RU2294801C1 - Bulk materials sizing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; chemical industry; ore mining; metallurgy industry; building industry; other industries; the bulk materials sizing machines usage.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of separation of the bulk materials and may be used for cleaning and sharing of the grain and the products of the grain size reduction, as well as in chemical, ore mining, metallurgical and construction industries. The bulk materials sizing machine includes: the vertical duct; the pour ledges mounted at an angle to horizon on the opposite walls of the duct sequentially in height at the similar level; the disposed upright directly above them in the walls of the duct separating components with the wedge-type sifting holes, which width is increasing from top to down; the installed along the center of the duct movable bearing component made in the form of the plate and moving in the guides by means of the adjustment device; the attached to the movable bearing component in pairs and symmetrically guiding ledges, the collectors of the fractions precipitated through the separating components. In the space between the walls of the transporting duct and the central bearing component there is at least one internal load-bearing partition with the located in it one under another vertical separating components. Directly under each separating component on the load-bearing partition there are the mounted pour ledges arranged on the side of the central bearing component and the guiding ledges arranged on the side of the walls of the transporting duct. The rows of the separating components on the internal load-bearing partitions and on the walls of the transporting duct are arranged so, that the pour and guiding ledges of two adjacent rows form the zigzag channel for motion and separation of the product. The walls of the transporting duct and the internal load-bearing partitions are installed with the capability of the reciprocating motion in the vertical plane, and the guides and pour ledges are fixed on the shafts with the capability of turning. The technical result of the invention is the increased efficiency of the bulk material separation for fractions of the adjustable coarseness, the decrease of the height of the sizing machine, the more useful utilization of the gravitational force field energy.

EFFECT: the invention is the increased efficiency of the bulk material separation for fractions of the adjustable coarseness, the decrease of the height of the sizing machine, the more useful utilization of the gravitational force field energy.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of separation of bulk materials and can find application for cleaning and separation by size of grain and products of its processing, as well as in the chemical, mining, metallurgical and construction industries.

Known air classifier of bulk materials, comprising a housing, inclined mounted in the housing with a gap with its inner walls and descending to them elastic bulk filling shelves, loading device mounted above the bulk shelves, vibration drive of the bulk shelves, a collection of large fractions mounted under the bulk shelves, nozzles purging of classified material at the exit from the overfill shelves, airflow exhaust windows with small fractions, as well as devices for additional cleaning of large fractions nts - brush-brushes (USSR author's certificate No. 1304918, class B 07 В 4/02, Bull. No. 15, 1987).

The disadvantage of this air classifier is the use of a working agent and the oscillatory movement of the bulk shelves to separate the granular material into fractions, which causes additional energy costs and increases the metal consumption of the structure.

The closest in technical solution device is a loading and distribution device for bulk materials, including a vertical feed channel and at least two bulk shelves installed at an angle to the horizontal on the opposite internal walls of the feed channel in series along its height, the bulk shelves are installed in pairs on at one horizontal level, directly above them in the walls of the supply channel, separating elements with wedge-shaped screening holes are vertically placed, w the core of which increases from top to bottom, a movable supporting element in the form of a plate is installed in the center of the channel, which moves in the guides by means of a regulating device, while guide shelves are paired and symmetrically attached to the movable supporting element, in addition, the feed channel is equipped with fraction collectors released through the separating elements (RF patent No. 2163846, M. C. 7 B 07 B 13/04, Bull. No. 7, 2001).

A disadvantage of the known device is the inefficient use of the potential energy of the gravitational force field. In the vertical section between adjacent separating elements at the places where the overflow and guide shelves are installed, only a change in the direction of movement of the product occurs, but useful work is not performed. In addition, in the case of separation of the initial product into several fractions, the selection of each fraction is carried out sequentially along the height of the device, which significantly increases its height.

An object of the invention is a more complete use of the energy of the gravitational force field, increasing the efficiency of separation of bulk material into several fractions of adjustable size and reducing the height of the classifier.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the classifier of bulk materials, including a vertical channel, bulk shelves installed at an angle to the horizontal on the opposite walls of the channel in series along its height at the same horizontal level, separating elements with wedge-shaped vertically placed directly above them in the channel walls sifting holes, the width of which increases from top to bottom, mounted on the center of the channel, a movable supporting element in the form of a plate, moving in the guide them by means of a control device attached to the movable bearing element in pairs and symmetrically guiding shelves, collectors of fractions separated out through the separating elements, new is that in the space between the walls of the conveying channel and the central bearing element is located at least one internal bearing partition with under each other with vertical separating elements, immediately under each separating element on the supporting partition there are overflow the flanges located on the side of the central bearing element and the guide shelves placed on the side of the walls of the conveying channel, while the rows of separating elements on the inner bearing partitions and on the walls of the conveying channel are located so that the overflow and guiding shelves of two adjacent rows form a zigzag channel for movement and product isolation, walls of the conveying channel and internal load-bearing partitions are mounted with the possibility of reciprocating movement in a vertical plane spine, and guides and mixing and shelf mounted on shafts rotatably.

The technical result is to increase the efficiency of isolation from the initial mixture of passage components and the possibility of obtaining three or more (subject to the establishment of several internal partitions) fractions of different composition and adjustable size, as well as reducing the height of the classifier.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows the structural and technological scheme of the classifier of bulk materials.

