RU2295146C1 - Method for changing amount of energy in magnetic system and device for realization of method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electric engineering.

SUBSTANCE: in accordance to method for changing amount of energy in magnetic system, current is measured in at least one pair of windings of magnetic coil, while changed in one coil is electric current of one direction of current density vector, and in another winding electric current of opposite direction of current density vector is measured. Device contains magnetic coil containing at least one magnet with winding. Magnetic system contains at least one more winding, while at least two windings are made with possible connection as one pair of windings and are made with possibility of joint powering by currents of opposite directions, while it is possible to inject energy into at least one pair of windings and to eject energy from at least one pair of windings.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of parameter changes in magnetic system.

2 cl, 14 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of methods for changing the amount of energy in magnetic coils and to the field of devices for their implementation.

The method and device for its implementation can be applied to power inductive energy storage devices and for switching stored energy from inductive energy storage devices.

The method and device for its implementation can be applied to power the inductive energy storage devices used in the engines of various transport systems. For example, in ships, submarines, trains, cars, and most importantly, in aircraft in aviation and in space technology. Accordingly, the method and device for its implementation can be applied to output stored energy (switching stored energy) from inductive energy storage devices used in engines of various transport systems.

The method and device for its implementation can be applied to power the inductive energy storage devices used in large energy systems of cities, countries and continents. For example, to stabilize the daily changes in electricity consumption in cities, countries and continents. Or to stabilize seasonal changes in electricity consumption in cities, countries and continents.

Accordingly, the method and device for its implementation can be applied to output stored energy (switching stored energy) from inductive energy storage devices used in large energy systems of cities, countries and continents. For example, to stabilize the daily changes in electricity consumption in cities, countries and continents. Or to stabilize seasonal changes in electricity consumption in cities, countries and continents.

There is a method of changing the amount of magnetic energy in a magnetic system and a device for its implementation using a superconducting magnetic key [1] with a current flowing in one direction, namely, that the ends of the winding are closed by a superconducting wire, which is transferred by the heater to a normal state for a time when need to change the current in the magnet.

The superconducting windings of the superconducting magnetic key heater are heated in small areas. In the heated areas, the superconducting windings are brought to a normal state and at the same time in these areas the current leads of the superconducting magnetic switch change the electric current and change the energy in the magnetic system.

When the current changes in the direction of increase, the magnetic system is energized.

When the current reaches the required value, the heater turns off, the wire jumper becomes superconducting, and a continuous current flows through the magnet winding, and the external source can be turned off. It is possible to use current leads with a connector at the cold end and remove them from the cryostat, which reduces current leakage into the cryostat [1]. In this case, the current in the magnetic system is fed so that the current flows in it in only one direction.

When a current is output using current leads from a magnetic system, energy is output. (They carry out switching of the stored energy.) Change the energy in the magnetic system in the direction of decreasing the energy contained in it.

The disadvantage of this method of changing the amount of magnetic energy in the magnetic system and the device for its implementation using a superconducting magnetic key with a current flowing in one direction is that it is possible to feed an electric current of low density vector into a magnetic system with an energy of 10 MJ or more than 10 MJ electric current. So, for example, in small ordinary magnetic systems made as magnetic coils, with an energy of 0.1 kJ, a current density of up to 5 · 10 ⁸ A / m ^{2 is created} [2], and in large magnetic systems with an energy of 10 MJ, a current density of only up to 1 · 10 ⁷ A / m ² .

The limitation on the magnitude of the current density arises, first of all, due to the fact that when energized, induction electric fields arise that interfere with energization.

The next disadvantage of this method of changing the amount of magnetic energy in the magnetic system and device for its implementation using a superconducting magnetic key with a current flowing in one direction is that in this case a magnetic system made in the form of a magnetic coil with an energy of 10 MJ or more than 10 MJ manages to power a small amount of energy per unit weight. In [10], a plot of the ratio of the weight of a magnetic field coil to the stored energy for a Brooks superconducting coil is given. It is known that the energy stored in a magnetic coil is proportional to the fifth degree of its size, and therefore, its mass to a degree of 5/3, and the second degree of current density (constructive). From the graph it follows that at a critical current density of 10 ⁷ A / m ² and stored energy, for example, 10 ⁷ J, the ratio of weight / stored energy is 2000 kg / MJ. In this case, the specific energy content per unit weight of the magnetic coil will be 0.0005 MJ / kg.

However, since with increasing mass the specific energy content in the magnetic system grows proportionally to the mass to a power of 5/3, it follows from the graph that for a critical current density of 10 ⁷ A / m ² and stored energy, for example, 10 ¹⁰ J the weight / stored ratio energy is already 500 kg / MJ. In this case, the specific energy content per unit weight of the magnetic coil will be 0.002 MJ / kg.

Therefore, the weight of the magnetic field coil, which can store energy of 10 ¹⁰ J at such a critical current density, is 5000 tons.

The restriction on the specific energy content in the magnetic system per unit of its weight arises due to the restriction on the current density value, which arise, first of all, due to the fact that when energized, induction electric fields appear that interfere with energization.

The next disadvantage of this method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system and the device for its implementation using a superconducting magnetic key with feeding current with the current flowing in one direction is that with this method of changing the magnetic coil, powerful radial voltages arise due to the large Ampere force acting on the current flowing through the winding from the side of the magnetic field of the magnetic coil, which destroys the magnetic coil.

This creates additional restrictions on the energy content per unit weight of the magnetic system, made in the form of a magnetic coil, because to protect against destruction requires a powerful strength frame, significantly further increasing the weight of the magnetic system.

The challenge facing the invention is to increase the amount of energy in the magnetic system per unit weight of the magnetic system, and to enable the output from the magnetic system to increase the amount of energy per unit weight of the magnetic system, at least for the magnetic system into which it is planned store energy of more than 10 MJ.

This problem is solved by the fact that in the method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system, which consists in changing the amount of magnetic energy in the magnetic system, changing the current in the winding of the magnetic system, additionally changing the current in at least one other winding of the magnetic systems in such a way that they change the current in at least one pair of windings of the magnetic system, and in one winding the electric current of one direction of the current density vector is changed, and in the other winding the electric to the opposite direction of the current density vector.

In one winding of the pair, the electric current of one direction of the current density vector is changed, and in the other winding of the pair, the electric current of the opposite direction of the current density vector is changed so that the modulus of the current in both windings changes identically, while the electric current in the winding containing at least at least one superconducting wire made in a matrix of a normal conductor.

Two component parts of a small section of a magnetic coil are fed with currents of opposite directions, the component of a small section containing at least one magnet with a winding, while in one component of a small section of a magnetic coil, at least one magnet with a coil is fed with a current of one directions of the current density vector, and in the other component part of a small section of the magnetic coil, at least one magnet with a winding is fed with current in the opposite direction of the current density vector, and then the components The small sections of the magnetic coil are connected and include magnets of the various components of the small section towards each other.

First, in a cryostat filled with liquid helium, two dismountable systems of components of small sections of a magnetic coil, containing at least one pair of components of a small section, forming together a small section, are initially energized with current, while one dismantled system of components of small sections contains one component from each small section, from two disassembled systems, moreover, one disassembled system is supplied with current with one direction of current, and the other disassembled system is supplied with current with opposite in the opposite direction, while in the disassembled magnetic coils, magnets with a winding containing a composite wire containing at least one superconducting wire made in a matrix of a normal conductor are energized by current, and the component is moved away from one disassembled system of components of small sections of the magnetic coil at least one small sections of the magnetic coil, and from another dismantled system of the components of the small sections move the other component of the same small sections of the magnetic coil, wherein the components of the small section are connected to the systems for moving the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil, capture the two components of the small section of one component of each small section from each of the systems to be dismantled the components of the small sections and move away from the systems to be dismantled along the axes of the magnets with winding the components of small sections, and the remaining parts of the systems to be disassembled are held in their original position, while removing magnets with a winding with one direction of current from the system components of a small section with the same current direction induce an induction electric field and increase the current density in the removed magnets by the induction electric field

where dP _m1 is the change in the magnetic flux through the surface of the circuit limited by the current flowing through the winding of the component of the small section of the magnetic coil when removing the component of the small section with one current direction from the disassembled system of the components of small sections of the magnetic coil with the same direction of electric current as and in an integral part of a small section,

dt is the unit of time

work against the Ampere forces of attraction of the small section of the magnetic coil to the disassembled system of the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil, while the work goes into increasing the magnetic energy and the small section of the magnetic coil and the disassembled system of the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil, the two components of the small section of the magnetic the coils are held by docking systems by the systems for moving the components of small sections of the magnetic coil, are moved and connected to the holding and placement systems GOVERNMENTAL pieces small magnetic coil section with a small section of the assembly, thus retaining system and placing components small section of the magnetic coil in the assembly of small moving parts section of small sections via connecting devices.

A power plant generates energy, directs energy to a magnetic coil assembly and energy plant, and feeds at least one pair of windings of the magnetic coil with currents in opposite directions in a cryostat, then the windings with opposite current directions draw together, connect and fix in a connected position.

In at least one pair of windings of the magnetic coil, the current is changed by a superconducting magnetic key in each winding, while in the superconducting magnetic key, the section of the wire of the winding with the superconductor is heated by a heater, the wire superconductor is brought into a normal state, and then the winding current is changed by two current leads in the heated section .

The two energized components of a small section of a magnetic coil with magnets with windings with currents flowing in opposite directions in each component are brought together by a piston towards each other so that a magnet with a winding of one component of a small section enters the magnet with the winding of the other component of a small section, moreover, when the magnet approaches one of the converging parts of the small section with one direction of the electric current with the magnet of the other coming together of the small section with the opposite direction of the electric and induce the induced electric field

where dP _m2 is the change in the magnetic flux through the surface of the circuit limited by the current flowing through the winding of the component of a small section of the magnetic coil when the magnet approaches the winding of one of the closer component of the small section of the magnetic coil with one direction of the electric current density vector with the magnet of the other of the closer component of the small sections of the magnetic coil with the opposite direction of the electric current density vector,

dt is the unit of time

and increase, using an induction electric field, the current density in converging magnets with the winding of the constituent parts of small sections, while working against Ampere forces of repulsing magnets of the adjoining parts of a small section of a magnetic coil, which transforms into an increase in the magnetic energy of magnets of both converging parts of a small section of a magnetic coil, and thus energize a small section.

Magnets with a winding of a small section of a magnetic coil are electrically isolated from each other by means of dielectric matrices with at least one groove or hole, and mechanical forces are transmitted to the magnets with winding through the matrices, while protrusions or side surfaces of one matrix are inserted into the grooves with a piston or holes of another matrix, while a magnet of one component of a small section is inserted into a groove or hole of a matrix of another component of a small section.

The layers of an elastic dielectric absorb the arising mechanical loads when the protrusions or lateral surfaces of one matrix of a dielectric of one component of a small section of a magnetic coil are inserted into the grooves or holes of another matrix of a dielectric of another component of a small section of a magnetic coil, and outside the layers with elastic spring plates absorb the arising mechanical loads when the protrusion or side surface of one matrix is inserted into the groove or hole of another matrix, while the plates pressed against the layers when they are pressed against the approaching other component of the small section so that the plates spring, and the plates are connected to the matrices from the end surface of the matrix.

After energizing at least two small sections of the magnetic coil with currents, the small sections are removed from the disassembled systems of the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil along a plane perpendicular to the axis of the coil of the magnet winding and at the same distance from the disassembled systems by the conveyor of the system for moving the assembled small sections of the magnetic coils, and then insert at least one small section into the through axial hole of another small section, then when combining the small sections of the magnetic coil into a large section With the system of holding and placing small sections during the assembly of large sections of the magnetic coil, they lift the small section from the conveyor with levers with grippers and manipulators and set it so relative to the other small section of the magnetic coil so that their axes coincide and part of one small section of the magnetic coil fits into a continuous axial hole of another small section of the magnetic coil in such a way that in the case of the closest magnets with the winding of two small sections of the magnetic coil, currents flow in opposite directions of the vector current STI.

At least two pre-energized small sections of the magnetic coil are connected to each other by a system for holding and accommodating small sections of the magnetic coil when assembling a large section of the magnetic coil and at least one large section of the magnetic coil is assembled from the small sections, after which how at least two small sections of the magnetic coil are connected into at least two large sections, from at least two large sections a system of large sections of the magnetic coil is assembled and installed in a cryostat those systems of large sections of the magnetic coil, while at least one other large section is installed above one large section, while two large sections are separated from each other by a heat shield.

At least two large sections are connected to a system of large sections of a magnetic coil by a system for holding and placing small sections of a magnetic coil when assembling a large section of a magnetic coil, while systems for holding and placing small sections of a magnetic coil when assembling a large section of a magnetic coil are installed in a cryostat of a system of large sections of the magnetic coil, while outside of one cryostat at least one more system of large sections is collected and this system of large sections is installed in another cryostat, filled outside the first cryostat, while the stored energy is being outputted, the energy is removed by a superconducting magnetic key, alternately heating the sections with heaters and current conductors of the stored energy output wires along the perimeters of the cryostats, while heating one wire located along the perimeter of the cryostat, and in turn, the energy is removed from the heated wires, while first one wire is heated in turn and the energy is taken out of the heated wires located along the perimeter in turn a cryostat, and then heated for one wire in turn and in turn derive energy from hot wires disposed around the perimeter of another cryostat, and so on.

In the upper sections of the superconducting composite wires with superconducting magnetic keys with heaters and with current leads in pairs of magnets with a winding, the current strength is changed at a time when the sections are above the level of liquid helium cryostat.

To change the amount of energy in the magnetic system in each pair of magnets with a winding in composite superconducting wires, the energy output simultaneously in the superconducting magnetic keys heat the sections of pairs of magnets running along the other with windings with opposite directions of currents in the area where the current leads are located, heat the superconducting composite wire from the superconducting state and through current leads either energize the magnetic coil, or remove the stock from the magnetic system hydrochloric energy.

The energy in the magnetic system is changed when the magnetic coil is inside the vehicle, and when the stored energy is removed from the magnetic system, the energy is directed to the vehicle engine to supply it with energy.

This problem is solved by the fact that in the device for implementing the method of changing the amount of energy in a magnetic coil containing a magnetic system containing at least one magnet with a winding, the magnetic system further comprises at least one more winding, at least two windings are made with the possibility of connecting in one pair of windings and are made with the possibility of pairwise powered currents of opposite directions, and it is possible to enter energy into at least one pair of windings ok and the output of energy from at least one pair of windings, while the windings in a pair of windings are electrically isolated from each other.

A device for implementing a method of changing the amount of energy in a magnetic system contains a cryostat filled with liquid helium and two disassembled systems of components of small sections of a magnetic coil, while two disassembled systems of components of small sections are installed in a cryostat, and it is possible to power magnets with a winding of one system current with one direction of current and it is possible to power magnets with the winding of another system with current in the opposite direction, while the system being disassembled the topic of the constituent parts of small sections of the magnetic coil consists of at least two constituent parts of the small sections of the magnetic coil configured to move away from the remaining parts of the disassembled system of the constituent parts of the small sections of the magnetic coil, and the two constituent parts of the small section of the magnetic coil from different disassembled coils made with the possibility of forming one small section of the magnetic coil, while the small section contains at least one pair of magnets with a winding made with the possibility of feeding with currents of opposite directions, and it is possible to power magnets with a pair of windings with currents of opposite directions, while the magnet with a winding contains at least one wire made of a composite superconductor, containing at least one wire of a superconductor placed in the matrix from a normal conductor, and the component of the small section contains at least one magnet with a winding.

A device for implementing the method of changing the amount of energy in a magnetic system comprises at least one pair of systems for moving the components of small sections of the magnetic coil and at least one system for holding and placing the components of a small section of the magnetic coil when assembling the small section, systems for moving the components of small sections of the magnetic coil are made with the ability to connect with the components of the small section by docking devices with levers with grippers and clamps that perform They are capable of capturing two components of a small section, one component of each small section of a magnetic coil, which was part of one of the disassembled superconducting magnetic coils, and with the ability to move the component of small sections from the disassembled system of components of small sections, while the docking device levers with grippers and clamps connected to a dismountable system of components of small sections and made with the ability to hold the system in its original position when separated from the system with tavnoy portion of low magnetic coil section.

A device for implementing the method of changing the amount of energy in a magnetic system contains at least two systems for holding and accommodating the components of a small section of a magnetic coil when assembling a small section and a conveyor for a system for moving assembled small sections of a magnetic coil connected to a system for holding and placing components of a small sections of the magnetic coil when assembling a small section, while between the systems for holding and placing the components of a small section of a magnetic coil when assembling a small section a piston, the piston being configured to bring together the two components of the small section towards each other so that the magnets with the winding of the component of the small section, taken from one disassembled system of the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil, enter between the magnets with the winding of the other component of the small section, taken from another disassembled system of the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil, so that the magnets of the various components of the small section are turned towards each other, while it is possible Freeze panes assembled a small section in the assembled position.

The component of the small section of the magnetic coil contains a dielectric matrix, while the magnets with the winding of the small section of the magnetic coil are electrically isolated from each other through the matrix, and it is possible to transfer mechanical forces through the matrix to the magnets with winding, and it is possible for the components of the small sections to dock so that the magnet with the winding of one component of the small section fits into the groove or through the hole of the other component of the small section, and on top awns matrix is formed of a dielectric layer of an elastic dielectric, with the outside of the layer formed by at least two resilient spring tongues, wherein the plate configured to spring back and cling to the layer crushes when they approach each component of small section.

It is possible to fit the components of small sections so that the magnet with the winding of one component of the small section fits into the groove or through the hole of the other component of the small section, and at least one magnet with the winding is connected to a system of rollers or balls, This allows the component of the small section to slide along the system of rollers or balls.

A device for implementing the method of changing the amount of energy in a magnetic system contains at least one section of a magnetic coil, while it is possible to install at least one section of a magnetic coil in a cryostat, while the magnet with a section winding has an energy output wire with a section with a heater and current leads, made in the upper part of the cryostat, and the wires for outputting energy from magnets with a winding are combined in pairs, while it is possible to output currents from the pair of wires opposite directions of the current density vector.

It is possible to set cryostats and sections of the magnetic coil so that after assembly, at least one cryostat is inside another cryostat and at least one section is outside of at least one cryostat, it is possible to install at least of at least one section into the cryostat so that the wires for energy output of the magnets with the section winding are made along the perimeter of the cryostat.

A device for implementing a method for changing the amount of energy in a magnetic system comprises at least two superconducting magnetic keys mounted on at least one pair of magnetic coil windings on each pair winding, while in the superconducting magnetic key, a portion of the winding wire is connected to the superconductor with a heater and with two current leads, and the heater is configured to heat a portion of a winding wire with a superconductor and put the superconductor in a normal state, and the current leads Execute with the ability to change the coil current to the heated area.

It is possible, after energizing the magnetic coil as a result of implementing the method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system, to install the magnetic coil inside the vehicle and it is possible to direct energy from the magnetic system to the vehicle, and it is possible to direct energy to the transport engine when the stored energy is removed from the magnetic system means for supplying the engine with energy.

Such an implementation of the method of changing energy in a magnetic system can significantly increase the current density in the magnetic coil and, as a result, due to the fact that the specific energy content per unit weight of the magnetic coil is proportional to the second degree of current density (constructive), it can significantly increase the specific energy content by unit of weight of the magnetic coil. Moreover, since many pairs of windings with the opposite direction of current are simultaneously powered, the total magnetic field of such a magnetic system made in the form of many magnets with the winding of the Bogdanov magnetic coil, tends to almost zero due to the superposition of the magnetic fields of magnets with the winding with the opposite direction of currents, which means that radial stresses tend to almost zero, which with this method of changing the energy in the magnetic system do not prevent an increase in the current density in the magnetic coil. Also for this reason (due to the reduction of the total magnetic field to a minimum), the induction currents that occur during power-up tend to zero. However, since the energy in the magnetic coil is determined by expression (3), in accordance with which it is determined by its inductance and the square of the current density, the energy in such a coil does not decrease to small values with a decrease in radial stresses with a decrease to small values of the magnetic field.

In this case, it becomes possible to power the magnetic coil with induction electric fields when the magnets with the winding are fully in the superconducting state, which allows the current density in the magnets with the winding to be increased to the current density of short samples, which means that it can make the specific energy content in the magnetic system per unit weight tens of thousands of times more specific energy content in chemical rocket fuel.

Washing the winding to the current density of short samples is also possible due to the fact that the winding with the current is moved in a magnetic field so that the magnetic field inside the circuit bounded by the winding changes, which means that the magnetic flux through the surface bounded by the coil contour also changes. When the magnetic field and magnetic flux in the winding are changed, the self-induction EMF is induced in such a way that it acts on the main length of the winding. For example, for a part of the length of the winding, comprising from 90 to 99.99 percent of the total length of the winding (or even more, up to 100 percent), while in the traditional method of feeding the emf is applied to the section between the current leads, comprising from 10 to 0, 01 percent (or even less) of the total length of the winding.

No sources of information have been found that describe technical solutions that solve the problem by similar technical means.

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of an assembly shop for assembling a small section of a magnetic coil from two dismountable systems of components of small sections of a magnetic coil of a device for implementing a method for changing the amount of energy in a magnetic system.

Figure 2 shows a section aa.

Figure 3 shows a section bB.

Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the connection of two factories and a powerful power plant into a device for implementing a method of changing the amount of energy in a magnetic system.

Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of a plant for assembling and energizing a magnetic system made in the form of many magnets with a winding of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov.

Figure 6 shows a section bb.

7 is a schematic diagram showing how a piston connects two small sections of a magnetic coil to a large section of a magnetic coil.

On Fig depicts a schematic diagram of an assembly shop for the assembly of large sections, a system of large sections and cryostats of a system of large sections of a device for implementing a method of changing the amount of energy in a magnetic system.

Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of the placement of systems of large sections and cryostats of a system of large sections, when the cryostats are installed one inside the other together with systems of large sections forming an energized magnetic system made in the form of a large many magnets with a winding of a Bogdanov magnetic coil.

Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of sections of two components of a small section of a magnetic coil at the time of their approach, showing how one component of a small section of a magnetic coil is in relation to another component of a small section immediately before connecting the two components of a small section into a small section .

11 is a schematic diagram of sections of two small sections of a magnetic coil at the time of their approach, showing how one small section of a magnetic coil is in relation to another small section immediately before connecting the two small sections to a large section of a magnetic coil.

On Fig shows a schematic diagram of a superconducting magnetic key with a heater and current leads.

In Fig.13 shows a section GG.

On Fig shows a schematic diagram of the placement of a magnetic system made in the form of a large many magnets with a winding of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov around a rocket with chemical rocket fuel to create additional rocket thrust explosions detachable small sections of the magnetic coil in the flame of the rocket.

We offer a description of five variants of the Bogdanov method of changing the amount of magnetic energy in a magnetic coil by a device for its implementation. The most preferred options are the first two options, characterized in that the first allows you to feed an electric current into the Bogdanov magnetic coil to the current density of short samples, but more expensive and more complicated, and the second allows you to power a large magnetic coil to a current density in small magnetic coils, but cheaper is easier performed by. For example, the first allows you to feed an electric current into the Bogdanov magnetic coil to the current density of short samples, for example, of the order of 10 ¹⁰ A / m ² , but is more expensive and more complicated, and the second allows you to power a large magnetic coil to a current density of 5 · 10 ⁸ in small magnetic coils A / m ² , but cheaper and easier to perform. However, in both cases, the current density will exceed the achieved current density in large magnetic coils of the order of 10 ⁷ A / m ² . And accordingly, the stored magnetic energy in the magnetic coil in the first case can exceed this value by 10 ⁶ times (1,000,000 times), and in the second case by 250 times.

The first option is the best for more expensive space and aviation equipment, the second option will be preferable for cheaper equipment. For example, for cars.

First option.

In the first embodiment (the best, but more expensive and more complex version than the second option), the Bogdanov method of changing the amount of magnetic energy in a magnetic coil by a device for its implementation is as follows.

Depending on whether the principle of recycling will be used - the principle of reusing the method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system for the same coil, the method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system consists of either three or four stages.

The method for changing the amount of energy in a magnetic system using the principle of recycling - the principle of reusing the method with the same magnetic coil, consists of four stages.

The first stage of energy change in a magnetic system is energizing a magnetic coil by assembling a magnetic coil at an energy assembly and energizing plant. Transmission of energy to the plant from a powerful power plant.

The second stage of energy change in the magnetic system is the transfer of the collected and energized energy of the magnetic system, made in the form of many magnets with the winding of the magnetic coil of Bogdanov, to the object using the energy of the magnetic coil.

The third stage of energy change in the magnetic system is the removal of energy from the magnetic system for the object to use the energy of the magnetic coil.

The fourth stage is the transfer of the magnetic coil after the storage of its stored energy by the facility for using the energy of the magnetic coil to the plant for disassembling (dismantling) the magnetic coil and for manufacturing the initial elements from the magnetic system for its new power supply and for preparing it for the new power supply. The dismantling plant (dismantling) may coincide with the assembly plant.

The method of changing the amount of energy in a magnetic system without using the principle of recycling - without the principle of reusing the method with the same magnetic coil, consists of only the first three stages.

We describe all four stages of the method of changing the amount of energy in a magnetic system using the principle of recycling - the principle of reusing the method with the same magnetic coil. Those cases when the principle of recycling is not used will be discussed separately in the course of the description.

The first stage of energy change in a magnetic system - energizing a magnetic coil by assembling a magnetic coil at an energy assembly and energizing plant consists of several stages. At the factory, the power and assembly of the magnetic coil is carried out in assembly shops.

To implement the method in the assembly shop, observing the following steps, they collect and energize small sections of the magnetic coil with energy, while the components of the small section are taken from two dismantled systems of the components of small sections of the magnetic coil. This is as follows.

First, the cryostat 1 for feeding and assembling small sections of magnetic coils of the assembly shop 85 for assembling and energizing small sections of the magnetic coil is cooled to cryogenic temperatures by a powerful cooling system combined with it, including powerful refrigeration stations, and filled with liquid helium.

The energy for assembling and energizing the magnetic system, made in the form of many magnets with the winding of the magnetic coil of Bogdanov, is generated by the powerful power plant 63. The energy is sent to the plant 64 for assembling and energizing the magnetic system, made in the form of many magnets with the winding of the magnetic coil of Bogdanov.

Inside the plant 64 for assembling and energizing a magnetic system made in the form of many magnets with a winding of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov, various elements of the magnetic system are inserted from above through shafts made in the ceiling of the plant and inside a powerful power plant 63.

Thus, from above, through the shafts, in the cryostat 1 for feeding and assembling the small sections of the magnetic coils, two dismountable systems 2, 3 of the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil are inserted.

Then, in the cryostat 1, the supply and assembly of small sections of magnetic coils filled with liquid helium are initially supplied with current by two disassembled systems 2, 3 of the components of small sections of the magnetic coil, while one of the disassembled systems, for example, disassembled system 2, is energized with current in one direction , and another disassembled system 3 - with the opposite direction of the current. In this case, the disassembled systems 2, 3 of the components of small sections of the magnetic coil contain superconducting magnets with a winding. Moreover, the disassembled systems 2, 3 of the components of small sections can be considered separate superconducting magnetic coils, but for the convenience of presentation of the material, it is advisable to call them disassembled systems, rather than disassembled magnetic coils.

At the same time, these two dismountable systems 2, 3 of the components of small sections of the magnetic coil are energized in such a way that they energize the components of small sections of the assembled coil with currents of opposite directions, of which these dismountable systems of 2, 3 components of small sections of the magnetic coils.

At the same time, in disassembled superconducting magnetic coils 2, 3, magnetized windings are supplied with current, made in the form of composite wires consisting of superconducting wires in a matrix of a normal conductor.

For the initial feeding of disassembled systems 2, 3, for example, they can be powered by the traditional method of energizing magnetic coils through energy output energy wires 58, 59, made in the form of composite wires, consisting of superconducting wires in a matrix of a normal conductor, for example, copper or aluminum, which are a continuation of magnets with a winding of magnetic coils 2, 3. Disassembled systems 2, 3 of the components of small sections of the magnetic coil and wires 4, 5 of the energy output are lowered into cryostat 1 in this way that the upper part of the energy output wires 4, 5 are for some time above the level of liquid helium of the cryostat 1. At this time, the upper part of the energy output wires 4, 5 is in a normal state, and superconducting magnetic keys through the upper part of the energy output wires 4, 5 73 , 74 using current leads and heaters feed the disassembled systems 2, 3 of the components of small sections of the magnetic coil with energy. For this, for example, pressure contacts are lowered to them from above, electrically connected to a powerful power station 63, pressed to them, closed, electrically connected, energized through them, and then the pressure contacts are opened and raised again.

The energy output wires 4, 5 first go down along the components of small sections of the magnetic coil parallel to each other next to each other, and then they deviate upward at an angle of 90 degrees and go up parallel to the axis of the magnets with the windings of small sections of the magnetic coil.

This is the first stage of energizing a magnetic coil with energy of the first stage of a method for changing energy in a magnetic system.

After this stage of energy supply in the magnets of the superconducting winding of various components of small sections of the magnetic coil, cooled to the temperature of liquid helium, an undamped electric current circulates. However, this undamped electric current in superconducting magnets with a winding current density is still low.

A method of changing the amount of energy in a magnetic system consists of a method of energizing energy and a method of outputting stored energy. We consider a method of energizing a magnetic coil with a vertical arrangement of the axes of magnets with a winding of magnetic coils.

From the constituent parts of small sections of the magnetic coil, made with the ability to move away from the remaining parts of the small sections of the magnetic coil that make up the dismountable systems 2, 3, a small section is assembled with many magnets with a winding of the Bogdanov magnetic coil [3], containing at least one a pair of windings with the opposite direction of the current density vector.

The largest amount of energy is most simply transferred to the Bogdanov magnetic coil with the largest number of small sections of the magnetic coil when the axes of the magnets are vertically arranged with the windings of the windings of the small sections of the magnetic coil, which the axes receive at least at the end of the power supply. It is easier to achieve this with the initial vertical orientation of the axes of the systems 2, 3 being dismantled and subject to the subsequent vertical orientation of their axes.

In this case, the upper sections of the superconducting composite wires with heaters and current leads at the end of the power supply are set so that they are either at the level of the liquid helium of the cryostat, or slightly higher.

The method of initial feeding is not fundamental. It is only important that he allows in the first small section of the magnetic coil many magnets with a winding of the Bogdanov magnetic coil [3] to create a current density in the range of current density, as in small ordinary magnetic coils with an energy of 0.1 kJ, in which current density up to 5 · 10 ⁸ A / m ² , up to current density in large magnetic coils with an energy of 10 MJ up to 1 · 10 ⁷ A / m ² [2].

After the initial stage (first stage) of powering the superconducting disassembled systems 2, 3, systems 6, 7, the movements of the components of small sections of the magnetic coil are connected to the components 8, 9 of the small section of the magnetic coil by docking devices 10, 11, for example, levers with grippers and clamps, docking devices 10, 11, for example, levers with grippers and clamps, two components 8, 9 of a small section of a magnetic coil, one component of each small section of a magnetic coil from each of the superconducting sections systems 2, 3, and are moved vertically from the superconducting systems 2, 3 to be disassembled. The remaining parts of systems 2, 3 to be dismantled are held in the initial position by systems 12, 13 for extending and holding docking devices 12, 13 in a fixed position, using docking devices 75, 76, which are held by levers with grippers and clamps.

In this case, the systems 6, 7 of the movement of the components of small sections of the magnetic coil develop a significant force.

Systems 6, 7 for moving the components of small sections of the magnetic coil are driven by various electric motors made inside them. Systems 6, 7 for moving the components of small sections of the magnetic coil move (move) along the rails 83, 84 at times when they move the components of the small sections.

Electricity to the electric motors is supplied from the power supply system, for example, from a powerful power plant 63 through various wires and along rails 83, 84, through which the systems 6, 7 for moving the components of small sections of the magnetic coil are moved at times when they are moving the components of small sections. In this case, electric motors are used, which are able to work at cryogenic temperatures. Basically, at the temperature of liquid helium. An opening is made in the upper system 6 for moving the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil into which the disassembled magnetic system of the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil is inserted. The corresponding hole is also made over the lower system 7 for moving the components of small sections of the magnetic coil into which another dismountable magnetic system of components of the small sections of the magnetic coil is inserted.

When removing magnets with a winding with one direction of the electric current density vector from a magnetic coil with the same direction of electric current, the first induction electric field (EMF) is induced, which increases the current density in the removed magnets.

where dP _m1 is the change in magnetic flux through the surface of the circuit bounded by a coil with current when removing magnets with a winding with one direction of the electric current density vector of the magnetic coil with the same direction of the electric current density vector,

dt is the unit of time.

There is work against the forces of Ampere attraction of magnets with a winding to a magnetic coil, which goes into an increase in magnetic energy and magnets with a winding and a magnetic coil.

So carry out the second stage of power supply of the components of a small section of the magnetic coil of the first stage of the method of changing energy in the magnetic system. It is repeated for all components of all small sections of the magnetic coil.

After this stage of energy supply in the magnets of the superconducting winding of the various components of small sections, cooled to the temperature of liquid helium, the previously created undamped electric current continues to circulate. In this case, the density of this current is much higher than at the first stage of energizing the components of a small section of a magnetic coil.

In this case, it becomes possible to power the magnetic coil with induction electric fields when the magnets with the winding are fully in the superconducting state, which allows the current density in the magnets with the winding to be increased to the current density of short samples, which means that it can make the specific energy content in the magnetic system per unit weight tens of thousands of times more specific energy content in chemical rocket fuel.

Washing the winding to the current density of short samples is also possible due to the fact that the winding with the current is moved in a magnetic field so that the magnetic field inside the circuit bounded by the winding changes, which means that the magnetic flux through the surface bounded by the coil contour also changes. When the magnetic field and magnetic flux in the winding are changed, the self-induction EMF is induced in such a way that it acts on the main length of the winding. For example, for a part of the length of the winding, comprising from 90 to 99.99 percent of the total length of the winding (or even more, up to 100 percent), while in the traditional method of feeding the emf is applied to the section between the current leads, comprising from 10 to 0, 01 percent (or even less) of the total length of the winding.

I draw attention to an important point that makes it possible to counteract the destruction of the constituent parts of small sections of the magnetic coil during the second stage of energy supply, when they are moved away from the magnetic coils. At this moment, they are affected by the tensile force of Ampere in the longitudinal direction, due to the addition of magnetic fields of various components of small sections of the magnetic coil, forming a magnetic coil with turns with currents in one direction of the current density vector.

This tensile force of Amperes can be reduced by reducing the cross section of magnets with a current winding. In this case, the current decreases, and with it the magnetic field also decreases. In this case, the Ampere force decreases in proportion to the second degree (square) of the cross-sectional area, and the strength decreases in proportion to the cross-sectional area in the first degree. In this case, for each current density, a certain critical cross section of magnets with a winding occurs, starting from which, with a decrease in the cross-sectional area, the windings will not be destroyed.

Due to this, the achieved current density can be very large. With an increase in the number of indicated washing operations, the achieved current density can reach the current density of short samples.

After that, the two components 8, 9 of the small section of the magnetic coil of the system 6, 7 move the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil with docking devices 10, 11, for example, levers with grippers and clamps, are moved in the horizontal direction and connected to the holding systems 14, 15 and placing the components of a small section of the magnetic coil when assembling a small section. The systems 14, 15 for holding and locating the components of the small section of the magnetic coil during assembly of the small section first move the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil using levers with clamps and grippers, for example, using manipulators of automatic machines so that both components are located above the conveyor 16 systems for moving assembled small sections of the magnetic coil. Systems 14, 15 for holding and positioning the components of a small section of a magnetic coil during assembly of a small section are driven by various electric motors inside them. For this, electricity is supplied to them from a power supply system, for example, from a powerful power plant 63 through various wires. In this case, electric motors are used, which are able to work at cryogenic temperatures. Basically, at the temperature of liquid helium.

Figure 1 and figure 10 shows the point in time when two of the very first components 77, 78 of the very first small section are already installed above the conveyor 16 of the system for moving the assembled small sections of the magnetic coil. The difference between the energy output wires of the first component parts 77, 78 of the very first small section is that in one of its component parts, for example, in the upper component part 77, the energy output wires go straight up.

A heat engine 17, for example a steam engine connected to a powerful power station 63, mechanically moves the piston 18 and transfers force to it. Powerful power plant 63 creates steam and supplies steam to the heat engine 17, made, for example, in the form of a steam engine. Steam power the heat engine 17.

The heat engine 17 can increase the pressure that is applied to the piston 18, for example, by a hydraulic press mechanically connected to the piston 18.

In this case, the piston 18 brings together the two component parts 77, 78 of the small section of the magnetic coil towards each other so that the magnets with the winding 19, 20 of the component part 77 of the small section of the magnetic coil from one disassembled system 2 enter between the magnets with the winding 21, 22 of the other component parts 78 of the small section of the magnetic coil from another disassembled system 3. In this case, the piston 18 is lowered from above onto the conveyor 16 and onto the component part 78 of the small section of the magnetic coil lying on it component part 77 of the small section of the magnetic coil.

Magnets with a winding of a small section of a magnetic coil are electrically isolated from each other and transmit mechanical forces to them using matrices 23, 24 with inclined surfaces made of a rigid dielectric, while grooves are made between the inclined surfaces and at least one protrusion is made between the grooves . A textolite or other material customary for use in cryogenic technology in superconducting magnetic coils can be made as a rigid dielectric. The layers 25, 26 of an elastic dielectric, for example of sponge or porous rubber, absorb the arising mechanical loads when the protrusions or lateral surfaces or side surfaces of a matrix of a rigid dielectric with inclined surfaces of one component of a small section of a magnetic coil are inserted into the grooves or holes of the matrix from a rigid dielectric with inclined surfaces of another component of a small section of a magnetic coil. Outside of the layers 25, 26, the elastic spring plates 27, 28 also absorb the arising mechanical loads when the matrix of a rigid dielectric with inclined surfaces of one component of a small section of a magnetic coil enters the grooves or holes of a matrix of hard dielectric with inclined surfaces of another component of a small section magnetic coil. The elastic spring plates 27, 28 are pressed against the layers 25, 26 when the approaching other component of the small section of the magnetic coil presses on them so that the elastic spring plates 27, 28 thus spring. The elastic spring plates 27, 28 are connected to the matrices 23, 24 of a rigid dielectric from the end surface of the matrix. For example, with glue, possibly with epoxy or with screws.

A matrix with inclined surfaces of one component of a small section of a magnetic coil from one magnetic coil enters into slots or holes of a matrix with inclined surfaces of another component of a small section of a magnetic coil from another magnetic coil.

In the dielectric matrix of the component of the small section, on both sides of the horizontal section of the energy output wire, there is a section having a similar structure as around magnets with a winding, only with smaller elements in height and width. In this section of the dielectric matrix, either a groove or a protrusion is made, on which a similar layer of elastic dielectric is made, to which a similar spring plate is attached, while everything is made in height and in width of a smaller size. The piston 18 is also pressed onto this matrix portion 18. A cutout (groove) is made in the piston 18, into which the vertical sections of the energy output wires are inserted, and plates 79, 80 are made in the cutout (in the groove), forming together a lattice that presses on the matrix portion of dielectric where it surrounds the horizontal sections of the wires 81, 82 of energy output, which at the boundary of the dielectric matrix are rotated 90 degrees and then go vertically upward. Also, vertical sections of the energy output wires between the plates 79, 80 will be introduced into this cutout (into the groove), when other components of other small sections will be alternately installed on the conveyor 16. Also, this section of the dielectric matrix is held by docking devices 10, 11, for example, levers with grippers and clamps, when separating from the dismountable systems 2, 3 the constituent parts of small sections of the magnetic coil of the next constituent parts of small sections.

On the conveyor 16, a portion of the dielectric matrix surrounding the horizontal portion of the energy output wires is set so that this portion fits onto a special protrusion of the conveyor. At the same time, this protrusion presses from below on this section of the lower component of the small section so that the energy output wire of one component of the small section made on the protrusion enters the groove of the other component of the small section.

When the magnets come closer to the winding with the opposite direction of the electric current density vector with one approaching part of the small section of the magnetic coil with one direction of the electric current density vector with the other approaching parts of the small section of the magnetic coil with the opposite direction of the electric current density vector, a second induction electric field is induced (self-induction EMF) , which increases the current density in adjoining magnets.

where dP _m2 is the change in the magnetic flux through the surface of the circuit, limited by a turn with current when the magnets approach the winding with the opposite direction of the electric current density vector of one adjoining part of the small section of the magnetic coil with one direction of the electric current density vector with the other approaching part of the small section of the magnetic coil with the opposite direction of the electric current density vector induces a second induction electric field,

dt is the unit of time.

There is a work against the forces of the Ampere repulsion of magnets with a winding of the adjacent parts of a small section of a magnetic coil, which goes into an increase in the magnetic energy of magnets with a winding of both of the moving parts of a small section of a magnetic coil.

Thus, various small sections differing in their radii are energized, while it is possible to insert small sections with one radius into the grooves of other small sections of the magnetic coil with other radii.

So carry out the third stage of energizing the magnetic coil energy of the first stage of the method of changing energy in the magnetic system. At this stage, all small sections of the magnetic coil are additionally and very energetically energized.

After this stage of energy supply in the magnets of the superconducting winding of small sections already collected from their constituent parts, cooled to the temperature of liquid helium, the previously created undamped electric current continues to circulate. Moreover, the density of this current is much higher than in the first and second stages of energizing the components of a small section of a magnetic coil.

How can we prevent the destruction of magnets with a current winding during the second stage of powering and in the interval between the second and third stage, in addition to reducing the size of the components of small sections of the magnetic coil?

First of all, of course, you can use the bandages, which are first put on the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil, and then removed by systems 14, 15 to hold and place the components of the small section of the magnetic coil when assembling the small section.

However, a simple reduction in the size of the components and an increase in their number can do without bandages altogether, since after the third stage of feeding, the radial tensile stresses are reduced by a factor of time proportional to the number of pairs of turns of the winding with the opposite direction of the current vectors.

Magnets with windings of various components 77, 78 of a small section of a magnetic coil repel each other, since currents of opposite directions flow into them. However, after inserting one component 77 into another component 78 of a small section of the magnetic coil, the repulsive force decreases because the magnetic field acting between the winding magnets decreases. Magnets with a winding 19, 20, 21, 22, matrices 23, 24 of a rigid dielectric with inclined surfaces, layers 25, 26 of an elastic dielectric and elastic spring plates 27, 28 can be made in such a way that magnets with a winding of each component 77 and 78 of the small section of the magnetic coil are planes of symmetry transverse relative to their axes, and when the transverse planes of symmetry of the magnets with the winding pass when the components approach each other, the direction of the repulsive force acting between the turns is reversed new. In this case, the emerging repulsive force of the new direction begins to repel the magnets with the winding in the new direction so that attraction occurs between the various components 77 and 78 of the small section of the magnetic coil, and this contributes to the convergence between the components 77 and 78 of the small section of the magnetic coil. In this case, the rapprochement occurs between their layers 25, 26 of an elastic dielectric. In this position, the constituent parts 77, 78 of the small section of the magnetic coil are fixed and additionally fastened, for example, with a latch clip.

In this way, current density of short samples can be achieved.

