RU2297531C1 - Mobile testing complex - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engineering of mobile measuring complexes for oil and gas industry, possible use for monitoring extraction of oil and gas deposits.

SUBSTANCE: mobile testing complex contains gas-liquid mixture receiving line, separator, filter, multi-phased flow meter, gas counter, electronic block in composition of indicators of temperature, pressure, capacity and gas, functional transformer including five analog-digital converters and read-only memory device, personal computer, monitor, keyboard, printing device, communication system including satellite phone with antenna, satellite relay with antenna system, ground satellite communication station with antenna system, modem, client mobile radio communication station with telescopic mast and antenna mounted thereon, dispatching station with personal computer. Complex is made in mobile form, while its main equipment and machinery are located in box body on chassis of an all-terrain vehicle, and telescopic mast with antenna mounted on it are positioned outside the body.

EFFECT: decreased well testing time, increased precision when measuring characteristics of gas-liquid mixture stream incoming from well.

5 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to measuring complexes in a mobile design for the oil and gas industry and can be used to control the development of oil and gas deposits.

When developing oil and gas fields, it becomes necessary to monitor and diagnose wells in order to determine the flow rate of oil, gas and water and the possibility of operating the well on a periodic basis.

To monitor and diagnose wells, various devices and complexes are used, based on various methods of measuring the flow of fluid and gas passing through the drill pipe or pipe, and using various kinds of flow meters to determine its quantitative characteristics, such as volume, mass, and temperature.

Known devices for testing and metering the flow of oil and gas entering the pipeline from the well contain a downhole tool with a controlled neutron source, an information collection circuit, a telemetry information transmission system, pulse shapers, a time analyzer and a computerized recorder [1, 2].

The disadvantages of these devices are that the methods used to take into account the consumption of oil, gas and other components are based on complex mathematical calculations, and it takes considerable time to test using these devices, and the use of gamma-ray generators in research can be harmful health effects of researchers. Therefore, it is necessary to provide additional protection for maintenance personnel from the harmful effects of the emitter.

Well research facilities are also known in which the individual components of a multiphase flow are directly determined. So, it is known a device for measuring the liquid level in a well, comprising an industrial controller, a fixed volume bypass capacity with inlet and outlet nozzles, a pneumatic line for communicating the gas cavity of the well with a bypass capacity, and a pressure sensor [3].

However, the use of this device is limited due to the lack of the ability to measure and account for all the characteristics of a multiphase flow.

Of the known devices for accounting for oil and gas consumption in well surveys, the closest in technical essence is a device for receiving information from the bottomhole via a hydraulic communication channel [4].

This device contains a pressure sensor installed in the discharge line of the pump, a downhole telemetry system device with a hydraulic communication channel, an electronic unit consisting of a capacitance meter, a temperature sensor and a functional converter, consisting of two analog-to-digital converters and a permanent storage device, a personal computer, a monitor and a printing device.

The principle of operation of the known device for researching wells is that when the downhole tool of the telemetry system with a hydraulic communication channel is excited positive pressure pulses that carry information about the measured parameters that are recorded by the pressure sensor. Pressure measurement is carried out due to the influence of a pressure pulse on the capacitor installed in the pressure sensor. In this case, the body bends and the gap between the capacitor plates decreases. As a result of this, the capacitance of the capacitor, which is formed by an electrically separated case and insert, changes. The capacitance of this capacitor is measured by a capacitance meter. The signal from the output of the capacitance meter is fed to the input of the first analog-to-digital converter (ADC) of the functional converter, which simultaneously receives a signal from the temperature sensor through the second ADC. The first and second ADCs digitize the received signals and transmit them to a read-only memory (ROM), which previously contains calibration data for the signal level versus pressure and temperature. This allows you to uniquely determine the pressure inside the pressure sensor.

The signal from the pressure sensor is fed to an electronic unit and then to a personal computer, where the received information is processed and displayed in a form convenient for the operator on a monitor and, if necessary, displayed on a printing device.

A disadvantage of the known device is that it can be used to study wells in a stationary position with the provision of measuring only one or two components of a multiphase flow and other devices will be required to determine the remaining components. This leads to a significant complication of the test process and an increase in the time required for this. According to one or two measured parameters, it is also impossible to quickly enough calculate the flow rate of oil and gas coming from the well. Moreover, the accuracy of the results obtained is low due to the significant variation in the measured capacitance of the capacitor. In addition, this device does not have the ability to transfer the results to a data analysis and processing center for making operational decisions in case of emergency situations at the well or in the pipeline, and there is no possibility of remote control of the multiphase flow research process.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the time of testing wells and improve the accuracy of measuring the flow characteristics of the gas-liquid mixture coming from it.

