RU2293704C2 - Escalator drive reduction gear - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; escalator drives.

SUBSTANCE: proposed reduction gear 1 of escalator has frame 2 installed of base. One of its supports 3 is hinged, and is installed coaxially with input shaft of reduction gear, and other on is provided with retractable support platform 4, made removable or turnable. Frame 2 of reduction gear 1 forms space sufficient for its turning around axle of higher support 3 through definite angle.

EFFECT: simplified design of reduction gear of escalator drive, facilitated repair and mounting operations.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to lifting devices, in particular to drives of escalators. The invention can be used in drives of tunnel escalators.

The known design of the gear drive of the escalator model ET-5 (I. Pominov. "Metro escalators, device, maintenance and repair", Moscow, "Transport" 1993). The gearbox consists of a system of gears and worm gears mounted in a separate housing. The housing accepts the load from the gear shafts, protects the mechanism from moisture and dust, and creates conditions for continuous lubrication of the friction parts. The cast housing of the ET-5 gearbox consists of two parts: the lower base - the housing itself and the cover. The gearbox is two-stage, cylindrical. The gearbox housing and cover have: massive base; stiffeners and individual thickenings, reinforcing the strength of the most loaded parts; machined places to accommodate shaft supports, covers, seals; flanges for attaching the cover; tides for placing the oil gauge, for locking during installation and dismantling. On the lid there are inspection hatches and windows closed with covers. The inner bottom of large gearboxes is made with a slight slope for oil drainage. In the case there is a crane for draining oil. All gearbox connectors are sealed to prevent oil leakage. In addition, the connectors are sealed with special compounds and tightened with bolts. Shaft bearing caps are fitted with grease fittings if necessary.

The gear housing repeats the gearing pattern. With such a drive design, repair work is difficult due to the fact that the dismantling of the main shaft requires disassembly of the gearbox, which is very difficult in the limited space of the machine room.

The known design of the escalator gearbox model ET-5M (I. Pominov. "Metro escalators, device, maintenance and repair", Moscow, "Transport" 1993). The gearing scheme of the ET-5M gearbox dictates the basic shape of the gearbox housing. The elongated and massive cover is made for inspections, dismantling and repair work of the composite. It has three parts: left, middle and right. Each part of the cover is bolted to the other and to the base of the case, has its own tides. A number of windows are also provided in the lid for inspection of gears. The gearbox also has other characteristic features. The gearbox is cylindrical, three-stage. The input gear shaft has a tapered end for securing the brake clutch. Intermediate shafts are made as gear shafts. They have gears. The gear of the second intermediate shaft engages with a spurious wheel necessary to increase the center-to-center distance between the main shaft and the input high-speed shaft. The wheel does not change the gear ratio of the gearbox. Unlike others, a spurious wheel rotates on a fixed axis bearing. Torque is transmitted through the spurious wheel to the main shaft of the escalator, on which the gear wheel is fixed.

All shaft bearings are mounted in cups and covered with covers. The collars (protrusions) of the cups and the centering girdle of the covers included in the cups can simultaneously serve to prevent axial movement of bearings, fixing them along the outer ring. The inner rings of the bearings are fixed by the steps of the shafts or wheels, retaining strips and rings. The straps are fixed with bolts screwed into the shaft end and tied with wire to prevent turning. The input shaft bearing on the coupling side is secured by a snap ring. The input shaft bearing cap, which is open with a bore, has a lip seal. The output shaft through passage has a gap-type seal with a gasket. In addition, the wheel has a special protrusion on the side of the sprocket, which prevents oil from draining from the wheel along the shaft. The blind bearing caps and spindle wheel axle have sealing rings. Bearing units are designed so that the possibility of some axial displacement, "play". This allows you to compensate for manufacturing errors and thermal deformation of the shaft and housing. In this case, the fixed bearings of adjacent shafts are staggered.

These design solutions are common to most escalator gearboxes. These gearboxes are also characterized by a wheel on the input shaft, which is not engaged. It is intended for an auxiliary drive, the gear gear of which is engaged with this wheel when it is connected.

With such a drive design, repair work is difficult due to the fact that the dismantling of the main shaft requires disassembly of the gearbox, for the production of which, in the limited space of the machine room, composite gearbox covers are used that are difficult to manufacture. In addition, the bearings of the main shaft perceive the axial forces arising in the helical gearing of the output stage of the gearbox, which leads to a failure of the landing of the bearings of the main shaft.