The assembled small section, containing more than one pair of magnets with a winding powered by currents of opposite directions, is a magnetic Bogdanov coil [3].

The small section is cooled in a cryostat 1 by feeding and assembling small sections of magnetic helium with liquid helium. A liquid helium cryostat is cooled in a liquid nitrogen cryostat.

The energy stored in the magnetic coil is determined by the following formula for calculating the energy of many magnets with a coil winding [4]:

where k, i are the numbers of circuits bounded by coil turns,

L _k is the inductance of the k-th circuit,

M _ki is the mutual inductance of the k-th and i-th circuits,

I _k , I _i - electric current strength of the k-th and i-th circuits.

In this formula, the first term is the sum of the self-energies of all currents. The second term is the mutual energy of the currents. In many magnets with a winding, a magnetic coil fed by currents of opposite directions, with an increase in the number of magnets with a winding, the first term grows, the second term tends to zero.

With a large number of magnets with windings with opposite current directions, the first term in this formula with increasing current can become much more than the energy stored in a magnetic coil of similar dimensions if the current in it is less. In this case, in many magnets with a winding of a magnetic coil with an opposite direction of currents, the current can be done more than in a coil with one direction of currents for two reasons.

1. The influence of stray induction currents, which impede washing, is reduced many times since the magnetic field is many times smaller.

2. Radial stresses are reduced many times, since the magnetic field is many times smaller.

If the windings with the opposite direction of the magnet currents with the windings are energized simultaneously so that the current strength in the magnet windings is approximately the same all the time, then the total field of the coil tends to zero with a large number of magnets with the winding, therefore the radial stresses tend to zero and induction currents that prevent washing. For this reason, the current density in the coil can be significantly increased. Therefore, the first term can be significantly higher than in current magnetic coils with the same current direction. The second term, when the number of magnets with a winding with an opposite direction of currents increases, decreases sharply, since an increase in the current in a coil of a winding in one direction of the current, we call this winding the main winding, causes an increase in current in the coil of the winding of the other direction of current, we call this winding additional, and causes a decrease in current in other magnets of the main windings. Therefore, members with mutual induction of magnets with a winding of the same direction of current are included in the formula with one sign, and members with mutual induction of currents of opposite directions in the magnets of the windings are of the opposite sign. These terms as a result mutually reduce each other, and the sum decreases. And in order for more energy to be supplied, the number of pairs of magnets with a winding with opposite directions of the current density vector must be as large as possible, at least significantly more than two.

Therefore, it cannot be argued that if there is current in the magnetic coil but no magnetic field, then there is no magnetic energy of the currents, since this contradicts formula (3) from the physics reference book [4]. This is the most important, key proof of the operability of the method!

In support of this statement, I will give an additional thought experiment. Let two superconducting many magnets with a winding magnetic coil in liquid helium slowly bring together. Let the current in one magnet coil in all magnets flow in one direction, and in the other in the other in all magnets flows in the other (opposite) direction. This is called "coils turned on to meet each other." When approaching, induction electric fields arise, increasing the currents of each coil due to electromagnetic induction. In this case, work occurs against the repulsive Ampere forces acting between the coils. This work is aimed at increasing the magnetic energy of each coil individually. In this case, the magnetic field of each coil individually increases, which means that its magnetic energy also increases. At the end of the approach, both coils enter one another so that the turns of one are between the turns of the other. (In a thought experiment, this is easily feasible.) Many magnets are formed with a winding of a Bogdanov magnetic coil, powered by currents of opposite directions, the magnetic energy of which is equal to the sum of the magnetic energies of the coils at the end of the approach. Moreover, its magnetic energy is more than two times higher than the magnetic energy of each of the approaching magnetic coils separately, since work was done against the repulsive ampere forces acting between the coils.

By the way, in this way it is possible to energize the magnetic coil so that it is completely in the superconducting state at the time of feeding. This means that when powering can be achieved current density of short samples. In this case, the constructive current density increases by more than an order of magnitude. This feeding method is described in my inventions.

Continuing the thought experiment. If then one magnetic coil is again withdrawn from another, they are repelled from each other due to the repulsive ampere forces acting between the coils. And they do work against the repulsive ampere forces acting between the coils. After they move back to their previous distance, their magnetic energy in the ideal case, without taking into account energy dissipation, should be equal to their previous magnetic energy.

If you place the coils one above the other and repeat the thought experiment, then when the coils come closer, the superposition of their magnetic fields decreases, but their total magnetic energy increases. And if after approaching the upper coil is released, then it will rise above the first to a certain height. And their total potential magnetic energy, increased after rapprochement, will do work against gravity, decrease and increase the potential energy of the upper magnetic coil in the field of gravity.

The above examples convincingly prove that the Bogdanov magnetic coil with the number of magnets with a winding is much more than two, despite the paradoxical situation, with a decrease in the total magnetic field of a magnet system with windings with opposite currents, it can contain more than two separate magnetic coils, in one of which the current flows in one direction, and in the other in the opposite direction, of which Bogdanov’s magnetic coil is made up.

It is important that all operations of feeding by this method can be carried out at a temperature of liquid helium either directly in a cryostat surrounded by liquid helium, or in a cryostat surrounded by liquid helium vapor. This makes it possible to increase the current density of short pistons with an increase in the piston speed in each of the magnets with a winding (in each of the windings) of a small section of the magnetic coil.

I draw attention to an important point that makes it possible to counteract the destruction of the constituent parts of small sections of the magnetic coil during the second stage of energy supply, when they are moved away from the magnetic coils. At this moment, they are affected by the tensile force of Ampere in the longitudinal direction, due to the addition of magnetic fields of various components of small sections of the magnetic coil, forming a magnetic coil with turns with currents in one direction of the current density vector.

This tensile force of Amperes can be reduced by reducing the cross section of magnets with a current winding. In this case, the current decreases, and with it the magnetic field also decreases. In this case, the Ampere force decreases in proportion to the second degree (square) of the cross-sectional area, and the strength decreases in proportion to the cross-sectional area in the first degree. In this case, for each current density, a certain critical cross section of the magnets with the winding occurs, starting from which, with a decrease in the cross-sectional area of the winding, the magnets will not be destroyed.

Due to this, the achieved current density can be very large. With an increase in the number of indicated washing operations, the achieved current density can reach the current density of short samples.

Let us estimate the current density to which many magnets with a winding can be energized with a Bogdanov magnetic coil with the number of magnets with a winding, say, much larger than 10.

The current density is easily found using Ohm's law, written in differential form [17]:

where σ is the conductivity,

- напряженность электрического поля,

- electric field strength,

- вектор плотности тока.

is the current density vector.

Substituting the values of the electric field strength defined in expressions (1) and (2) through the rates of change of the magnetic flux through the circuit limited by the current flowing through the small section of the magnetic coil into expression (4), it is easy to obtain the dependence of the current density on the indicated values.

It is known that superconductivity disappears at a critical electric field strength. Therefore, the washing will go through a normal conductor, cooled to cryogenic temperatures. When the movement of the components of a small section stops at the time of power-up, the electric field disappears, and the superconductor enters the superconducting state. In this case, the superconductor shunts the normal conductor, and current begins to flow through the superconductor. There is only one limitation: at the moment of powering, a normal conductor can become very hot, and superconductivity will not occur if the temperature becomes higher than critical. Thus, we conclude that the current density achieved with such a power supply in a composite superconductor is limited from above only by the Joule heating of a normal conductor, in the matrix of which a superconducting wire is made. In this case, there should be no obstacles in the feeding of a small section of the magnetic coil to the current density of short samples, since in short samples the same heating problems as with our feeding methods. That is, when they are energized by heating the composite conductor, the normal conductor is heated in the same way, or at least not stronger than the current flowing through it until the superconducting wire transitions to the superconducting state than in our case. This means that the indicated reasons for the obstacle of feeding associated with the Joule heating of a normal conductor of a composite wire with a superconducting wire in a matrix of a normal conductor, at least up to the current density of short samples inclusive, should not arise.

The volume density of the thermal current power is called the quantity w, numerically equal to the energy that is released in a unit volume of a conductor per unit time. Heat evolution during current flow in winding magnets and when energizing the magnetic coil and when energizing short samples is determined by the Joule-Lenz law in differential form [17], according to which the density of the thermal current power is equal to the scalar product of the current density and electric voltage vectors fields:

It is possible to feed large quantities of magnets with the winding of Bogdanov coils by induction electric fields so that the density of the thermal power of the current, determined in accordance with expression (5), is at least no larger than the same value when current is applied to short samples. Indeed, when current is applied to short samples, it has its own conductivity, its current density, and its own electric field, which feeds short samples with current. And its own density of the thermal power of the current when powered. Thus, it is quite sufficient not to exceed the volumetric densities of the thermal power of the current that are achieved when current is applied to short samples with a composite wire with a superconductor in a matrix of normal metal, which have already been realized and give the observed current densities of short samples, so that Above, the methods of large magnetic coils could produce the same current densities.

Since the magnetic field of a superposition of a large number of magnets with a winding with opposite current directions tends to zero, the magnetic field of such a magnetic coil is much smaller than the critical magnetic field of a superconductor, and therefore the magnetic field of many magnets with a winding of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov does not prevent it from being fed to high energies. At least up to the energy corresponding to currents flowing through it, determined by formula (3), flowing with current density of short samples.

I draw your attention to the fact that, in accordance with expressions (1) and (4), there is an interesting prospect of raising the current density to maximum values already at the second stage of energizing the magnetic system. For example, by maximizing the rate of change of the magnetic flux flowing through the circuit, limited by the winding of the component of the small section. I emphasize that this prospect appears already at the second stage of energizing the magnetic system with energy corresponding to energizing the component of a small section already.

After energizing a small section of the magnetic coil, it is removed from the disassembled systems 2, 3 along a plane perpendicular to the axis of the turns of the magnet winding and at the same distance from the disassembled systems by conveyor 16 of the system for moving the assembled small sections of the magnetic coil.

In this way, small sections of various sizes, made with the possibility of entering into the through axial holes of another small section of a larger size, are collected and thus energized in several assembly shops 60, 61, 85 for assembling and energizing small sections of the magnetic coil.

It should be noted that the assembly shop shown in FIG. 1 for assembling and energizing small sections of a magnetic coil energizes the central small sections of a magnetic coil of that magnetic system whose energy is changed. This follows from the fact that the central small sections of the magnetic coil may not have a through axial hole, and all other small sections of the magnetic coil have through axial holes. Moreover, the central small sections have the smallest sizes among the remaining small sections of the magnetic coil. Accordingly, other assembly shops 60, 61 for assembling and energizing small sections of the magnetic coil are large. Moreover, the size of the assembly workshop for the assembly and energy supply of small sections of the magnetic coil, as a rule, increases with the size of the small section of the magnetic coil collected and energized in it. In this case, we are talking about the length and width of the assembly shop. Moreover, in principle, there are no differences between the method of operation of the assembly shop 85 and the methods of operation of other assembly shops 60, 61 for assembling and energizing small sections of the magnetic coil.

Since the dimensions of small sections vary from one assembly shop to another, the width of the conveyor must also change. How to achieve this? For this, the conveyor 16 contains one conveyor in the assembly shop 85 of the smallest size, in the next assembly shop another conveyor is added to it and so on. Conveyor conveyors 16 are parallel to each other.

In this case, the conveyor 16 of the system for moving the assembled small sections of the magnetic coil, like a flow line, moves the assembled and energized small sections of the magnetic coil to the assembly shops 62, 67, 68 for assembling large sections, the system of large sections and cryostats of the large section system.

An assembly workshop for assembling large sections, a system of large sections and cryostats, a system of large sections in a cryostat 89 with liquid helium, assemble large sections, a system of large sections and cryostats, a system of large sections as follows. In liquid cryostat 89, the required temperature is maintained with the help of a powerful cooling system combined with it, containing powerful refrigeration stations. Cryostats of assembly shops 60, 61 for assembling and energizing small sections of a magnetic coil, including cryostat 1, are connected to each other and with cryostats of assembly shops 62, 67, 68 for assembling large sections, a system of large sections and cryostats of a system of large sections , including cryostat 89, separate corridors or tunnels, also filled with liquid helium. For example, corridors or tunnels in which conveyors 16 and 66 pass.

When combining small sections 30, 31 of the magnetic coil with different radii into a large section, the approach principle is the same as when the magnets are brought together with the winding with opposite current directions. With the system 32 for holding and accommodating small sections of the magnetic coil during assembly of the large section of the magnetic coil, the small section 30 is lifted from the conveyor 16 by a hoist and manipulators with levers, with grippers and clamps, deployed around the system by 180 degrees and installed around the smallest small section 31 of the magnetic coil, the transverse dimensions of which lie between other radii from r ₁₁ to r ₁₂ mounted on an auxiliary device 33 for conveyor assembly of large sections from small sections of the magnetic coil. This device contains grips and clamps, which at the right time extend from the bottom of the device for gripping and clamping a small section mounted on it or for gripping and clamping several small sections mounted on it. In addition, this device, for example, can be made in the form of a conveyor.

The transverse dimensions of the small section 31 of the magnetic coil lie between the radii r ₂₁ , r ₂₂ and they exceed r ₁₁ and r ₁₂ .

The differences between mounting a small section of a magnetic coil from dismantled systems of components of small sections of a magnetic coil and mounting a large section only in that when the small sections of a magnetic coil come together, the Ampere forces that prevent this approach are reduced in proportion to the number of pairs of magnets with a winding powered by currents of opposite directions . However, the assembly algorithm is repeated.

A heat engine 34, for example a steam engine connected to a powerful power station 63, mechanically moves the piston 35 and transfers force to it. Powerful power plant 63 creates steam and supplies steam to the heat engine 34, made, for example, in the form of a steam engine. The steam drives the heat engine 34.

The heat engine 34 can increase the pressure that is applied to the piston 35, for example, by a hydraulic press mechanically connected to the piston 35.

When this piston 35 bring together small sections 30, 31 with different radii. In this case, the piston 35 is pressed from above onto the small section 30 and lowered down so that it falls down and is outside the small section 31 of the magnetic coil, and the small section 31, respectively, entered inside it. In this case, the small section 31 is held from below by special grips, which are extended from the conveyor in order to keep it in one place. On the sides of the small sections 30, 31 of the magnetic coil are the surfaces of the matrices 36, 37 of a rigid dielectric with inclined surfaces, on which layers 38, 39 are made, made of an elastic material, for example, rubber, preferably sponge or porous rubber. The matrices 36, 37 of a rigid dielectric with inclined surfaces are made with the possibility of one small section of the magnetic coil to enter the inside of another small section of the magnetic coil and with the possibility of repeatedly repeating the entry and exit of one small section of the magnetic coil from another so that the inclined surfaces of one matrix are inside the inclined surfaces of another. Outside the layers, elastic spring plates 40, 41 are made, connected to matrices 36, 37 of a rigid dielectric with inclined surfaces. Elastic spring plates 40, 41 can be connected to rigid dielectric matrices 36, 37 with inclined surfaces, for example, with glue, possibly with epoxy resin or with screws. It is possible to contact the elastic spring plate of one small section with another small section.

It is easy to notice that the same algorithm is monitored here as when the components of small sections of the magnetic coil come together and when they are connected.

Layers 38, 39 of an elastic dielectric, for example, rubber, better of sponge or porous rubber, absorb the arising mechanical loads when a matrix of hard dielectric with inclined surfaces of one component of a small section of a magnetic coil enters into slots or holes of a matrix of hard dielectric with inclined the surfaces of another component of a small section of a magnetic coil. Outside of the layers 38, 39, elastic spring plates 40, 41 also absorb the arising mechanical loads when a matrix of rigid dielectric with inclined surfaces of one component of a small section of a magnetic coil enters grooves or holes of a matrix of hard dielectric with inclined surfaces of another component of a small section magnetic coil. The elastic spring plates are arranged to press 40, 41 against the layers 38, 39 when the approaching other component of the small section of the magnetic coil presses on them so that the elastic spring plates 40, 41 spring.

Small sections 30, 31 are made so that when they approach each other, repulsion acts, while again, as with the individual components of small sections of the magnetic coil, repulsion acts in one direction to one plane, and after passing through this plane, repulsion changes its direction to the opposite. The approach of the small sections of the magnetic coil is carried out so that the approaching upper small section passes this section with such a plane and begins to repel from the lower small section of the magnetic coil in the opposite direction so that due to this repulsion the inclined surfaces of the adjacent small sections of the magnetic coil become attracted to each other friend, and small sections due to this repulsion would enter between the grooves formed by inclined surfaces.

In this case, the parameters of small sections of the magnetic coil are selected so that when they approach each other, they are more repelled than attracted.

Therefore, when approaching, work against repulsive forces occurs, and due to this, the current strength in small sections, in accordance with expression (3), is additionally increased.

Thus, the fourth stage of energizing the energy of the magnetic coil of the first stage of the method for changing energy in the magnetic system is carried out. At this stage, all the larger sections of the magnetic coil are additionally slightly energized.

After this stage of energy supply in the magnets of the superconducting winding of large sections, already assembled from small sections cooled to the temperature of liquid helium, the previously created undamped electric current continues to circulate. Moreover, the density of this current is slightly higher than at the third stage of energizing the components of a small section of a magnetic coil.

After the second small section of the next diameter is lowered around the first small section of the magnetic coil of the smallest diameter of the assembled large section, two connected small sections are moved by an auxiliary device 33 of the conveyor system for assembling large sections from small sections of the magnetic coil to the point of attachment to them of a similarly assembled small section even larger, the transverse dimensions of which lie between the radii r ₃₁ , r _{32, 90} , which exceed the radii r ₂₁ , r ₂₂ . And this new section is installed around two already connected small sections of the magnetic coil according to the specified algorithm. And so on. It is possible that the small section is assembled separately, and then the assembled one is installed on the conveyor 16.

The auxiliary device 33 is moved parallel to the conveyor 16. Both of them work as conveyors of a continuous assembly. The conveyor 16 can be moved jerkily so that at the time of assembly of the small sections on it, it stands still, and then it is moved so as to free up space on it for the assembly of new small sections. For this, a stepper motor is connected to the conveyor 16.

On the conveyor 16, the assembled small sections are moved, and on the auxiliary device 33, a conveyor assembly of large sections from the assembled small sections is conveyed.

So collect large sections.

To assemble a large section in separate assembly shops 60, 61, 85 for assembling and energizing small sections of a magnetic coil, several pairs of systems for moving components of small sections of a magnetic coil are used, which parse several pairs of systems of components of small sections of a magnetic coil and several retention systems and placement of the components of the small section of the magnetic coil during the assembly of the small section. For each range of sizes of small sections of the magnetic coil, their pairs of these systems and their pairs of dismountable systems of the components of small sections of the magnetic coil are used. Accordingly, for each size variation range of the small sections of the magnetic coil, separate assembly shops 60, 61, 85 are used for assembling and energizing the small sections of the magnetic coil.

The container 87 of the assembled large sections, made with the possibility of opening and closing, is lowered from above and installed on an auxiliary device 86 in one of the assembly shops 60, 61, 85 for assembling and energizing small sections of the magnetic coil. For example, the container 87 may be in the form of a cylinder with a large side opening for inserting the assembled large sections and an insertable wall, which this opening may partially cover. In addition, for example, the container 87 may be made in the form of a cylindrical cage, half of the side surface of which forms a door configured to open and close.

The auxiliary device 86 comprises grips and clamps, which are pulled out at the right time from the bottom of the device for gripping and clamping the container 87 of the assembled large sections mounted on it. In addition, this device, for example, can be made in the form of a conveyor.

At the time of completion of the assembly of a large section, the container 87 is open.

After collecting a predetermined number of small sections of the magnetic coil into a large section 42 by the system 90 for installing large sections in a container of large sections, the assembled large section 42 is fastened with the first latch clip, rotated around this system 90 by 180 degrees and installed under the hole located in the ceiling of the cryostat 89 above made from above the mine. The lifter of the device 90 assembled a large section is lifted up.

After that, through the hole in the ceiling of the cryostat 89 and through the shaft made from above, the heat shield 88 is lowered into the large section 42.

The heat shield 88 is made of a heat insulator — a material with low thermal conductivity — and is coated on top with a heat radiation reflector. For example, a heat shield may be made of foam, the upper surface of which is covered with a thin foil to reflect thermal radiation. For example, aluminum foil. The heat shield 88 is lowered from above onto the assembled large section 42 at that point in time when it is installed on the system 90 for installing large sections in a container of large sections. The large section 42 together with the heat shield 88 by the system 90 for installing large sections in the container of large sections with manipulators with levers, grippers and clamps is additionally fastened with a second latch clip. By the system 90 for installing large sections in a container of large sections, the assembled large section is installed in a container of 87 large sections. For example, it will be most convenient if the assembled large section is installed in the container 87 on the side. For example, they simply slide horizontally sideways. First, they slide one large section along with the heat shield, then another, then a third, and so on.

Fig. 8 shows the situation when other large sections 44, 45 with heat shields 46, 47 were already installed inside the container 87 in the same way. Heat shields, for example, can be made of foam, the upper surface of which is covered with a thin foil for reflection thermal radiation. For example, aluminum foil.

After installing all the large sections in the system of large sections inside the container 87, the container closing device 87 closes the container 87 with the plug-in wall 94 by the plug-in wall closure device. Thus, the large-section system consisting of the container of large sections with the plug-in wall, large sections and heat shields located inside it is assembled.

A cryostat 43 of a system of large sections of a magnetic coil is lowered onto a conveyor 66.

To the assembly site of the large section 42, the cryostat 43 of the system of large sections of the magnetic coil is led by a conveyor 66.

The assembled system of large sections, consisting of a container 87 with a removable wall, large sections located inside it of large sections and heat shields, a device 69 for assembling a system of large sections with manipulators 95, 96 with levers, with grippers and clamps, is raised and lowered inside the cryostat 43 of the system large sections of a magnetic coil.

