RU2295486C1 - Reservoir with pontoon for storing volatile oil products - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil producing and refining industries.

SUBSTANCE: invention is designed for use in reservoirs to prevent losses of oil products. Proposed reservoir has barrel, bottom, stationary roof pontoon including center and peripheral floats made of welded shells with blanked end faces uniformly spaced over pontoon area and connected to each other, load-bearing beams and peripheral stiffening ring of special sections, flooring hermetically overlapping surface of oil product, with out contact with oil product, made up of parallel straps arranged along load-bearing beams and placed with overlapping of longitudinal edges and clamped by flanges of pressure beams to upper flanges of load-bearing beams, mechanical sealing gate installed on peripheral stiffening ring and support posts.

EFFECT: improved efficiency and operation reliability of reservoir and increased service life of reservoir pontoon.

12 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the storage in a vertical cylindrical tanks of flammable and volatile liquid, such as oil and oil products, and can be used in the oil and refining industries to equip various tank sizes in order to reduce product losses.

A known tank containing a housing, a bottom, a fixed roof and a pontoon, including beams with supports, central and peripheral floats made of pipes with plugged ends, evenly spaced across the pontoon and pivotally interconnected, a floor that seals the product surface without contact with it, assembled from parallel strips, the edges of which are sandwiched between the supporting lower beam, to which the floats are attached with clamps, and the upper pressure beam, sealing elastic for creative, support racks and peripheral ring stiffness (see, for example, Japan patent No. 55-134074, MKI B 65 D 88/34 from 10/18/1980 and a similar technical solution - US patent No. 4244487, class 220/216, 220/218, 220/220, 220/222, dated January 13, 1981). The disadvantage of this solution is that all its floats are included in the frame of the structure as power elements. As a result of this, the possibility of increasing or decreasing the number of floats when changing the density of the stored product, as well as when it is necessary to repair or replace failed floats, is excluded. Such a constructive solution is acceptable only for a certain density of the product, since at a higher density it leads to an overspending of the mass and number of floats. The tank with a pontoon has a number of other drawbacks, the main of which are: the lower beam is attached to the floats by means of clamps and detachable clamps, which complicates the design of this assembly, increases the complexity and cost of installation, and the floats themselves do not have systems for monitoring their tightness; the working surfaces of the lower and upper clamping beams are made flat, which does not ensure the tightness of the floor tapes without the use of sealant, complicates the installation technology, increases the cost; the peripheral stiffness ring of the pontoon with the selected profile does not provide the necessary structural rigidity.

A known design of the pontoon of the tank for liquid products, including beams, girders, flooring, supports and airborne elements connected to a single supporting system to which floats are suspended, an elastic gas-tight shutter with sealing parts (see RF patent No. 2113388, class 65 D 88 / 34, dated June 20, 1998). The disadvantage of this solution is that the main load-bearing beams and girders are at different levels, and the elastic shutter between the tank wall and the airborne elements is attached to the upper edge of the airborne element, which is why the entire valve is located above the level of the pontoon deck. This arrangement of the shutter and runs significantly increases the overall height of the pontoon, which in turn reduces the height of the possible filling of the oil product and its storage volume. Also known is the design of the pontoon of a tank for storing volatile liquids with a pontoon containing a deck, girders, beams, supports and airborne elements connected into a single supporting system to which floats are suspended, as well as an elastic gas-tight shutter with sealing parts. Beams, girders and side elements (rigid ring) are fixed in height so that their upper surfaces are flush with the bottom surface of the floor, and the sealing parts of the shutter are attached to the upper and lower faces of the side elements (see RF patent No. 2181099, class B 65 D 88/34 of 04/10/2002. Such a pontoon also has a number of disadvantages, in particular: the implementation of parallelepiped floats with open ends filled with polyurethane foam material and sealing their ends is laborious in production due to the complexity of the design and it is economically inexpedient due to the use of expensive filler material; in addition, the floats are suspended from the girders using springs and hooks, and the pontoon deck is connected to the girders using double gas tight folds using self-drilling screws and the same screws with the top faces of stiffening ring elements All of these additional fasteners complicate the design of these assemblies, increase the labor costs for their manufacture, installation work, and reduce the reliability of the pont on during its operation. In addition, the implementation of a gas-tight shutter with two flat springs and a flat element connecting the flat springs with the sealing parts when they fail, reduces the reliability of operation of the pontoon as a whole and can lead to its asymmetric displacement relative to the tank, jamming and flooding. The presence of special transitional elements for varying the height of the racks in place, temporary fastening with removable bolts of special brackets along the tank contour under the shortened racks complicates the design, lengthens the installation time of the pontoon.

