of manufacture of the building materials out of the ash.

EFFECT: the invention ensures successful operation of the megacity waste waters sludge and ash salvaging system.

11 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of sanitary engineering and can be used in the disposal of municipal and industrial wastewater sludge from large populated areas (megacities).

A district waste water disposal system is known, including gravity gravity non-pressure sewage networks, sewage pumping stations built on the site of village treatment facilities, pressure sewage networks through which sewage is delivered to the district treatment facilities. District treatment facilities contain a subsystem for the centralized treatment and disposal of sewage sludge (see Zhukov A.I. Sewerage. - 4th ed., Reprocessing and add. - M.: Stroyizdat, 1969. - 256 p., Fig. 1.6).

The known system provides for centralized wastewater treatment and treatment of district rainfall. For this purpose, all wastewater of the district is pumped to one point of their treatment. Due to the high cost of wastewater treatment at small treatment plants, this system is the most suitable for district drainage systems and drainage systems of small compact cities. However, in megacities where wastewater pumping is the main cost item for wastewater, its use will lead to a significant increase in the cost of wastewater disposal.

This disadvantage was partially eliminated in the well-known complex of local wastewater treatment, containing a wastewater treatment system with sediment extraction, and a tank into which they are supplied in an undehydrated form. The system contains special motor vehicles that transport accumulated sediments for burial or centralized treatment (see Yakovlev S.V., Voronov Yu.V. Wastewater and wastewater treatment / Textbook for high schools: - M .: ASV, 2002. - 704 p., fig. 23.10).

The known system provides for centralized treatment of non-dehydrated sludge. For this purpose, they are transported to one point of their processing. Compared to pumping all wastewater, sediment transportation volumes are reduced by about 30-50 times. However, in the conditions of megacities, their transportation will also make up the bulk of the cost of water disposal. At the same time, transportation of precipitation in significant volumes in the village is environmentally unsafe.

These drawbacks have been eliminated in the wastewater sludge dewatering system, which includes at least one dewatering production line comprising a sludge metering pump with a drive, a suction pipe connected to a sludge tank, a sludge feed pipe, a flocculant metering pump with a drive suction a pipeline connected to the solution containers of the flocculant solution, a pressure pipe of the flocculant solution, a centrifuge with a drum and a screw, a dehydrated sludge pump, and a feed pipe sludge gadfly and pressure pipe of the flocculant solution are connected to a centrifuge. The system is equipped with a hopper with at least one loading device configured to supply sludge to the pumps with dehydrated sludge and an unloading bottom containing an unloading opening with an overlapping device installed on it, at least one horizontal auger with a drive installed with the possibility of transporting dehydrated sludge to the discharge opening. At the same time, the unloading opening is located within the unloading bottom area, and its minimum cross-sectional size is not less than 400 mm. (see patent for utility model No. 36826, MPK С02F 11/00 11/12. Wastewater sludge treatment system / F.V. Karmazinov, V.I. Tsvetkov, Yu.A. Ilyin, BCIgnatchik, etc. Priority dated November 20, 2003).

In this system, the amount of precipitation after dehydration (compared with the previous system) decreases by 10-15 times. However, in a metropolis, it still remains significant. Considering that the sewage sludge from megacities, which include industrial enterprises, cannot be used as fertilizers, they are sent for burial. Landfill sites of megacities reach large sizes, which has a negative impact on the environment, and their construction and reclamation constitute a significant part of the cost of water disposal.

The closest analogue (prototype) to the claimed invention is a system for the disposal of sewage sludge, including the following blocks:

BUT)

1) preparation for dehydration, including at least a reservoir of sludge;

2) dewatering, including at least one dewatering production line containing a sludge metering pump with a drive, with a suction pipe on which a concentration sensor is mounted, and a pressure pipe connected to a sludge supply pipe on which a slurry flow meter and a steam ejector are mounted with a suction pipe, a flocculant metering pump with a drive, with a suction pipe connected to the solution tanks of the flocculant solution, which are connected to the flocculant tank through a flocculant mixer This and the technical water pipeline, with the pressure pipe of the flocculant solution and the flow meter of the flocculant solution, a centrifuge with a drum, auger, the main drive for rotating the drum, a reverse drive for changing the relative speed of rotation of the screw and drum, speed meters of the rotor and screw, high-pressure pump for dehydrated sludge with a pressure pipe, while the feed pipe of the sludge and the pressure pipe of the flocculant solution are connected to a centrifuge, and the centrifuge's reverse drive is made in the form of -frequency-controlled drive on a "frequency converter - induction motor" comprising a motor and an asynchronous static frequency converter;

B) heat treatment, including at least one processing line for burning dehydrated sludge;

C) removal of ash from flue gases, comprising at least one production line for collecting and removing ash;

D) flue gas treatment (see patent RU No. 2198141, C1, 7 C02F 11/00, 11/12. Wastewater sludge disposal system / F.V. Karmazinov, V.I. Tsvetkov, Yu.A. Ilyin, BC Ignatchik et al. Priority of June 29, 2001).

