RU2296894C2 - Method and device for generating oscillation of fluid flow - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises swirling fluid under pressure and generating at least two oppositely rotating vortices. The swirled fluid flows are separated by the nozzle of the centrifugal nozzle. One of the flows is directed to the space with controlled flexibility, and the other one is connected with the outlet nozzle. The hydrodynamic generator has housing with vortex chamber, swirling passages, outlet nozzle, pressure pipeline connected with swirling passages, and central body mounted in the vortex chamber with a spaced relation to the side and space of controlled flexibility. The space is connected with the intermediate nozzle of the centrifugal nozzle provided with swirling passages of opposite directions through the passages of the outlet nozzle and connected with the space of controlled flexibility.

EFFECT: expanded functional capabilities.

4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

Usage: in technological processes requiring significant amplitudes of fluctuations in flow and pressure.

The invention relates to techniques for exciting fluid flow and pressure fluctuations using hydraulic generators and can be used in various fields of technology:

during washing operations and mining, in various technological processes requiring intense fluctuations in fluid flow and pressure,

for driving mechanisms operating in periodic load mode,

for open or closed hydromassage for health and medical purposes,

for the treatment of aquifers and oil wells.

Known methods for generating oscillations of the fluid flow, namely, that the fluid is supplied under excess pressure and is divided into the main and additional autonomous flows, twist the main flow to form a vortex, and in the additional partially release the pressure and feed it to the periphery of the vortex with a peripheral velocity component lower peripheral speed of the main stream, and an oscillation generator for implementing this method (RF Patent No. 2087756), which contains a housing, a flow chamber installed in it Yeru with channels spins and an outlet nozzle, pressure line communicating with the spin channels, and is provided with a central body mounted in the flow tube with clearance relative to its sidewall, with additional manifold flow restrictor connected across the gap between the central body and the wall of the flow part.

The disadvantages of this method and device are the low energy of the liquid stream in the additional stream due to partial pressure relief, which reduces the amplitude and limits the upper frequency range, as well as the narrowing of the operating range for pressure and flow rate due to the flow limiter, which usually has a nonlinear flow rate characteristic or requires a significant complication of the design of the generator, which limits the scope of its application.

A known method of generating oscillations of a fluid flow, consisting in the fact that the fluid is twisted under pressure to form a fluid vortex, according to the invention create at least two oppositely directed vortices formed by swirling fluid flows with the same supply pressure, the periphery of which is hydraulically connected with a cavity with adjustable elasticity ( RF patent No. 2144440, adopted as a prototype).

A hydraulic oscillation generator is known, comprising a housing with a swirl chamber, swirl channels, an outlet nozzle, a pressure line connected to swirl channels, and a central body installed in the swirl chamber with a gap relative to the side wall, according to the invention, is provided with a cavity with adjustable elasticity in communication with the swirl chamber and through the said gap with the outlet nozzle, and the swirl channels are made in at least two cross-sectional planes of the vortex chamber with mutually opposite swirl and soy orientation ineny with pressure line (RF Patent №214440, taken as a prototype).

The disadvantages of this method and device is the low efficiency of oscillation generation, since liquid vortices with different swirls twist in a common chamber, and interacting with each other, reduce the total speed, and therefore the total flow rate.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of oscillation generation by increasing the amplitude of pressure and flow fluctuations and expanding the scope of generators.

The objective of the invention is achieved by the fact that in the known method of generating oscillations of the fluid flow, consisting in the fact that the fluid under pressure swirl, create at least two oppositely directed vortices formed by swirling fluid flows with the same supply pressure, according to the invention, swirling fluid flows are separated by an intermediate centrifugal nozzle nozzles, and the periphery of one of them is associated with a cavity with adjustable elasticity, and the other with an outlet nozzle.

The objective of the invention is also achieved by the fact that in a hydraulic oscillator containing a housing with a swirl chamber, swirl channels, an output nozzle, a pressure line connected to swirl channels, and a central body installed in the swirl chamber with a gap relative to the side wall, a cavity with adjustable elasticity, according to the invention, the gap is connected to the nozzle of a centrifugal nozzle having twist channels of opposite orientation to the channels of the output nozzle and in communication with a cavity with adjustable elasticity.

In some versions of the generator, the swirl channels can be made screw. In this case, the direction of the helical channels should be such as to ensure different swirling of the liquid vortices. The role of a cavity with elasticity in this case is played by the ductility of the pipe itself with the liquid in it. To reduce the length of the cavity with elasticity, it is advisable to place clamped elastic pipes with gas in the pipe to ensure flexibility over the length of the pipe.

The proposed method implements a new mechanism for the occurrence of self-oscillations of a liquid flow. Due to the introduction of the intermediate nozzle of the centrifugal nozzle into the cavity with adjustable elasticity, the pressure created by the liquid vortex in the vortex chamber increases, which is additionally pressed through the intermediate nozzle of the centrifugal nozzle by the liquid vortex of the swirl chamber. This can significantly increase the amplitude of pressure and flow fluctuations. When the pressure in the cavity with adjustable elasticity increases to such a value that the liquid flow goes through the intermediate nozzle of the centrifugal nozzle to the swirl chamber, mixes with the liquid swirl of the opposite swirl and significantly reduces the pressure in the swirl chamber, then the fluid from the cavity with adjustable elasticity rushes to the outlet nozzle , which will significantly increase the total fluid flow rate through the outlet nozzle. A significant outflow of fluid from a cavity with adjustable elasticity will reduce the pressure in this cavity, which will cause a new flow of fluid into this cavity, the restoration of the fluid vortex in the swirl chamber and a new increase in pressure in the cavity with adjustable elasticity. Unsteady flow in the nozzle is cyclically repeated.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of a generator for implementing the proposed method.