This goal is achieved in that in a mobile test complex containing an electronic unit comprising a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a capacitance sensor and a functional converter, including the first and second analog-to-digital converters and read-only memory, a personal computer, a monitor and a printing device while the information (electrical) outputs of the temperature and capacitance sensors are connected respectively to the inputs of the first and second analog-to-digital converters, outputs the odes of which are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of a permanent storage device, the input-output of which is connected to the first input-output of a personal computer, the second and third inputs and outputs of which are connected respectively to the inputs and outputs of a monitor and a printing device, a gas-liquid mixture receiving line is introduced, a separator designed to separate the incoming stream into two phases - gas and oil-water, a filter connected in series with a fluid and a multiphase flow meter, gas meter, in In addition, a gas sensor and a conductivity sensor were additionally introduced into the electronic unit, a third, fourth and fifth analog-to-digital converters were additionally introduced into the functional converter, as well as a keyboard, a communication system, including a satellite telephone with an antenna, a satellite repeater with an antenna system, and a ground a satellite communication station with an antenna system, a modem and a mobile radio subscriber station with an antenna, a control room with a personal computer, while the output of the gas reception line the fluid mixture is connected to the inlet of the separator, the gas phase outlet through a gas meter is connected to the first input of the gas-liquid mixture receiving line, the separator output through the filter is connected to the input of the multiphase flow meter, the oil-water phase output of which is connected to the second input of the gas-liquid reception line mixtures, the first, second and third outputs of the multiphase flow meter are connected by electrical connections to the inputs of the capacitance sensor, pressure sensor and sensor, respectively The outputs of the pressure sensor and the conductivity sensor through the third and fourth analog-to-digital converters are connected respectively to the first and second additional inputs of the read-only memory, the third additional input of which is connected through the fifth analog-to-digital converter to the output of the gas sensor, the input of which is connected by electrical communication with the information output of the gas meter, the keyboard input-output is connected to the fourth input-output of a personal computer, the control output of which о is connected to the control input of the gas-liquid mixture receiving line, the fifth input-output of a personal computer is connected to the input-output of the satellite telephone of the communication system, to the high-frequency part of which is connected an antenna connected via the radio interface to the antenna system of the satellite repeater connected via the radio interface to the satellite ground station connected via a wired communication line to the personal computer of the control room, the sixth input-output of a personal computer through a modem is connected n with a channel input-output of a subscriber station of a mobile radio communication, the high-frequency part of which is connected to an antenna mounted on a telescopic mast.

The personal computer of the complex contains a system unit consisting of a motherboard on which the microprocessor, system bus, random access memory, reprogrammable read-only memory and keyboard controller, monitor adapter, port adapter, disk controller, additional device controller, hard magnetic disk, disk drive are located for connecting a floppy disk, system software and special application software supplied located on the hard disk drive, and the microprocessor inputs / outputs are connected via the system bus to the inputs / outputs of random access memory, reprogrammable read-only memory device, monitor adapter, port adapter, disk controller, keyboard controller and additional device controller, system input-output the highway through the data bus is connected to the input-output of the read-only memory of the functional converter, the second inputs and outputs of the monitor adapter pa are connected to the inputs and outputs of the monitor, the second inputs and outputs of the port adapter are connected to the inputs and outputs of the printing device, the second inputs and outputs of the disk controller are connected to the corresponding inputs and outputs of the drive and the hard magnetic disk, the second inputs and outputs of the keyboard controller are connected to the inputs- keyboard outputs, the second inputs / outputs of the controller of additional devices are connected to the channel input-output of a satellite telephone, while the input-output of the system bus via the data bus is the first input-output the personal computer, the second, third, fourth and fifth inputs and outputs of which are the second inputs and outputs, respectively, of the monitor adapter, port adapter, controller of additional devices and keyboard controller, the sixth input-output of the personal computer is the third input-output of the controller of additional devices connected with the modem input / output, the personal computer output control is the system bus output via the control bus connected to the control input of the reception line ozhidkostnoy mixture.

The special software of the complex contains a controlled program for automatically measuring the characteristics of the gas-liquid mixture flow and calculating the volume, quantity and flow rate of oil and gas based on formulas tested in production.

The complex is characterized in that to ensure transportation and increase mobility, it is located in an all-metal van body on the chassis of an all-terrain vehicle, while the van body is divided into two compartments: a front compartment with a side door to enter it and a rear compartment with an equipped entrance door moreover, in the rear compartment there is a line for receiving a gas-liquid mixture, a multiphase flow meter and electronic equipment, in the front compartment there are workstations with a personal computer installed on them, a monitor The speaker, printer and keyboard, satellite phone, modem and mobile radio subscriber station, and the telescopic mast and antenna of the mobile radio subscriber station are located outside the box body.

The inventive combination of elements and communications allows to achieve the goal due to the original combination of equipment, equipment and devices used in telemetry systems and communication systems, both in their direct and non-standard applications.

When studying well-known technical solutions in this technical field, the totality of features that distinguish the claimed object was not identified. The proposed solution is significantly different from the known.

The claimed solution explicitly does not follow from the prior art and has an inventive step.

The inventive mobile test complex can be implemented using existing in telemetry, computer networks and communication systems means, apparatus and equipment and is industrially applicable.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the claimed mobile test complex is characterized by the presence of new units: a gas-liquid mixture receiving line, a separator, a multiphase flow meter, a gas meter, a conductivity sensor, a gas sensor, three additional analog-to-digital converters as part of an electronic unit, a keyboard for a personal computer , communication systems as part of a satellite telephone with an antenna, a satellite repeater with an antenna system and a satellite communication subscriber station with an antenna a system and a control room with a personal computer, as well as changing their connections with other circuit elements and placing the apparatus and equipment of the complex in a box body on an off-road vehicle chassis to ensure quick delivery of the complex to areas where wells are located or where pipelines pass.