The disadvantages of this system are:

1. Large capital costs. For this reason, the well-known system is effectively implemented in individual sewer basins of megacities with a population of more than 600,000 people. At the same time, megacities, as a rule, along with large ones also include separate small sewage basins with a population of up to 100-200 thousand people, for example, suburbs where the use of this system is not economically justified;

2. Low reliability (does not meet the requirements for systems of the 1st category of reliability), because between the series-connected blocks there are no elements that perform the functions of a temporary reserve. For example, if, due to failure reasons, the performance of the combustion unit decreases, then this leads to a forced decrease in the performance of dewatering units, and consequently, to an increase in operating costs and a decrease in the environmental safety of the system due to the need for emergency removal of dehydrated sludge to landfills.

The objective of the present invention is to increase reliability and reduce the cost of processing rainfall in megacities.

The problem is solved in that the known system, including a subsystem for utilization of sludge, containing at least the following successive blocks: (1) - preparation for dewatering of sludge, including at least a reservoir of sludge; (2) - dehydration, including at least one dewatering production line, comprising at least a sludge metering pump with a suction pipe connected to a sludge reservoir, a supply pipe connected to a dehydration unit, a dehydrated sludge transportation unit (UTOSH ); (3) - heat treatment, comprising at least one dehydrated sludge incineration processing line connected to the dehydration unit via UTOS; (4) - removal of ash from flue gases, comprising at least one production line for collecting and removing ash; (5) - flue gas cleaning, in accordance with our invention is additionally equipped with:

- at least one unit (6) in the sludge disposal subsystem - backup storage of dehydrated sludge, including a backup hopper, backup transport lines connecting the UTOSH to the backup hopper, and at least one backup installation for transporting dehydrated sludge (RUTOSH), connecting the reserve hopper with UTOSH and / or with the heat treatment unit;

- at least one sludge disposal site;

- at least one unit (7) in the sludge disposal subsystem - ash transportation, including at least one recycling and transport highway with vehicles equipped for ash transportation, connecting the ash removal unit with the landfill / landfill for sludge disposal;

- at least one, a sludge treatment subsystem containing the following successive blocks: (a) sewage treatment with sludge extraction; (b) - preparation for sludge dehydration, including at least a sludge reservoir; (c) dehydration, comprising at least one dehydration processing line comprising a dehydration unit and a waste water treatment plant; (d) - storage and unloading of dehydrated sludge, including a hopper and a discharge bottom; (e) - transportation of dehydrated sludge, including at least one transport highway with vehicles equipped for transporting dehydrated sludge, while the dewatering unit through the installation / installation of transporting dehydrated sludge is connected to a hopper, which is connected through a transport highway to automobiles equipped for the transport of dehydrated sludge, connected to a landfill for sludge disposal;

- at least two sewage pools and at least one suburb of the megalopolis, while the sludge treatment subsystem / subsystem and sludge utilization subsystem are located in different megalopolis sewer basins and / or sludge processing subsystem / subsystems are located in the suburbs / suburbs of the megalopolis;

- at least one emergency transport highway, including at least one emergency transport highway with vehicles equipped for transporting dehydrated sludge, connecting the backup hopper of the sludge utilization subsystem to the landfill / landfill for sludge disposal;

- the ring highway of the metropolis or its individual sections, passing mainly outside the zone of the metropolis, while the sections of the transport, utilization, transport and emergency transport highways coincide with the ring highway of the metropolis.

A development option is possible when the system is additionally equipped with at least one additional sludge utilization subsystem, while the sludge utilization subsystem and additional / additional subsystem / sludge utilization subsystems are located in different sewer basins of the megalopolis, and the emergency transport highway connects the reserve bunkers of the additional / additional subsystems for utilization of sludge with a landfill / landfill for sludge disposal.

A development option is possible when the system is additionally equipped with at least one unit (8) in the sludge utilization subsystem - dehydrated sludge loading, including a receiving device and at least one loading dehydrated sludge transportation unit (ZUTOSH) connecting the receiving device with a reserve hopper, and / or with a heat treatment unit, and / or with UTOSH, while the hopper / hoppers of the sludge processing subsystem / subsystems are connected to the receiving devices via the dewatering sludge transporting unit / blocks m sludge recycling subsystem.

A development option is possible when the system is additionally equipped with at least one unit (8) in an additional subsystem / subsystems for utilization of sludge - loading dehydrated sludge, including a receiving device and at least one loading unit for transporting dehydrated sludge (ZUTOSH), connecting receiving device with a backup hopper, and / or with a heat treatment unit, and / or with UTOSH, while the hopper / bunkers of the subsystem / subsystems for processing sludge using the block / units for transporting dehydrated sludge with are integrated with the receiver of the additional sludge disposal subsystem.

A development option is possible when an emergency transport highway connects the backup hopper of the sludge utilization subsystem to the receivers of the additional / additional sludge utilization subsystems, the backup bunkers of the additional / additional sludge utilization subsystems to the receiver of the sludge utilization subsystem.

A development option is possible when the system is additionally equipped with a special autotransport subsystem, including cars equipped for transporting ash, and cars equipped for transporting dehydrated sludge, infrastructure for ensuring their operation, and a control unit for transporting ash and dehydrated sludge.