To reduce losses during storage of petroleum products in cylindrical tanks, primarily light fractions (gasoline, etc.), the gap between the tank wall and the pontoon is closed by a peripheral shutter ring, cited in a number of foreign and domestic patents.

A seal is known for a pontoon, which is mounted between the wall of the tank and the wedge float of the pontoon. When raising or lowering the pontoon, the wedge of the float maintains constant pressure against the wall of the tank by the outer wall of the float (see, for example, Japanese application No. 60-55393, MKI B 65 D 88/42, claimed 02.22.1978). The disadvantage of this seal is that there is no guarantee of the durability of this seal, and its repair will require large material costs.

A secondary seal for a pontoon is known, comprising a foam sealing element enclosed in an elastic film and abutted by a spring plate having a longitudinally shaped section in the longitudinal direction. The free ends of the flat springs mounted on the pontoon, located at an acute angle to the tank wall, abut against this plate. The peculiarity of the spring plate is that the upper and lower knees of the plate are elastic and interconnected on the other side of the free ends (see, for example, the application of Germany No. 3418131, class B 65 D, announced on 05.16.1984). The disadvantage of this seal is that the elasticity of the elastic film with the sealing element, forming a closed ring around the entire perimeter of the tank, varies with the ambient temperature, and this leads to the formation of a gap between the tank wall and the outer surface of the sealing element, therefore this element is made of - due to decrease in elasticity it is squashed.

The English company VACONO ("Vakono") installs VAKONODECK pontoons in vertical cylindrical tanks for storing oil products, which are designed to reduce product losses from evaporation, as well as "small and large breaths" when filling and emptying tanks. To seal the annular space between the tank wall and the pontoon side, several VAKONOSEAL sealing gates have been developed. These are soft seals of type “G”, “W6 / 2”, “H1-R”, “Slimeline-200”, as well as combined seals of the Spaeter type “CSH-500”, with primary seal “CSH-1000”, secondary “H1” + "WAX SCRAPER" - a wax scraper "(see VAKONO company brochures on the website at INTERNET http://www.vakono.com). Each of these seals has certain shortcomings, the main of which are: the need for a careful selection of sealing materials , inserts, gaskets depending on the type of oil product, the complexity of the design and fastening of the valves due to the presence of numerous clamping strips, inserts, plates , beams, loops, special sealing gaskets, sliding brackets, springs of various configurations, including auxiliary seals, while the seals close a limited clearance depending on the type of tank and the stored oil product. It is especially difficult in design to combine the simultaneous operation of the latter primary and two secondary seals for tanks where crude oil is stored. The operational reliability of such closures is very limited, and their performance without regular preventive monitoring and replacement of a number of seal parts will be short-lived.

In the USSR patent No. 1451076, class. In 65 D 88/34, dated 31.12.1986, the valve has a primary and secondary O-ring. The secondary seal contains an elastic shell made of strips of sheet material glued together, and the lower end with a protruding edge on top has a bend protruding above the surface of the sliding ring in the assembly of the seal to the sliding ring of the main seal, while the main element is fixed at one end to the sliding ring, and others to the pontoon and has an oval deflection. The disadvantage of such a seal is the accumulation of water condensate in the oval deflection of the seal, which leads to unreliable operation at low temperatures due to rupture and rapid wear of the seal. In addition, the clamping of the strip adjacent to the wall of the tank accelerates the abrasion of the strip, and the contact of the metal parts of the clamp with the wall of the tank can cause the formation of sparks and ignition of vapors of light fractions of oil (gasoline), which drastically reduces the life of the valves.

