RU2299234C2 - Method of restoration of the engines by the method of ceramic treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: propulsion engineering; methods of restoration of the engines by the method of ceramic treatment.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of propulsion engineering, in particular, to the method of restoration of the engines by the ceramic treatment. The method provides for the treatment of the engines with the lubricant materials containing the inorganic fillers for the purpose of extension of the operational life and the increased efficiency of the engines. The treatment of the engines is conducted at their maintenance in compliance with the results of their diagnostics and examination of the surfaces of the friction details and assemblages by the lubricant material containing the powdery inorganic filler, including (in mass %): silicon - 30, magnesium - 19, oxygen - 50 and hydrogen - 1. The technical result of the invention is the decreased degree of the details and assemblages deterioration, reduction of the engine noisiness.

EFFECT: the invention ensures the decreased degree of the details and assemblages deterioration, reduction of the engine noisiness.

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering and can be used in the processing of both existing and new internal combustion engines in order to extend their resource, increase efficiency and reduce operating costs.

Known methods and compositions for restoring engines, creating “sliding mirrors” on the surfaces of friction pairs formed during the operation of engines by introducing inorganic powdery fillers into lubricants that contribute to reducing overhead of engine power for friction, increasing compression, saving fuel, and improving environmental and dynamic characteristics, extension of their operational resource.

In all the above patents, the basis of the repair composition is a finely divided mixture of abrasive mineral powders, consisting, as a rule, of a mixture of ground serpentinite.

We thoroughly worked out the patents under the numbers RU 2035636, 05.20.1995; RU 2149741, 05.27.2000; RU 2201999, 04/10/2003; RU 2209852 08/10/2003, reviewed patents RU 2043393, 09/10/1995; RU 2057257, 03/27/1996; RU 2135638, 08.27.1999; RU 2160856, 12.20.2000 and came to conclusions.

The practice of processing automobile engines with similar repair and restoration compounds for the cylinder-piston group is effective, but leads to accelerated wear of sliding bearings.

If the bearings as a result of accelerated wear and tear cease to fulfill their functions, this leads to a “scuff” of large shafts and a “knock” in small ones. And if urgent measures are not taken, then the crankshaft, and therefore the engine, will fail.

In the technology of many patents, such factors as ultrasound, superheated steam, rubbing, and catalysts are involved in the processing of engines, which greatly complicates their processing.

The objectives of the present invention are:

the creation of a method for the restoration of internal combustion engines with a ceramic tread that significantly exceeds the previously achieved results in terms of wear resistance, and therefore, in the durability of "sliding mirrors" and achieved compression;

elimination of increased bearing wear after engine treatment;

simplification of engine processing technology.

The problem is solved by the method of restoring engines by treating them with a lubricant containing a powder of inorganic filler forming slip mirrors during operation, in which a powder filler is used, containing, wt.%: 30 silicon, 19 magnesium, 50 oxygen and 1 hydrogen, and processing produced during maintenance of engines according to the results of diagnosis and inspection of the surfaces of parts and friction units.

Diagnostics is carried out in accordance with regulatory documents (GOST R ISO 10816-3. Vibration. Monitoring the condition of machines according to the results of vibration on non-rotating parts) using existing equipment (VSV-3, etc.).

As a diagnostic parameter, take the vibration velocity, which has the highest value in octaves, after which the possible vibration displacement is calculated, the coating technology is selected. According to the audit of the state of the surfaces of the contacting pairs, the dispersion of the filler used is determined, which should be comparable with the surface roughness (12-120 microns).

Processing of engines does not contain any technological nuances and does not impose any requirements on engines (neither to operating conditions, nor to filtration, nor to lubrication).

The repair and restoration composition is introduced into the engine by the method of pouring an oil suspension into the engine crankcase (filler + base oil, I-20 mineral oil can be used for machines) with the presence of base oil in the crankcase.

Intensive diffusion of finely dispersed particles into the surface layer of metal occurs in friction units at temperatures reaching 600-1200 ° С in microvolumes between the repair and restoration material and the cylinder-piston group. A substitution reaction occurs between the metal atoms of the treated surface, usually iron and magnesium. At the same time, a cermet layer is formed on the treated surface, which compensates for wear and is firmly connected to the surface. This cermet layer has a high microhardness and low friction coefficient, which increases the wear resistance of the treated surface.