A development option is possible when the system is additionally equipped with a unit for the manufacture of building materials, and the transport and utilization line connects it with the ash removal unit / blocks.

A development option is possible when the receiving devices of the sludge utilization subsystem and the additional / additional subsystem / sludge utilization subsystems are made in the form of an open hopper with a discharge bottom containing at least two horizontal screws with independent drives installed with the possibility of transporting the dehydrated sludge to the ZTOSH.

A development option is possible when the UTOS of the sludge utilization subsystem and the additional / additional subsystem / sludge utilization subsystems are made in the form of an intermediate hopper, a slurry piston pump with inlet and outlet nozzles, a pressure pipe, while the slurry piston pump is connected to an intermediate hopper by a receiving nozzle and an outlet branch pipe - with pressure pipe.

Compared with the prototype, the proposed system has the following distinctive features:

1. Additional supply of the subsystem for utilization of sludge with a backup storage unit for dehydrated sludge;

2. The implementation of the unit for the backup storage of dehydrated sludge in the form of a backup hopper and at least one backup unit for transporting dehydrated sludge (RUTOSH) connecting the backup hopper with UTOSH and / or with the heat treatment unit;

3. Supply of a backup storage unit for dehydrated sludge with backup transport lines connecting the UTOSh with a backup hopper;

4. Additional supply of the system with at least one sludge disposal site;

5. Additional supply of the subsystem for utilization of sludge with an ash transportation unit;

6. The implementation of the ash transportation unit in the form of at least one utilization and transportation highway with vehicles equipped for ash transportation;

7. Connection of the landfill / landfill for sludge disposal using a transport and utilization highway with a block / blocks for ash removal;

8. Additional supply of the system with at least one sludge treatment subsystem, containing the following blocks: (a) sewage treatment with sludge extraction; (b) - preparation for sludge dehydration, including at least a sludge reservoir; (c) dehydration, comprising at least one dehydration processing line comprising a dehydration unit and a dehydrated sludge transportation unit (UTOS); (d) - storage and unloading of dehydrated sludge, including a hopper and a discharge bottom;

9. The inclusion in the composition of the subsystems for processing sludge of the dehydrated sludge transportation unit, comprising at least one transport highway with vehicles equipped for transporting dehydrated sludge;

10. Connection of bunkers of sludge processing subsystems through transport highways with vehicles equipped for transportation of dehydrated sludge with a sludge landfill;

11. Additional supply of the system with at least two sewerage pools and at least one suburb of the metropolis;

12. The location of the subsystem / subsystems for processing sludge and subsystems for utilization of sludge in various sewer basins of the metropolis;

13. The location of the subsystem / subsystems for processing sludge in the suburbs of the metropolis;

14. Additional supply of the system to at least one emergency transport highway, including at least one transport highway with vehicles equipped for the transport of dehydrated sludge;

15. The connection between the landfill / landfill for sludge disposal and the backup hopper of the sludge disposal subsystem through the emergency transport highway;

16. Additional supply of the system with a ring automobile highway of a megalopolis or its separate sections;

17. The location of the landfill / landfill for sludge disposal outside the ring highway of the metropolis;

18. The location of the annular highway of the metropolis so that it mainly passes outside the zone of the metropolis;

19. The coincidence of the sections of the transport, utilization and transport and emergency transport highways with the ring highway of the metropolis;

20. Additional supply of the system with at least one additional subsystem of sludge utilization located in different / different sewer basins of the megalopolis;

21. The presence of communication between the landfill / landfills for sludge disposal and the backup hopper of the additional / additional subsystems for utilization of sludge through an emergency transport highway;

22. The connection between the landfill / landfill for sludge disposal and ash removal units of additional / additional subsystems for the disposal of sludge through a transport and utilization highway;

23. Additional supply of the system with at least one unit in the subsystem of sludge utilization - loading of dehydrated sludge;

24. The implementation of the unit for loading dehydrated sludge, including a receiving device, and at least one loading unit for transporting dehydrated sludge (ZUTOSH);

25. The presence of communication, providing for the possibility of supplying dehydrated sludge from the receiving device to the backup hopper;

26. The presence of communication, providing for the possibility of supplying dehydrated sludge from the receiving device to the heat treatment unit;

27. The presence of communication, providing for the possibility of supplying dehydrated sludge from the receiving device to UTOS;

28. The implementation of the block / blocks transporting dehydrated sludge in the subsystem / subsystems for processing sludge with the possibility of delivering dehydrated sludge from the hopper / bunkers to the receiver of the subsystem for utilization of sludge;

29. Additional supply of the system with at least one unit - loading of dehydrated sludge in the additional subsystem / subsystems for utilization of sludge;

30. The implementation of the block / blocks transporting dehydrated sludge in the subsystem / subsystems for processing sludge with the possibility of delivering dehydrated sludge from the hopper / bunkers to the receiver of the additional subsystem / subsystems for utilization of sludge;