The classifier includes a loading device 1 mounted above the vertical conveying channel 2, in which the side walls 3 are mounted with the possibility of movement in the vertical plane, the central movable bearing element in the form of a plate 4, movable internal load-bearing partitions 5, receivers large 6, intermediate 7 and small 8 fractions. Vertical separating elements with wedge-shaped sifting holes 9 are installed on the lateral movable walls 3 and the internal bearing partitions 5 in succession along the height, overflow shelves 10 are installed directly below the central bearing element (in the oversize area). The guide shelves 11 are mounted on the central movable bearing element pairwise and symmetrically, and on the internal load-bearing partitions from the side of the walls 3 of the conveying channel (in the sublattice region). Peresypny and guide shelves are mounted using axes 12, allowing rotation in a vertical plane. The position of the central movable supporting element 4 installed in the guides 13 is determined by the regulating device 14. The position of the internal bearing partitions 5 and the movable side walls 3 installed in the guides 13 are determined by the corresponding regulating devices 15 and 16.

The classifier of bulk materials works as follows. The initial mixture enters the vertical conveying channel 2, through which the product moves from one separating element with wedge-shaped sieving holes 9 to another, through the loading device 1, where the incoming material is divided into two equal streams by the upper part of the central bearing element 4, processed further according to the same schemes . The flow of the initial mixture enters the guide shelf 11 mounted on the Central bearing element, moving along which acquires the required speed and is fed to the separating element with wedge-shaped sifting holes 9, mounted on the inner supporting partition 5. As a result of the interaction of the starting product with the separating element 9 of it part of the fine and intermediate fractions is distinguished, and the remaining mixture is fed through the overflow shelf 10 to the guide shelf 11 mounted on the central supporting element 4. the process is repeated on the downstream separating elements are installed on the inner wall 5 carrier.

Part of the mixture, which did not stand out on all the separating elements, is a large fraction and is discharged to the receiver 6. The product passing through the separating elements installed on the partition 5, moving along the guide shelves 11, is fed to the separating elements 9 located directly below them, fixed on movable side wall 3. The process taking place in the channel between the internal load-bearing partition 5 and the movable side wall 3 is similar to that discussed above. In this case, the mutual vertical arrangement of the inner bearing partition 5 and the side wall 3, moved in the guides 13 by means of control devices 15 and 16, should be such as to ensure the movement of the mixture in a zigzag channel between the overflow and guide shelves without contact with the separating element mounted above the guide shelf 11. The product, which did not pass through the separating elements 9, mounted on the movable side wall 3, constitutes an intermediate fraction and is discharged into the collection 7. Particles released through the separating elements, they make a small fraction and fall into the collection 8. The coarseness of the obtained fractions is controlled by pre-setting the tilt angles of the overflow and guide shelves pivotally mounted using axes 12, and by operatively changing the mutual vertical arrangement of the central bearing element 4, internal bearing partitions 5 and a movable side wall 3, movable in the guides 13 by means of adjusting devices 14, 15 and 16, respectively.

The positive effect is as follows. The product released on the upper separating elements of the internal load-bearing partition is not discharged into the collectors, but is immediately fed to the separating elements installed either on the next bearing partition, if there are several, or on the movable side wall. The result is a combination of the height of the classifier of the operations of extraction of various target fractions, excluding intermediate operations of product accumulation in collections. This effect is the most significant, since it allows several times to reduce the height of the classifier in the case of multifractional separation of the mixture and increase the utilization of the potential energy of the gravitational force field. The number of internal load-bearing partitions is determined by the number of target fractions. The more fractions, the more significant the achieved effect.

In addition, the absence of intermediate accumulation creates the conditions for improving the quality of the obtained fractions. One of the factors determining the separation efficiency is the height of the product layer on the separating element. In the proposed classifier, as the mixture moves in the channel between adjacent bearing partitions or between the bearing partition and the movable side wall, its quantity is kept stable. The volume of product released through the separating elements on one wall of the channel is compensated by the volume of product entering through the separating elements on the other wall.

The quantitative and qualitative composition of the fractions depends on the complex mutual arrangement of the separating elements, overflow and guide shelves on adjacent load-bearing partitions. To ensure the possibility of adjusting the separator, depending on the properties of the bulk product and the required performance, the guide rails and overflow shelves are pivotally mounted using axles. In addition, a movable mount is necessary to adjust the zigzag channel so that the mixture moves in the space between the overflow and guide shelves without contact with the separating element mounted above the guide shelf. To control the composition of the fractions, the walls of the conveying channel and the internal bearing partitions are installed in the guides 13 with the possibility of reciprocating motion in a vertical plane. Regulating devices 15 and 16 are designed for operational changes within certain limits of the composition of the fractions without stopping the process.

Thus, the achieved technical result of the invention is to reduce the dimensions of the classifier, to increase the efficiency of separation of bulk materials into fractions of adjustable fineness, to more fully use the energy of the gravitational force field.

Claims (1)

The classifier of bulk materials, including a vertical channel, overflow shelves installed at an angle to the horizontal on the opposite walls of the channel in series along its height at the same level, separating elements vertically placed directly above them in the channel walls with wedge-shaped screening holes, the width of which increases from top to bottom, installed in the center of the channel, a movable supporting element in the form of a plate moving in guides by means of a regulating device attached to the movable to the supporting element in pairs and symmetrically guiding shelves, collectors of fractions separated through the separating elements, characterized in that in the space between the walls of the conveying channel and the central bearing element there is at least one internal supporting partition with vertical separating elements placed therein, directly below each separating element on the supporting partition there are installed overflow shelves located on the side of the central bearing element, and the control shelves located on the side of the walls of the conveying channel, while the rows of separating elements on the internal load-bearing partitions and on the walls of the conveying channel are located so that the overflow and guiding shelves of two adjacent rows form a zigzag channel for the movement and isolation of the product, the walls of the conveying channel and the internal bearing the partitions are mounted with the possibility of reciprocating movement in a vertical plane, and the guides and overflow shelves are fixed on axes with zhnosti rotation.