If the procedure for connecting the container 87 to the device 69 for assembling the system of large sections with manipulators 95, 96 with levers, with grips and with clamps is difficult to carry out, this procedure can be carried out by divers in special, especially insulated diving suits adapted for working in liquid helium. This procedure is solved on the basis of solving the question of the appropriateness of using known methods and devices of logistics and rigging, well mastered by mankind. That is, the question of what is more expedient is separately resolved. Automata, manipulators or manual labor of divers?

As special diving suits for working in liquid helium, space suits of higher protection can be used. This is real, since such spacesuits were designed for operation in outer space at temperatures close to absolute zero. They showed their suitability when operating at a CMB temperature of only 2.7 degrees Kelvin, which is even lower than the temperature of liquid helium, which is 4.2 degrees Kelvin.

Similarly, another cryostat of the system of large sections of the magnetic coil is assembled, similarly, another system of large sections is installed in it. Moreover, the size of this cryostat is larger than that of the cryostat 43.

After that, the cryostat 43 of the system of large sections of the magnetic coil with the system of large sections installed inside it by devices 91, 92 of the assembly of the cryostat of the system of large sections by manipulators with arms, grips and clamps is raised and lowered into another cryostat of the system of large sections of the magnetic coil with another large section system directly to this large section system. And so on.

The procedure for connecting a cryostat with devices 91, 92 for assembling a cryostat of a system of large sections and disconnecting a cryostat from these devices is carried out either mechanically with the help of manipulators, or it is carried out by divers in special specially insulated diving suits adapted to work in liquid helium.

This procedure is solved on the basis of solving the question of the appropriateness of using known methods and devices of logistics and rigging, well mastered by mankind. That is, the question of what is more expedient is separately resolved. Automata, manipulators or manual labor of divers?

As special diving suits for working in liquid helium, space suits of higher protection can be used. This is real, since such spacesuits were designed for operation in outer space at temperatures close to absolute zero. They showed their suitability when operating at a CMB temperature of only 2.7 degrees Kelvin, which is even lower than the temperature of liquid helium, which is 4.2 degrees Kelvin.

All magnets with windings of small sections of the magnetic coil, combined into large sections of the magnetic coil, have composite superconducting wires, the continuation of which are energy output wires 58, 59 electrically connected to them, which go to the upper part of the cryostat of the system of large sections of the magnetic coil in which they performed along its perimeter. For example, along a circle. In the upper part of these energy output wires 58, 59, there are sections where superconducting magnetic keys 48, 49 with heaters and current leads are located. (In the area of the energy output wire section where the superconducting magnetic key is located, there may not be a matrix of a normal conductor around the superconducting wire.) The energy output wires 58, 59 of the small sections of the magnetic coil installed in the large section of the magnetic coil are made in such a way that of the large section assembled from them, they first go down along the surface of the small sections of the magnetic coil parallel to each other next to each other, and then at the border of the small section of the largest diameter magnetic coil tklonyayutsya upwardly at an angle of 90 degrees and go upward in parallel with the axis of the magnet coil sections of small magnetic coils. Then, a heat shield is placed on the large section formed from these small sections of the magnetic coil, and a new large section is placed on it, the composite superconducting wires of the small sections of the magnetic coil of which also near its small sections of the magnetic coil go parallel to each other along the rays emanating from one center. The wires of energy output of various large sections of the system of large sections run along various beams emanating from one center, while the beam of one large section is at a certain angle with respect to the wires of energy output of the previous large section. Between the various nearest rays, the angles are the same. Together, these angles between the rays along which the wires of energy output of large sections of the system of large sections go, form 360 degrees. The wires of the various large sections of one large section system run vertically upward along the side surface of the large section system together to the top of the cryostat of the large section system. Moreover, they go along the lateral surface of the cylinder, described around a system of large sections. Moreover, they go at a certain distance from its lateral surface. Moreover, it is possible that the energy output wire is electrically isolated from the cryostat of large sections, and the electrical insulation touches this cryostat, is connected to it and pressed to it. Areas with superconducting magnetic keys 48, 49 with current leads and heaters are thermally insulated from each other by heat insulators 71, 72.

Conveyor 66 moves the cryostats of the large section system of the magnetic coil, assembled large sections installed in the large section systems inside the cryostats of the large section system between the various assembly sections 62, 67, 68 for assembling large sections, the large section system and the cryostats of the large section system. In these workshops, the assembled cryostats of the system of large sections are installed one inside the other. In this case, cryostats 54, 55 of the large section system are installed one inside the other so that inside one, for example, cryostat 54, one large section system, for example 56, is made, another cryostat with its own system of large sections, for example, cryostat 55 , for example, with a system of large sections 57, and so on up to the uppermost cryostat, above which there is no next cryostat, but there are only wire leads with current leads and heaters.

The conveyor 16 moves the assembled and energized small sections in the assembly shops 60, 61, 85 for assembling and energizing the small sections of the magnetic coil to the assembly shops 62, 67, 68 for assembling the large sections, the large section system and cryostats of the large section system the small sections are alternately removed from the conveyor 16, large sections are assembled from them on the auxiliary device 33 and the cryostats collected on the conveyor 66 are alternately removed with the large section systems placed inside them and placed inside other cryostats, which are also they are transported on a conveyor 66. Then these cryostats, inside which there is already their own system of large sections, above which the cryostats inserted into them with their systems of large sections, are also removed and installed in new larger cryostats, in which their own system of large sections. And so on.

The various cryostats 54, 55 of the large magnetic coil section system together with the assembled systems 56, 57 of the large magnetic coil sections are mounted (possibly on suspensions) inside each other so that together with the assembled systems 56, 57 of the large magnetic coil sections form a lot of magnets with a winding magnetic coil of Bogdanov.

The assembled systems 56, 57 of large sections of the magnetic coil are electrically connected to wires 58, 59 of energy output containing sections with superconducting magnetic keys 48, 49 with heaters and current leads located at the upper point of the cryostats 54, 55 of the system of large sections of the magnetic coil, made along their perimeters nested one into the other. For example, along circles embedded in one another.

The upper heat shield 70 reduces heat transfer between the parts of the cryostat with the sections of the wires of the energy leads with superconducting magnetic keys 48, 49 with current leads and heaters and the rest of the cryostat.

The upper heat shield 70 is set as follows. At least one hose pre-flattened is laid between the energy output wires, and then this hose is inflated with liquid helium vapor. This procedure is carried out either by the device 69 for assembling the system of large sections with manipulators with levers, grips and clamps, or they can be carried out by divers in special specially insulated diving suits adapted to work in liquid helium. As such diving suits can use space suits of higher protection. This is real, since such spacesuits were designed for operation in outer space at temperatures close to absolute zero. They showed their suitability when operating at a CMB temperature of only 2.7 degrees Kelvin, which is even lower than the temperature of liquid helium, which is 4.2 degrees Kelvin.

Thus, the plant 64 for assembling and energizing a magnetic system made in the form of many magnets with a winding of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov, collect and energize many magnets with a winding of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov.

The assembled cryostats of the system of large sections, installed one inside the other, the conveyor 66 moves to the plant 65 by connecting an energized magnetic system made in the form of many magnets with a winding of a Bogdanov magnetic coil, with an object for using the energy stored in the magnetic system.

At the plant 65, by connecting an energized magnetic system made in the form of many magnets with a winding of a Bogdanov magnetic coil, an object for using the energy stored in the magnetic system is electrically connected to the energized magnetic system by pressure contacts 98, 99. This procedure is carried out either by robots or automatic machines or with manipulators with levers, with grips and with clamps, or they are carried out by divers in special especially insulated diving suits adapted for working in liquid helium.

On top of the upper heat shield 70, on top of the superconducting magnetic keys 48, 49 and on top of the pressure contacts 98, 99, the upper cover 97 of the cryostats of the large section system is installed. The cover 97 of the cryostats of the system of large sections can be made of a dielectric with a high resistivity (from an insulator). For example, from PCB. The wires 100, 101 of the object are preliminarily passed through it to use the energy stored in the magnetic system, and after the pressure contacts 98, 99 are connected to the energy output wires 58, 59, the upper cover 97 of the cryostats of the large section system is lowered and, possibly, additionally sealed.

After this, the energized magnetic system is completely ready for the object to use its energy to use the energy stored in the magnetic system.

A powerful power plant 63 to supply energy to the plant 64 for assembling and energizing the magnetic system, made in the form of many magnets with the winding of a Bogdanov magnetic coil, generate energy and convert part of the energy into electrical energy. For example, by burning fuel or by carrying out nuclear or thermonuclear reactions based on the principles of a thermal, atomic or thermonuclear power plant. Perhaps by carrying out nuclear or thermonuclear explosions of low power in an explosive combustion boiler. Part of the received energy is then directed for the operation of powerful heat engines, for example steam engines, which move the pistons and other elements of the device for implementing the method. Also, a powerful power plant 63 can be made on the basis of an explosive combustion boiler in which low-power nuclear or thermonuclear bombs are detonated.

A powerful power plant 63 is connected to heat engines, for example, steam engines, which drive various power mechanisms and device elements for implementing the method, performed at the plant 64 for assembling and energizing a magnetic system made in the form of many magnets with a winding of a Bogdanov magnetic coil. For example, pistons. For example, a powerful power plant 63 generates steam, and the steam is sent to pistons and other power mechanisms.

As a power station, it is best to use a power station based on the third method of Bogdanov to carry out a controlled fusion reaction and a device for its implementation [8], since such a power station allows using a thermonuclear fusion reaction to release energy exceeding the energy of all the earth’s power plants in a short period of time taken, developed by them for the same period of time.

Bogdanov’s thermonuclear microexplosions of the third method for the implementation of the controlled thermonuclear fusion reaction, created by the device for its implementation [8], can either directly move the pistons or provide energy to the heat engines that move the pistons. For example, pistons that change the distance between magnet systems with a winding included in various elements of the assembly are large with many magnets with a winding of a Bogdanov magnetic coil. For example, pistons that change the distance between the components of small sections of a magnetic coil or between small sections.

They can also use thermonuclear power plants based on thermonuclear reactors with currents. For example, they can use a thermonuclear power station based on the Bogdanov thermonuclear reactor [16]. Or, for example, they can use a thermonuclear power station based on the ITER thermonuclear reactor, the decision on the construction of which in France in July 2005 has already been taken.

It is known that chemical rocket engines used today for launching aircraft into space have a low specific energy content per unit weight of fuel [9], which is not more than 1.2 · 10 ⁷ J / kg. However, in inductive energy storage devices with a superconducting many magnets with a Bogdanov magnetic coil winding, the specific energy content per unit weight can be made much more. In this case, with increasing winding mass m, the amount of energy stored in it increases in proportion to the degree m ^5/3 and with increasing current density j is proportional to j ² [10]. Therefore, it is theoretically possible, by increasing the mass of the magnetic coil and current density, to increase the specific energy content per unit weight of the aircraft by several orders of magnitude in relation to a similar value for chemical rocket engines. However, in practice, in current magnetic coils with one direction of current, the mechanical stresses that occur when the coil is energized do not allow the coil to be light enough (an additional heavy reinforcing cage is required). Also, the induction currents that occur during washing do not allow the coil to be fed with a current of high current density. Therefore, it is known that the more energy is stored in a coil with one direction of current, the lower the current density along the winding.

These two drawbacks are deprived of the Bogdanov Magnetic Coil [3], which, in addition to the main winding, has an additional winding located along the main winding, electrically isolated from the main winding, and a power supply system for the main and additional windings, configured to supply them with oppositely directed currents, equal in magnitude so that at the moment of feeding, the total magnetic field of both coils was approximately equal to zero. In this case, the magnetic energy of both windings is summed in accordance with expression (3), and the total magnetic field is approximately equal to zero. As a result, when the coil is energized, there are no induction currents that prevent it from being energized, and no mechanical stresses rupture the coil, as would be the case with a conventional magnetic coil. Due to this, in the magnetic coil of Bogdanov it is possible to create, practically, at its arbitrary size, the maximum current density acceptable for a given superconductor. This is the so-called current density of short samples. Turn to the numbers. In small ordinary coils with an energy of 0.1 kJ, the current density is 5 · 10 ⁸ A / m ² [2], in large coils with an energy of 10 MJ, the current density is 1 · 10 ⁷ A / m ² .

Now, if the current density in large magnetic coils increases to a current density in small ones, then it will be the same 5 · 10 ⁸ A / m ² , and the stored energy will be like a square of this value [10], namely 250 times, and will be 2500 MJ But the current, as mentioned above, can be increased without any difficulty to the current density of short samples. For Nb ₃ Sn this is, for example, about 3 · 10 ¹⁰ A / m ² at a field of 1 T and a temperature of 4.2 K. [eleven]. Since a composite superconductor is usually used, if we take a structural current of not more than 0.8 critical, with a ratio of normal and superconducting parts 1: 1 we get ~ 10 ¹⁰ A / m ² , that is, the current density will increase by another 20 times.

As a result, the coil energy will increase by another 400 times and will reach 10 ⁷ MJ. This is 10 ⁶ (1 million) times more than the energy of an ordinary large coil. In [10], a plot of the ratio of the weight of a magnetic field coil to the stored energy for a Brooks superconducting coil is given. From the graph it follows that at a critical current density of 10 ⁸ A / m ² and stored energy 10 ¹⁰ J, the ratio weight / stored energy is 5 kg / MJ and, therefore, the weight of the magnetic field coil, which can store energy 10 ¹⁰ J, is 50 t. In this case, the specific energy content per unit weight of the magnetic coil will be 0.2 MJ / kg.

Given that the stored energy is proportional to the weight of the magnetic field coil to a degree of 5/3 and the density of the (constructive) current to the second degree, it can be argued that with a structural current density of 10 ⁹ A / m ² and stored energy of 10 ¹⁵ J, the weight of the magnetic field coil 500 tons. The ratio of stored energy to weight is 2 · 10 ⁹ J / kg, which is more than 100 times the maximum possible specific energy content per unit weight of chemical fuel (1.2 · 10 ⁷ J / kg).

All these relations can apply to the Bogdanov magnetic coil if it is made in the aspect ratio of the Brooks coil with the fundamental difference that it is impossible to accumulate 10 ¹⁵ J in a Brooks coil made as a conventional coil with one current direction, and in many magnets with winding the coil of Bogdanov with windings having currents in opposite directions, this is quite real. If the Bogdanov coil, made with the Brooks coil size ratio, is supplied with current with a structural density of short samples of 10 ¹⁰ A / m ² , then, according to the schedule, the energy of 10 ¹⁵ J will be accumulated in the coil weighing only 5 tons. In this case, the ratio is stored energy to the weight of the coil will be 2 · 10 ¹¹ J / kg This ratio is more than 10000 exceeding the maximum possible specific energy content per unit weight of chemical fuel (1.2 · 10 ⁷ J / kg [9]).

An energy storage device made in the form of a Bogdanov magnetic coil, an aircraft power system can use Bogdanov magnetic coils with a very high energy content, for example, of the order of 10 ¹⁵ J (one quadrillion joules) and higher. As mentioned earlier, a magnetic coil with a ratio of the dimensions of the Brooks coil for an energy of 10 ¹⁵ J (one quadrillion joules) weighs either 500 tons or 5 tons depending on the current density flowing in the magnetic coil.

вес катушки 500 т, при плотности тока

достигнутом в коротких образцах, вес катушки 5 т. Соответственно, в первом случае вес летательного аппарата ожидается порядка нескольких тысяч тонн, во втором случае порядка десятков тонн. Создание летательного аппарата в тысячи тонн и весом в десятки тонн - это принципиально разные по сложности и по материальным затратам задачи.At a current actually achieved in superconducting systems

coil weight 500 t at current density

achieved in short samples, the coil weight is 5 tons. Accordingly, in the first case, the weight of the aircraft is expected to be several thousand tons, in the second case, about tens of tons. Creating an aircraft of thousands of tons and weighing tens of tons - these are fundamentally different tasks in terms of complexity and material costs.

In order to drive 10 ¹⁵ J (one quadrillion joules) of energy into the energy storage device, made in the form of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov, the power system of an aircraft weighing tens of tons, the magnetic coil must be energized so that it would be completely in superconducting state.

When powering, you should pay attention to the fact that the plant 64 for assembling and energizing the magnetic system, made in the form of many magnets with a winding of the Bogdanov magnetic coil, connected to the starting complex, must contain a powerful cooling system containing powerful refrigerators. It should be expected that the energy expenditure of the cooling system upon cooling to the temperature of liquid helium can in the range from 500 to 1000 times exceed the amount of energy stored in the magnetic system [12]. This is what requires a large level of power from a nearby power plant.

The second stage of energy change in the magnetic system is the transfer of the collected and energized energy of the magnetic system, made in the form of many magnets with the winding of the magnetic coil of Bogdanov, to the object using the energy of the magnetic coil.

The second stage - the transfer of the collected and energized magnetic system, made in the form of many magnets with the winding of the magnetic coil of Bogdanov, to the object using the energy of the magnetic coil - is as follows.

From plant 64 for assembling and energizing a magnetic system made in the form of many magnets with a winding of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov, an energized magnetic coil is transferred to plant 65 by connecting an energized magnetic system made in the form of many magnets with a winding of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov with an object to use the energy stored in the magnetic system.

At the plant 65, by connecting an energized magnetic system made in the form of many magnets with a winding of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov, with an object for using the energy stored in the magnetic system, superconducting magnetic keys with heaters and with current leads of energized magnetic system are electrically connected to the input of the power plant of the object. For example, using pressure contacts.

It is possible that at the plant 65, by connecting an energized magnetic system made in the form of many magnets with a winding of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov, with an object for using the energy stored in a magnetic system, an energized magnetic system is installed inside the object.

The object for using the energy stored in a magnetic system made in the form of many magnets with the winding of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov can be either the energy system of a country or continent, for example, the energy system of Russia, the united Europe or North America, or a vehicle, possibly with a starting complex of transport facilities. For example, an aircraft or an aircraft with a launch complex of an aircraft.

For example, sections of many magnets with a winding of the magnetic coil of Bogdanov are energized before starting the aircraft with either the Bogdanov electric propulsion engine [5] or the electric propulsion engine with coaxial electrodes [6], preferably with a ramjet electric motor with coaxial electrodes, or with an electric motor, made in the form of an electric motor with a screw, or with an anti-gravity engine of Bogdanov [7] using a powerful power plant connected to the launch complex of the aircraft.

The third stage of energy change in the magnetic system is the removal of energy from the magnetic system for the object to use the energy of the magnetic coil.

The third stage - the removal of energy from the magnetic system for use by the object of the energy of the magnetic coil - is as follows.

We consider the case when the object for using the energy stored in the magnetic coil of Bogdanov is a vehicle. The remaining cases are not fundamentally different from this.

The energy in the magnetic system is changed when the magnetic coil is inside the object to use the energy stored in the magnetic system. For example, inside the vehicle, in this case, when the stored energy is removed from the magnetic system, the energy is directed to the vehicle engine to supply it with energy.

To output the stored energy in each pair of magnets with a winding in the upper part of the energy output wires 58, 59, made in the form of composite superconducting wires, simultaneously in the superconducting magnetic switches 48, 49 heat the sections of pairs of electrically connected energy output wires running along one another with a winding of magnets with a winding with opposite directions of currents in the area of the location of the current leads, the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state by heating and stored energy through current leads. It is easy to see that, if we draw an analogy with the prototype of the invention, at the same time, energy is removed from two magnets with a winding with opposite current directions with the help of two superconducting magnetic keys working simultaneously.

Each superconducting magnetic key in this case works as follows.

The heater 50 is heated by applying electric current to it through the wires 51, 106, for example, from a powerful power station 63, either due to the Joule-Lenz effect or due to other thermoelectric phenomena. For example, due to the Peltier effect. A heater 50 heats a portion of the energy output wire 48 electrically connected to the winding of the magnet with the winding.

A portion of the energy output wire 48 is heated by the heater 50 in the region of the location of the current leads 52, 53 between them, by heating the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state, and the stored energy is removed through the current leads.

If the heating is carried out, for example, due to the Peltier effect, then it is possible that in this case the heaters may consist of connecting two or more semiconductor materials with such properties that, in one direction of the current through them, the heater is heated, and in the other direction of the current, the heater is cooled. The heater 50 and wires 51, 106 are electrically isolated from other elements of the superconducting magnetic keys.

Thus, the storage of stored energies is carried out (switching of stored energy).

When the stored energy is removed, the energy is removed alternately, heating the heaters one at a time with the heaters and the current leads of the energy output wires 58, 59 along the perimeters of the cryostats 54, 55 of the system of large sections of the magnetic coil. One wire is heated in turn along the perimeter of each cryostat, and energy is taken out of the heated wires in turn. First, one wire is heated in turn and energy is taken out from heated wires located along the perimeter of one cryostat, then along the perimeter of another cryostat, and so on.

Superconducting magnets with coil windings of superconducting magnetic keys for switching are heated in small areas. In the heated areas, the superconducting magnets with the winding go into normal state and at the same time, in small portions, impulses send electric current to the current leads during switching, transferring the energy stored in them into it. Energy is output simultaneously from the windings of each pair of windings so that the current in one of them is always equal to the current in the other.

In this case, the energy is removed first from one section, while the cooling liquid helium and liquid nitrogen can completely evaporate, then from another and so on. In this case, a separate cryostat with liquid helium can be made for each section, embedded in a separate cryostat (dewar vessel) with liquid nitrogen. This will dispense with a separate gas liquefaction system, which is required to maintain the temperature of liquid helium when heating a section of a superconductor when it is brought back to normal when the stored energy is removed.

After the output of the Bogdanov’s energy stored in its superconducting magnetic coil from the power system as a result of switching, this energy is transferred by wires to the engine of the aircraft and is used there.

How to ensure that heating the current leads does not require the installation of additional refrigeration systems on the aircraft?