31. The presence of communication (through the emergency transport highway) of the backup hopper of the sludge utilization subsystem with the receivers of the additional / additional sludge utilization subsystems;

32. The presence of communication (through the emergency transport highway) of the backup bunkers of the additional / additional subsystems for utilization of sludge with the receiver of the subsystem for utilization of sludge;

33. The implementation of the receiving device of the subsystem for utilization of sludge in the form of at least one open receiving hopper;

34. Supplementary supply of the system with a special motor transport subsystem, including vehicles equipped for transporting ash and vehicles equipped for transporting dehydrated sludge, infrastructure for ensuring their operation, and a control unit for transporting ash and dehydrated sludge;

35. Additional supply of the system with the building materials manufacturing unit;

36. The presence of communication between the block / blocks of ash removal and the block for the manufacture of building materials using the transport and utilization line;

37. The implementation of the receiving devices in the form of an open hopper with an unloading bottom, containing at least two horizontal screws with independent drives installed with the possibility of transporting dehydrated sludge to ZUTOSH;

38. The implementation of UTOSH in the form of an intermediate hopper, a slurry piston pump with a receiving and output nozzles, a discharge pipe, while the slurry piston pump with a receiving nozzle is connected to an intermediate hopper, and the output pipe to a pressure pipe.

According to the information available to the authors, the distinguishing features No. 4, 18 and 38 are known in the technical literature, and the rest are not. However, their combined use in the inventive system will allow you to get two positive, one new effect and one super-effect.

The first positive effect is that the cost of processing and utilizing sludge is reduced. It is achieved by using distinctive features No. 11 and 12 in the inventive system for the disposal of sewage sludge from a megalopolis in separate large sewage basins (with a population of more than 600,000 people) creating separate sludge utilization subsystems. In such subsystems, the cost of sludge utilization (due to large volumes) is minimal. Along with this, in separate sewage basins (or suburbs), where taking into account the small volume of generated sludge, their disposal is not economically feasible, sludge processing subsystems are created (distinguishing features No. 8 and 13). In them, the sludge is only dehydrated, i.e. reduced to insignificant volumes and then transported to landfills for sludge disposal or to one of the disposal subsystems (distinguishing features No. 9, 10, 23-27).

In addition, cost reduction is achieved by optimizing transportation (hallmark 34). Thus, minimization of the cost of disposal of sludge at the scale of megacities is achieved.

The second positive effect is that the reliability of the subsystems for utilization of sludge is increased due to:

- the emergence of a temporary reserve provided by the unit for the backup storage of dehydrated sludge, including a backup hopper and at least one backup unit for transporting dehydrated sludge (distinguishing features No. 1-3). Its use in case of failures or a decrease in the performance of the combustion units prevents from a forced decrease in the performance of the dehydration units and preparation for dehydration or the emergency removal of dehydrated sludge to emergency landfills. This is the time reserve for recovery t _res = V _res / q, where V _res is the volume of the backup hopper, q is the hourly average productivity of the sludge utilization subsystems for dehydrated sludge;

- the implementation of receiving devices according to hallmark No. 40, which makes it possible to protect the ZOTOSH from the ingress of solid (for example, metal) objects, the possibility of the presence of which in imported dehydrated sludge cannot be excluded.

A new effect is that the environmental safety of the entire system for utilization of sewage sludge from a megalopolis is increased due to:

- reduction of environmental impact during transportation of dehydrated sludge. The latter is achieved by the fact that only dehydrated (10-15 times reduced in volume) sludges are transported (distinguishing feature No. 8). In addition, their transportation is mainly carried out along the ring highway, i.e. outside the metropolis (distinctive signs No. 16, 18, 19), to the landfills for burial sludge located outside the metropolis (distinctive signs No. 4, 17);

- reduce environmental impact during the transport of ash. The latter is achieved by the fact that their transportation (distinguishing features No. 5-7) is mainly carried out along the ring road, i.e. outside the metropolis (distinctive signs No. 5, 18, 19), to the landfills for disposal of sludge located outside the metropolis (distinctive sign No. 17);

- 1.5-2 times reduction in the area of sludge disposal sites. The latter is achieved by the fact that dehydrated sludges from the sludge treatment subsystems are not taken out for burial, but burned in the sludge disposal subsystems (distinguishing features No. 9, 10, 23-27, 38);

- reduce the volume of ash export to landfills for sludge disposal. For this purpose, a system for its disposal is provided (distinguishing features No. 35, 36);

- eliminating the possibility of the release of pollution into the environment in off-design situations, when the total volume of reserve bunkers is not enough. This is achieved by the fact that at this time, pollution is organizedly transported to landfills for sludge burial (distinguishing features No. 14, 15, 21, 22).

The super-effect is that the required level of environmental safety of the metropolis can be achieved with a reduced volume of receiving bunkers in the sludge disposal subsystem and at least one additional sludge disposal subsystem. This is achieved due to the possibility of transfer of dehydrated sludge between the indicated subsystems in emergency situations (distinguishing features No. 20, 23-26).

Thus, the claimed system for the disposal of sewage sludge from a metropolis meets the criterion of "inventive step".