These differences allow us to conclude that the claimed technical solutions meet the criterion of "novelty." The features distinguishing the claimed technical solution from the prototype are not identified in other technical solutions when studying this and related areas of technology and, therefore, provide the claimed solutions with the criterion of "significant differences".

Figure 1 presents a functional diagram of a mobile test complex, figure 2 and 3 shows the structural diagrams of a personal computer and satellite phone, and figure 4 shows a General view of a mobile test complex and the placement of equipment in the rear compartment of the van on the chassis of the car patency.

The proposed mobile test complex contains (see Fig. 1) a line 1 for receiving a gas-liquid mixture, a separator 2, a filter 3, a multiphase flow meter 4, a gas meter 5, an electronic unit 6 comprising a temperature sensor 7, a pressure sensor 8, a tank sensor 9, a sensor conductivity 10, a gas sensor 11 and a functional converter 12, consisting of the first 13, second 14, third 15, fourth 16, fifth 17 analog-to-digital converters (ADC) and read-only memory (ROM) 18, personal computer 19, monitor 20, keyboard 21 typing device 22, a communication system 23 comprising a satellite telephone 24 with an antenna 25, a satellite repeater 26 with an antenna system 27, a ground-based satellite communication station 28 with an antenna system 29, a modem 30, a mobile radio subscriber station 31 with an antenna 33 mounted on a telescopic mast 32, and control room 34 with a personal computer 35.

The personal computer 19 contains (see Fig. 2) a system unit 36 as part of the motherboard 37, on which the microprocessor 38, the system bus 39, random access memory 40, reprogrammable read-only memory 41 and the keyboard controller 42, monitor adapter 43, adapter are located ports 44, disk controller 45, additional device controller 46, hard disk drive 47, disk drive 48 for connecting a floppy disk, system software 49 and special application software on the security 50 supplied on the hard disk drive 47.

The satellite telephone contains (see FIG. 3) a microphone 51, an analog-to-digital converter 52, a microprocessor 53, a memory 54, a display 55, a keyboard 56, a transceiver 57, a filter unit 58 to which an antenna 25 is connected, a digital-to-analog converter 59, a speaker 60 , codec 61, interface unit 62 and SIM card 63.

The mobile test complex is located (see Fig. 4) in a box body mounted on the chassis of a cross-country vehicle, while the box body is divided into two compartments: a front compartment having a side door to enter the compartment and a rear compartment with an entrance door in which the receiving line 1 of the gas-liquid mixture, the separator 2, the filter 3, the multiphase flow meter 4, the gas meter 5, the electronic unit 6 as a part of the temperature sensor 7, capacity sensor 8, pressure sensor 9, conductivity sensor 10 and gas sensor 11 are located, in front compartment features on-line converter 12 as part of the first 13, second 14, third 15, fourth 16 and fifth 17 analog-to-digital converters and read-only memory 18, personal computer 19, monitor 20, keyboard 21, printing device 22, communication system 23 as part of a satellite telephone 24 with an antenna 25, a mobile radio subscriber station 31 and a modem 30, and a telescopic mast 32 with an antenna 33 installed on it is located outside the box body. The satellite repeater 26 with the antenna system 27 is located on the spacecraft, and the satellite communications subscriber station 28 with the antenna system 29 are located near the control room 34, at the workplace of which is located a personal computer 35.

The output of the gas-liquid mixture receiving line 1 is connected to the input of the separator 2, the gas phase outlet through the gas meter 5 is connected to the first input of the gas-liquid mixture receiving line 1, the separator 2 is connected through the filter 3 to the input of the multiphase flow meter 4, the output the oil-water phase of which is connected to the second input of the reception line 1 of the gas-liquid mixture, the first, second and third outputs of the multiphase flow meter 4 are connected by electrical connections to the inputs of the capacitance sensor 8, dates pressure indicator 9 and conductivity sensor 10. The output of the gas-liquid mixture receiving line 1 through a temperature sensor 7 is connected to the input of the first 13 analog-to-digital converter, the output of which is connected to the first input of the read-only memory device 18, the second input of which is connected through the second 14 analog-to-digital converter with the output of the capacitance sensor, the outputs of the pressure sensor 9 and the conductivity sensor 10 through the third 15 and fourth 16 analog-to-digital converters are connected respectively to the first and second additional inputs a permanent storage device 18, the third additional input of which through the fifth 17 analog-to-digital converter is connected to the output of the gas sensor 7, the input of which is connected by electrical connection to the information output of the gas meter 5, the input-output of the keyboard 21 is connected to the fourth input-output of the personal computer 19 the control output of which is connected to the control input of the reception line 1 of the gas-liquid mixture, the fifth input-output of the personal computer 19 is connected to the input-output of the satellite telephone 24 of the system montage, to the high-frequency part of which the antenna 25 is connected, connected via the radio interface to the antenna system 27 of the satellite relay 26, connected via the radio interface to the antenna system 29 of the satellite ground station 28, connected via a wired communication line to the personal computer 35 of the control room 34, the sixth input the output of the personal computer 19 through the modem 30 is connected to the channel input-output of the subscriber station of the mobile radio communications 31, the high-frequency part of which is connected to the antenna 33, set mounted on the telescopic mast 32.

