RU2296895C1 - Device for pressing friction disks of clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises driving and driven shafts with concentrically positioned slot members and load-bearing friction disks. The end disk is in a permanent contact with the piston provided with a spring mechanism. The ring space is interposed between the piston and cylinder and connected with the inlet passage of the oil pipe by its one end and with the drain passage by its other end. The drain passage receives the spring-loaded rod valves.

EFFECT: simplified structure.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The proposed device relates to controlled clutches and is intended for installation in multi-speed gearboxes of machines for various purposes.

From the technical literature, multi-plate couplings with hydraulic controls are known [1], a characteristic feature of which is the presence of a piston-cylinder pair. Moreover, each of these elements can be master or slave. So, in the device [1a] the leading is the cylinder, and in the device [1b] the piston. But in both cases, the piston-cylinder moves due to oil pressure filling the sliding annular cavity between these elements, communicating with the inlet of the oil pipe connected to the oil pump. The peculiarity of these devices according to [1a and 1b] is that the hydraulic system in them is constructed in such a way that, when the clutch is disengaged, it is first necessary to drain the oil from the above annular cavity of the piston-cylinder and thereby narrow this cavity and at the same time feed the oil through another channel of the oil pipe in the opposite direction for reverse movement of the piston or cylinder to their original initial position.

Such a dual-flow clutch control hydraulic system is structurally complex and does not have speed.

And from here, the urgent task is to find a simpler in design, operation and speed of the interaction system between the elements of the coupling with its hydraulic control.

The stated task is structurally achieved by the fact that the following changes are made to the design of the coupling, for the closest analogue - the prototype of which the device is taken according to [1b]. First of all, the movable piston is installed with its constant contact with the friction disk closest to it when the latter is connected to the spring-return mechanism, when oil drain channels are placed in the peripheral zones of the cylinder and rod-mounted spring-loaded valves are installed in them. Moreover, it is preferable to install rod-type spring-loaded valves in the radial directions of the cylinder. The proposed device is shown in the attached drawing of figures 1 and 2. The constituent structural elements of the device in figures 1 and 2 are the same, the difference is only in the positions of the coupling itself - in figure 1 it is turned off, and in figure 2 it is turned on. The device includes a leading 1 and driven 2 shafts (which in principle can be interchanged) with a concentric arrangement of their spline elements 3 and 4, bearing friction discs 5 and 6, installed with adjacent alternation relative to each other. In this case, one of the extreme friction discs is contacted on one side with the piston 7, and on the other hand, with a stop from the spring-return mechanism 8, made, for example, in the form of several spring-loaded rods placed in the peripheral zones of the cylinder body 9. The piston 7 is installed in the cylinder 9 with the formation of an annular cavity 10 between them, connected to the oil inlet 11 and, at the other end, to the drain channels 12 located in the peripheral (most remote from the axis of rotation of the shafts 1 and 2) zones of the cylinder 9. In In the main channels 12 of the oil pipe, spring-loaded rod-shaped valves 13 are installed, while their radial directional shafts 1 and 2 are preferred.

The proposed device works as follows. To turn on the clutch (see figure 2), oil is supplied through the inlet channel 11 to the annular cavity 10, as a result of which the valves 13, squeezing their springs, block all drain windows, and the piston 7 starts to move to the left and, acting on the friction disks 5- 6, will begin to move them along the spline elements 3-4, while simultaneously compressing the springs of the return mechanism 8, until all friction discs are fully engaged and the torque is transmitted from shaft 1 to shaft 2 (or vice versa). When the clutch is turned off, the oil supply to the channel 11 and the cavity 10 is stopped, as a result of which the springs of the pinch valves 13 open (see FIG. 1), the valves themselves “shoot” upward, freeing the channel 12 from its overlap and thereby ensuring oil passage to drain it. At the same time, the piston 7 moves away (to the right) under the action of the spring-return mechanism 8. In this case, the contact of the piston 7 with the friction disk closest to it remains, but all other disks relax against each other and the transmission of torque to the driven shaft 2 stops.

Now about the criteria of this invention.

The criterion of "industrial applicability" is ensured by its efficiency and achieved technical and economic advantages. It should be noted that the used single-threaded oil supply and drainage system with constant contact of the piston with friction discs significantly reduces the time it takes to activate the clutch on and off operations. In addition, the use of shut-off valves in this system, which operate automatically depending on the oil pressure in the system, also leads to an accelerated shutdown of the coupling. Particularly noteworthy here is the preferably radial orientation of the shutoff valves in the peripheral zones of the cylinder. The periphery of their arrangement increases the oil pressure from centrifugal force during rotation and thereby accelerates oil drainage, and the radiality makes it possible to balance the centrifugal force of the oil rotating in the cylinder by the centrifugal force of the rotating pinch valve and thereby eliminates the influence of the rotation speed on the valve response.

The criterion of "inventive step" is achieved due to the above-noted significant differences of the proposed device from its closest analogue - the constant contact of the piston with friction discs, a single-line oil pipe system and the installation of rod-type spring-loaded valves in drain channels located in the peripheral zones of the cylinder.

The criterion of "novelty" follows from the totality of the above features.

The source of information

S. N. Kozhevnikov and other mechanisms. Reference manual. Ed. "Engineering", Moscow, 1976

a) Fig. 6.55,

b) fig. 6.56.

Claims (2)

1. A device for pressing the friction discs of the clutch, including the drive and driven shafts with a concentric arrangement of their spline elements, as well as a spring-loaded piston located in the cylinder, in the presence of an oil pipe with inlet and drain channels and an annular cylinder piston cavity, characterized in that the piston is installed with its constant contact with the friction disk closest to it when the latter is connected to the spring-return mechanism, when placing oil drain channels in the peripheral zones of the cylinder and installation of rod-type spring-loaded valves in them. 2. The device for pressing the friction discs of the clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that the pinch valves are installed in the radial directions of the cylinder.

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