Superconducting magnets with a winding system of superconducting magnetic keys for switching are heated in small areas. In the heated areas, the superconducting magnets with the winding go into normal state and at the same time, in small portions, impulses send electric current to the current leads during switching, transferring the energy stored in them into it. Energy is output simultaneously from the windings of each pair of windings so that the current in one of them is always equal to the current in the other.

In this case, the energy is removed first from one section, while the cooling liquid helium and liquid nitrogen can completely evaporate, then from another and so on. In this case, a separate cryostat with liquid helium can be made for each section, embedded in a separate cryostat (dewar vessel) with liquid nitrogen. And in the event that horizontal heat screens are used in one cryostat that separate large sections from each other, first the energy is removed from the upper large section in the cryostat, while in the upper part of the cryostat around this large section the helium can evaporate, then from the next lower a large section, above and around it in a cryostat, helium can also evaporate, and so on. This will dispense with a separate gas liquefaction system, which is required to maintain the temperature of liquid helium when heating a section of a superconductor when it is brought back to normal when the stored energy is removed.

Helium is simply in turn evaporated from the upper sections of individual cryostats of the system of large sections, and so in all cryostats with all systems of large sections of the magnetic coil. In this case, large coils can go into a normal state, heat up and at the same time the stored energy will still come out of them for a long time. In this case, the stored energy will be output for a time exceeding the ohmic current decay time in the normal part of the magnets with the windings of the windings of large coils, since this time can be made quite large by increasing the diameters of the magnets with the windings of the windings.

The magnetic energy inside the large section is reduced due to ohmic dissipation of energy. In the volume of a large section, the size of the magnets is R, the current decay time is [13, 14]:

where σ≈Т ^3/2 ,

σ is the conductivity of the winding of a large section,

R is the size of the magnets with the winding of a large section,

c is the speed of light.

Let us estimate in what range this value varies if the sizes of large sections of the magnetic coil vary from 1 m to 10 m (for calculation in the GHS system, values from 100 cm to 1000 cm should be taken).

We substitute in the expression (6) the copper conductivity equal to about 10 ¹⁷ units of GCE [13], and we find that the specified decay time of the electric current varies from 14 s to 1400 s for the indicated section sizes, with magnets with a winding made of a composite superconductor with a matrix of copper, subject to its transition to a normal state.

If we compare this time with the typical time during which the rocket from the launch accelerates to reach about 1000 s, we can see that 100 sections with dimensions of 1 m (for calculation in the GHS system you should take 100 cm) or one section with dimensions of 10 m (1000 cm) will easily be able to bring their energy to the engine of the aircraft so that it goes into orbit.

Thus, it is possible to easily remove energy from many systems of large sections of the magnetic coil in turn, starting from the uppermost large sections of the magnetic coil in each cryostat of the large sections of the magnetic coil, until all the energy stored in them from the system of large sections of the magnetic coil, even if at the same time all liquid helium is boiled from top to bottom and large sections will go into a normal state and already from the normal state they will give up the stored magnetic energy and heat up due to j Ouleva heating.

If, for example, you use 4 systems of large sections of a magnetic coil with dimensions of the order of 10 m (1000 cm), then with the help of the energy stored in them it is quite possible to accelerate the aircraft to the first space speed, fly at this speed to any part of the Earth, slow down, land , and then start again, take the course back and land again on the spot of the first start. Even provided that each time the helium will completely boil away and the current will decay due to Joule heating.

At the same time, in 1 hour it will be easy to fly to any corner of the globe with the speed of a ballistic missile. And to America, for example, from Europe in 20-25 minutes. That is exactly what a ballistic missile takes to cover this distance.

A flight with a start, acceleration, landing, a second start, a second acceleration and a second landing with the return through the use of energy stored in many magnets with a winding magnetic coil of Bogdanov’s energy is as follows.

First, energy is removed from the external system of large sections of the magnetic coil with the largest radii, then from the system of large sections of the magnetic coil with smaller radii, then even smaller and so on. In this case, evaporation due to the Joule heating is allowed, first of helium from the external cryostat No. 1 of the external system of large sections of the magnetic coil, then from the cryostat located inside it of slightly smaller sizes No. 2, then from the cryostat even smaller sizes No. 3 embedded in the cryostat No. 2, and etc.

In this case, magnetic energy is removed from the first part of the systems of large sections of the magnetic coil and used at the start of the aircraft with a large number of magnets wrapped with a Bogdanov magnetic coil and the first part of the cryostats of these first systems of large sections of the magnetic coil can evaporate the liquid helium of these cryostats, and from the second part of the systems of large sections of the magnetic coil output magnetic energy already to land the aircraft with a lot of magnets with a magnetic coil winding Bogdanov and already from the second hour These cryostats of these second systems of large sections of the magnetic coil can vaporize liquid helium.

Accordingly, if the flight goes to another planet with a return or to another airport with a return, then even then magnetic energy is removed from the third part of the systems of large sections of the magnetic coil and used on the second launch of the aircraft with a lot of magnets with a Bogdanov magnetic coil and a third part of the cryostats corresponding to these third systems of large sections of the magnetic coil can evaporate the liquid helium of these cryostats, and from the fourth part of the systems of large sections of the magnetic coil They emit magnetic energy already upon landing of an aircraft with a large number of magnets wrapped in a Bogdanov magnetic coil and already from the fourth part of the cryostats corresponding to these fourth systems of large sections of the magnetic coil, liquid helium can be vaporized. And so on.

After withdrawing from many magnets with a winding of the magnetic coil of Bogdanov all the energy stored in it, it can be disassembled and used in a new way. It can also be disassembled in parts during the flight and thrown out at the same time spent systems of large sections of the magnetic coil and cryostats, from which all liquid helium was vaporized, like the steps of a multi-stage rocket, when all fuel comes out of them.

However, the difference between the systems of large sections of the magnetic coil and the stages of a rocket with chemical rocket fuel is that in the systems of large sections of the magnetic coil, the stored energy per unit weight of hundreds or even thousands of times more than the energy per unit weight of chemical rocket fuel can be used engines.

The fourth stage is the transfer of a magnetic coil after the storage of its stored energy by an object for using the energy of a magnetic coil to a factory for disassembling a magnetic coil, for manufacturing initial elements from a magnetic system for its new power supply and for preparing it for a new power supply. The dismantling plant may coincide with the assembly plant.

The fourth stage is the transfer of the magnetic coil after the storage of its stored energy by the facility for using the energy of the magnetic coil to the factory for disassembling the magnetic coil and manufacturing of the initial elements from the magnetic system for its new power supply, by the factory for dismantling (dismantling), for example, by repeating in reverse the sequence of all magnetic coil assembly operations.

They can use two plants for assembling and powering a magnetic coil with energy. At the same time, one factory is assembling and energizing the new magnetic coil, and another factory is dismantling the old magnetic coil, from which the energy has already been removed.

Then factories can change the tasks they perform to the opposite. That is, first a magnetic coil is assembled and energized by one factory, and another magnetic coil is dismantled and prepared by another factory for a new power supply, and then vice versa.

A device for implementing the Bogdanov method of changing the amount of magnetic energy in a magnetic system in the first embodiment (better, but more expensive and more complex version than the second option) consists of the following elements.

The cryostat 1 for feeding and assembling small sections of magnetic coils, filled with liquid helium, is combined with a powerful cooling system, including powerful refrigeration stations. The cryostat 1 for feeding and assembling small sections of magnetic coils is included in the assembly workshop 85 for assembling and energizing small sections of the magnetic coil. And already in the assembly shop 85 for assembling and energizing small sections of a magnetic coil, cryostat 1 for feeding and assembling small sections of magnetic coils is part of a plant 64 for assembling and energizing a magnetic system made in the form of many magnets with a winding of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov.

The plant 64 for assembling and energizing a magnetic system, made in the form of many magnets with a winding of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov, is connected to a powerful power plant 63.

A powerful power plant 63 for supplying energy to a plant 64 for assembling and energizing a magnetic system made in the form of many magnets with a winding of a Bogdanov magnetic coil can be a thermal, nuclear, or thermonuclear power station. It can also be made on the basis of an explosive combustion boiler in which low-power nuclear or thermonuclear bombs are detonated.

Power plant 63 is connected to heat engines, such as steam engines, which are configured to drive various power mechanisms and device elements for implementing the method, performed at factory 64. For example, pistons.

The assembly shop of the small section of the plant 64 for assembling and energizing the magnetic system, made in the form of many magnets with the winding of the magnetic coil of Bogdanov, consists of the following elements.

In the cryostat 1 for feeding and assembling small sections of magnetic coils filled with liquid helium, two dismountable systems 2, 3 of the components of small sections of the magnetic coil are made. In this case, the disassembled systems 2, 3 of the components of small sections of the magnetic coil contain superconducting magnets with a winding. It is possible to power magnets with a winding of one disassembled system by current with one direction of the current density vector, and it is possible to power magnets with the winding of another disassembled system by current with the opposite direction of the current density vector. In this case, the disassembled systems 2, 3 of the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil consist of several components of the small sections of the magnetic coil, made with the ability to move away from the remaining components of the small sections of the magnetic coil that are part of the disassembled system. In this case, the radii of the magnets with the winding of the dismantled systems 2, 3 of the components of small sections of the magnetic coil lie in a range from maximum to minimum radii of one small section of the magnetic coil. Each small section of each of the systems 2, 3 to be disassembled has winding magnets made so that their continuation is energy output wires 4, 5 made of composite superconductors containing wires from a superconductor placed in a matrix from a normal conductor, for example, from copper or aluminum.

Dismantled systems 2, 3 are designed so that the axis of their magnets with a winding is vertical.

In the upper part of the energy output wires 4, 5, superconducting magnetic switches 73, 74 are made with current leads and heaters, configured to power the disassembled systems 2, 3 of the components of small sections of the magnetic coil with energy. It is possible from the top to the superconducting magnetic keys 73, 74 to lower the pressure contacts electrically connected to the powerful power station 63, to press, close, electrically connect, energize the disassembled systems 2, 3 through them, and then open and close the pressure contacts again and again.

Systems 6, 7 for moving the components of small sections of the magnetic coil are configured to connect to the components 8, 9 of the small section of the magnetic coil with docking devices 10, 11, for example, levers with grippers and clamps, which are made with the ability to grab the two components 8, 9 of the small sections of the magnetic coil on one component of each small section of the magnetic coil from each of the disassembled systems 2, 3 components of small sections of the magnetic coil and move vertically from the disassembled Istemi 2, 3. In this system 12, extension 13 and retention in a fixed position connecting devices connected to the docking device 75, 76 with the arms and the gripper clamps. Systems 12, 13 of extending and holding in a fixed position of the docking devices with docking devices 75, 76 with levers with grippers and clamps are connected to dismountable systems 2, 3 of the components of small sections of the magnetic coil and are made to hold them in their original position when separated from them component parts of small sections of a magnetic coil.

One system 6 for moving the components of small sections of the magnetic coil is made from the top of the dismountable systems 2, 3, and another system of 7 systems for moving the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil is made from the bottom of the dismountable systems 2, 3.

Also, the systems 6, 7 for moving the components of small sections of the magnetic coil are made with the possibility of docking devices 10, 11, for example, levers with grippers and clamps, to move in the horizontal direction two components 8, 9 of the small section of the magnetic coil and connect them to systems 14, 15 retention and placement of the components of a small section of a magnetic coil during the assembly of a small section. The conveyor 16 of the system for moving the assembled small sections of the magnetic coil is made with the ability to move between systems 14, 15 holding and placing the components of a small section of the magnetic coil when assembling a small section. The systems 14, 15 for holding and positioning the components of the small section of the magnetic coil during assembly of the small section are configured to move the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil using levers with clamps and grips, for example, using the manipulators of the machines so that both components are located above the conveyor 16 of the system for moving the assembled small sections of the magnetic coil.

Systems 6, 7 for moving the components of small sections of the magnetic coil contain various electric motors made inside them. Systems 6, 7 for moving components of small sections of the magnetic coil are mounted on rails 83, 84. Electric motors are electrically connected to a power supply system, for example, a powerful power station 63, various wires and rails 83, 84, and it is possible to move systems 6, 7 for moving components parts of small sections of the magnetic coil at times when they move the component parts of small sections. Systems 14, 15 for holding and positioning the components of a small section of a magnetic coil during assembly of a small section also contain various electric motors made inside them. The electric motors are electrically connected to a power supply system, for example with a powerful power plant 63, various wires. Moreover, in systems 6, 7, 14, 15 they use electric motors that are able to work at cryogenic temperatures. Basically, at the temperature of liquid helium. At the same time, an opening is made in the upper system 6 for moving the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil, into which the disassembled magnetic system of the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil is inserted. The corresponding hole is also made over the lower system 7 for moving the components of small sections of the magnetic coil into which another dismountable magnetic system of components of the small sections of the magnetic coil is inserted.

Systems 14, 15 for holding and positioning the components of a small section of a magnetic coil during assembly of a small section are made between dismountable systems 2, 3 and between systems 6, 7 for moving components of small sections of a magnetic coil.

A heat engine 17, for example a steam engine connected to a powerful power plant 63, is made on top of the piston 18.

The heat engine 17 may include a hydraulic press mechanically connected to the piston 18.

Between the systems 14, 15 of holding and placing the components of the small section of the magnetic coil during assembly of the small section, a piston 18 is made.

The figures show a point in time when two very first components 77, 78 of the very first small section are already installed over the conveyor 16 of the system for moving the assembled small sections of the magnetic coil. The difference between the energy output wires of the first component parts 77, 78 of the very first small section is that in one of its component parts, for example, in the upper component part 77, the energy output wires go straight up.

The piston 18 is configured to bring together the two components 77, 78 of the small section of the magnetic coil towards each other so that the magnets with the winding 19, 20 of the component part 77 of the small section of the magnetic coil from one disassembled system 2 enter between the magnets with the winding 21, 22 of the other component parts 78 of a small section of the magnetic coil from another disassembled system 3.

The piston 18 is made on top of the conveyor 16.

In this case, the piston 18 is made with the possibility of lowering down onto the conveyor 16 and onto the component part 8 of the small section of the magnetic coil lying on it component 9 of the small section of the magnetic coil.

Magnets with a winding of a small section of a magnetic coil are electrically isolated from each other through matrices 23, 24 of a rigid dielectric with inclined surfaces. At the same time, it is possible to transfer mechanical forces to them through matrices 23, 24 from a rigid dielectric with inclined surfaces, while grooves are made between the inclined surfaces, and at least one protrusion is made between the grooves. As a rigid dielectric, textolite or other material customary for use in cryogenic technology can be made. On inclined surfaces, layers 25, 26 are made of an elastic dielectric, for example, spongy or porous rubber. Outside the layers 25, 26, elastic spring plates 27, 28 are made at some distance from each other. In cross section, the dielectric matrix section with layers of elastic material and with pressed spring plates has the shape of either a triangle or a trapezium, resembling a cross-sectional view of a wedge, moreover, these elements are made with the possibility of multiple entry and exit of one component of a small section of a magnetic coil from another component of a small section of a magnetic coil so that the elastic spring plates We touched and pressed on inclined surfaces. It is possible for inclined surfaces of one component of a small section of a magnetic coil to enter between inclined surfaces of another component of a small section of a magnetic coil.

The elastic spring plates 27, 28 are arranged to spring and cling to the layers 25, 26 when the approaching other component of the small section of the magnetic coil presses on them.

Magnets with a winding of various components 8, 9 of a small section of a magnetic coil are made with the possibility of feeding currents in opposite directions.

Magnets with a winding 19, 20, 21, 22, matrices 23, 24 of a rigid dielectric with inclined surfaces and layers 25, 26 of elastic dielectric can be made in such a way that for magnets with a winding of each component part 8 and 9 of a small section of the magnetic coil there are planes of symmetry transverse relative to their axes, while magnets with a winding are made with the possibility of entering the grooves of another component of a small section of a magnetic coil between its turns so that the planes of symmetry of the magnets with a winding pass when the components approach each other pyr other so that the direction of the repulsive force acting between the coils is reversed.

In the dielectric matrix of the component of the small section, on both sides of the horizontal section of the energy output wire, there is a section having a similar structure as around magnets with a winding, only with smaller elements in height and width. In this section of the dielectric matrix, either a groove or a protrusion is made, on which a similar layer of elastic dielectric is made, to which a similar spring plate is attached, while everything is made in height and in width of a smaller size. It is also possible to transmit the pressure of the piston 18 to this section of the dielectric matrix. A cut-out (groove) is made in the piston 18, into which vertical sections of the energy output wires are provided, and in the cut-out (in the groove), plates 79, 80 are formed, forming together a grating with which it is possible to press on a portion of the dielectric matrix where it surrounds the horizontal sections of the energy output wires 81, 82, which are rotated 90 degrees at the boundary of the dielectric matrix and then extend vertically pkh. It is also possible to introduce vertical sections of energy output wires between the plates 79, 80 into this cut-out (into the groove), when other components of other small sections will be alternately installed on the conveyor 16. It is also possible to hold this portion of the dielectric matrix with docking devices 10, 11, for example, levers with grippers and clamps, when separating from the dismountable systems 2, 3 the constituent parts of the small sections of the magnetic coil of the next constituent parts of the small sections.

A special projection is made on the conveyor 16. At the same time, it is possible to install a portion of the dielectric matrix surrounding the horizontal portion of the energy output wires so that this portion fits onto a special projection of the conveyor. At the same time, it is possible to install a portion of the dielectric matrix surrounding the horizontal portion of the energy output wires so that the protrusion presses downward on this portion of the lower component of the small section so that the energy output wire of one component of the small section made on the protrusion enters the groove of the other component of the small section.

It is possible to further secure the components 8, 9 of the small section of the magnetic coil, for example, with a clip with a latch.

After a small section of the magnetic coil is energized, it is possible to remove it from the disassembled systems 2, 3 along a plane perpendicular to the axes of the turns of the magnet winding and at the same distance from the disassembled systems by the conveyor 16 of the system for moving the assembled small sections of the magnetic coil.

It is possible to combine small sections 30, 31 of the magnetic coil with different radii into a large section with a system 32 for holding and placing small sections of the magnetic coil when assembling a large section of the magnetic coil.

The system 32 for holding and accommodating small sections of the magnetic coil when assembling a large section of the magnetic coil is configured to lift the small section 30 from the conveyor 16 with levers with grippers and manipulators and install it around the smallest small section of the magnetic coil 31, the transverse dimensions of which lie between other radii r ₁₁ to r ₁₂ mounted on the auxiliary device 33. The transverse dimensions of the small section 26 of the magnetic coil lie between the radii r ₂₁ , r ₂₂ , and they exceed r ₁₁ and r ₁₂ .

The system 32 for holding and accommodating small sections of the magnetic coil when assembling a large section of the magnetic coil is connected to the conveyor 16 and to an auxiliary device 33 of the system for the conveyor assembly of large sections from small sections.

The system 90 for installing a large section of a magnetic coil in a container of large sections is connected to an auxiliary device 33 of the conveyor system for assembling large sections from small sections and to the conveyor 66.

A heat engine 34, such as a steam engine, is connected to the power plant 63, is made on top of the piston 35 and is configured to move it and transmit mechanical forces to it.

The heat engine 34 may include a hydraulic press mechanically connected to the piston 35.

The piston 35 is configured to connect to the small section 30. In this case, the piston 35 is configured to press down on the small section 30 and lower it so that it drops down so that inside it is a small section 31. It is possible to connect the small section 31 with special grippers made with the ability to extend from the conveyor in order to keep it in one place. On the sides of the small sections 30, 31 of the magnetic coil, matrices 36, 37 are made of a rigid dielectric with inclined surfaces on which layers 38, 39 are made of elastic material, for example, spongy or porous rubber. The matrices 36, 37 of a rigid dielectric with inclined surfaces are made with the possibility of one small section of the magnetic coil to enter the inside of another small section of the magnetic coil and with the possibility of repeatedly repeating the entry and exit of one small section of the magnetic coil from another so that the inclined surfaces of one matrix are inside the inclined surfaces of another. Outside the layers, elastic spring plates 40, 41 are made, connected to matrices 36, 37 of a rigid dielectric with inclined surfaces. Elastic spring plates 40, 41 can be connected to rigid dielectric matrices 36, 37 with inclined surfaces, for example, with glue, possibly with epoxy resin or with screws. It is possible to contact the elastic spring plate of one small section with another small section.

The small sections are configured to be mounted on the auxiliary device 33 of the conveyor assembly system of large sections from small sections of the magnetic coil, while it is possible to assemble a large coil from small sections on the auxiliary device 33, while it is possible to assemble a large section of at least two small sections, while it is possible to transport an auxiliary device 33, at least two small sections connected together, forming a large section.

The possibility is provided for the container 87 of the assembled large sections, made with the possibility of opening and closing, lowering it from above and installing it on an auxiliary device 86 in one of the assembly shops 60, 61, 85 for assembling and energizing small sections of the magnetic coil. For example, the container 87 can be made in the form of a cylinder with a large side opening for inserting the assembled large sections and an insertable wall, which this opening may partially cover. In addition, for example, the container 87 may be made in the form of a cylindrical cage, half of the side surface of which forms a door configured to open and close.

The auxiliary device 86 comprises grips and clamps, which are pulled out at the right time from the bottom of the device for gripping and clamping the container 87 of the assembled large sections mounted on it. In addition, this device, for example, can be made in the form of a conveyor.

After collecting a predetermined number of small sections of the magnetic coil into a large section 42, it is possible for the system 90 to install large sections in a container of large sections, fasten the assembled large section 42 with the first latch clip, rotate it around this system 90 180 degrees and install under the hole located in the ceiling of the cryostat 89 under the top shaft. It is possible for the device 90 to lift the assembled large section 42 upwards, after which it can then be installed in the container 87.