Under the influence of operating temperature, the repair and restoration composition turns from soft (non-abrasive) to cermet.

For the formation of ceramic protectors on the surfaces of contacting parts using liquid and grease as binders, the work includes:

starting and warming up the engine at idle or under load;

vibration diagnostics of its main nodes;

analysis and selection of nodes to be restored;

preparation of the concentrate based on the content in the liquid lubricant from 0.5 to 1.5 wt.% inorganic filler, and in the grease - up to 50 wt.%;

pouring concentrate into the lubrication system of a running engine or replacing it (grease);

vibration diagnostics of the engine (if necessary).

The tread obtained under the influence of high temperatures as a result of the transformation of the material is a mixture of forsterite, fayalit and olivines so strong and refractory that it is almost not subject to wear. This confirmed the measurement of engine compression after its intensive operation for three years.

Compression in all cylinders remained virtually unchanged.

The intermediate stage of this process is balanced in the space of the combustion chamber. This suspension is integrated throughout the chamber, including the piston and valve mechanism. Settling on these details, it forms on them the same coating as on the rubbing vapors. When opening the cylinder head, the overall specularity of the combustion chamber was recorded. For engines, this circumstance is extremely important, because gives durability not only to the cylinder-piston group, but also to the valve mechanism.

In 1999, with the use of serpentine on the ship auxiliary engine 6Chan18 / 22, this phenomenon was not observed.

One of the main advantages of the technology is the fact that the use of non-abrasive material allows you to significantly expand the quantitative scope of the introduced repair and restoration composition. This is necessary with significant engine wear.

The main limiting factor of the technology is the working temperature of the cylinders. In a gasoline engine, it is about 400 degrees lower than in a diesel engine. Therefore, in this case, the wear and tear eliminated by this technology should be less. For powerful diesel plants, the wear line is practically absent. The operating temperature in them is so high that it can "digest" any amount of material entering the cylinder. With significant engine wear and, consequently, high oil consumption, a mixture of the base material with 5% finely divided (diametre median = 002.5-00.30) serpentine is used to intensify the process. Such an amount of abrasive-containing material is not able to seriously accelerate the wear of sliding bearings and cause harm to the engine, but the process of engine recovery is sharply intensified.

One of the most important elements of the technology is the processing of completely new engines. After several hundred kilometers, the processed engines showed a significant increase in throttle response, i.e. compression growth in the cylinders / power increase /, and “sliding mirrors” with high microhardness and low friction coefficient appeared on friction surfaces, which provides the new engine with increased wear resistance, increased efficiency, reduced operating costs and a significant increase in operating life. This is only possible with absolutely safe material.

The possibility of engine restoration by ceramic processing has been tested:

on the ship engine 6NVD26 of the trawler MRTK No. 0696, "Oceanic fishing".

After a 10-day voyage, the compression pressure in the cylinders increased from 2.6 to 3.2 MPa, and the oil pressure increased from 0.26 to 0.28 MPa.

Fuel economy was up to 20%.

The degree of deterioration of the engine decreased from 35% to 20%.

The use of this technology for the fishing fleet of the Northern Basin is authorized by the Maritime Register.

From 2002 to 2006, over 100 cars of various brands were restored by ceramic processing, as a rule, with long service lives and mileage.

Result:

the average increase in compression by cylinders relative to the initial measurement was 35-40%;

compression relative to the level indicated by the manufacturer for each type of machine is exceeded by 15-20%;

fuel economy was 20-30%; (in patent RU 2149741 - 12%)

oil savings up to 50%;

noise reduction by at least 15%;

engine repair with disassembly is not provided for the entire period of operation;

engine failures were not observed.

The ceramic processing method can ensure the durability of engines from the moment they begin to operate.

Claims (1)

A method of recovering engines by treating them with a lubricant containing a powdered inorganic filler forming slip mirrors during operation, characterized in that a powdered filler is used, containing in wt.%: 30 silicon, 19 magnesium, 50 oxygen, 1 hydrogen, and processing is carried out during maintenance based on the results of diagnosis and revision of the surfaces of parts and friction units.