It is also known a device for reducing losses from evaporation of oil and oil products in vertical tanks, containing a reinforced corrugated carpet of synthetic material, an elastic sealing shutter and its mount, made of plates and bolts connected in series with each other (see AS USSR No. 1757967 , CL B 65 D 88/34, publ. 08/30/1992, bull. No. 32). The disadvantage of this design is that for each size of the cylindrical tank with its own radius of bending of the wall, it is also necessary to install its own fastener assembly of the sealing shutter, consisting of plates with the same bending radius. Since in practice it is not possible to achieve the ideal shape of the tank, the vertical seam welded under installation conditions leads to some change in the cylindrical shape of the tank as a whole, as well as to local changes near the weld. Deviations reaching a radius of not less than 110 mm over the entire height of the tank can only be compensated for by increasing the width of the sealing shutter, which in turn will lead to a weakening of the shutter pressing against the wall of the tank, and therefore to a violation of the tightness of the connection between the pontoon and the tank.

Closest to the proposed technical solution, taken as a prototype, is a tank with a pontoon for storing volatile oil products (see RF patent No. 2211791, MKI B 65 D 88/34 from 09/10/2003). The reservoir contains a body, a bottom, a fixed roof, a pontoon, including central and peripheral floats with plugged ends, evenly spaced across the pontoon and articulated between them, a floor that seals the oil surface non-contacting it, assembled from parallel tapes, edges which are sandwiched between the lower (supporting), the floats attached to the clamps and the upper (clamping) beams, a soft type sealing shutter, support legs, a peripheral stiffening ring and guide device. In such a reservoir, the end caps of the tubular floats are cup-shaped, the bottom side is inward, the lower supporting beam is made in the form of a channel, its upper shelf has a convex surface, and its lower shelf is fixedly attached to the top of the floats by means of a clamp, the upper pressure beam has a channel shape with shelves facing down to the supporting beam, the overlapping sheets are laid on the convex surface of the lower supporting beams and clamped by the shelves of the upper clamping beams, and the peripheral the stiffness ring of the pontoon is made in the form of a channel. In addition, the tank contains a stationary support device with support beams evenly spaced at a predetermined height from the tank bottom, racks and consoles. A known tank with a pontoon, adopted as a prototype, has the following disadvantages. The ends of the pipes of the floats are closed by cup-shaped caps with the bottom side located inward, the edges of the walls of the caps are aligned and welded with the ends of the walls of the tubular floats. In such a weld, there is no guarantee of the penetration depth, which cannot be controlled. At the same time, the strength characteristics of such a bend and shear seam are significantly lower than that of a butt weld. It is impossible to obtain in such a seam a uniform connection with respect to the shell and bottom plug. Installation of such a bottom plug is difficult, as it may fall into the pipe. In addition, in such a deaf float, it is impossible to test the tightness of welds for leakage with compressed air, which significantly reduces the operational reliability of the pontoon. The hinged connection of the central floats does not allow to increase the stiffness of the pontoon frame, and the direct attachment of the floats with clamps to the lower supporting beams without lodgements can lead to their depressurization when the deaf floats work. The implementation of the upper supporting beam in a convex form and its clamping by a clamping beam in the absence of sealing pads does not allow to achieve high tightness and reliability of the connection of the flooring sheets. The soft soft seal on the upper shelf of the prototype stiffening ring has the above disadvantages inherent in similar valves installed on pontoons manufactured by Russian enterprises and foreign companies, which leads to low reliability in operation of the pontoon as a whole. In addition, such a valve completely loses its operability in the case of steaming the tank, while it requires dismantling and replacement with another valve, since it cannot be repaired.