The inputs and outputs of the microprocessor 38 of the motherboard 37 of the system unit 36 are connected through the system line 39 to the inputs / outputs of the random access memory 40, reprogrammable read-only memory 41, a monitor adapter 42, a port adapter 43, a keyboard controller 44, a disk controller 45, and an additional device controller 46, the input / output of the system highway 39 is connected via a data bus to the input / output of the read-only memory 18 of the functional converter 12 of the electronic unit 6. The second the odes and outputs of the monitor adapter 42 are connected to the inputs and outputs of the monitor 20, the second inputs and outputs of the port adapter 43 are connected to the inputs and outputs of the printing device 22, the second inputs and outputs of the keyboard controller 44 are connected to the inputs and outputs of the keyboard 21, the second inputs and outputs of the controller disks 45 are connected to the corresponding inputs and outputs of the drive 48 and the hard magnetic disk 47, the second inputs and outputs of the controller of additional devices 46 are connected to the channel input-output of the satellite telephone 24. The input-output of the system highway 39 there is no data is the first input-output of the personal computer 18, the second, third, fourth and fifth inputs and outputs of which are the second inputs and outputs of the monitor adapter 42, port adapter 43, accessory controller 46 and keyboard controller 44, and the sixth personal input-output computer 19 is the third input-output of the controller of additional devices 46 connected to the input-output of the modem 30, the control output of the personal computer 19 is the output of the system line 39 via the control bus Nia coupled to a control input line 1 receiving the gas-liquid mixture.

The microphone output 51 of the satellite telephone 24 through an analog-to-digital converter 52 is connected to the first input of the microprocessor 53, to the first, second and third inputs-outputs of which are connected respectively a memory 54, a display 55 and a keyboard 56, the output of the microprocessor is connected to the channel input of the transceiver 57, the output the high-frequency part of which is connected to the input of the filter unit 58, to which the transceiver antenna 25 is connected, the output of the filter unit 58 is connected to the input of the high-frequency part of the transceiver 57, channel output connected to the second input of the microprocessor 53, the second output of which through the digital-to-analog converter 59 is connected to the input of the loudspeaker 60, the fourth, fifth and sixth inputs / outputs of the microprocessor 53 are connected respectively to the inputs / outputs of the codec 61, the block of interfaces 62 and SIM card 63, the second the input-output of the codec 61 is connected to the second input-output of the interface unit 62, while the third input-output of the interface unit 62 is a channel input-output of the satellite telephone 24 and is connected to the fifth input-output by the RS-232 interface th computer 19.

The receiving line 1 of the gas-liquid mixture of the mobile test complex can be made in the form of a block containing a sampling device, including a hollow body installed in the pressure pipe, inside which there is a rotary body for controlling the flow of a multicomponent gas-liquid medium, a sampling chamber with inlet electromechanical valves, a shut-off body with a sampling drive valve located inside the housing, a handle and a guide tube. The inlet electromechanical valve of the intake chamber of the intake line 1 of the gas-liquid mixture can be controlled manually by means of a handle and / or remotely by acting on the valve with electrical signals from a personal computer 19.

The separator 2 is designed to separate the gas-liquid mixture coming from the intake line 1 into two phases: the gas phase and the oil-water phase, while the gas phase is transmitted to the input of the gas meter 5, and the oil-water phase is fed to the input of the filter 3. As such a separator 2 can be used any industry separator such as CDS-Gasunie.

The filter 3 is designed to capture persistent mechanical impurities in the gas-liquid mixture coming from the separator 2, and to protect the multiphase flow meter 4 from sand and small solid objects, which can affect the cleanliness of the inner surface of the flow meter and impair the accuracy of the measurements.

Multiphase flow meter 4 is designed to measure the components of the flow coming from the well. As such a flowmeter, a Top Flow multiphase counter can be used, which is a durable Venturi tube with an elongated neck, in which electrodes are installed that use capacitance and active conductivity to determine the components of the gas-liquid mixture flow, and also containing a pressure sensor, by which the pressure drop is determined, used to measure the density of individual components of a stream passing through a venturi. It is a meter that combines serial and proven measurement technology in one compact unit.

The sensor is a robust venturi with an elongated neck and electrodes that use capacitance and active conductivity and are installed in the neck of the venturi. The differential pressure transducer is used to measure the density of the individual components of the flow coming from the well. This new approach to measuring fluid density eliminates the need for a radioactive source commonly used in this type of flow meter.

The Top Flow meter covers a wide range of measurements, including all values of water, salt, viscosity and flow conditions without the need for conditioning of the flow before and after the meter. With its help, operational data collection is provided on the output signals of the meter and fault detection for operating parameters. The ability of a Top Flow multiphase meter to measure fluid density in the absence of a radioactive source has advantages in terms of health, safety and environmental conditions.

The above parameters are recorded digitally and can be displayed on the on-board computer monitor to monitor the measurement results directly during logging.

The gas meter 5 is designed to determine the volume and mass of gas in the multiphase flow coming from the well, necessary to account for the flow rate and identify potential capabilities of the well. As such a meter, a SG-16M turbine gas meter, a RVG type rotary meter, or a device for measuring the movement of liquid or gas in a pipeline made according to patent No. 2234682 can be used.

An electronic unit 6 comprising a temperature sensor 7, a capacitance sensor 8, a pressure sensor 9, a conductivity sensor 10 and a gas sensor 11, a functional converter 12, including a first 13, a second 14, a third 15, a fourth 16 and a fifth 17 analog-to-digital converters as well as a permanent storage device 18 is intended for continuous monitoring of the state of a multiphase flow, converting the flow parameters into value values and storing them for subsequent use in calculating the characteristics of the component ENTOV stream.