The system proposed by the authors is structurally different from the prototype.

In Fig.1 shows an embodiment of the general technological scheme of the proposed system for the disposal of sewage sludge from a megalopolis, Fig.2 is an embodiment of receiving devices.

The general technological scheme of the proposed system includes (see Fig. 1) a sludge disposal subsystem 1, a sludge processing subsystem 2, an additional sludge disposal subsystem 3.

The sludge disposal subsystem 1 contains the following sequential blocks:

(1) - preparation for sludge dehydration, including at least a sludge reservoir 4;

(2) - dewatering, including at least one dewatering production line (the number of lines is determined by the amount of sludge), containing at least a sludge metering pump 5 with a suction pipe 6 connected to a sludge tank 4, a supply pipe 7, dehydration unit 8, dehydrated sludge transportation unit (UTOSH) 9. In this case, the sludge supply pipe 7 is connected to the dehydration unit 8. In accordance with the present invention, UTOSH 9 can be performed in any form (tape, spiral conveyor Hyeres, piston pumps with piping system or combined). Figure 1 presents a development option when UTOSH 9 contains an intermediate hopper 10 and a slurry piston pump 11. The invention does not exclude the possibility of connecting a reagent farm and metering pumps;

(3) - heat treatment, comprising at least one processing line for burning dehydrated sludge 12;

(4) - removal of ash from flue gases, comprising at least one processing line for collecting and removing ash 13;

(5) - flue gas treatment 14;

(6) - backup storage of dehydrated sludge, including a backup hopper 15, backup transport lines 16 connecting UTOSH 9 with a backup hopper 15 and at least one backup installation for transporting dehydrated sludge (RUTOSH) 17 connecting the backup hopper 15 with an intermediate hopper 10 UTOSh 9 and / or with a heat treatment unit 12 (not shown);

(7) - transportation of ash, including at least one recycling and transport highway 18 with vehicles 19, equipped for transporting ash, connected to the block / blocks ash removal 13.

In addition, the proposed system includes (see figure 1) a subsystem for processing sludge 2. This subsystem contains the following blocks:

(a) - sewage treatment 20 with the extraction of sludge;

(b) preparation for sludge dehydration, comprising at least a sludge reservoir 21;

(c) dehydration, comprising at least one dehydration processing line comprising a dehydration unit 22 and a dehydrated sludge transport unit (UTOSH) 23;

(d) - storage and unloading of dehydrated sludge, including a hopper 24 and a discharge bottom 25;

(e) - transportation of dehydrated sludge, including at least one transport highway 26 with vehicles 27, equipped for the transport of dehydrated sludge. At the same time, the dewatering unit 22 through the UTOSh 23 is connected to the hopper 24, which is connected through at least one sludge disposal site 28 through a transport highway 26 to vehicles 27 equipped for transporting dehydrated sludge.

The proposed system includes two sewage basins 29 and 30 and at least one suburb 31 of the metropolis. At the same time, the sludge treatment subsystem 2 and the sludge utilization subsystem 1 can be located in different sewer basins of the metropolis and / or the sludge processing subsystem / subsystems are located in the suburbs / suburbs of the megalopolis. Figure 1 presents the option when the subsystem for processing sludge 2 is located in the suburbs 31, and the subsystem for the disposal of sludge 1 is in the sewage basin of 29 megalopolises.

The proposed system also includes:

- at least one emergency transport highway 32, including at least one transport highway with vehicles equipped for transporting dehydrated sludge, connecting the slurry disposal subsystem 1 and the additional sludge disposal subsystem 3 with the sludge disposal landfill 28;

- The ring road 33 megalopolis or its individual sections, passing mainly outside the zone of the megalopolis.

The proposed system may include at least one additional subsystem for utilization of sludge 3, serving another 30 sewage pool of the metropolis. It includes at least:

- sludge reservoir 34 (sludge dewatering preparation blocks);

- a sludge metering pump 35 with a suction pipe 36, a supply pipe 37, a dewatering unit 38, a dewatering sludge transportation unit (UTOSH) 39, comprising (as an option) an intermediate hopper 40 and a slurry piston pump 41. In this case, the sludge supply pipe 37 is connected to dehydration unit 38. The invention does not exclude the possibility of connecting a reagent farm and metering pumps (dehydration unit);

- technological lines for burning dehydrated sludge 42 (heat treatment unit);

- technological line for collecting and removing ash 43 (block for removing ash from flue gases);

- flue gas purification unit 44;

- a backup hopper 45, backup transport lines 46 connecting the UTOSH 39 with the backup hopper 45 and at least one backup installation for transporting dehydrated sludge (RUTOSH) 47 connecting the backup hopper 45 with the intermediate hopper 40 UTOSH 39 and / or with the thermal block processing 42 (not shown).

There is a development option when a dehydrated sludge loading unit (8) is installed in the sludge utilization subsystem, including a receiving device 48 and at least one loading dehydrated sludge transportation unit (ZUTOSH) 49 connecting the receiving device 48 to the backup hopper 15, and / or with a heat treatment unit 12, and / or with UTOSh 9. In this case, the hopper / hoppers 24 of the subsystem / subsystems for processing sludge 2 using a transport highway 26 with vehicles 27 equipped for transporting dehydrated sludge, s with a receiver subsystem 48 1 sludge disposal.

