RU2297592C2 - Armor-piercing subcaliber shell with magnetic-type driving band - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ammunition with detachable driving band.

SUBSTANCE: the shell has a body and a driving band consisting of bearing circular sectors of the reel type. Two seats are made inside each sector perpendicularly to the shell longitudinal axis, they are positioned symmetrically to the left and to the right relative to the center of masses of the sector, cylinder-shaped permanent magnets are installed in the seats, fixed cylinder-shaped permanent magnets are installed on the body opposite them. The sectors of the driving band are installed for separation from the armor-piercing subcaliber shell provided the following conditions are observed: F_afa X_da + F_mla1 h₁ = P_g X_ds + F_mla2 h₂, where F_afa - the resultant aerodynamic force acting on the front cavity of the bearing circular sector, X_da - the distance between the center of masses of the bearing circular sector and the line of action of the resultant aerodynamic force, P_g - the resultant force of the pressure of powder gases acting on the bottom cavity of the bearing circular sector, X_dc - the distance between the center of masses of the bearing circular sector and the line of action of the resultant force of the pressure of powder gases, F_mla1, F_mla2 - the magnetic lifts acting on the sector of the driving band; h₁, h₂ - the distance between the center of masses of the bearing circular sector and the line of action of the magnetic lift.

EFFECT: enhanced rate and synchronism of separation of the sectors of the driving band.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to armor-piercing subcaliber shells (BPS) with a master device (WU) of the “coil" type and can be implemented as a WU BPS for tank and anti-tank guns having this type of shells in the ammunition set.

It is known that the process of separating the HE sectors from the shell of the projectile significantly affects the amount of technical dispersion (accuracy, accuracy). Despite the relative short duration of this process, the mechanical and aerodynamic force interaction between the separating elements and the shell of the projectile, as well as the massiveness of the coil sectors can lead to the formation of significant trajectory changes. The general picture of the separation of sectors is asymmetric and asynchronous, which is explained by the influence on the separation process of disturbances received by the projectile when moving along the gun’s bore and during the aftereffect of powder gases (GH).

The main force factors causing the separation of the sectors of the “coil” type WU is the pressure force of the oncoming air flow, while the pressure of the GHG satellite flow interferes with the process of their separation during the aftereffect (≈10 ... 12 m). All this, as well as a considerable extension in time, leads to a significant asymmetry in the separation of the HE sectors, and as a result, additional trajectory disturbances of the BPS and, as a rule, leads to damage to the aerodynamic surfaces of the projectile located in its rear part. In addition, as the shooting tests showed, when separating WU sectors, there were violations of the correctness of the flight of the BPS.

There is a design of the pallet of a feathered projectile moving along the barrel of a rifled gun / 1 / containing several arcuate sections, each section of the pallet contains an arched rear enclosing end, a cylindrical middle part connected integrally with the front end, and an arched enclosing end connected to middle part. At the front end of the section, a peripheral groove is made for the obturating ring inserted into the grooves of the pallet section. The ring prevents the gas from escaping from the pan during the launch of ammunition. However, this design has the following disadvantages: when the projectile leaves the rifled barrel of the gun, the drop-off pan has the same muzzle velocity as the projectile, which is unsafe for calculating the gun; the arched sections of the pallet that are separated during discharge create a risk of damage to the projectile stabilizer.

A known design of the host device for a sub-caliber rocket projectile / 2 /, consisting of three sectors, each of which is equipped with a spring mechanism that provides the most rapid separation of sectors from the shell of the projectile after departure from the pipe and consisting of a coil spring with a pusher located in the seat of each sector offset from the center of mass of the sector. However, this design has the following disadvantages: the equality of the moments tilting the annular sector of the ring as a result of the action of the force of the powder gases will not always be observed, therefore, the pattern of separation of the sectors will be asymmetric and asynchronous, and as a result, will lead to additional trajectory disturbances of the armor-piercing projectile, in addition , when resetting sectors, there will be a danger of damage to the projectile stabilizer.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate the risk of damage to the aerodynamic surface of the feathered armor-piercing projectile, providing the most rapid and synchronous separation of sectors from the shell after departure from the barrel.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the armor-piercing projectile projectile on the outer surface there are landing nests into which stationary permanent magnets of cylindrical shape are pressed in, and the master device is made of three annular sectors, each annular sector has two landing nests perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the projectile, located in the front and rear parts of the sector symmetrically with respect to its center of mass, in which permanent magnets of cylindrical shape with adjusting intami and spring. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that this design of a BPS with a magnetic-type VU ensures reliable separation of sectors when the projectile leaves the barrel without damaging the aerodynamic surfaces, due to a more energetic throwing in the strictly radial direction of the supporting ring sectors in time, i.e. without delay.

Figure 1 shows the proposed design of the BPS, where: 1 - shell shell; 2 - a detachable master device; 3 - front cavity; 4 - bottom cavity; 5 - sealing rings; 6 - adjusting screws; 7 - springs; 8 - movable permanent magnets of cylindrical shape; 9 - fixed permanent magnets; 10 - stabilizer.