As the temperature sensor 7 can be used thermocouples having a built-in measuring transducer and providing the conversion of the measured temperature into a unified current output signal with the possibility of transmitting it to a personal computer.

The sensors of the capacitance 8 and conductivity 10 are made in the form of electrodes built into the venturi of the multiphase flowmeter 4, and the pressure sensor 9 is the conical part of the venturi, from the electrodes of which the readings in the form of differential pressure are taken, the calculations of which will be given below.

As a gas sensor 11, an ultrasonic gas meter "Gazdevice" can be used, for example, of the type UBSG or AGAT, which provide automatic calculation of readings taking into account temperature and pressure or gas density and the output of data to a personal computer.

The personal computer 19 is designed to carry out all types of calculations of characteristics, total flow rate according to the control of the flow condition and the control of the process of well testing itself.

A personal computer 19 can be performed using unified modules of domestic production of general use for Baguet computers, the composition of which is given in [6], or intelligent input / output modules, for example, DCS-2000 series, and also such a computer can be used a laptop computer such as Notebook, which has a liquid crystal display and a built-in keyboard to replace separately available monitor 20 and keyboard 21. As a printing device 22, a small-sized printer of firms s Toshiba. The device 22 is intended for imprinting the measurement results and received through communication channels of commands and messages.

Computer 19 uses the OS9 real-time operating system, which allows all kinds of calculations of flow rate, total flow rate, and control of the entire research process. The interaction between the blocks is carried out using the TCP / IP standard. There is also a PC-based operator interface for individual operations using TCP / IP-based LAN / WAN or RS-232 protocol. In addition, there are several interface protocols for communication with the SCADA system. The program is compatible with temperature, pressure, capacitance, conductivity and gas sensors.

Communication system 23 is designed to transmit the obtained test results to the information analysis and processing center, located at a considerable distance from the test site, as well as to local data collection points. In the first case, a satellite communication system is used for this, including a satellite telephone 24 with an antenna 25, a satellite repeater 26 with an antenna system 27, and a ground-based satellite communication station 28 with an antenna system 29, located near the control center 34, which includes a personal computer 35.

Satellite phone 24 is a compact design with a built-in antenna 25 that does not require orientation to the satellite (satellite repeater 26 with antenna system 27). Satellite phone has a simple control system. Dialing is done using the push-button dialing field. The system automatically finds a free channel and fixes it during a conversation. In such telephones, as a rule, frequency or time multiplexing (separation) of channels is used. The communication channel of the satellite telephone 24 provides telephone communications and data transmission. As a satellite telephone 24, a Globalstar type GSP 1410 telephone can be used.

A satellite communication ground station 28 with an antenna system 29 is intended for organizing a channel for operative transmission of measurement data to a data analysis and processing center — to a control room 34 or a control center. As such station 28, any of the stations commercially produced by the domestic industry can be used, the structure and technical capabilities of which are given in [7].

The antenna system 29 of the satellite communication station 28 includes a transceiver antenna, which is, for example, a single-mirror parabolic antenna, consisting of a mirror with an irradiating system, a rotary support device and guidance equipment.

Modem 30 is designed to convert tone frequency signals to digital form and reverse convert from digital form to analog tone frequency signal to ensure the operation of personal computer 19 via standard communication channels (satellite phone 24 or mobile radio subscriber station 31) via an RS-232 interface with a transmission speed of 1200 and 2400 bps. As such a block, modems of a tonal frequency such as "Modem-1200" or "Modem-2400" can be used.

A mobile radio subscriber station 31 together with an antenna 33 mounted on a telescopic mast 32 is designed to organize access to a mobile radio communication network with the aim of providing a local telephone network in the event of an emergency on the studied telephone channels and transmitting data to subscribers of the telephone network to organize interaction with the administration of the respective region or district. As such a station, for example, a subscriber station R-169 VM from a complex of radio stations R-169 can be used, the structural diagram and technical capabilities of which are given in [8].

The principle of operation of the mobile test complex is as follows.

The multiphase flow of a gas-liquid mixture through the intake line 1 enters the inlet of the separator 2, which separates the multiphase flow into two phases: gas and oil-water. The gas phase from the output of the separator 2 through the gas meter 5 enters the first input of the intake line 1 of the gas-liquid mixture.

The gas meter 5 calculates the volume of gas passing through it, and outputs the parameters to the input of the gas sensor 7, the output signals of which through the fifth 17 analog-to-digital converter are fed to read-only memory 18 for storage and subsequent output of data to a personal computer 19 for analysis and processing.

The oil-water phase from the second output of the separator 2 through the filter 3 is fed to the input of the multiphase flow meter 4, in which the volumetric and mass flow rate of the oil-water phase of the gas-liquid mixture from the well is calculated. The calculation is determined by the method of variable pressure drop. The principle of the method is that in the neck of the venturi, through which the medium flows, a narrowing is performed, which also ensures a narrowing of the mixture flow. Due to the transition of part of the potential energy of the flow to the kinetic average velocity in the narrowed section of the pipe increases, as a result of which the static pressure in this section becomes less than the static pressure in front of the narrowing section. The difference in these pressures is greater, the greater the flow rate of the flowing medium, and, therefore, it can serve as a measure of flow.