The present invention aims to eliminate the above disadvantages. The task to which the invention is directed is to increase the buoyancy and reliability of the pontoon, increase its operational and technical characteristics, simplify installation and maintenance, reduce metal consumption and labor.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the invention is to increase the efficiency and operational reliability of the work by increasing the buoyancy and reliability of the pontoon, achieved through the use of floats of any size (length and diameter), mounted in tanks of any size for any light fractions of oil and oil ; to increase the operational and technical characteristics achieved by increasing the service life of the pontoon, using corrosion-resistant aluminum alloys for the manufacture of a framework of power beams and a peripheral ring of rigidity, which bind together a continuous series of thin-sheet flooring tapes to ensure reliable pinching and sealing of the joint of the flooring tapes, with supporting the entire structure afloat with a system of in-line and peripheral floats, the ability to control their tightness during operation; to reduce losses achieved through the use of new technical solutions during the development and optimal installation around the perimeter of the peripheral ring of stiffness of a structurally simple and reliable sealing shutter in operation, which simultaneously ensures pontoon self-centering relative to the tank; in creating the technological design of the pontoon with a reliable anti-swivel guiding device; in the installation of two adjacent pontoon support posts at a maximum distance from the receptacle of the reservoir.

-образные кронштейны к периферийному кольцу жесткости, при этом на одном из донышек поплавков со смещением от центра установлен золотник с ниппелем на прокладке из маслобензостойкой резины; силовые балки образуют параллельные ряды, перпендикулярные продольной оси рядных поплавков, выполнены в виде профиля-швеллера, концы которых стяжными болтами жестко прикреплены к периферийному кольцу жесткости, при этом верхняя полка балок имеет продольную, преимущественно трапециевидную канавку с равномерно запрессованными по центру полки, с соблюдением определенного осевого расстояния, болтами, а нижняя полка через ложемент установлена на рядные поплавки и неподвижно закреплена к ним хомутами; периферийное кольцо жесткости понтона выполнено в виде скрепленных между собой сегментов из прессованного

-образного в поперечном сечении профиля, при этом его верхняя полка имеет продольную преимущественно трапециевидную канавку с равномерно просверленными отверстиями и расположена на одном уровне с верхней полкой силовых балок; ленты настила, преимущественно из тонкого гладкого листа с заранее выштампованными по продольным краям овальными отверстиями под запрессованные болты, внахлестку уложены вдоль верхней полки силовых балок, их концы - на верхнюю полку периферийного кольца жесткости и через плоские герметизирующие прокладки, преимущественно из пенополиэтилена, через прижимные продольные и прижимные периферийные профили стянуты болтами, при этом разность между максимальной шириной прижимного профиля и шириной каждой из трапециевидных канавок силовой балки и профиля кольца жесткости, по меньшей мере, имеют двойную толщину ленты настила; периферийное уплотнение (затвор) механического типа выполнено в виде расположенных по периметру периферийного кольца жесткости с определенным (фиксированным) шагом пластинчатых жестких пружин с выпуклой частью, обращенной от стенки резервуара, один конец которых закреплен на кольце жесткости, а второй конец опирается на стенку резервуара через опорный узел, содержащий ролик из фторопласта, размещенный с возможностью вращения как катково-скользящая опора с минимально возможной силой трения, взаимодействует с внутренней поверхностью цилиндрического корпуса резервуара при проведении сливоналивочных работ и хранении жидкости, к каждой паре пружин закреплен щеточный сегмент из нескольких, по меньшей мере, из двух-трех пластин лакоткани, эмульгированной фторопластом-4, при этом зазор между стенкой резервуара и периферийным кольцом жесткости закрыт лентой (фартуком) из лакоткани, эмульгированной фторопластом-4, закреплен на несущих уголках обтюрирующих сегментов кольца жесткости, а шаг расположения жестких пластинчатых пружин обеспечивает постоянное плотное прижатие роликов и щеточных сегментов к стенке резервуара по всему его периметру, компенсируя смещение, обеспечивая самоцентрирование понтона относительно резервуара; опорная конструкция выполнена из поддерживающих стоек с фиксированной или регулируемой длиной, расположена между состыкованными друг с другом в замки кронштейнами поплавков, установлена на все опорные стойки и жестко закреплена на высотах в зависимости от неровностей поверхности днища резервуара, накопления отложений донных осадков, наличия оборудования в придонной части резервуара, обеспечивает горизонтальное положение понтона при хранении и проведении сливоналивочных операций, при этом опорная конструкция понтона ориентирована и закреплена в резервуаре с расположением ее двух соседних ближайших стоек по крайней мере на максимально возможном удалении от приемораздаточного патрубка резервуара.The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the tank with a pontoon containing a body, a bottom, a fixed roof, a pontoon made of aluminum alloys with positive buoyancy, including central and peripheral floats made from pipes with muffled cup-shaped ends with a bottom located inside uniformly spaced over the pontoon area and articulated to each other, power profiles from channels of a special section, flooring, hermetically covering the surface of the oil product and non-contacting it, assembled from parallel strips overlapped by longitudinal edges overlapping and clamped by the shelves of the upper clamping beams to the upper shelves having a convex surface, the upper power beams of the channel type, to the lower shelf of which floats are fixedly mounted with clamps, a peripheral stiffening ring, sealing a shutter made of light and elastic rubber-fabric or synthetic materials mounted on the upper flange of the peripheral stiffening ring, a stationary support and guide device, etc. cradle turning pontoon, according to the invention, the floats are made of a set of predominantly cylindrical shells, rolled from sheet blanks and welded with longitudinal and circumferential seams, the end caps of the floats are cup-shaped, the bottom side is located outside, the edges of the wall of the caps on both sides are aligned with the ends of the walls of the shells of the floats and welded with an annular welding seam, in the center of the plugs of the floats, flat brackets with a semi-ring punching with holes are welded, forming a lock under the pipe s stand for hard mounting row of floats, and floats through the peripheral