It is possible to lower the heat shield 88 through the hole in the ceiling of the cryostat 89 and through the shaft made from above.

The heat shield 88 is made of a heat insulator - of a material with low thermal conductivity and is coated on top with a reflector of thermal radiation. For example, a heat shield may be made of foam, the upper surface of which is covered with a thin foil to reflect thermal radiation. For example, aluminum foil. It is possible to lower the heat shield 88 from above onto the assembled large section 42 at that moment in time when it is installed on the system 90 for installing large sections in a container of large sections. It is possible to large section 42 together with a heat shield 88 system 90 installation of large sections in a container of large sections with manipulators with levers, grippers and clamps to additionally fasten the second clip with a latch. The system 90 provides for the possibility of installing large sections in a container of large sections; the assembled large section can be installed in a container of 87 large sections. For example, it is possible to install the assembled large section in the container 87 on the side. For example, it is possible to simply assemble the large section horizontally to the side.

Fig. 8 shows the situation when other large sections 44, 45 with heat shields 46, 47 were already installed inside the container 87 in the same way. Heat shields, for example, can be made of foam, the upper surface of which is covered with a thin foil for reflection thermal radiation. For example, aluminum foil.

It is possible after installing all the large sections in the system of large sections inside the container 87 with the plug-in wall closure device 93 to close the container 87 with the plug-in wall 94. It is possible in this way to assemble the system of large sections, consisting of a container of large sections with an insert wall, large sections inside it and heat shields.

It is possible to lower the cryostat 43 of the system of large sections of the magnetic coil onto the conveyor 66.

It is possible to bring the conveyor 66 to the assembly site of the large section 42 of the cryostat 43 of the system of large sections of the magnetic coil.

It is possible to assemble the system of large sections, consisting of a container 87 with a removable wall, large sections located inside it of large sections and heat shields, a device 69 for assembling a system of large sections with manipulators 95, 96 with levers, with grippers and clamps, to raise and lower the cryostat 43 systems of large sections of the magnetic coil.

It is possible, if the procedure for connecting the container 87 to the device 69 for assembling the system of large sections with manipulators 95, 96 with levers, with grippers and with clamps is difficult to carry out, this procedure can be carried out by divers in special specially insulated diving suits adapted for working in liquid helium.

As special diving suits for working in liquid helium, space suits of higher protection can be used.

The possibility is provided for a cryostat 43 of a system of large sections of a magnetic coil with a system of large sections installed inside it by devices 91, 92 for assembling a cryostat of a system of large sections with manipulators with arms, grippers and clamps to raise and lower into another cryostat a system of large sections of a magnetic coil with another large section system directly to this large section system.

It is possible to connect a cryostat with devices 91, 92 for assembling a cryostat of a system of large sections and disconnect a cryostat from these devices either mechanically using manipulators or divers in special specially insulated diving suits adapted for working in liquid helium.

After assembly of the large section 42, it is possible to additionally fasten it with a latch clip and install it (possibly on a suspension) in the container 87.

It is possible to install large sections 44, 45 in the container 87, separated from each other by heat shields 46, 47. The heat shields, for example, can be made of foam, the upper surface of which is covered with a thin foil to reflect thermal radiation. For example, aluminum foil.

All magnets with windings of small sections of the magnetic coil of each large section have wires, the continuation of which are energy output wires 58, 59, electrically connected to them, made in the form of composite superconducting wires that go to the top of the cryostats 54, 55 of the system of large sections of the magnetic coil in which they are made along their perimeters. For example, along circles. Thus, all wires with current leads for energy output from all large sections of the magnetic coil of the system of large sections of the magnetic coil at the upper point are made along the inner perimeters of the cryostats 54, 55 of the system of large sections of the magnetic coil. For example, along a circle. In the upper part of these energy output wires 58, 59 there are sections where superconducting magnetic keys 48, 49 with heaters and current leads are located. (In the area of the energy output wire section where the superconducting magnetic key is located, there may be no matrix from the normal conductor around the superconducting wire.) The energy output wires 58, 59 of the small sections of the magnetic coil installed in the large section of the magnetic coil are made so that after exit the assembled large section, they go first down the surface of the small sections of the magnetic coil parallel to each other next to each other, and then at the border of the small section of the magnetic coil of the largest diameter pa they deviate upwards at an angle of 90 degrees and go upward in parallel with the axis of the magnet coil sections of small magnetic coils. Then, a heat shield is placed on the large section formed from these small sections of the magnetic coil, and a new large section is placed on it, the composite superconducting wires of the small sections of the magnetic coil of which also near its small sections of the magnetic coil go parallel to each other along the rays emanating from one center. The wires of energy output of various large sections of the system of large sections run along various beams emanating from one center, while the beam of one large section is at a certain angle with respect to the wires of energy output of the previous large section. Between the various nearest rays, the angles are the same. Together, these angles between the rays along which the wires of energy output of large sections of the system of large sections go, form 360 degrees. The wires of the various large sections of one large section system run vertically upward along the side surface of the large section system together to the top of the cryostat of the large section system. Moreover, they go along the lateral surface of the cylinder, described around a system of large sections. Moreover, they go at a certain distance from its lateral surface. Moreover, it is possible that the energy output wire is electrically isolated from the cryostat of large sections, and the electrical insulation concerns this cryostat, connected to it and pressed to it. The sections of the energy output wires 58, 59 with superconducting magnetic keys 48, 49 with current leads and heaters are thermally insulated from each other by heat insulators 71, 72.

In each large section in each pair of magnets with a winding in the upper sections of the superconducting composite wires 58, 59 of the energy output in the sections of the pairs of turns of the magnet windings with windings with opposite directions of currents, the superconducting magnetic switches 48, 49 are provided, containing heaters connected to current leads. It is easy to see that, if we draw an analogy with the prototype of the invention, it is possible to simultaneously derive energy from a pair of magnets with a winding with currents flowing in opposite directions using two superconducting magnetic keys operating simultaneously.

The heater 50 is connected to the wires 51, 106 and is configured to change its temperature when an electric current is supplied to it through these wires, for example, from a powerful power station 63 either due to the Joule-Lenz effect or due to other thermoelectric phenomena. For example, due to the Peltier effect.

A portion of the energy output wire 48 is heated by the heater 50 in the region of the location of the current leads 52, 53 between them by heating, the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state and the stored energy is removed through the current leads.

If the heating is carried out, for example, due to the Peltier effect, then it is possible that the heater 50 may consist of connecting two or more semiconductor materials with such properties that, with one direction of the current through them, the heater is made to heat, and in the other direction The current heater is configured to heat to cool. The heater 50 and wires 51, 106 are electrically isolated from other elements of the superconducting magnetic keys.

It is possible to install various cryostats 54, 55 of the system of large sections of the magnetic coil together with the assembled systems 56, 57 of the large sections of the magnetic coil (possibly on suspensions) inside each other so that together they are together with the assembled systems 56, 57 of the large sections of the magnetic after assembly, the coils form a magnetic system forming a large magnetic coil of Bogdanov.

It is possible to remove energy from assembled systems 56, 57 of large sections of the magnetic coil through wires 58, 59 of energy output containing sections with heaters and current leads. At the same time, it is possible to arrange energy output wires 58, 59 containing sections with heaters and current leads, so that sections with heaters and current leads are located at the upper point of cryostats 54, 55 of the system of large sections of the magnetic coil. At the same time, it is possible to arrange sections with heaters and current leads along the perimeters of cryostats 54, 55 of the system of large sections of the magnetic coil embedded in one another. For example, along circles embedded in one another.

The plant 64 for assembling and energizing a magnetic system, made in the form of many magnets with a winding of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov, contains several assembly shops 60, 61, 85 for assembling and energizing small sections of a magnetic coil, made with the ability to energize small sections of various sizes, made with the ability to enter into the through axial holes of small sections of a larger size.

It should be noted that the assembly shop shown in FIG. 1 for assembling and energizing small sections of the magnetic coil is configured to energize the central small sections of the magnetic coil of the magnetic system whose energy is being changed. This follows from the fact that the central small sections of the magnetic coil may not have a through axial hole, and all other small sections of the magnetic coil have through axial holes. Moreover, the central small sections have the smallest sizes among the remaining small sections of the magnetic coil. Accordingly, other assembly shops 60, 61 for assembling and energizing small sections of the magnetic coil are large. Moreover, the size of the assembly workshop for the assembly and energy supply of small sections of the magnetic coil, as a rule, increases with the size of the small section of the magnetic coil collected and energized in it. In this case, we are talking about the length and width of the assembly shop. Moreover, in principle, there are no differences between the arrangement of the assembly shop 85 and other assembly shops 60, 61 for assembling and energizing small sections of the magnetic coil.

Since the dimensions of small sections vary from one assembly shop to another, the width of the conveyor must also change. How to achieve this? For this, the conveyor 16 contains one conveyor in the assembly shop 85 of the smallest size, in the next assembly shop another conveyor is added to it and so on. Conveyor conveyors 16 are parallel to each other.

Assembly shops 60, 61, 85 for assembling and energizing small sections of the magnetic coil contain several pairs of systems for moving the components of small sections of the magnetic coil, made with the ability to disassemble several pairs of dismountable systems of the components of small sections of the magnetic coil, and several systems for holding and placing the constituent parts of a small section of a magnetic coil when assembling a small section. For each range of sizes of small sections of the magnetic coil, there are separate assembly shops 60, 61, 85 for assembling and energizing small sections of the magnetic coil.

All assembly shops 60, 61, 85 for assembling and energizing small sections of the magnetic coil are connected by a conveyor 16 of the system for moving assembled small sections of the magnetic coil to assembly shops 62, 67, 68 for assembling large sections, a system of large sections and cryostats of a large section system. All these workshops are connected by conveyor 16 of the system for moving assembled small sections of the magnetic coil as a conveyor line.

The assembled systems 56, 57 of large sections of the magnetic coil are electrically connected to wires 58, 59 of energy output containing sections with superconducting magnetic keys 48, 49 with heaters and current leads located at the upper point of the cryostats 54, 55 of the system of large sections of the magnetic coil, made along their perimeters nested one into the other. For example, along circles embedded in one another.

The upper heat shield 70 is made between the sections of the wires of the energy terminals with superconducting magnetic keys 48, 49 with current leads and heaters and the rest of the cryostat and is made with the ability to reduce heat transfer between the parts of the cryostat with the sections of the wires of the energy leads with superconducting magnetic keys 48, 49 with the current leads and heaters and the rest of the cryostat.

The upper heat shield 70 comprises a pre-flattened at least one hose arranged between the energy output wires and filled with liquid helium vapor, while it is possible to fill the hose with liquid helium vapor. Several compartments can be made inside the hose, for example, the hose can consist of sponge rubber from the inside. It is possible to install and mount a heat shield in a cryostat, either by a device 69 for assembling a system of large sections with manipulators with levers, grips and clamps, or divers in special specially insulated diving suits adapted for working in liquid helium. As such diving suits can use space suits of higher protection.

The plant 64 for assembling and energizing a magnetic system made in the form of many magnets with a winding of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov is connected to the plant 65 for connecting a energized magnetic system made in the form of many magnets with a winding of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov with an object for use stored in a magnetic energy system.

The plant 64 for assembling and energizing a magnetic system made in the form of many magnets with a winding of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov is configured to convey 66 an assembled and energized magnetic system made in the form of many magnets with a winding of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov to factory 65 by connecting energized magnetic system, made in the form of many magnets with a winding of the magnetic coil of Bogdanov, with an object for using the energy stored in the magnetic system.

At the plant 65 for connecting an energized magnetic system made in the form of many magnets with a winding of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov, it is possible to electrically connect an object to use energy stored in a magnetic system with energized magnetic system by pressure contacts 98, 99. It is possible to make this connection either robots, or automatic machines, or manipulators with levers, with grips and clamps, or they are carried out by divers in special specially insulated divers suits adapted to work in liquid helium.

Above the upper heat shield 70, above the superconducting magnetic keys 48, 49 and above the pressure contacts 98, 99, it is possible to install the top cover 97 of the cryostats of the large section system. The cover 97 of the cryostats of the system of large sections can be made of a dielectric with a high resistivity (from an insulator). For example, from PCB. Through it, wires 100, 101 of the object are passed for using the energy stored in the magnetic system, while it is possible to electrically connect the pressure contacts 98, 99 to the energy output wires 58, 59.

Each of the assembly sections 62, 67, 68 for assembling large sections, a large section system and cryostats of a large section system comprises a device 69 for assembling a large section system and a cryostat of a large section system, comprising manipulators with levers, grippers and clamps, configured to be manipulators with levers, with grippers and with clamps, assemble the systems of large sections of the magnetic coil and install the systems of large sections in the cryostats.

Assembly shops 62, 67, 68 large sections, large section systems and cryostats of large section systems are connected by conveyor 66.

After collecting a given number of small sections of the magnetic coil into a large section 42, a large section 42 is possible, the device 69 for assembling the large section system and the cryostat of the large section system can be additionally secured with arms with levers, grippers and clamps with a latch and installed (possibly on a suspension) in the cryostat 43 systems of large sections of the magnetic coil.

It is possible to convey by conveyor 66 cryostats of the system of large sections of the magnetic coil, assembled large sections installed in the system of large sections inside the cryostats of the system of large sections between the various assembly shops 62, 67, 68 for assembling large sections, the system of large sections and cryostats of the system of large sections. It is possible in assembly shops 62, 67, 68 to assemble large sections, large section systems and cryostats, large section systems, assembled cryostats of large section systems to install one inside the other. At the same time, it is possible to install cryostats 54, 55 of the large section system one inside the other so that inside one there is one large section system, for example, 56, another cryostat with its own system of large sections, for example, 57, is made over it, and so on to the topmost cryostat, above which there is no next cryostat, but there are only wire leads with superconducting magnetic keys with current leads and heaters.

It is possible for conveyor 16 to move assembled and energized small sections in assembly shops 60, 61, 85 for assembling and energizing small sections of a magnetic coil to assembly shops 62, 67, 68 for assembling large sections, a large section system and cryostats of a large section system, in which it is possible to alternately remove small sections from conveyor 16, assemble large sections from them on auxiliary device 33, and alternately remove cryostats collected on conveyor 66 with large sec systems placed inside them it and put inside other cryostats, which can also be moved on conveyor 66. It is then possible to these cryostats, inside which there is already their own system of large sections, above which the cryostats inserted in them with their systems of large sections, are also removed and installed already in new cryostats of even larger size, in which their own system of large sections has already been pre-installed.

Plant 64 for assembling and energizing a magnetic system made in the form of many magnets with a winding of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov is connected to factory 65 for connecting patched energy of a magnetic system made in the form of many magnets with a winding of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov with an object for use stored in a magnetic energy system.

At the plant 65, for connecting an energized magnetic system made in the form of many magnets with a winding of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov, with an object for using the energy stored in the magnetic system, it is possible to electrically connect superconducting magnetic keys with heaters and with current leads of energized magnetic system with the input of the facility’s power plant . For example, using pressure contacts.

It is possible that at plant 65, by connecting an energized magnetic system made in the form of many magnets with a winding of a Bogdanov magnetic coil, with an object for using the energy stored in a magnetic system, an energized magnetic system is installed inside the object

It is possible to install many magnetically energized sections with a winding of the Bogdanov magnetic coil inside the vehicle, and it is possible to transfer energy to the vehicle's engine when the stored energy is removed from the magnetic system, to supply it with energy.

For example, it is possible to install sections of many magnets with the winding of the Bogdanov magnetic coil inside the aircraft, either with the Bogdanov electric propulsion engine [5], or with the electric propulsion engine with coaxial electrodes [6], preferably with a ramjet electric propulsion engine with coaxial electrodes, or with an electric motor, made in the form of an electric motor with a screw, or with an anti-gravity engine of Bogdanov [7]. It is possible to connect sections of many magnets with the winding of Bogdanov’s magnetic coil with a powerful power plant connected to the launch complex of the aircraft. For example, using a thermal, atomic or thermonuclear power plant. As a power station, it is best to use a power station based on the third method of Bogdanov to carry out a controlled fusion reaction and a device for its implementation [8], since such a power station allows using a thermonuclear fusion reaction to release energy exceeding the energy of all the earth’s power plants in a short period of time taken, developed by them for the same period of time.

Additions to the first option, relevant in the practical implementation of the method.

1. In the manufacture of dismountable systems of component parts of small sections, dielectric plates are installed between the energy output wires of the various components of small sections, which are removed and removed during disassembly.

Several turns of the winding are made in the magnet of the component of the small section, for example 10 or 100, so that the magnetic field of the magnet on its axis is much larger than in the region of the energy output wire. This is necessary so that the power stresses acting on the energy output wires are much lower than the radial stresses acting on the magnet. This is necessary so that at the moment when the components of the small section are connected, the energy output wires take up little space, and this is necessary so that it is possible to easily arrange the various energy output wires going from different small sections to the place energy output of a large section.

To reduce mechanical loads, it is recommended to reduce the thickness of the windings of the small section magnets, limit the number of magnets with their windings, and increase the diameter of the magnets with windings as much as possible!

Due to this, the magnetic field of a small section is reduced, and therefore, the radial loads caused by the Ampere force proportional to the magnetic field are also reduced. But since the magnetic energy of the coil is proportional to its radius to the fifth degree (to the fifth degree, I emphasize!), There is a colossal prospect to increase the amount of energy stored in the turns by orders of magnitude, increasing the diameters of thin magnets with a winding. And small sections with thin turns need to be done as much as possible. Conveyor assembly principles allow this. At the same time, I remind you that in the two components of the small section, before they are connected to the small section, the radial stresses are large, and after connection they decrease with increasing number of magnets connected towards each other with the winding of small sections.

2. Conveyors, such as conveyor 16 of the system for moving assembled small sections of the magnetic coil, may be many. All of them can be made parallel to each other, and each of them can carry assembled small sections of a magnetic coil of its radius. All of them can work with the conveyor line as well as the conveyor 16 of the system for moving the assembled small sections of the magnetic coil, this invention describes only one conveyor 16 of the system for moving the assembled small sections of the magnetic coil due to space saving in the drawings.

3. The vertical sections of the energy output wires during the assembly of small sections can be surrounded by a dielectric tube with a high resistivity. To do this, such a dielectric tube is first connected to the upper component of the small section, and then it is lowered together with the component to the vertical part of the energy output wire of the other component of the small section so that the tube also surrounds this wire. It is advisable to do this so that during transportation the vertical sections of its small wires of energy output collected in a small section do not move apart in different directions.

4. Inside the cryostats with liquid helium, various assembly work, as well as repair work in the event that difficulties arise in their implementation by machine guns or manipulators, are carried out by divers in special specially insulated diving suits adapted for work in liquid helium.

This procedure is solved on the basis of solving the question of the appropriateness of using known methods and devices of logistics and rigging, well mastered by mankind. That is, the question of what is more expedient is separately resolved. Automata, manipulators or manual labor of divers?

Now about the thickness of the current leads, the thickness of the wires for energy output and the thickness of the wires of the winding magnets with a winding.

The largest thickness of the wires is at the current leads, then the thickness of the energy output wires is slightly smaller and the smallest thickness is at the wires of the magnet winding with the winding. The greatest thickness of the wires is made at the current leads because the stored magnetic energy comes out through them at a time when they are completely in a normal state and therefore are heated most of all. The fact that the thickness of the wires of the energy output is slightly smaller is due to the fact that, at first, when the energy is removed in the superconducting state, they then heat up and gradually transition to the normal state. At the same time, they are heated slightly less. The fact that the smallest thickness of the winding wires of magnets with a winding is due to the fact that they do not heat up at all, since they are in a superconducting state.

In this case, a gradual increase in the thickness of the wires of the energy output from the bottom up is possible in proportion to how these wires will warm up as the liquid helium evaporates when the stored magnetic energy is removed.

The second option.

The traditional way of changing energy in a magnetic system made in the form of a magnetic coil, respectively, consisting of energizing the energy and withdrawing the stored energy.

The traditional way of powering a magnetic coil containing at least one magnet with a winding is as follows. A superconducting magnet with a heater coil of a superconducting magnetic key is heated in a small portion of the winding. In the heated area, the winding of the superconducting magnet with the winding is transferred to a normal state and at the same time an electric current is launched onto it by the current leads of the superconducting magnetic key. Bogdanov’s superconducting magnetic coil can be energized in the traditional way, with the difference that at the same time it is energized for pairs of windings that are simultaneously energized by currents in opposite directions. Current is introduced simultaneously into the windings of each pair of windings so that the current in one of them is always equal to the current in the other.

It is easy to see that, if we draw an analogy with the prototype of the invention, at the same time, energy is introduced into a pair of windings with opposite current directions using two superconducting magnetic keys working simultaneously. The superconducting magnetic key contains a portion of the energy output wire made of a composite superconductor (possibly just a superconducting wire without a normal conductor), on which a heater and two current leads are made. The heaters of each superconducting key heat two energy output wires, remove them from the superconducting state, and two pairs of current leads introduce energy into them. In this case, a current of one direction is injected into one coil of a pair with one working superconducting magnetic key, and a current of another direction is injected into the other coil of the pair with another working superconducting magnetic key.

To output the stored energy in each pair of magnets with a winding in the upper part of the energy output wires 58, 59, made in the form of composite superconducting wires, simultaneously in the superconducting magnetic switches 48, 49 heat the sections of pairs of electrically connected energy output wires running along one another with a winding of magnets with a winding with opposite directions of currents in the area of the location of the current leads, the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state by heating and stored energy through current leads. It is easy to see that, if we draw an analogy with the prototype of the invention, at the same time, energy is removed from two magnets with a winding with opposite current directions with the help of two superconducting magnetic keys working simultaneously.