Based on the well-known mathematical expressions, knowing the differential pressure dP and the flow velocity V, we can determine the flux density Pc as the quotient of dividing the differential pressure dP by the square of the velocity V by the formula

Based on the obtained value of the flux density, the volume and, accordingly, the mass of the oil-water phase of the gas-liquid mixture can be calculated from the known ratio between the flux density, volume and cross-sectional area in the narrowed part of the venturi.

The actual mass flow rate of the medium is less than calculated by the theoretical equation. Correction of the results is carried out taking into account correction factors that take into account the composition of the mixture and the ratio between the water and oil fractions. This adjustment is carried out according to the results of measuring the capacitance and active conductivity, the values of which are taken from the sensors of the capacitance 8 and conductivity 10, made in the form of electrodes installed in the channel of the venturi.

The obtained results of measurements of capacitance, conductivity and pressure through a read-only memory device 18 are sent to a personal computer 19, the microprocessor 38 of which, on the basis of the obtained data, calculates the corresponding individual components (volume, mass and density) of the multiphase flow using special application software built into the computer 19 , which provides management of report files, graphical display of all parameters and static analysis with the output of results and measurements on the monitor 20 and printing them using a printing device 22. In this case, the interaction between the read-only memory device 18, in which the temperature, capacity, pressure, conductivity and gas parameters measured from the sensors are stored from the sensors, and the personal computer 19 is carried out at two RS joints -232 and RS-485. For these purposes, a process control program such as SCADA is used. The software is designed for the Windows NT operating system and includes a utility for generating configuration files for modem 30.

Mass and volumetric flow rates of oil, gas and water in a multiphase well flow are calculated based on the mathematical expressions laid down in the program and using additional calculated ratios and graphical dependencies as a percentage of the fractions of the gas-liquid mixture.

To transfer data through a switched channel connection using the channels of the AMPS satellite communications system, digital data must first be converted to tones using a separate modem or PC modem card. The modem is also used when communicating via a standard wired public switched telephone network (PSTN).

Data is transmitted from the personal computer 19 to the control room 34 through the channel of the satellite communication system using both the AMPS protocol (for systems with frequency division of channels) and the CDMA protocol (multiple access systems with code division of channels) via satellite telephone 24 with antenna 25 . Data transmission is preceded by the establishment of a channel connection and telephone communications.

Satellite phone 24 is activated by pressing the power button. To transmit a voice message, the operator enters the desired phone number using the keypad and then presses the transmit button. When transmitting data, the desired phone number is issued by the personal computer 19 and the transfer function is automatically activated by the satellite telephone 24.

Telephone communications via satellite communications is as follows. Voice is transmitted using the microphone 51 of the satellite telephone 24. In this case, the analog signal from the output of the microphone 51 is fed to the input of an analog-to-digital converter 52, which converts it into digital form and transfers it to the input of the microprocessor 53. An information digital signal is generated in the microprocessor 53, which from the output of the microprocessor 53 enters the transceiver 57, where it is converted using a modulating signal and the formation of a radio signal, which after amplification to the required ur a pig through a filter unit 58 enters the antenna 25. From the output of the antenna 25, the signal is transmitted over the radio interface to the antenna system 27 of the satellite relay 26 and transmitted through it to the antenna system 29 of the satellite ground station 28. After processing, the signal received by the satellite ground station 28 is transmitted to terminal intercom station or transmitted over a wired line directly to the personal computer 35 of the control room 34.

The response of the operator from the control room from a personal computer 35 via a wired line enters the ground station of satellite communication 28 and is received by the antenna 25 of the satellite telephone 24. The signal received by the antenna 25 through the filter unit 58 is fed to the input of the transceiver 57, where the radio signal is converted into the form necessary for receiving microprocessor 53, in which the formation of an information digital signal and its transmission to the input of the digital-to-analog Converter 59, where the conversion of numbers Vågå signal to analog form, and a speech signal restoring followed by gain, which is perceived by the speaker 60.

To transfer data, the telephone number is issued by the personal computer 19 either from the memory device contained therein or by user input from the keyboard 21 of the personal computer 19. The telephone number is sent to the satellite telephone 24 using a PC modem card. Satellite telephone 19 makes contact with the satellite ground station 28 through satellite repeater 26 to receive a traffic channel using the CDMA protocol. After the traffic channel is received, the satellite telephone 24 transmits the corresponding signals to the PC modem board identifying the channel as a CDMA mode channel. Satellite telephone 24 also provides for placing a telephone call using a traffic channel to a desired telephone number.

After the telephone call is connected, the data to be transferred from the personal computer 19 is sent to the PC modem card in the form of data transmission signals. The PC modem card converts the received data signals to RS-232E signals for transmission over the interconnect cable to satellite telephone 24. Satellite phone 24 converts the received RS-232E signals to signals corresponding to transmission in CDMA mode, and then using the antenna 25 through the antenna system 27 of the satellite repeater 26 transmits signals to a satellite communication ground station 28, from the output of which the signals are sent to the control room 34 to a personal computer 35.

The response signals received by the satellite telephone 24 are converted therein to conventional data signals for subsequent transmission to a personal computer 19.