-shaped brackets to the peripheral ring of rigidity, while on one of the bottoms of the floats with an offset from the center, a spool with a nipple is installed on a gasket made of oil and petrol resistant rubber; power beams form parallel rows perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of in-line floats, made in the form of a channel profile, the ends of which are tightly attached to the peripheral ring of rigidity by tie bolts, while the upper shelf of the beams has a longitudinal, mainly trapezoidal groove with uniformly pressed in the center of the shelf, in compliance with a certain axial distance, with bolts, and the lower shelf through the lodgement is mounted on in-line floats and fixedly fixed to them with clamps; the peripheral stiffness ring of the pontoon is made in the form of segments pressed together

-shaped in cross-section of the profile, while its upper shelf has a longitudinal mainly trapezoidal groove with uniformly drilled holes and is located at the same level with the upper shelf of the power beams; flooring tapes, mainly from a thin smooth sheet with oval holes pre-stamped along the longitudinal edges for pressed-in bolts, are lapped along the upper shelf of the power beams, their ends are on the upper shelf of the peripheral stiffening ring and through flat sealing gaskets, mainly made of polyethylene foam, through longitudinal clamping and the peripheral pressure profiles are bolted together, the difference between the maximum width of the pressure profile and the width of each of the trapezoid grooves of the power LCI profile and stiffening ring, at least, have a double thickness of the flooring strip; mechanical type peripheral seal (shutter) is made in the form of peripheral stiffening rings located around the perimeter with a certain (fixed) pitch of plate hard springs with a convex part facing away from the tank wall, one end of which is fixed to the stiffening ring, and the other end rests on the tank wall through a support node containing a fluoroplastic roller placed rotatably as a roller-skid bearing with the lowest possible friction force interacts with the inner surface of the c of the tank’s cylindrical housing during pouring and storing the liquid, a brush segment of at least two to three varnished cloth emulsified with fluoroplastic-4 is fixed to each pair of springs, while the gap between the tank wall and the peripheral ring of rigidity is closed with a tape ( apron) made of varnish emulsified with fluoroplastic-4, mounted on the bearing corners of the obturating segments of the stiffening ring, and the step of the location of the rigid plate springs provides a constant tight pressure p olik and brush segments to the wall of the tank around its perimeter, compensating for the offset, providing self-centering of the pontoon relative to the tank; the supporting structure is made of supporting racks with a fixed or adjustable length, located between the float brackets stacked with each other, mounted on all supporting racks and rigidly fixed at heights depending on the unevenness of the surface of the tank bottom, the accumulation of sediments of bottom sediments, the presence of equipment in the bottom parts of the tank, provides a horizontal position of the pontoon during storage and filling operations, while the supporting structure of the pontoon is oriented and fixed in the tank with the location of its two adjacent nearest racks at least as far as possible from the receptacle of the reservoir.