To output the stored energy in each pair of magnets with a winding in the upper part of the energy output wires 58, 59, made in the form of composite superconducting wires, simultaneously in the superconducting magnetic switches 48, 49 heat the sections of pairs of electrically connected energy output wires running along one another with a winding of magnets with a winding with opposite directions of currents in the area of the location of the current leads, the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state by heating and stored energy through current leads. It is easy to see that, if we draw an analogy with the prototype of the invention, at the same time, energy is removed from two magnets with a winding with opposite current directions with the help of two superconducting magnetic keys working simultaneously.

Each superconducting magnetic key in this case works as follows.

The heater 50 is heated by applying electric current to it through the wires 51, 106, for example, from a powerful power station 63 either due to the Joule-Lenz effect or due to other thermoelectric phenomena. For example, due to the Peltier effect. A heater 50 heats a portion of the energy output wire 48 electrically connected to the winding of the magnet with the winding.

A portion of the energy output wire 48 is heated by the heater 50 in the region of the location of the current leads 52, 53 between them, by heating the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state, and the stored energy is removed through the current leads.

If the heating is carried out, for example, due to the Peltier effect, then it is possible that in this case the heaters may consist of connecting two or more semiconductor materials with such properties that, in one direction of the current through them, the heater is heated, and in the other direction of the current, the heater is cooled. The heater 50 and wires 51, 106 are electrically isolated from other elements of the superconducting magnetic keys.

In this way, the storage of stored energy is carried out (switching of stored energy).

The third option.

The third version of the method is as follows. On one axis there are two magnetic coils with through holes, connected towards each other. For example, two superconducting magnetic coils. Two magnet systems are introduced inside them with a winding, one system inside each coil. The contacts are pressed to them to remove the induced induction currents. After removing the currents, the contacts are removed. After that, the two pistons are brought together, and both magnet systems with a winding are brought out of each coil towards each other. Between the coils, the magnetic field decreases to zero. Therefore, in both systems of winding magnets, when exiting the coils, the magnetic flux passing through the winding magnets changes. Changing the magnetic flux creates an EMF of self-induction. The self-induction EMF creates a current in the magnetic coil. Thus, each magnet system with the winding of each small section of the magnetic coil creates its own circular azimuthal electric current, which generates an axial magnetic field directed along the axis. Since the axial magnetic fields of both magnet systems with the winding are directed towards each other, when the magnet systems approach the winding, the pistons work against the repulsive forces of the magnet systems with the winding, and this work is aimed at increasing the magnetic energy induced in both magnet systems with the current winding, which is accompanied by increase in current strength in each turn (in each winding). Magnet systems with a winding are connected through a layer of high-resistance dielectric (insulator) and are combined into one small section. A small section is displaced from the axis between the coils along a plane perpendicular to the axis and located at an equal distance from each coil. Subsequently, small sections are combined into large sections with separate cryostats, and one large magnetic coil of Bogdanov is made from large sections of the magnetic coil.

I draw your attention to the fact that all operations of feeding by this method can be carried out at a temperature of liquid helium either directly in a cryostat surrounded by liquid helium, or in a cryostat surrounded by liquid helium vapor. This makes it possible to increase the current density of short pistons with an increase in the speed of movement of the pistons in each of the magnets with a winding (in each of the windings) of a small section of the magnetic coil.

Each magnet system with the winding of each small section of the magnetic coil is initially surrounded by a powerful bandage, which is attached to it on a system of rollers or balls. After combining the two systems of magnets with a winding into a small section, the power load of Ampere forces acting on magnets with a winding in the radial direction decreases many times, since the radial magnetic fields of magnets with a winding of one system in the region of magnets with a winding of another system reduce its radial magnetic fields directed On the other side.

When combining small sections of the magnetic coil, systems of rollers or balls are inserted between them, which can then be removed, and the small sections can then be pressed together by an additional piston, combined into large sections and additionally fixed after joining with an additional bandage.

In the second method, instead of magnetic coils of a constant field, induction magnetic coils are used. They increase their magnetic field, and then everything is as in the first method. In the third method, winding magnet systems are energized in a conventional manner, and then brought together. Further, everything is as in the first method.

To output the stored energy in each pair of magnets with a winding in the upper part of the energy output wires 58, 59, made in the form of composite superconducting wires, simultaneously in the superconducting magnetic switches 48, 49 heat the sections of pairs of electrically connected energy output wires running along one another with a winding of magnets with a winding with opposite directions of currents in the area of the location of the current leads, the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state by heating and stored energy through current leads. It is easy to see that, if we draw an analogy with the prototype of the invention, at the same time, energy is removed from two magnets with a winding with opposite current directions with the help of two superconducting magnetic keys working simultaneously.

To output the stored energy in each pair of magnets with a winding in the upper part of the energy output wires 58, 59, made in the form of composite superconducting wires, simultaneously in the superconducting magnetic switches 48, 49 heat the sections of pairs of electrically connected energy output wires running along one another with a winding of magnets with a winding with opposite directions of currents in the area of the location of the current leads, the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state by heating and stored energy through current leads. It is easy to see that, if we draw an analogy with the prototype of the invention, at the same time, energy is removed from two magnets with a winding with opposite current directions with the help of two superconducting magnetic keys working simultaneously.

Each superconducting magnetic key in this case works as follows.

The heater 50 is heated by applying electric current to it through the wires 51, 106, for example, from a powerful power station 63 either due to the Joule-Lenz effect or due to other thermoelectric phenomena. For example, due to the Peltier effect. A heater 50 heats a portion of the energy output wire 48 electrically connected to the winding of the magnet with the winding.

A portion of the energy output wire 48 is heated by the heater 50 in the region of the location of the current leads 52, 53 between them, by heating the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state, and the stored energy is removed through the current leads.

If the heating is carried out, for example, due to the Peltier effect, then it is possible that in this case the heaters may consist of connecting two or more semiconductor materials with such properties that, in one direction of the current through them, the heater is heated, and in the other direction of the current, the heater is cooled. The heater 50 and wires 51, 106 are electrically isolated from other elements of the superconducting magnetic keys.

In this way, the storage of stored energy is carried out (switching of stored energy).

The fourth option.

Bogdanov’s method of changing the amount of magnetic energy in a magnetic coil by a device for its implementation using the Bogdanov auto-electronic modulator [15].

In order to drive 10 ¹⁵ J (one quadrillion joules) of energy into the energy storage device, made in the form of a Bogdanov magnetic coil of the power system for 1 aircraft with an anti-gravity engine weighing tens of tons, the magnetic coil must be energized so that it is at the time of power-up would be completely in a superconducting state. In addition to the methods described above, this can also be achieved using the Bogdanov field modulator [15].

во всей магнитной катушке Богданова, поскольку запитка идет, когда вся катушка уже полностью перешла в сверхпроводящее состояние. В том числе и те участки, через которые идет запитка, поскольку запитка идет специальным образом промодулированной электромагнитной волной, которая падает на сверхпроводник со строго определенным в данной точке направлением вектора электрического поля линейно поляризованной волны, которое в этой данной точке меняется только по величине, но не по направлению. (Не путать с просто линейно поляризованной волной, в которой вектор электрического поля в данной точке по направлению меняется.)To do this, it is necessary to power the inductive energy storage device (magnetic coil) with energy in two stages. At first, as is already known, the power is supplied through current leads connected to the heated portion of the superconductor perpendicularly by heating to a normal state until the current density ceases to increase. Then, having cooled the entire coil to a superconducting state, the coil begins to be supplied with current in a new way using the Bogdanov Auto-electronic modulator [15]. This will make it possible to achieve the current density of short samples

in the entire magnetic coil of Bogdanov, since the power is supplied when the entire coil has already completely transitioned to the superconducting state. Including those areas through which the power is supplied, because the power is supplied by a specially modulated electromagnetic wave that falls on the superconductor with the direction of the linearly polarized wave vector of the electric field strictly defined at a given point, which at this point only changes in magnitude, but not in the direction. (Not to be confused with a simply linearly polarized wave, in which the electric field vector at a given point in the direction changes.)

With this variant of the method, it is possible to power the disassembled systems 2, 3 of the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil in the first stage of powering, and then do everything as described in the first embodiment of the method.

To output the stored energy in each pair of magnets with a winding in the upper part of the energy output wires 58, 59, made in the form of composite superconducting wires, simultaneously in the superconducting magnetic switches 48, 49 heat the sections of pairs of electrically connected energy output wires running along one another with a winding of magnets with a winding with opposite directions of currents in the area of the location of the current leads, the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state by heating and stored energy through current leads. It is easy to see that, if we draw an analogy with the prototype of the invention, at the same time, energy is removed from two magnets with a winding with opposite current directions with the help of two superconducting magnetic keys working simultaneously.

To output the stored energy in each pair of magnets with a winding in the upper part of the energy output wires 58, 59, made in the form of composite superconducting wires, simultaneously in the superconducting magnetic switches 48, 49 heat the sections of pairs of electrically connected energy output wires running along one another with a winding of magnets with a winding with opposite directions of currents in the area of the location of the current leads, the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state by heating, and current leads are handled by the stored energy. It is easy to see that, if we draw an analogy with the prototype of the invention, at the same time, energy is removed from two magnets with a winding with opposite current directions with the help of two superconducting magnetic keys working simultaneously.

Each superconducting magnetic key in this case works as follows.

The heater 50 is heated by applying electric current to it through the wires 51, 106, for example, from a powerful power station 63 either due to the Joule-Lenz effect or due to other thermoelectric phenomena. For example, due to the Peltier effect. A heater 50 heats a portion of the energy output wire 48 electrically connected to the winding of the magnet with the winding.

A portion of the energy output wire 48 is heated by the heater 50 in the region of the location of the current leads 52, 53 between them, by heating the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state, and the stored energy is removed through the current leads.

If the heating is carried out, for example, due to the Peltier effect, then it is possible that in this case the heaters may consist of connecting two or more semiconductor materials with such properties that, in one direction of the current through them, the heater is heated, and in the other direction of the current, the heater is cooled. The heater 50 and wires 51, 106 are electrically isolated from other elements of the superconducting magnetic keys.

In this way, the storage of stored energy is carried out (switching of stored energy).

The fifth option.

Bogdanov’s method of changing the amount of magnetic energy in a magnetic coil by a device for its implementation using induction magnetic coils.

Bogdanov’s method of changing the amount of magnetic energy in a magnetic coil by a device for its implementation using induction magnetic coils is carried out in the same way as the first and third version of the method and device for its implementation, with the difference that on two sides of two parts of two small sections of magnetic coils install induction magnetic coils, which include towards each other. Induction magnetic coils create an alternating magnetic field, in parts of small sections of the magnetic coil in the magnets create oppositely directed currents, which, when the magnetic coils come together due to the occurrence of EMF, reinforce each other.

To output the stored energy in each pair of magnets with a winding in the upper part of the energy output wires 58, 59, made in the form of composite superconducting wires, simultaneously in the superconducting magnetic switches 48, 49 heat the sections of pairs of electrically connected energy output wires running along one another with a winding of magnets with a winding with opposite directions of currents in the area of the location of the current leads, the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state by heating and you odyat through the current leads the stored energy. It is easy to see that, if we draw an analogy with the prototype of the invention, at the same time, energy is removed from two magnets with a winding with opposite current directions with the help of two superconducting magnetic keys working simultaneously.

To output the stored energy in each pair of magnets with a winding in the upper part of the energy output wires 58, 59, made in the form of composite superconducting wires, simultaneously in the superconducting magnetic switches 48, 49 heat the sections of pairs of electrically connected energy output wires running along one another with a winding of magnets with a winding with opposite directions of currents in the area of the location of the current leads, the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state by heating, and current leads are handled by the stored energy. It is easy to see that, if we draw an analogy with the prototype of the invention, at the same time, energy is removed from two magnets with a winding with opposite current directions with the help of two superconducting magnetic keys working simultaneously.

Each superconducting magnetic key in this case works as follows.

The heater 50 is heated by applying electric current to it through the wires 51, 106, for example, from a powerful power station 63 either due to the Joule-Lenz effect or due to other thermoelectric phenomena. For example, due to the Peltier effect. A heater 50 heats a portion of the energy output wire 48 electrically connected to the winding of the magnet with the winding.

A portion of the energy output wire 48 is heated by the heater 50 in the region of the location of the current leads 52, 53 between them, by heating the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state, and the stored energy is removed through the current leads.

If the heating is carried out, for example, due to the Peltier effect, then it is possible that in this case the heaters may consist of connecting two or more semiconductor materials with such properties that, in one direction of the current through them, the heater is heated, and in the other direction of the current, the heater is cooled. The heater 50 and wires 51, 106 are electrically isolated from other elements of the superconducting magnetic keys.

In this way, the storage of stored energy is carried out (switching of stored energy).

The sixth option.

The sixth option can be made in the form of the first option with the difference that instead of layers with an elastic dielectric and elastic spring plates, to the magnets with winding or to die matrices of the components of small sections or small sections of various sizes, roller or ball systems are attached. In this case, dielectric matrices do not have inclined surfaces at the junctions of the components of small sections or at the junctions of small sections with different sizes, and their surfaces in these places are made parallel to the axes of the magnets with windings of the components of small sections. Moreover, in the places of docking, systems of rollers or balls are made.

Such a case of execution of this option is possible.

Each magnet system with the winding of each small section of the magnetic coil is initially surrounded by a powerful bandage, which is attached to it on a system of rollers or balls. When combining the components of small sections of the magnetic coil, they are brought closer to each other through systems of rollers or balls. After combining the two systems of magnets with the winding of the components of small sections of the magnetic coil into a small section, the power load of the Ampere forces acting on magnets with a winding in the radial direction decreases many times, since the radial magnetic fields of magnets with windings of the windings of one system in the region of magnets with windings of the windings of the other systems reduce its radial magnetic fields directed in the other direction.

When combining small sections of a magnetic coil with different radii, the approach principle is the same as when the magnets approach a winding with opposite current directions. The differences between them are only in the fact that when small sections of a magnetic coil come together, the Ampere forces that prevent such a approach are reduced to almost zero.

When combining small sections of the magnetic coil with different radii, they are brought closer to each other by systems of rollers or balls, while the system of rollers or balls is attached to the outer and inner sides of the small section of the magnetic coil. Small sections move toward each other with retained transverse dielectric inserts that push additional pistons. When approaching, small sections put pressure on the bandages, which also move along systems of rollers or balls. As a result of this, small sections replace bandages and fall into their place. After that, the stored transverse dielectric inserts are connected to each other and fixed in the connected position by means of a connecting device. For example, fixed in a connected position by means of latches or clamps. They can also, for example, be bolted.

Thus, small sections are combined into large sections. After that, large sections are installed in cryostats thermally insulated from each other.

To output the stored energy in each pair of magnets with a winding in the upper part of the energy output wires 58, 59, made in the form of composite superconducting wires, simultaneously in the superconducting magnetic switches 48, 49 heat the sections of pairs of electrically connected energy output wires running along one another with a winding of magnets with a winding with opposite directions of currents in the area of the location of the current leads, the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state by heating and stored energy through current leads. It is easy to see that, if we draw an analogy with the prototype of the invention, at the same time, energy is removed from two magnets with a winding with opposite current directions with the help of two superconducting magnetic keys working simultaneously.

To output the stored energy in each pair of magnets with a winding in the upper part of the energy output wires 58, 59, made in the form of composite superconducting wires, simultaneously in the superconducting magnetic switches 48, 49 heat the sections of pairs of electrically connected energy output wires running along one another with a winding of magnets with a winding with opposite directions of currents in the area of the location of the current leads, the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state by heating, and current leads are handled by the stored energy. It is easy to see that, if we draw an analogy with the prototype of the invention, at the same time, energy is removed from two magnets with a winding with opposite current directions with the help of two superconducting magnetic keys working simultaneously.

Each superconducting magnetic key in this case works as follows.

The heater 50 is heated by applying electric current to it through the wires 51, 106, for example, from a powerful power station 63 either due to the Joule-Lenz effect or due to other thermoelectric phenomena. For example, due to the Peltier effect. A heater 50 heats a portion of the energy output wire 48 electrically connected to the winding of the magnet with the winding.

A portion of the energy output wire 48 is heated by the heater 50 in the region of the location of the current leads 52, 53 between them, by heating the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state, and the stored energy is removed through the current leads.

If the heating is carried out, for example, due to the Peltier effect, then it is possible that in this case the heaters may consist of connecting two or more semiconductor materials with such properties that, in one direction of the current through them, the heater is heated, and in the other direction of the current, the heater is cooled. The heater 50 and wires 51, 106 are electrically isolated from other elements of the superconducting magnetic keys.

In this way, the storage of stored energy is carried out (switching of stored energy).

Seventh option.

At the second stage of powering the components of small sections of the magnetic coil and in the interval between the second and third stages of powering, the magnets with the windings of the windings of the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil are charged with electric charges of different signs, the magnets with the winding are attracted to each other by electrostatic attraction forces, and thereby , prevent their radial extension by Ampere forces. And protect, thereby, from destruction.

This allows you to do without a bandage and allows you to increase the current without reducing the cross-section of the magnets with a winding.

To output the stored energy in each pair of magnets with a winding in the upper part of the energy output wires 58, 59, made in the form of composite superconducting wires, simultaneously in the superconducting magnetic switches 48, 49 heat the sections of pairs of electrically connected energy output wires running along one another with a winding of magnets with a winding with opposite directions of currents in the area of the location of the current leads, the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state by heating and stored energy through current leads. It is easy to see that, if we draw an analogy with the prototype of the invention, at the same time, energy is removed from two magnets with a winding with opposite current directions with the help of two superconducting magnetic keys working simultaneously.

To output the stored energy in each pair of magnets with a winding in the upper part of the energy output wires 58, 59, made in the form of composite superconducting wires, simultaneously in the superconducting magnetic switches 48, 49 heat the sections of pairs of electrically connected energy output wires running along one another with a winding of magnets with a winding with opposite directions of currents in the area of the location of the current leads, the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state by heating, and current leads are handled by the stored energy. It is easy to see that, if we draw an analogy with the prototype of the invention, at the same time, energy is removed from two magnets with a winding with opposite current directions with the help of two superconducting magnetic keys working simultaneously.

Each superconducting magnetic key in this case works as follows.

The heater 50 is heated by applying electric current to it through the wires 51, 106, for example, from a powerful power station 63 either due to the Joule-Lenz effect or due to other thermoelectric phenomena. For example, due to the Peltier effect. A heater 50 heats a portion of the energy output wire 48 electrically connected to the winding of the magnet with the winding.

A portion of the energy output wire 48 is heated by the heater 50 in the region of the location of the current leads 52, 53 between them, by heating the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state, and the stored energy is removed through the current leads.

If the heating is carried out, for example, due to the Peltier effect, then it is possible that in this case the heaters may consist of connecting two or more semiconductor materials with such properties that, in one direction of the current through them, the heater is heated, and in the other direction of the current, the heater is cooled. The heater 50 and wires 51, 106 are electrically isolated from other elements of the superconducting magnetic keys.

In this way, the storage of stored energy is carried out (switching of stored energy).

The eighth option.

In this embodiment, it is possible to prevent the destruction of magnets with a current winding during the second stage of powering and in the interval between the second and third stage of the bandages without reducing the size of the components of small sections of the magnetic coil.

For this, for example, it is possible to use single magnets with a winding component parts of small sections of a magnetic coil, in which the component of a small section of a magnetic coil consists of one turn. In the component of a small section of a magnetic coil, consisting of only one turn, it is possible to increase the cross-sectional area of this coil and, by increasing the cross-sectional area of the coil, to achieve an increase in the current flowing through the coil.

In this case, apparently, the bandages with this design of the device for changing the amount of stored energy in the magnetic system should be installed on the components of small sections of the magnetic coil until the first stage of energy supply, leave at the second stage of energy supply, and at the third stage of energy supply after connection components of small sections of the magnetic coil to leave bandages outside the assembled small section of the magnetic coil. Such bandages, possibly everything except the external bandage, are removed only at the fourth stage of power supply when combining small sections of the magnetic coil into a large section.

To output the stored energy in each pair of magnets with a winding in the upper part of the energy output wires 58, 59, made in the form of composite superconducting wires, simultaneously in the superconducting magnetic switches 48, 49 heat the sections of pairs of electrically connected energy output wires running along one another with a winding of magnets with a winding with opposite directions of currents in the area of the location of the current leads, the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state by heating and stored energy through current leads. It is easy to see that, if we draw an analogy with the prototype of the invention, at the same time, energy is removed from two magnets with a winding with opposite current directions with the help of two superconducting magnetic keys working simultaneously.

To output the stored energy in each pair of magnets with a winding in the upper part of the energy output wires 58, 59, made in the form of composite superconducting wires, simultaneously in the superconducting magnetic switches 48, 49 heat the sections of pairs of electrically connected energy output wires running along one another with a winding of magnets with a winding with opposite directions of currents in the area of the location of the current leads, the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state by heating, and current leads are handled by the stored energy. It is easy to see that, if we draw an analogy with the prototype of the invention, at the same time, energy is removed from two magnets with a winding with opposite current directions with the help of two superconducting magnetic keys working simultaneously.

Each superconducting magnetic key in this case works as follows.

The heater 50 is heated by applying electric current to it through the wires 51, 106, for example, from a powerful power plant 63 either due to the Joule-Land effect or due to other thermoelectric phenomena. For example, due to the Peltier effect. A heater 50 heats a portion of the energy output wire 48 electrically connected to the winding of the magnet with the winding.

A portion of the energy output wire 48 is heated by the heater 50 in the region of the location of the current leads 52, 53 between them, by heating the superconducting composite wire is removed from the superconducting state, and the stored energy is removed through the current leads.

If the heating is carried out, for example, due to the Peltier effect, then it is possible that in this case the heaters may consist of connecting two or more semiconductor materials with such properties that, in one direction of the current through them, the heater is heated, and in the other direction of the current, the heater is cooled. The heater 50 and wires 51, 106 are electrically isolated from other elements of the superconducting magnetic keys.