The receiving device 48 may be made in the form of an open hopper 50 with an unloading bottom 51 (FIGS. 1, 2) containing at least two horizontal screws 52 (FIG. 2, the second horizontal screw is not shown) with independent drives 53 installed with the possibility of transporting dehydrated sludge in ZUTOSH 49.

There is a development option when, in the additional sludge disposal subsystem 3, a dehydrated sludge loading unit (8) is installed, including a receiving device 54 and at least one loading dehydrated sludge transportation unit (ZUTOSH) 55, connecting the receiving device 54 to the backup hopper 45, and / or with heat treatment unit 42, and / or with UTOSh 39. In this case, the hopper / hoppers 24 of the subsystem / subsystems for processing sludge 2 using a transport highway 26 with vehicles 27 equipped for transportation are dehydrated x sludge connected to the receiving device 54 of an additional subsystem for the disposal of sludge 3.

The receiving device 54 may be made in the form of an open hopper 56 with an unloading bottom 57 containing at least two horizontal screws (not shown) with independent drives (not shown) installed with the possibility of transporting dehydrated sludge to ZUTOSH 55.

Emergency transport highway 32 connects the backup hopper 15 of the sludge utilization subsystem 1 and the backup bunkers 45 of the additional / additional sludge utilization subsystem 3 with the sludge disposal landfill 28.

In addition, the emergency transport highway 32 connects the backup hopper 15 of the sludge utilization subsystem 1 with the receiving devices 54 of additional / additional sludge utilization subsystems 3, the backup bunkers 45 of the additional / additional subsystems of sludge utilization 3 - with the receiver 48 of the sludge utilization subsystem 1.

There is a development option when the sections of transport 26, utilization and transport 18 and emergency-transport 32 of motorways coincide with the ring motorway 33 of a megalopolis.

The proposed system can be additionally equipped with a special transport subsystem 58, including vehicles equipped for transporting ash and vehicles equipped for transporting dehydrated sludge, infrastructure for ensuring their operation, and a control unit for transporting ash and dehydrated sludge.

A development option is possible when the utilization and transport line 18 connects the ash removal unit (s) 13 and 43 with the landfill / disposal sites for sludge 28.

The system is additionally equipped with a block for the manufacture of building materials 59, and the transport and utilization line 18 connects it to the ash removal unit / blocks 13 and 43.

The system for the disposal of sewage sludge from a metropolis works as follows.

One of the sewage basins of the 29 megalopolis is served by the sludge disposal subsystem 1. In accordance with the invention, it is located in the territory of the sewage basin 29. Its operation is as follows. Sludge from the sludge tank 4 using a sludge metering pump 5 is taken through the suction pipe 6 and fed to the dewatering unit 8 through the suction pipe 7. The invention does not exclude the simultaneous additional supply to it (depending on the type of dehydration unit) and reagent solutions. The result is dehydrated sludge. The latter, using the dehydrated sludge transportation unit (UTOSH) 9, is supplied to the combustion unit 12. The present invention allows the possibility of performing this unit in two or one stage. As an example, a furnace with a fluidized sand bed of a combustion chamber, in which drying and burning of dehydrated sludge occurs simultaneously, can serve as a single stage. Cleaning the flue gas from the ash is carried out in the unit for removing ash from the flue gas, which includes at least one processing line for collecting and removing ash 13. Further cleaning of the flue gas is carried out in the flue gas cleaning unit 14.

To reduce the cost of construction and operation of the structural reserve of the combustion units in the sludge disposal subsystems, a temporary reserve is created in the form of a backup hopper 15. It stores dehydrated sludge during maintenance and repair work on the combustion units, ash removal from flue gases and flue gas treatment. As a result, due to the volume of the backup bunker 15, the units for burning, removing ash from the exhaust gases and flue gas cleaning and the emergency transport highway 32 have a time reserve for their recovery t _res = V _res / q, where V _res is the volume of the backup bunker 15, q - hourly average productivity of subsystems for utilization of sludge for dehydrated sludge. Due to this, the necessary indicators of uninterrupted burning of sludge are provided.

In emergency bins 15, dehydrated sludge in emergency situations arrives with the help of UTOSh 9 via the backup transport lines 16. As repair work is completed, the dehydrated sludge from the reserve bunker 15 with (RUTOSH) 17 is returned through UTOSh 9 for further processing and / or directly to the unit heat treatment.

As the ash accumulates from blocks 13, it is exported through the utilization and transport highway 18 by automobiles 19 equipped for ash transportation.

Another megalopolis sewer pool, or suburb, where due to the small volume of wastewater it is not economically feasible to use the sludge disposal subsystem, serves the sludge treatment subsystem. Figure 1 shows an example when this subsystem is located on the territory of the suburb 31 and its operation is next.