Installing the bottoms with the convex side out allows you to roll off the ends of the cylindrical shell and plugs under the inner ring, which provides a reliable, controlled weld connection of the float without burns, and installing a spool with a nipple on its bottom allows you to quickly and easily check its tightness, starting from manufacture and at all stages of operation. The execution of the trapezoid grooves on the upper shelves of the power beams and the peripheral ring of rigidity at the maximum width of the clamping profile with a difference in the double thickness of the flooring tape in the form of a linear-locking clamp with the formation of a transverse labyrinth ensures reliable connection of the flooring tapes, which ensures high tightness of the connection of the flooring sheets. The execution of the mechanical peripheral seal (shutter) in the form of plate rigid springs with a support unit containing a fluoroplastic roller, with the possibility of its rotation, a spring-loaded brush segment of varnished cloth plates with an apron, pulsed with fluoroplastic-4 with a selected location step, ensures their constant tight pressing to the wall of the tank around its entire perimeter, without exerting pressure that could cause their rapid wear, compensating for the displacement, providing the pontoon to center itself relative to the cut rvuara. At the same time, through careful selection of materials, a reduction in losses from the evaporation of petroleum products is reduced to 96 ... 99.5% depending on operating conditions (product, product temperature, tank turnover). To further reduce product evaporation due to the capillary effect in the case of loose rust on the tank wall, as well as ease of maintenance, the shutter obturation belt is located above the flooring at a distance of 200 ... 250 mm. The use of varnish for obturation plates and an apron on a fiberglass basis emulsified with fluoroplast-4 with its unique properties ensures: satisfactory sealing performance in almost any product; resistance to steaming the tank up to 200 ... 250 ° C; wear resistance, frost resistance, durability; product compatibility; excellent fire and explosion safety, reliable operating conditions and long service life. Self-centering of the pontoon inside the tank completely eliminates its skew, loss of stability (when filling or pumping out) and jamming. This is ensured by the fact that during operation (raising or lowering the pontoon), while reducing the annular gap due to tank irregularities, the plate-like rigid shutter springs are easily compressed, and when the gap increases, the springs unclench due to the elasticity of the material, which tends to take its original shape. Due to the special shape of the leaf springs, the internal stress is kept to a minimum, and the risk of spring breaks at low temperatures is virtually eliminated. The support structure, made in the form of supporting racks with a fixed / adjustable height depending on the unevenness of the tank bottom, ensures the horizontal position of the pontoon during storage and filling operations. In addition, when installing the pontoon in the tank, the location of the supporting struts of the supporting structure at the maximum possible distance from the receiving and distributing nozzle of the tank avoids direct direct collision of the jet with the supporting racks and their breakage. This increases the operational reliability of the pontoon and eliminates the likelihood of its unwanted skew. The anti-rotation device is made in the form of a rope or steel wire, vertically stretched, located at diametrically opposite ends of the pontoon, at least 3/4 of its radius, a frame of brackets is mounted on the power beams through a sealing pad, in the center of which is rolled, mainly rolled aluminum, a tube inside which a second-plastic sleeve with two metal washers is pre-inserted. The anti-rotation device avoids twisting of the pontoon, ensures its high reliability during operation. Fastening the cable to the tank is carried out at the stage of installation of the pontoon.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

- figure 1 is a schematic General view of the tank, a vertical section;

- figure 2 is the same, the location of the floats, power beams, the peripheral ring of rigidity, type A;

- figure 3 - the node mounting sheets (tapes) of the flooring - the joint of the sheets of flooring along the section BB in figure 2;

- figure 4 - pinching and sealing of the junction of the flooring tapes (on the remote element In figure 3) on the longitudinal power beams;

- figure 5 - float with brackets and spool with a nipple for boost and control tightness during operation;

- in Fig.6 - the attachment point of the inline float to the power beam;

- Fig.7 - connection node inline floats and mounting the tubular support rack;

- in Fig.8 - the attachment point of the inline float to the peripheral ring of rigidity and the tubular support column;

- figure 9 - the attachment of the peripheral float to the peripheral ring of rigidity;

- figure 10 is a peripheral seal (shutter);

- figure 11 - pinching and sealing of the flooring tapes on the peripheral ring of rigidity (on the remote element G in figure 10);

- Fig.12 - anti-rotation device with nodes of the passage of the cable through the flooring tape and its fastening to the bottom and roof of the tank.