In this way, the storage of stored energy is carried out (switching of stored energy).

The ninth option.

First, in a cryostat with liquid helium, two superconducting magnetic coils are initially energized with current, containing at least one component of a small section of a magnetic coil with magnets with a winding with the same number of magnets with a winding in a part of a small section of a magnetic coil of a magnetic coil, with one of the magnetic coils has a current with one direction of the current density vector, and the other has a current with the opposite direction of the current density vector, and the axes of the magnetic coils coincide. In this embodiment, the component parts of the small sections of the magnetic coil are pushed into the region between the magnetic coils turned towards each other along their axis. First, the current in the constituent parts of small sections of the magnetic coil is enhanced by the first EMF of self-induction when removing the constituent parts of the small sections of the magnetic coil in the area of decreasing magnetic field, and then the current in the constituent parts of small sections of the magnetic coil is amplified by the second EMF of self-induction, when the constituent parts of the small sections of the magnetic coil are included in the range of each other's magnetic fields.

Otherwise, everything can repeat the first option.

Tenth option.

In this embodiment, everything can be done, as in the previous nine versions, with the difference that the components of small sections of the magnetic coil are energized in the second and third stages by moving them in horizontal directions.

The eleventh option.

A cryostat with sections with many magnets with a winding of a magnetic coil of Bogdanov is mounted on a rocket with chemical rocket fuel. Best of all, if cryostats are made around each stage of the rocket with chemical rocket fuel, and energy-powered sections of the magnetic coil, respectively, are also made around each stage of the rocket with chemical rocket fuel.

After the launch of the rocket, either small or large sections are in turn separated from the rocket and exploded in its flame. Sections are blown up due to a sharp transition of its superconducting magnets with a current winding to a normal state, which is accompanied by a rapid transition of the magnetic energy of the magnet currents with the winding into thermal energy.

Since a unit of weight and a small section of a magnetic coil and a large section of a magnetic coil can have tens, hundreds, thousands, and even tens of thousands of times more energy than a unit weight of chemical rocket fuel, the sections will be released during an explosion in a rocket flame energy is many times more than just released during the combustion of chemical rocket fuel.

These explosions additionally accelerate the rocket in such a way that its speed as a result of such acceleration can be increased tens or hundreds of times in comparison with the simple combustion of chemical rocket fuel.

This option can be implemented in two ways for two different cases.

In the first case of this option, a powered section of 104 (large or small) is thrown down into the flame of a working rocket engine of a rocket 102 from a power-fed magnetic system 103 mounted on a rocket, along with the cryostat 105 in which it is installed. For this, the cryostat 105 is first held by the holder 29, for example, held by the clamping and gripping systems of this holder, and then released. After this, together with other individual sections of the magnetic coil, energized, throw other cryostats with liquid helium. First, larger external cryostats and larger large sections of large section systems are thrown down. At the same time, large sections are thrown in turn. First, those large sections that are below the cryostat, then those that are higher. Then those cryostats that are inside the external cryostat, and their large sections from their systems of large sections. Large sections of large section systems also throw down in turn, which moves from bottom to top. That is, first lower large sections are thrown down, then those that are higher and higher. And so on, until there are cryostats and systems of large sections made on the second stage of the rocket. They do the same with them. There is a difference in that the large sections and cryostats in the second stage of the rocket are smaller in size than in the first stage. The algorithm can be continued at the third and fourth stages of a rocket with a chemical rocket engine.

A device for implementing this first case of the eleventh variant of the method comprises a rocket 102 on which a magnetic system 103 is installed, comprising at least one section 104 (large or small) installed in the cryostat 105. In this case, the cryostat 105 can be held by the holder 29, comprising a clamping and gripping system configured to hold this cryostat 105 first and then release it.

In the second case of this variant of the method, a cryostat with small sections, containing many magnets with a winding of a large magnetic coil of Bogdanov, is connected to a rotation device of a cryostat containing a motor for bringing the cryostat into rotation around the rocket stage.

In the second method of this embodiment, the cryostat must be rotated so that liquid helium does not flow down when the magnetic coil section is separated and the section is thrown down. In this case, the cryostats have a hole down and bottom up.

Twelfth option.

In the twelfth embodiment, by the Bogdanov method, changes in the amount of energy in the magnetic system further increase the magnetic field of the tokamak magnetic coil. The windings of the tokamak magnetic coil are superconducting and go away from the tokamak.

For example, a magnetic coil of a toroidal magnetic field.

The windings of the tokamak magnetic coil are superconducting and go away from the tokamak. Away from the tokamak, the winding forms a coil. The plane of the loop is horizontal.

Together with the coil winding of the magnetic tokamak coil, they feed the disassembled system of small sections of the magnetic coil with the same current direction as in the coil of the winding of the magnetic tokamak coil. Then, in turn, the small sections energized with energy are pushed back and fed additionally into the coil of the winding of the magnetic tokamak coil by an induction electric field, as in the first version of the Bogdanov method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system.

Then, a current-fed section of the magnetic coil (large or small) is brought to the winding coil of the tokamak magnetic coil. In this case, the current flowing in the winding coil of the toroidal tokamak coil is opposite to the current flowing in the section. When the winding of the winding of the toroidal coil of the tokamak and the sections in the section and in the winding of the tokamak are brought together, an induction electric field is induced, which additionally energizes them. As in the first version of the Bogdanov method, changes in the amount of energy in the magnetic system.

Thus, it is possible to increase the current density in the winding of the toroidal tokamak coil to the current density of short samples and increase the magnetic field to the maximum permissible field, limited from above only by the strength of the material of the coil of the toroidal magnetic field of the tokamak. For example, this way you can increase the magnetic field to the maximum magnetic field obtained in magnetic DC coils of 18 T. And this value is more than 3 times higher than the magnetic field of the ITER tokamak, equal to 5.68 T [18]. It can also be argued that it is possible to increase the magnetic field to the limit values for the material of the magnetic coil, which is even larger.

The sections are energized as described in the first embodiment of the method. Accordingly, all movements of the current-powered section of the magnetic coil are carried out in a cryostat with liquid helium.

A tokamak, in which the longitudinal magnetic field is thus amplified, can be part of a powerful power plant 63. The longitudinal magnetic field of its magnetic coils of the longitudinal magnetic field can also be strengthened in the same way.

Thirteenth option.

The same as in the twelfth embodiment, only as applied to the stellarator.

Fourteenth option.

Two superconducting magnetic coils located on the same axis and connected towards each other are energized in a cryostat. Before they are connected, several closed magnets with a winding are connected to them. After energizing the magnetic coils, the closed magnets with the piston winding are moved away from the magnetic coils and, thereby, increase the current in both the magnetic coils and the retractable magnets with the winding. Then the retractable magnets with the winding with the currents of opposite directions induced in them by the piston are brought closer to each other, thereby increasing the current in them even more, connecting them and making small sections from pairs of such magnets with the winding, which were described in the first version. Moreover, such small sections can be completely without current leads. For example, the magnets forming them with a current winding can simply be winding rings. Then these magnets with a current winding can explode in a flame of a rocket and increase, thereby, its thrust.

In addition, by moving magnets with windings induced by currents away from the magnetic coils, they can simply additionally energize the magnetic coils themselves.

Information sources

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3. Bogdanov I.G. Magnetic coil Bogdanov. Patent 2123215. Priority of September 19, 1997.

4. Yavorsky B.M., A.A. Detlaf. Handbook of Physics. 1996, p. 283.

5. Bogdanov I.G. Electric rocket engine Bogdanov. Patent No. 2046210. Application No. 5064411. Priority of the invention October 5, 1992

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7. The anti-gravity engine of Bogdanov. Application No. 2005107750. Application submission date 21.03.2005.

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Claims (25)

1. The method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system, which consists in changing the amount of magnetic energy in the magnetic system, while changing the current in the winding of the magnetic system, characterized in that the current is changed in at least one winding of the magnetic system so so that in this case the current is changed in at least one pair of windings of the magnetic system, and in one winding the electric current of one direction of the current density vector is changed, and in the other winding the electric current of the opposite direction is changed Ia the current density vector. 2. The method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system according to claim 1, characterized in that in one winding of the pair, the electric current of one direction of the current density vector is changed, and in the other winding of the pair, the electric current of the opposite direction of the current density vector is changed so that the current magnitude module in both windings it changes the same, while changing the electric current in the winding containing at least one superconducting wire made in a matrix of a normal conductor. 3. The method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system according to claim 1, characterized in that the two component parts of the small section of the magnetic coil are energized by currents of opposite directions, the component of the small section containing at least one magnet with a winding, while in one of a component of a small section of a magnetic coil, at least one magnet with a winding is energized by current of one direction of the current density vector, and in another component of a small section of a magnetic coil, at least one magnet with a winding is fed They are drawn by current in the opposite direction of the current density vector, and then the components of the small section of the magnetic coil are connected and include magnets of the various components of the small section towards each other. 4. The method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system according to claim 3, characterized in that first, in a cryostat filled with liquid helium, two disassembled systems of components of small sections of a magnetic coil containing at least one pair of components of a small one are initially energized by current sections, forming together a small section, while in one dismantled system of components of small sections contains one component of each small section of two dismountable systems, and one disassembled system feed current m with one direction of current, and the other disassembled system is energized with current in the opposite direction, while the disassembled magnetic coils energize the magnets with a winding containing a composite wire containing at least one superconducting wire made in a matrix of a normal conductor from one disassembled system of components of small sections of the magnetic coil, the component part of at least one small section of the magnetic coil is moved away, and from another disassembled system of components small sections push away the other component of the same small section of the magnetic coil, while the components of the small section are connected to the systems for moving the components of small sections of the magnetic coil, capture the two components of the small section, one component of each small section from each of the dismantled systems of component parts small sections and move away from the disassembled systems along the axes of the magnets with the winding of the components of the small sections, and the remaining parts of the disassembled systems are kept in the original floor zhenii, wherein in removing the magnets from the coil with a current direction of the system components of a small section with the same direction of current induce induction electric field and the induction electric field increases the current density in the magnet removed

where dP _m1 is the change in the magnetic flux through the surface of the circuit limited by the current flowing through the winding of the component of the small section of the magnetic coil when removing the component of the small section with one current direction from the disassembled system of the components of small sections of the magnetic coil with the same direction of electric current as and in an integral part of a small section, dt is the unit of time work against the Ampere forces of attraction of the small section of the magnetic coil to the disassembled system of the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil, while the work goes into increasing the magnetic energy and the small section of the magnetic coil and the disassembled system of the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil, the two components of the small section of the magnetic the coils are held by docking systems by the systems for moving the components of small sections of the magnetic coil, are moved and connected to the holding and placement systems GOVERNMENTAL pieces small magnetic coil section with a small section of the assembly, thus retaining system and placing components small section of the magnetic coil in the assembly of small moving parts section of small sections via connecting devices. 5. The method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system according to claim 1, characterized in that the power station produces energy, directs the energy to the assembly and power plant of the magnetic coil and in the cryostat feeds at least one pair of windings of the magnetic coil with currents of opposite directions , then the windings with the opposite direction of the currents bring together, connect and fix in the connected position. 6. The method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, at least in one pair of windings of the magnetic coil, the current is changed by a superconducting magnetic key in each winding, while in the superconducting magnetic key, the portion of the wire of the winding with the superconductor is heated with a heater, the wire superconductor is transferred to a normal state, and then the winding current is changed by two current leads in the heated section. 7. The method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system according to claim 3, characterized in that the two energized components of a small section of a magnetic coil with magnets with windings with currents flowing in opposite directions in each component are brought together by a piston towards each other so so that the magnet with the winding of one component of the small section enters the magnet with the winding of the other component of the small section, and when the magnet approaches one of the coming together part of the small section with one direction of electric current with the magnet ugoy portion converge small sections with an opposite direction of electric current induction electric field induce

where dP _m2 is the change in the magnetic flux through the surface of the circuit limited by the current flowing through the winding of the component of a small section of the magnetic coil when the magnet approaches the winding of one of the closer component of the small section of the magnetic coil with one direction of the electric current density vector with the magnet of the other of the closer component of the small sections of the magnetic coil with the opposite direction of the electric current density vector, dt is the unit of time and increase, using an induction electric field, the current density in converging magnets with the winding of the constituent parts of small sections, while working against Ampere forces of repulsing magnets of the adjoining parts of a small section of a magnetic coil, which transforms into an increase in the magnetic energy of magnets of both converging parts of a small section of a magnetic coil, and thus energize a small section. 8. The method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system according to claim 3, characterized in that the magnets with the winding of a small section of the magnetic coil are electrically isolated from each other by means of dielectric matrices with at least one groove or hole, and transferred to the magnets with the winding, mechanical forces through the matrices, while the protrusions or lateral surfaces of one matrix are inserted into the grooves or holes of the other matrix with the piston, while the magnet of one component of the small section is inserted into the groove or hole of the matrix of the other component small section. 9. The method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system of claim 8, characterized in that the layers of elastic dielectric absorb the arising mechanical loads when the protrusions or lateral surfaces of one dielectric matrix of one component of a small section of the magnetic coil are introduced into slots or holes of another matrix from a dielectric of another component of a small section of a magnetic coil, and outside of the layers, elastic spring plates also absorb the arising mechanical loads when the protrusion or side the surface of one matrix is inserted into the groove or hole of another matrix, while the plates are pressed against the layers when they are pressed by the approaching other component of the small section so that the plates spring, and the plates are connected to the matrices from the end surface of the matrix. 10. The method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system according to claim 5 or 7, characterized in that after energizing at least two small sections of the magnetic coil with currents, the small sections are removed from the systems to be dismantled of the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil along a plane perpendicular the axis of the coil of the magnet winding and at the same distance from the systems to be disassembled, by the conveyor of the system for moving the assembled small sections of the magnetic coil, and then insert at least one small section into the through axial opening another small section, then when combining the small sections of the magnetic coil into a large section, the system for holding and placing small sections when assembling large sections of the magnetic coil lifts the small section from the conveyor using levers with grippers and manipulators and sets it in such a way relative to the other small section of the magnetic coil that the axes coincided and part of one small section of the magnetic coil entered the continuous axial hole of the other small section of the magnetic coil so that in this case with winding magnets closest to each other two small sections of the magnetic coil flow currents in opposite directions of the current density vector. 11. The method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system according to claim 3, characterized in that at least two small sections of the magnetic coil pre-energized by energy are connected to each other by a system for holding and placing small sections of the magnetic coil when assembling a large section of the magnetic coil and at least one large section of the magnetic coil is assembled from the small sections, wherein after at least two small sections of the magnetic coil are connected to at least two large sections of at least two pain their sections system collected large sections of the magnet coil and cryostat system installed in large sections of the magnet coil, with over one large section is set to at least one other large section, with two large sections separated from each other by a heat shield. 12. The method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system according to claim 11, characterized in that at least two large sections are connected to the system of large sections of the magnetic coil by a system for holding and placing small sections of the magnetic coil when assembling a large section of the magnetic coil, systems for holding and placing small sections of the magnetic coil during assembly of a large section of the magnetic coil are installed in the cryostat of the system of large sections of the magnetic coil, while at least one more cryostat is assembled outside the system of large sections and install this system of large sections in another cryostat, made outside the first cryostat, while the stored energy is removed, the energy is removed by a superconducting magnetic key, alternately heating the heaters and the current-carrying wires of the stored energy output wires along the perimeters of the cryostats, in this case, one wire is heated, located along the perimeter of the cryostat, and in turn, the energy is removed from the heated wires, while one wire is first heated in turn and in turn, energy is removed from heated wires located along the perimeter of one cryostat, then one wire is heated in turn, and energy is taken out from heated wires located along the perimeter of another cryostat, and so on. 13. The method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system according to claim 1, characterized in that in the upper sections of the superconducting composite wires with superconducting magnetic keys with heaters and current leads in pairs of magnets with a winding, the current strength is changed at a time when the sections are above the level liquid helium cryostat. 14. The method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to change the amount of energy in the magnetic system in each pair of magnets with a winding in composite superconducting wires, the energy output simultaneously in the superconducting magnetic keys heat the sections of the pairs running along one another magnets with windings with opposite directions of currents in the area of the location of the current leads, by heating, remove the superconducting composite wire from the superconducting state and through the current lead a magnetic coil is fed with energy, or withdrawn from the magnetic system of stored energy. 15. The method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system according to claim 1, characterized in that the energy in the magnetic system is changed when the magnetic coil is inside the vehicle, and when the stored energy is removed from the magnetic system, the energy is directed to the vehicle engine to supply it with energy . 16. A device for implementing a method for changing the amount of energy in a magnetic system, comprising a magnetic system containing at least one magnet with a winding, characterized in that the magnetic system contains at least one more winding, with at least , two windings are made with the possibility of connecting in one pair of windings and with the possibility of pairwise powered currents of opposite directions, and it is possible to enter energy into at least one pair of windings and output energy, at least, and from one pair of windings, while the windings in a pair of windings are electrically isolated from each other. 17. The device for implementing the method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system according to clause 16, characterized in that it contains a cryostat filled with liquid helium, and two disassembled systems of components of small sections of the magnetic coil, while two disassembled systems of components of small sections are installed in a cryostat, moreover, it is possible to power magnets with a winding of one system with current with one direction of current and it is possible to power magnets with a winding of another system with current with opposite directions in this case, the disassembled system of the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil consists of at least two components of the small sections of the magnetic coil, configured to move away from the remaining parts of the disassembled system of the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil, and the two components of the small section of the magnetic coils from different dismountable coils are configured to form one small section of a magnetic coil, while the small section contains at least one pair of magnets with a winding, with the ability to be fed with currents of opposite directions, and it is possible to feed magnets with a pair winding with currents of opposite directions, while the magnet with a winding contains at least one wire made of a composite superconductor, containing at least one wire of a superconductor, placed in a matrix of a normal conductor, and the component of the small section contains at least one magnet with a winding. 18. The device for implementing the method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system according to 17, characterized in that it contains at least one pair of systems for moving the components of small sections of the magnetic coil and at least one system for holding and placing the components a small section of the magnetic coil when assembling a small section, while the systems for moving the components of small sections of the magnetic coil are made with the possibility of connecting with the components of the small section by docking devices with levers with a gripper clamps and clamps that are capable of gripping two components of a small section, one component of each small section of a magnetic coil that is part of one of the disassembled superconducting magnetic coils, and with the ability to move the component of small sections from the disassembled system of components of small sections, wherein the docking device with levers with grippers and clamps is connected to the disassembled system of components of the small sections and is configured to hold the system in its original position and when separating from the system the component of a small section of the magnetic coil. 19. The device for implementing the method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system according to 17, characterized in that it contains at least two systems for holding and accommodating the components of the small section of the magnetic coil during assembly of the small section and a conveyor system for moving the assembled small sections of the magnetic coils connected to a system for holding and placing the components of a small section of a magnetic coil when assembling a small section, while between systems for holding and placing components of a small section of a magnetic coil, the small section is assembled with a piston, and the piston is arranged to bring together the two components of the small section towards each other so that the magnets with the winding of the component of the small section, taken from one dismantled system of the components of the small sections of the magnetic coil, enter between the magnets with the winding of the other component parts of a small section, taken from another disassembled system of components of small sections of a magnetic coil, so that the magnets of different components of a small section are turned towards each other, at It is possible to secure assembled small sections in an assembled position. 20. The device for implementing the method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system according to 17, characterized in that the component of the small section of the magnetic coil contains a dielectric matrix, while the magnets with the winding of a small section of the magnetic coil are electrically isolated from each other through the matrix, and it is possible to transfer to the magnets with a winding mechanical forces through the matrix, while it is possible for the components of small sections to dock so that the magnet with a winding of one the main part of the small section entered into the groove or through the hole of the other component part of the small section, moreover, on the die surface of the dielectric matrix a layer of elastic dielectric is made, while at least two elastic spring plates are made outside the layer, and the plates are made with the possibility of spring and cling to the layer when the approaching other component of the small section presses on them. 21. The device for implementing the method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system according to 17, characterized in that it is possible for the components of the small sections to dock so that the magnet with the winding of one component of the small section fits into the groove or through hole of the other component a small section, moreover, at least one magnet with a winding is connected to a system of rollers or balls, while it is possible for a component of a small section to slide along a system of rollers or balls. 22. The device for implementing the method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system according to clause 16, characterized in that it contains at least one section of the magnetic coil, while it is possible to install at least one section of the magnetic coil in the cryostat, this magnet with a section winding has an energy output wire with a section with a heater and current leads, made in the upper part of the cryostat, and the energy output wires from the magnets with the winding are combined in pairs, while it is possible to output from ry wiring currents of opposite directions of current density vector. 23. The device for implementing the method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system according to clause 16, characterized in that it is possible to install cryostats and sections of the magnetic coil so that after assembly, at least one cryostat is inside another cryostat and at least , one section is outside of at least one cryostat, while it is possible to install at least one section in the cryostat so that the wires for energy output of the magnets with the section winding are made along Etra cryostat. 24. A device for implementing the method of changing the amount of energy in a magnetic system according to claim 18 or 23, characterized in that it comprises at least two superconducting magnetic keys mounted on at least one pair of windings of the magnetic coil on each winding of the pair while in a superconducting magnetic key, a portion of a winding wire with a superconductor is connected to a heater and two current leads, the heater being configured to heat a portion of a winding wire with a superconductor and transfer the superconductor normal state, and current leads arranged to change winding current on the heated portion. 25. The device for implementing the method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system according to 17, characterized in that it is possible after energizing the magnetic coil as a result of implementing the method of changing the amount of energy in the magnetic system to install a magnetic coil inside the vehicle and it is possible to direct energy from magnetic system to the vehicle, and it is possible to direct energy to the engine when the stored energy is removed from the magnetic system l vehicle to supply engine power.

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