Figure 2 - the master device at the time of its separation from the shell of the projectile. The detachable master device (2) consists of three annular sectors with a cavity (3) at the front and rear (4) ends. Each supporting ring sector is made of duralumin alloy and is assembled independently, while the cylindrical permanent magnets are installed in the mounting seats of the sector and are tightened with the adjusting screws (6) with a spring (7), each supporting ring sector is mounted on the shell body so that the landing slots with permanent magnets were exactly opposite the center of the stationary permanent magnets, (9) pressed into the shell of the shell (1).

Permanent magnets are installed in the design of the BPS with the same pole arrangement until they come closer, which in the future create the energy of the magnetic field when they come together. The essence of the energy of the magnetic field generated by permanent magnets with the same poles is as follows. With the forced approximation of permanent magnets we will have: firstly, the direction of flow of magnetic particles does not change, it will be oncoming and not shortened; secondly, the repulsive forces of the oncoming magnetic flux of particles increase significantly in the area of the magnetic poles. The repulsion of the same poles of permanent magnets at the moment of their approach is caused by the repulsive forces of the opposing flows of magnetic particles and the additional direction of their path in the zone of the same magnetic fields / 5 /. The magnitude of the repulsive magnetic force depends on the location of the permanent magnets with the same poles relative to each other. The magnitude of the magnetic force will be the greater, the smaller the distance between the permanent magnets with the same poles. In this design, the BPS changes the location of the permanent magnets relative to each other due to the adjusting screws (6) of the master device (2).

The principle of operation of the proposed design with WU magnetic type is as follows. When the projectile leaves the bore and the sectors are released from the sealing rings, the supporting ring sectors due to the action of the magnetic field energy (repulsive magnetic forces), powder gases and the incoming air flow acting on the cavity of the ring sectors, freely fly apart due to the equality of the overturning ring sector of moments of aerodynamic, gasdynamic and magnetic forces / 4, 5 /:

where F _cart - the resulting aerodynamic force acting on the front cavity of the supporting annular sector;

X _goal - the distance from the center of mass of the supporting ring sector to the line of action of the resulting aerodynamic force;

P _g - the resulting pressure force of the powder gases acting on the bottom cavity of the supporting annular sector;

X _don - the distance from the center of mass of the supporting ring sector to the line of action of the resulting pressure force of the powder gases;

F _m1,2 - lifting magnetic force acting on the sector of the master device;

h ₁ , h ₂ - the distance from the center of mass of the supporting ring sector to the line of action of the lifting magnetic force / 5 /.

With proper separation, the detachment of the supporting ring sectors from the armor-piercing subcaliber projectile occurs smoothly and simultaneously, provided:

where Yc = Py + Fy is the resulting lifting force;

Fm = F _m1 + F _m2 - resulting lifting magnetic force;

G = mg - gravity;

The magnetic field energy is mainly spent on detaching the support ring sector from the shell of the projectile at the initial moment of separation, due to which there is a smooth and symmetrical separation of the support ring sectors of the WU.

List of references

1. US Patent No. 4326464, publ. 27.4.82, MKI R42V 13/15 - prototype.

2. Patent RU 2176376 C1, publ. November 27, 2001, IPC7 F42B 14/06 - analogue.

3. Yablonsky A.A. The course of theoretical mechanics. Part II - M.: Publishing. Higher School, 1984.

4. Handbook of mechanical engineering, t.4, book 2, edited by a professor, Doctor of Technical Sciences NS Acerkana - M .: Publishing. "MASHGIZ", 1963.

5. Polyanin A.D., Polyanin V.D. et al. Handbook for students of technical universities. 2nd ed. - M.:. Astrel, 2002, p. 232.

Claims (1)

An armor-piercing piercing projectile containing a housing and a master device consisting of supporting ring sectors of the coil type, characterized in that within each sector there are two landing slots perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the projectile located symmetrically to the left and right relative to the center of mass of the sector and in which the permanent magnets of the cylindrical forms, opposite which are mounted on the body fixed permanent magnets of cylindrical shape, while the sectors of the master device are mounted with the ability to separate from the armor-piercing subcaliber projectile subject to the condition F _cart X _goal + F _m1 h ₁ = P _g X _don + F _m2 h ₂ , where F _cart is the resulting aerodynamic force acting on the front cavity of the support ring sector, X _goal is the distance from the center of mass of the support ring sector to the line of action of the resulting aerodynamic force, P _g is the resulting pressure force of the powder gases acting on the bottom cavity of the support ring sector, X _don is the distance from the center of mass of the support ring sector to the line of action of the result pressure of the powder gases, F _m1 , F _m2 - lifting magnetic forces acting on the sector of the master device, h ₁ , h ₂ - the distance from the center of mass of the supporting ring sector to the line of action of the lifting magnetic force.

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