The inventive tank with a pontoon for storing volatile oil products contains a housing 1, a bottom 2, a fixed roof 3, a pontoon 4, an anti-swivel device 5, an earth cable 6.

Pontoon includes:

- row floats 7, evenly spaced over the area of the pontoon 4, which are made of a set of welded cylindrical shells with cup-shaped bottoms; the floats are rigidly fixed to each other by means of centrally welded bottoms of flat brackets 8 with half-ring vyshtampovka with holes for bolts (Figs. 7, 8 are conventionally shown as "+");

-образных кронштейнов 11; на одном из донышек каждого поплавка 7, 9 со смещением от центра установлен золотник с ниппелем 12, прокладка из маслобензостойкой резины (на фигурах 5, 7, 8, 9 прокладка не показана);- peripheral floats 9, also made of a set of cylindrical shells connected to the peripheral ring of rigidity 10 using

-shaped brackets 11; on one of the bottoms of each float 7, 9 with an offset from the center, a spool with a nipple 12 is installed, a gasket made of oil and petrol resistant rubber (the gasket is not shown in figures 5, 7, 8, 9);

- a power beam 13, made in the form of a channel profile, the upper shelf 14 of which has a longitudinal trapezoidal groove 15 with bolts 16 pressed in the center of the shelf, and the lower shelf 17 is fixedly attached to the row floats 7 through the lodgement 18 and bolts 20;

-образного профиля, верхняя полка 21 которого имеет продольную трапециевидную канавку 22;- peripheral ring stiffness 10, made in the form of bonded together segments of extruded

-shaped profile, the upper shelf 21 of which has a longitudinal trapezoidal groove 22;

- flooring tapes 23, hermetically covering the surface of the oil product without contacting it, overlappingly laid along the upper shelf 14 of the power beams 13, their ends - on the upper shelf 21 of the peripheral ring of rigidity 10 and through the sealing gaskets 24, clamping longitudinal profiles 25 and clamping peripheral profiles 26 tightened by bolts 27;

- a peripheral seal (shutter) installed around the perimeter of the peripheral ring of stiffness 10, made of plate hard springs 28, a support assembly containing a fluoroplastic roller 29, a brush segment 30 of varnish plates, a sealing part 31 (apron), is fixed to the corner of the brush segment and on the clamping peripheral profile 26;

- a support structure made of supporting posts of pipes 32 located in the nodes of connection and fastening of the floats 7, 9;

- anti-rotation device 5, made in the form of a cable 33, a second-plastic sleeve 34 with two metal washers, a frame of brackets 35.

The main structural units of the pontoon installed in vertical cylindrical low-pressure tanks for storing oil and oil products protecting its open surface are made at a high technological level using new technologies, the use of corrosion-resistant aluminum profiles and sheet metal used in the country's aviation and rocket and space industry. The prefabricated pontoon on bolted joints allows loading assembly units through manholes available in the tank, both in newly constructed and in operation tanks with volumes from 1 to 50 thousand cubic meters. The applied mechanical seal design of the shutter using leaf springs, pressing the support unit with a roller against the tank wall, the obturating brush segments and an apron, are confirmed by autonomous tests for long-term resistance to oil products, compatibility, wear resistance, fire safety, heat resistance, frost resistance and provide a service life of at least 20 years with a warranty period of 5 years. The gates are easily assembled in the tank, do not have spark-forming parts, are environmentally friendly, have a high degree of tightness, are manufactured and mounted on tanks of various types, volumes and classes.

Thus, the proposed device pontoon can increase its reliability, increase its operational and technical characteristics, simplify installation and maintenance, reduce metal.

The inventive tank with a pontoon of aluminum alloys for storing volatile oil products and oil in the amount of about one hundred sets was made by the Applicant and mounted at dozens of enterprises of the Customer. In addition, many orders are received for replacing existing pontoons with their own valves of different types and classes with the sealing valve proposed by the Applicant in this invention.