The sludge from the wastewater treatment unit 20 enters the sludge tank 21, from which it is supplied to the dewatering unit 22. The invention does not exclude the simultaneous additional supply to it (depending on the type of dehydration unit) and reagent solutions. The result is dehydrated sludge. The latter using the installation of the transport of dehydrated sludge (UTOSH) 23 is fed into the hopper 24 with the discharge bottom 25.

During operation, the volume of dehydrated sludge in the hopper 24 increases due to operation (UTOSH) 23 and decreases due to shipment through the unloading bottom 25 to cars 27 operating on a motorway 26. These vehicles, depending on the development of the invention, deliver dehydrated sludge:

- to the sludge landfill / landfill sites 28;

- in the receiving device 48 of the subsystem for utilization of sludge 1;

- to the receiving device 54 additional / additional subsystems for utilization of sludge 3.

Another megalopolis sewer pool, where significant volumes of wastewater are generated, is served by an additional subsystem for the utilization of sludge 3. The basic scheme for processing the sludge in the additional subsystem is similar to the basic scheme for the sludge utilization subsystem (not excluding the difference in the selection of equipment, i.e. the technological scheme).

In off-design situations, when the volume, for example, of the reserve bunker 15 is not enough to eliminate accidents in the sludge disposal subsystem 1, part of the dehydrated sludge is sent via the emergency transport line 32 to the receiving device 54 of additional / additional sludge utilization subsystems 3, and vice versa.

In off-design situations, when the total volume of reserve bins 15 and 45 is not enough to eliminate accidents in the sludge disposal system of a megalopolis, part of the dehydrated sludge is transported along the emergency transport line 32 to the sludge disposal landfill 28.

In addition, ash can also be exported to these landfills.

According to one of the considered development options, sludge (from other subsystems) is delivered to the sludge disposal subsystem using a premium device 48.

From it, the dehydrated sludge is fed through an open hopper 50 with an unloading bottom 51 and ZUTOSh 49 to the reserve hopper 15, and / or to the heat treatment unit 12, and / or to the UTOSh 9. If foreign objects appear in the open hopper 50 for various reasons, for example, metal elements, then one of the horizontal screws 52 will stop due to overload of its independent drive 53. In this case, the other screws will continue to work, emptying the open hopper 55. After emptying it (using the remaining independent screws), the operating person Al retrieves foreign objects and launches a stopped horizontal auger. Thus, foreign objects do not fall into ZOTOSh 49 and, therefore, do not disable it.

In addition, due to the open hopper 50, an additional temporary reserve is created, with which the units for burning, removing ash from the exhaust gases and flue gas cleaning and the emergency transport highway have a time reserve for recovery t _pr = V _pr / q, where V _pr - open hopper volume 50.

In cases where a further increase in the environmental safety of the proposed megalopolis wastewater sludge disposal system is required, an additional dehydrated sludge loading unit 3 also includes a dehydrated sludge loading unit, including a receiving device 54 and at least one loading unit for transporting dehydrated sludge 55 (ZUTOSh) . It receives dehydrated sludge in emergency situations on other subsystems.

In addition, the presence of this relationship between the subsystems of sludge utilization makes it possible to simultaneously reduce the total volume of open bins 50 and 56 (super-effect) while ensuring the required level of environmental safety.

Transportation of sludge by road can be carried out on the district highway 33 megalopolis or its individual sections. Since this highway mainly runs outside the metropolitan area, this will minimize the environmental impact of the metropolis. In addition, the combination of cars into a single special vehicle system with its infrastructure and control unit for transporting ash and dehydrated sludge 58 by covering traffic throughout the metropolis will optimize and improve the reliability of their work.

In General, through the use of the above distinguishing features of the present invention, it becomes possible to completely eliminate the emergency export of dehydrated sludge to the landfill / landfill for sludge 28 while minimizing the capital cost of creating the inventive system. They will only accept ash, up to 10% of the dehydrated sludge. But this source of environmental pollution of the metropolis can be excluded using the block for the manufacture of building materials 59 from the specified ash.

Claims (11)