In AMPS mode, the signals received by the PC modem card from a personal computer are converted into PCM signals and sent to satellite telephone 24 via PCM lines of the interconnect cable. Satellite phone 24 converts PCM signals into AMPS signals for transmission to satellite ground station 28. AMPS mode response signals are converted by satellite phone 24 to PCM signals, sent via an interconnect cable to a PC modem card for conversion to modulated data signals for subsequent transmission to a personal computer 19.

A PC modem card typically includes an AT control system, a data processing unit, a modem, a codec, and a level conversion unit, and also contains a serial port and an PCM port for connecting to the corresponding lines of the interconnect cable. The AT-control system, the data processing unit, the modem and the codec together form a means for converting the data signals received from the personal computer 19 into RS-232E signals for transmission to the satellite telephone 24 in CDMA mode.

The signals are received in satellite telephone 24 through a serial port and sent to the converter of the RS-232 protocol in mdcr. The RS-232E signals are converted into CDMA protocol signals for routing to the transceiver 57 for subsequent transmission using the antenna 25. The CDMA response signals go along the opposite path for converting the satellite phone 24 to RS-232 signals and for converting them to PC signals in the modem card suitable for transmission to a personal computer 19. The described data transfer functions in the satellite telephone 24 are provided by hardware and software that implement the corresponding conversion required for processing RS-232E signals and PCM signals. The necessary formatting, compression and other processing of the transmitted data is carried out in accordance with one of many standards, such as V42.bis, TCP, IP and PPP.

Data received from the personal computer 19 is sent via the AT / IS-99 command processor, which sends the corresponding commands via the interconnect cable to the satellite telephone 24 through the serial connection port for setting the traffic channel.

Telephone and data transmission over the communication channel of the mobile radio subscriber station 31 is carried out through a modem 30 connected by a digital input-output at the RS-232 interface to the personal computer 19. To establish a connection via the mobile radio station 31, the telephone number of the called subscriber is issued by the personal computer 19 either from the memory device contained in it, or using user input from the keyboard 21 of the personal computer 19. The telephone number is digitally transmitted from the output of the personal computer 19 to the input of the modem 30, in which the telephone number data is converted into modulated signals and transmitted to the channel input of the mobile radio subscriber station 31. At the station 31, the received modulated signals are converted to radio signals and radiation using an antenna 33. To increase the range the radio antenna 33 station 31 is placed on a telescopic mast 32. From the output of the antenna 33 on the radio interface, the subscriber call signals are received at the base station of the mobile radio and through it similar to the subscriber station included in automatic telephone exchange telephone network (PSTN). The response of the called subscriber passes through the return path, is received by the personal computer 19 and is issued to the voice communication card.

Data transmission on the channel of the mobile radio subscriber station 31 is carried out similarly to that described for the satellite communication channel using the AMPS protocol (for systems with frequency division multiplexing). The data link is arranged via modem 30, as described above.

The technical efficiency of the proposed mobile test complex is to reduce the time of the test cycle of a well in operation, and to increase the accuracy of measuring multiphase flow parameters. Improving the accuracy of measuring the characteristics of a multiphase flow is achieved by using a research method based on the simultaneous measurement of volume, mass and other parameters using a multiphase flow meter, separator and gas meter.

The advantage of the mobile complex is that its use allows continuous monitoring of oil, gas and water consumption without shutting down the well, both with local control of the test process and remotely from a control center remote hundreds or thousands of kilometers from the wells under study or from the passage the pipeline. With remote monitoring, it is also possible to promptly intervene in the process of taking a gas-liquid mixture from a well in the event of emergency situations by automatically blocking access to the measuring system of the incoming flow.

A mobile test complex provides advantages not only of a technical nature, such as an increase in well productivity by reducing the time of test results from 10-30 hours (with stationary research) to 4 hours (when using the proposed complex), but also of material and financial nature, including significantly lower installation and operation costs. This is due to the fact that the complex systems need minimal maintenance or do not require it at all.

During the tests of the proposed complex, results were obtained confirming the accuracy of the measurements, comparable with the data obtained using the control separator. At the same time, the measurement accuracy for different composition of the multiphase flow is improved from 10-20 percent to 2-4 percent.

Information sources

1. SU, ed. certificate No. 410353, class G01V 5/00, E21B 47/00, 1974.

2. RU, patent No. 2232409, class. ЕВВ 47/00, G01V 5/00, 2004.

3. RU, patent No. 2232267, class. ЕВВ 47/04, G01F 23/296, 2004.

4. RU, utility model patent No. 33603, class. ЕВВ 47/00, 2003.

5. US patent No. 3817328, class. E21B 47/00, NKI 166-250, 1976.

6. The family of computers "Baguette". - M .: KB "Corund-M", PO Box 10.

7. Satellite Communications and Broadcasting: A Guide. - 3rd ed., Revised. and add. / V.A. Bartenev, G.V. Bolotov, V.L. Bykov et al. Ed. L.Ya. Kantora. - M .: Radio and communications, 1997.