Claims (1)

A tank with a pontoon for storing volatile oil products containing a body, a bottom, a fixed roof, a pontoon made of aluminum alloys with positive buoyancy, including central and peripheral floats made from pipes with muffled cup-shaped ends with an inwardly arranged bottom side, evenly spaced pontoon areas and hingedly connected to each other, power profiles from channels of a special section, flooring, hermetically covering the surface of the oil product and not con activating with it, assembled from parallel strips overlapped by longitudinal edges overlapping and clamped by the shelves of the upper clamping beams to the upper shelves having a convex surface, the upper power beams of the channel type, to the lower shelf of which the float clamps are fixed, the peripheral ring of rigidity, the sealing shutter from light and elastic rubber-fabric or synthetic materials mounted on the upper shelf of the peripheral ring of rigidity, stationary support and guide device, obstacle turning the pontoon, characterized in that the floats are made of a set of predominantly cylindrical shells, rolled from a sheet blank and welded with longitudinal and circumferential seams, the bottoms of the ends of the floats are cup-shaped, the bottom side is outside, the edges of the walls of the bottoms on both sides are aligned with the ends of the walls of the shells of the floats and welded with an annular welding seam, in the center of the bottoms of the floats, flat brackets with a semi-ring punching with holes are welded, forming a lock under the tubular posts for I stiffener row of floats, the floats through the peripheral bracket of Figure 9 to form a peripheral stiffening ring, wherein one of the bottoms floats off-center mounted spool with the pin on a strip of oil and petrol resistant rubber; power beams form parallel rows perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of in-line floats, made in the form of a channel profile, the ends of which are tightly attached to the peripheral ring of rigidity by tightening bolts, while the upper shelf of the beams has a longitudinal mainly trapezoidal groove with uniformly pressed in the center of the shelf in compliance with a certain axial distances with bolts, and the lower shelf through the lodgement is installed on in-line floats and fixedly fixed to them with clamps; the peripheral stiffness ring of the pontoon is made in the form of segments bonded to each other from the extruded mold of Fig. 8 in the cross section of the profile, while its upper shelf has a predominantly longitudinal trapezoidal groove with uniformly drilled holes and is located at the same level with the upper shelf of the power beams; decking tapes are predominantly made of a thin smooth sheet with oval holes pre-stamped along the longitudinal edges for pressed bolts overlappingly laid along the upper shelf of the power beams, their ends on the upper shelf of the peripheral ring of rigidity and through flat sealing strips mainly of polyethylene foam through pressure longitudinal and pressure peripheral profiles tightened by bolts, while the difference between the maximum width of the clamping profile and the width of each of the trapezoid grooves of the power ball and a stiffening ring and a profile of at least a double thickness of the flooring strip; peripheral seal - a mechanical-type shutter made in the form of perimeter peripheral ring of stiffness with a fixed fixed pitch of leaf hard springs with a convex part facing the reservoir wall, one end of which is fixed to the stiffness ring, and the other end rests on the tank wall through the support node, containing a roller made of fluoroplastic, rotatably arranged as a roller-skid bearing with the smallest possible friction force, interacts with the inner surface of the qi the tank’s cylindrical body during pouring and liquid storage, a brush segment of at least two to three varnish plates emulsified with PTFE-4 is fixed to each pair of springs, while the gap between the tank wall and the peripheral ring of rigidity is closed by a tape - an apron made of varnished with emulsion fluoroplastic-4 emulsified, fixed on the corner of the brush segment and on the peripheral pressure profile, and the location of the rigid plate springs ensures a constant tight ie rollers and brush segments to the wall of the tank around its entire perimeter, compensating for the displacement, providing self-centering of the pontoon relative to the tank; the supporting structure is made of supporting racks with a fixed or adjustable height, located between the float brackets stacked with each other, mounted on all supporting racks and rigidly fixed at heights depending on the unevenness of the surface of the tank bottom, the accumulation of sediments of bottom sediments, the presence of equipment in the bottom parts of the tank, provides a horizontal position of the pontoon during storage and filling operations, while the supporting structure of the pontoon is oriented and secured in the tank with the location of its next two racks, at least at the highest possible distance from priemorazdatochnogo tank nozzle.

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