1. A system for the disposal of sewage sludge from a megalopolis, including a sludge utilization subsystem containing at least the following successive blocks: (1) preparation for sludge dehydration, including at least a sludge reservoir; (2) dehydration, including at least one dewatering production line, comprising at least a sludge metering pump with a suction pipe connected to a sludge tank, a supply pipe connected to a dewatering unit, a dewatering sludge transportation unit (UTOS) ; (3) a heat treatment comprising at least one dehydrated sludge incineration processing line connected to a dehydration unit through a UTOS; (4) removing ash from flue gases, comprising at least one ash collection and removal processing line; (5) flue gas purification, characterized in that the system is additionally equipped with at least one unit (6) in the sludge disposal subsystem - backup storage of dehydrated sludge, including a backup hopper, backup transport lines connecting the UTOSH to the backup hopper, and, at least one backup dehydrated sludge transportation unit (RUTOSH) connecting the reserve hopper to the UTOSH and / or to the heat treatment unit, at least one sludge disposal site, at least one unit (7) in the subsystem sludge utilization - ash transportation, including at least one utilization and transportation motorway with vehicles equipped for ash transportation, connecting the ash removal unit with the sludge landfill / landfill; at least one sludge treatment subsystem containing the following successive blocks: (a) wastewater treatment with sludge extraction; (b) preparing for sludge dehydration, comprising at least a sludge reservoir; (c) dehydration, comprising at least one dehydration processing line comprising a dehydration unit and a waste water treatment plant; (d) storage and unloading of dehydrated sludge, including a hopper and a discharge bottom; (e) transporting dehydrated sludge, comprising at least one transport highway with vehicles equipped for transporting dehydrated sludge, wherein the dewatering unit is connected to a hopper through the dewatering sludge transporting unit / unit, which is connected to vehicles equipped with a vehicle for transporting dehydrated sludge for transportation of dehydrated sludge, connected to a landfill / landfill for sludge disposal; at least two sewage basins and at least one suburb of the metropolis, with the sludge treatment subsystem / subsystem and the sludge utilization subsystem located in different megalopolis sewer pools and / or sludge processing subsystem / subsystems located in the suburbs / suburbs of the megalopolis; at least one emergency transport highway, including at least one emergency transport highway with vehicles equipped for transporting dehydrated sludge, connecting the backup hopper of the sludge utilization subsystem to the landfill / landfill for sludge disposal; the ring highway of the metropolis or its individual sections, passing mainly outside the zone of the metropolis, while the landfill / landfill for sludge disposal is located outside it, and the sections of the transport, utilization, transport and emergency transport highways coincide with the ring highway of the metropolis. 2. The megalopolis sewage sludge utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that the system is additionally equipped with at least one additional sludge utilization subsystem, while the sludge utilization subsystem and additional / additional sludge utilization subsystems are located in different sewer drainage basins of the megalopolis, emergency transport highway connects the landfill / landfill for sludge disposal with reserve bunkers, and the transport and utilization transport highway connects with ash removal units extra / additional sludge recycling subsystems. 3. The megalopolis sewage sludge utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that the system is additionally equipped with at least one unit (8) in the sludge utilization subsystem - dehydrated sludge loading, including a receiving device and at least one loading a dehydrated sludge transportation unit (ZUTOSH), connecting the receiving device with a backup hopper and / or, with a heat treatment unit, and / or with UTOSH, while the hopper / hoppers of the sludge processing subsystem / subsystems using the block / s dix sludge connected with a receiver sludge recycling subsystem. 4. The megalopolis sewage sludge disposal system according to claim 2, characterized in that the system is additionally equipped with at least one unit (8) in an additional subsystem / subsystems for utilization of sludge-loading of dehydrated sludge, including a receiving device and at least , one loading unit for transporting dehydrated sludge (ZUTOSH), connecting the receiving device with a backup hopper, and / or with a heat treatment unit, and / or with UTOSH, while the hopper / bunkers of the subsystem / sludge treatment subsystems using the block / transporting the dewatered sludge locks are connected to the receiving device further / additional sludge recycling subsystems. 5. The megalopolis sewage sludge utilization system according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the emergency transport highway connects the backup hopper of the sludge utilization subsystem with the receivers of the additional / additional subsystem / subsystems of sludge utilization, and the reserve bunkers of the additional / additional subsystem / utilization subsystems sludge - with the receiver of the sludge disposal subsystem. 6. The megalopolis sewage sludge disposal system according to claim 1, characterized in that the system is additionally equipped with a special motor transport subsystem, including cars equipped for transporting ash, and cars equipped for transporting dehydrated sludge, an infrastructure for ensuring their operation, and an ash transportation control unit and dehydrated sludge. 7. The megalopolis sewage sludge disposal system according to claim 1, characterized in that the system is additionally equipped with a building materials manufacturing unit, and the transport and utilization line connects it with the ash removal unit / blocks. 8. The megalopolis sewage sludge disposal system according to claim 3, characterized in that the receiving device of the sludge utilization subsystem is made in the form of an open hopper with a discharge bottom containing at least two horizontal screws with independent drives installed with the possibility of transporting dehydrated sludge in ZOTOSH. 9. The megalopolis sewage sludge utilization system according to claim 4, characterized in that the receiving devices of the additional / additional subsystem / sludge utilization subsystem are made in the form of an open hopper with a discharge bottom containing at least two horizontal screws with independent drives installed with the possibility of transporting dehydrated sludge to ZUTOSH. 10. The megalopolis sewage sludge disposal system according to claim 1, characterized in that the UTOSH of the sludge utilization subsystem is made in the form of an intermediate hopper, a slurry piston pump with inlet and outlet nozzles, a pressure pipe, while the slurry piston pump is connected to an intermediate hopper by a receiving nozzle and the outlet pipe - with a pressure pipe. 11. The megalopolis wastewater sludge disposal system according to claim 2, characterized in that the UTOSH of the additional / additional subsystems / sludge utilization subsystems is made in the form of an intermediate hopper, a slurry piston pump with inlet and outlet pipes, a pressure pipe, and a slurry piston pump inlet the nozzle is connected to the intermediate hopper, and the outlet nozzle to the pressure pipe.

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