8. The complex of radio facilities R-169. OJSC "Ryazan Radio Plant", 2002.

9. Figurnov V.E. IBM PC for the user. Ed. 6th rev. and add. - M .: INFRA-M, 1996.

Claims (5)

1. A mobile test complex containing an electronic unit comprising a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a capacitance sensor and a functional converter, including the first and second analog-to-digital converters and read-only memory, a personal computer, a monitor and a printing device, while information ( electrical) the outputs of the temperature and capacitance sensors are connected respectively to the inputs of the first and second analog-to-digital converters, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of a permanent storage device, the input-output of which is connected to the first input-output of a personal computer, the second and third inputs and outputs of which are connected respectively to the inputs and outputs of a monitor and a printing device, characterized in that a gas-liquid reception line is introduced into it mixtures, a separator designed to separate the incoming stream into two phases - gas and oil-water, a filter in series with a fluid and a multiphase flow meter, gas meter, composed of electric of this unit, a conductivity sensor and a gas sensor are additionally introduced, a third, fourth and fifth analog-to-digital converters are additionally introduced into the functional converter, as well as a keyboard, a communication system including a satellite telephone with an antenna, a satellite repeater with an antenna system, a ground station satellite communication with an antenna system, a modem and a subscriber station of mobile radio communication with an antenna mounted on a telescopic mast, a control room with a personal computer, and the output of the line for receiving a gas-liquid mixture in fluid is connected to the input of the separator, the output of the gas phase through a gas meter is connected to the first input of the line for receiving a gas-liquid mixture, the output of the separator in fluid through a filter is connected to the input of a multiphase flow meter, the output of the oil-water phase of which is connected to the second input of the gas-liquid mixture receiving line, the first, second and third outputs of the multiphase flow meter are connected by electrical connections to the inputs of the capacitance sensor, sensor, respectively pressure and conductivity sensor, the outputs of the pressure sensor and conductivity sensor through the third and fourth, analog-to-digital converters are connected respectively to the first and second additional inputs of a permanent storage device, the third additional input of which through the fifth analog-to-digital converter is connected to the output of the gas sensor, the input of which through electrical communication connected to the information output of the gas meter, the input-output of the keyboard is connected to the fourth input-output of a personal computer An era whose control output is connected to the control input of the gas-liquid mixture receiving line, the fifth input-output of a personal computer is connected to the input-output of the satellite telephone of the communication system, to the high-frequency part of which is connected an antenna connected via the radio interface to the antenna system of the satellite repeater connected via the radio interface to satellite communication ground station, connected via a wired communication line to the control room personal computer, the sixth input-output of a personal The computer via a modem is connected to the channel input-output of a subscriber station of a mobile radio communication, the high-frequency part of which is connected to an antenna mounted on a telescopic mast. 2. The mobile test complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the personal computer contains a system unit consisting of a motherboard on which the microprocessor, system bus, random access memory, reprogrammable read-only memory device and keyboard controller, monitor adapter, port adapter are located , disk controller, additional device controller, hard magnetic disk, floppy disk drive, system software and special application software supplied on a hard disk drive, the microprocessor inputs and outputs through the system bus connected to the inputs and outputs of random access memory, reprogrammable read-only memory, keyboard controller, monitor adapter, port adapter, disk controller and additional device controller , the input-output of the system bus via the data bus is connected to the input-output of the read-only memory of the functional the converter, the second inputs and outputs of the keyboard controller are connected to the inputs and outputs of the keyboard, the second inputs and outputs of the monitor adapter are connected to the inputs and outputs of the monitor, the second inputs and outputs of the port adapter are connected to the inputs and outputs of the printing device, the second inputs and outputs of the disk controller are connected to the corresponding inputs and outputs of the drive and the hard magnetic disk, the second inputs and outputs of the controller of additional devices are connected to the channel input-output of the satellite telephone, while the input-output of the system the highway through the data bus is the first input-output of a personal computer, the second, third, fourth and fifth inputs and outputs of which are the second inputs and outputs of the monitor adapter, port adapter, controller of additional devices and keyboard controller, the third input-output of the personal computer is the third input-output of the controller of additional devices connected to the input-output of the modem, the control output of a personal computer is the output of the system bus via the control bus Ia connected to a control input line receiving a gas-liquid mixture. 3. The complex according to claim 2, characterized in that the special software contains a controlled program for automatically measuring the flow characteristics of a gas-liquid mixture and calculating the volume, quantity and flow rate of oil and gas based on formulas tested in production. 4. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the satellite phone contains a series-connected microphone, an analog-to-digital converter and a microprocessor, the first, second and third inputs and outputs of which are connected to the inputs and outputs of the memory, display and keyboard, respectively, the microprocessor output is connected with the channel input of the transceiver, the output of the high-frequency part of which is connected to the input of the filter unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the high-frequency part of the transceiver, the channel output of which is connected to the second the microprocessor input, the fourth, fifth and sixth inputs / outputs of which are connected to the inputs / outputs of the codec, interface unit and SIM card, the second input / output of the codec is connected to the second input / output of the interface unit, while a transceiver antenna is connected to the filter unit, the third input-output of the interface unit is a channel input-output of a satellite telephone and is connected to the fifth input-output of a personal computer. 5. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that to ensure transportation and increase mobility, it is placed in an all-metal van body on the chassis of a cross-country vehicle, while the van body is divided into two compartments: a front compartment with a side door to enter it and a rear compartment with an equipped entrance door, and in the rear compartment there is a line for receiving a gas-liquid mixture, a separator, a filter, a multiphase flow meter and electronic equipment, in the front compartment there are workstations equipped with tional computer, monitor, printer and keyboard, a satellite telephone, a modem and a subscriber station, mobile radio, and telescopic mast antenna and mobile radio subscriber station placed outside the box body.

Images