The closest analogue (prototype) of the claimed invention is the gearbox of the main drive of the escalators EM-4, EM-5. (Instructions for maintenance of EM-series escalators, Moscow, TIMR Information and Publishing Center, 1995) The gearbox is designed to reduce rotational speed and increase torque by transferring the latter from the motor shaft to the main shaft of the escalator. The gearbox is installed in the machine room, contains a gear system mounted in a separate housing. The gear case accepts the load from the gear shafts, protects the mechanism from moisture and dust, and creates conditions for continuous lubrication of the friction parts. The input shaft of the gearbox of the main drive of the escalators EM-4, EM-5 is connected by an elastic coupling to the electric motor, and the output shaft is connected by a gear split coupling to the main shaft of the escalator. The gear housing is made integral, individual housing parts (base, cover) are bolted together. For inspection of gears and oil filling in the case there are inspection windows, closed by covers. To align the gearbox covers on the base of the housing, tapered pins are used. At the base of the housing there are drain holes (faucet), closed by plugs, and oil indicators are also located in them. The gear housing is usually made of cast iron; its dimensions depend on the size of the gears. The base of the body is massive. The gear wheels are lubricated at peripheral speeds of up to 12-15 m / s by the crankcase method (by dipping the wheels in an oil bath). The oil should cover the working surfaces of the teeth.

In this drive design, it is difficult to carry out repairs due to the fact that the dismantling of the main shaft requires disassembly of the gearbox, for the production of which, in the limited space of the machine room, composite gearbox covers are used, which are difficult to manufacture and require significant costs for mounting and dismounting.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that one of the bearings of the escalator drive gearbox is hinged, mounted coaxially with the gearbox input shaft, and the other has a retractable support pad. The escalator drive gearbox has a frame that forms a space sufficient for the gearbox to rotate around the axis of the articulated support by a certain angle, and the retractable support platform can be mounted both on the gearbox and on the gearbox frame.

This design allows, after disassembling the gear coupling and removing the supporting part of the second support, to rotate the gearbox relative to the axis of the first support by an angle that allows free access to the end of the main shaft for mooring, while the gearbox is in a position that allows you to dismantle its entire cover.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings:

figure 1 shows a side view of the gear drive of the escalator in the working position;

figure 2 is a rear view of the drive of the escalator;

figure 3 - gear drive the escalator in the lowered position.

The escalator drive gearbox 1 (Fig. 1), installed in the machine room, has a frame 2 mounted on the foundation, one of its supports 3 is hinged, mounted coaxially with the input shaft of the gearbox, and the other has a retractable support platform 4 (removable rotary). The frame 2 of the escalator drive gearbox 1 forms a space sufficient for its rotation around the axis of the articulated support 3 by a certain angle.

The output shaft of the gearbox 5 (Fig. 2) is connected by a detachable gear clutch 6 with the main shaft of the escalator 7, which is mounted on the supports 8 mounted on the frame 2. The input shaft of the gearbox 9 is connected by an elastic coupling 10 with the shaft of the motor 11 mounted on the frame.

To dismantle the main shaft 7 and disassemble the escalator drive gearbox 1, the gear clutch 6 is disassembled, then the support 4 is removed, which can be mounted on the gearbox frame, and then the escalator drive gearbox 1 is rotated around the axis of the hinged support 3 by a certain angle, making access to the end face of the main shaft 7 and the cover of the gearbox 12 (figure 3). This allows you to remove the gear cover 12, made whole (not detachable), as well as to dismantle the main shaft 7. Installation is carried out in the reverse order.

The technical result achieved by the invention is to simplify the design of the escalator drive gearbox and facilitate repair and installation work.

The inventive design has been tested and is planned for installation on escalators of the Kiev metro.

Claims (3)

1. An escalator drive gearbox installed in a machine room, comprising a gear system mounted in a separate housing, an input shaft connected by an elastic coupling to an electric motor, and an output shaft connected by a detachable gear coupling to the escalator main shaft, characterized in that one of its the supports are hinged and mounted coaxially with the input shaft of the gearbox, and the other has a retractable support platform. 2. The escalator drive gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a frame forming a space sufficient to rotate the gearbox around the axis of the articulated support by a certain angle. 3. The escalator drive gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that the retractable supporting platform is mounted on the gearbox frame.

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