Figure 2 is an embodiment of a generator circuit with helical swirl channels.

Figure 3 is an embodiment of a cavity with adjustable elasticity in the form of a pipe filled with liquid.

In Fig. 4, an embodiment of a cavity with adjustable elasticity filled with a liquid, in which clamped elastic pipes with gas are evenly distributed along the length.

The hydrodynamic oscillation generator comprises a housing 1, a swirl chamber 2 installed therein with swirl channels 3 and an output nozzle 4, a pressure line 5 in communication with swirl channels 3.

In the vortex chamber 2, a central body 6 is installed with a gap 7 relative to its side wall. The generator has an intermediate nozzle of the centrifugal nozzle 8, separating the swirl chamber 9 from the vortex chamber 2. In the center of the swirl chamber 9 and the intermediate nozzle of the centrifugal nozzle 8 there is a central body 10. In the swirl chamber 9 there are swirl channels 11, the swirl direction of which is opposite to the channels 3. C on the one hand, the swirl chamber 9 is connected to the vortex chamber 2 by a gap 12 formed by the intermediate nozzle of the centrifugal nozzle 8 and the central body 10, and on the other hand is connected to a cavity having a uliruemuyu elasticity 13 through the nip 14 formed by twisting chamber 9 and the central body 10. To expand the range of operating frequencies of oscillations in a controlled elasticity cavity 13 is further unwound from the cavity 15 elasticity.

The method is as follows. The liquid is supplied under overpressure along the pressure line and with the help of channels and swirl the liquid, forming a vortex in the vortex chamber 2 and using channels 11 in the swirl chamber 9 (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2). The outflow of fluid from the swirling chamber 9 through the intermediate nozzle of the centrifugal nozzle 8 into the vortex chamber 2 and then into the nozzle 4 inhibits the liquid vortex in the vortex chamber 2.

The liquid vortex in the vortex chamber 2 creates a pressure that impedes the flow from the swirl chamber 9. The pressure in the swirl chamber increases, and the pressure in the cavity with adjustable elasticity 13 also increases. In this cavity, fluid with increased pressure accumulates. Finally, the pressure reaches a value at which the flow rushes through the intermediate nozzle of the centrifugal nozzle 8 into the vortex chamber 2, erodes the liquid vortex in this chamber created by the channels 3 and flowing out of the nozzle 4, the pressure in the vortex chamber 2 decreases, which causes a large flow of liquid from the cavity 13 and the swirl chamber 9. The pressure in the cavity with adjustable elasticity 13 decreases, and the flow rate through the intermediate nozzle of the centrifugal nozzle 8 decreases. The liquid vortex is restored in the vortex chamber 2; the pressure in the vortex chamber 2 increases; increases the pressure in the cavity with adjustable elasticity 13. Next, the cycle repeats.

Hydrodynamic oscillator operates as follows. The fluid from the pressure line pump 5 is fed through the swirl channels 3 into the swirl chamber 2 and through the swirl channels 11 into the swirl chamber 9. From the swirl chamber 2, the liquid flow through the nozzle 4 enters the drain. The fluid flow flowing through the swirl channels 11 enters the cavity with adjustable elasticity 13. The flow of fluid from the swirl chamber 9 through the intermediate nozzle 8 of the centrifugal nozzle into the vortex chamber 2 is prevented by high pressure in the vortex chamber 2. An increase in pressure occurs in the cavity with adjustable elasticity 13 due to the influx of fluid into it. Upon reaching a certain value, the fluid from the cavity with adjustable elasticity 13, flowing out of the swirl channels 11 through the intermediate nozzle 8 of the centrifugal nozzle, enters the vortex chamber 2, mixes with the flow of fluid flowing out of the swirl channels 3, increasing the total flow rate through the outlet nozzle 4. Increased the outflow of fluid from the cavity with adjustable elasticity 13 causes a decrease in pressure in it. The fluid flowing out from the swirl channels 11 with adjustable elasticity stops flowing through the intermediate nozzle of the centrifugal nozzle 8 and is directed into the cavity with adjustable elasticity 13, the fluid flow rate through the output nozzle is reduced. The increase in fluid flow into the cavity with adjustable elasticity 13 causes an increase in pressure in it. The work is cyclically repeated.

The use of the invention allows to increase the amplitude of pressure and flow fluctuations, to increase the operational characteristics of equipment, to expand the scope.

Claims (4)

1. A method of generating oscillations of a fluid flow, comprising twisting the fluid under pressure, creating at least two oppositely directed vortices formed by swirling fluid flows with the same supply pressure, characterized in that the swirling fluid flows are separated by an intermediate nozzle of a centrifugal nozzle and one of they are associated with a cavity with adjustable elasticity, and the other with the output nozzle. 2. A hydrodynamic oscillation generator comprising a housing with a vortex chamber, swirl channels, an outlet nozzle, a pressure line connected to swirl channels, and a central body installed in the swirl chamber with a gap relative to the side wall, a cavity with adjustable elasticity, characterized in that the gap is connected with an intermediate nozzle of a centrifugal nozzle having twist channels of opposite orientation to the channels of the output nozzle and communicated with a cavity with adjustable elasticity. 3. The generator according to claim 2, characterized in that the swirl channels are made in the form of screw channels. 4. The generator according to claim 2, characterized in that in the cavity with adjustable elasticity along the length are elastic elements in the form of clamped rubber pipes with gas.

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